The Zoochat Photographic Guide To The Coraciiformes

Hylomanes


Tody Motmot (Hylomanes momotula)

The range of this species extends patchily throughout the humid evergreen forests of Central America and northwestern South America, from southern Mexico in the north to eastern Panama and northwest Colombia in the south.

Three subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

H. m. chiapensis - found from southern Mexico on the Pacific coastline into Guatemala and westernmost El Salvador.
H. m. momotula - found from southern Mexico east into eastern Nicaragua and south to the Pacific slope of northwest Costa Rica.
H. m. obscurus - found from central Panama in the west to northwest Colombia in the east.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.
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Aspatha


Blue-throated Motmot (Aspatha gularis)

The range of this species is restricted to the mid-to-high altitude humid cloudforests of Central America, from southern Mexico in the west to south-central Honduras and the extreme north of El Salvador in the east.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.
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Momotus


Russet-crowned Motmot (Momotus mexicanus)

The range of this species extends throughout the dry and humid forests of western Mexico, from southern Sonora in the north to Chiapas and immediately-adjacent areas of southwest Guatemala in the south; a disjunct population occurs in east-central Guatemala.

Four subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

M. m. vanrossemi - found throughout northwest Mexico from southern Sonora into northernmost Sinaloa and southwest Chihuahua.
M. m. mexicanus - found throughout western Mexico from northern Sinaloa in the north to northwest Oaxaca in the south.
M. m. saturatus - found throughout the Pacific south of Mexico, from southern Oaxaca in the east to Chiapas and immediately-adjacent areas of southwest Guatemala.
M. m. castaneiceps - endemic to interior east-central Guatemala.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Blue-capped Motmot (Momotus coeruliceps)

The range of this species is restricted to the Caribbean slope of northeastern Mexico, from Nuevo León and Tamaulipas in the north, to northern Veracruz in the south.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Lesson's Motmot (Momotus lessonii)

The range of this species extends throughout much of the woodland and forest habitat of Central America from Veracruz and Oaxaca in the south of Mexico to west-central Panama, and occurs from sea level to higher elevations up to around 2150m.

Three subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

M. l. lessonii - found throughout the range of the species from southern Mexico to west-central Panama, barring those areas noted below.
M. l. goldmani - restricted to the Caribbean slope of southern Mexico in Veracruz and Tabasco, and adjacent areas of northern Guatemala.
M. l. exiguus - endemic to the Yucatan Peninsula.

Photograph of a wild individual (M. l. lessonii) taken in Costa Rica by @Maguari :




Whooping Motmot (Momotus subrufescens)

The range of this species represents a pair of disjunct populations occuring in the humid lowland rainforests of northwest South America and adjacent Central America; throughout the Pacific coastline of western Ecuador and northwest Peru, and from central Panama into the lowlands of northern Colombia and Venezuela, and south from here along the lower reaches of the Cordillera Occidental into west-central Colombia.

Four subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

M. s. spatha - endemic to the Guajira Peninsula of northern Colombia.
M. s. subrufescens - extends from central Panama throughout the Colombian range of the species.
M. s. osgoodi - extends throughout northwest Venezuela and adjacent regions of northern Colombia.
M. s. argenticinctus - extends throughout western Ecuador and northwest Peru west of the Andes.

Photograph of a wild individual (M. s. subrufescens) taken at Radisson Summit Hotel in Panama by @AWP :



Photograph of a probable captive individual (M. s. argenticinctus) taken at Weltvogelpark Walsrode by @Daniel Sörensen :




Trinidad Motmot (Momotus bahamensis)

Endemic to the islands of Trinidad and Tobago.

Monotypic.

Photograph of a wild individual taken on Tobago by @Terry Thomas :




Amazonian Motmot (Momotus momota)

The range of this species extends throughout the lowlands of South America east of the Andes, from eastern Colombia and southern Venezuela into the Guianas, and south throughout the Amazon Basin and adjacent regions of central and western Brazil into east-central Bolivia, northwest Paraguay and northern Argentina; a disjunct population exists on the northeastern coastline of Brazil from Paraíba to Alagoas.

Nine subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

M. m. momota - found from the Orinoco in central Venezuela east into northern Brazil and south to the northern bank of the lower Amazon.
M. m. microstephanus - found throughout the lowlands east of the Andes from eastern Colombia and western Venezuela in the north, into eastern Ecuador, northeast Peru and northwest Brazil.
M. m. ignobilis - found throughout eastern Peru, northern Bolivia and adjacent areas of western Brazil.
M. m. nattereri - restricted to the Andean foothills of northern and central Bolivia.
M. m. simplex - found throughout northern and west-central Brazil south of the Amazon, as far south and east as Mato Grosso and central Goiás.
M. m. pilcomajensis - found throughout eastern and southern Bolivia and northernmost Argentina, and into south-central Brazil as far east as western São Paulo and northern Paraná.
M. m. cametensis - restricted to central Brazil, between the lower Rio Xingu to Rio Tocantins.
M. m. parensis - restricted to east-central Brazil, from the Rio Tocantins to Maranhão and Piauí.
M. m. marcgravianus - restricted to a narrow coastal strip in eastern Brazil, from Paraíba to Alagoas.

Photograph of a wild individual (M. m. simplex) taken in Chapada de Guimaraes, Brazil by @Therabu :



Photograph of a captive individual of unclear subspecific status which probably belongs to this species, taken by @KevinVar at Vogelpark Avifauna:




Andean Motmot (Momotus aequatorialis)

Extends throughout the humid montane forests of the Andes, from west-central Colombia in the north, to the extreme northwest of Bolivia in the south.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

M. a. aequatorialis - found throughout the subtropical and temperate zones of the western slope of the Andes in western Colombia, and the eastern slopes of the Andes in central Ecuador.
M. a. chlorolaemus - found throughout the eastern slope of the Andes from north-central Peru in the north to the extreme northwest of Bolivia in the south.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.
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Baryphthengus


Rufous Motmot (Baryphthengus martii)

The range of this species comprises a pair of disjunct populations which occur throughout the humid lowland and hill forests of Central America and South America; from eastern Honduras to northwest Panama, and along the western slope of the Andes to southwest Ecuador; and throughout the western Amazon Basin from south-central Colombia in the north to central Bolivia in the south, and east into north-central Brazil.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

B. m. semirufus - found throughout the Central American and western Andean portions of the species range.
B. m. martii - found throughout the Amazonian portion of the species range.

Photograph of a wild individual (B. m. semirufus) taken at Mindo, Ecuador by @ronnienl :




Rufous-capped Motmot (Baryphthengus ruficapillus)

Endemic to the Atlantic Forest of southeast Brazil, eastern Paraguay and the extreme northeast of Argentina.

Monotypic.

Photograph of a wild individual taken at Foz de Iguaçu, Brazil by @Therabu :



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Electron


Keel-billed Motmot (Electron carinatum)

The range of this species represents a highly-fragmented and patchy distribution throughout the humid evergreen forests of Central America, with disjunct populations in eastern Guatamala, central and southern Belize, northern Honduras, central and eastern Nicaragua, and northern Costa Rica; populations in southern Mexico and central Guatemala are believed to have been extirpated.

Monotypic.

Photo of a wild individual taken at Arenal Volcano National Park, Costa Rica by @birdsandbats :




Broad-billed Motmot (Electron platyrhynchum)

The range of this species comprises a pair of disjunct populations which occur throughout the humid lowland and hill forests of Central America and South America; from eastern Honduras to northwest and northern Panama, and along the western slope of the Andes to southwest Ecuador; and throughout the western Amazon Basin from south-central Colombia in the north to central Bolivia in the south, and east into central Brazil south of the Amazon.

Six subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

E. p. minus - found throughout Central America from eastern Honduras to eastern Panama.
E. p. platyrhynchum - found throughout the western slope of the Andes from northwest Colombia to southwest Ecuador.
E. p. colombianum - found throughout the lowlands of northern Colombia.
E. p. pyrrholaemum - found throughout the eastern slope of the Andes from south-central Colombia through eastern Ecuador and Peru into central Bolivia.
E. p. orienticola - found throughout the upper Amazon Basin of Brazil.
E. p. chlorophrys - found throughout central Brazil south of the Amazon.

Photograph of a wild individual (E. p. minus) taken at Hanging Bridges, Costa Rica by @savethelephant :

 

Eumomota


Turquoise-browed Motmot (Eumomota superciliosa)

The range of this species represents a pair of disjunct populations occurring in the lowland woodlands, evergreen forests and plantations of Central America; throughout the Yucatan Peninsula, and from the Pacific coastline of southern Mexico to northwest Costa Rica.

Seven subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

E. s. bipartita - found along the Pacific slope of southern Mexico and Guatemala.
E. s. superciliosa - endemic to the northern and central Yucatan Peninsula
E. s. vanrossemi - endemic to the interior forests of Guatemala.
E. s. sylvestris - endemic to the Caribbean lowlands of Guatemala.
E. s. apiaster - found from El Salvador, through western and southern Honduras into northwest Nicaragua.
E. s. euroaustris - endemic to the Caribbean lowlands of northern Honduras.
E. s. australis - found throughout the Pacific lowlands of southwest Nicaragua and northwest Costa Rica.

Photograph of a wild individual (E. s. superciliosa) taken at Chichen Itza, Mexico by @ralph :



Photograph of a wild individual (E. s. australis) taken at Rincon De La Veija, Costa Rica by @Newzooboy :

 

ALCEDINIDAE


This family comprises 18 extant genera found worldwide, absent only from the northern boreal forests and tundra, areas of extreme aridity or altitude, and the Antarctic, and forms a monophyletic clade alongside the motmots of the Motmotidae.

Alcedo - True Kingfishers (8 species)

Ceyx - Pacific Kingfishers (23 species)

Corythornis - Malachite Kingfisher and allies (4 species)

Ispidina - Pygmy and Dwarf Kingfishers (2 species)

Lacedo - Banded Kingfisher (monotypic)

Dacelo - Kookaburras (5 species)

Cittura - Lilac Kingfishers (2 species)

Pelargopsis - Stork-billed Kingfisher and allies (3 species)

Halcyon - Woodland Kingfishers (12 species)

Todiramphus - Tody-billed Kingfishers (29 species)

Caridonax - White-rumped Kingfisher (monotypic)

Melidora - Hook-billed Kingfisher (monotypic)

Actenoides - Blue-capped Kingfisher and allies (6 species)

Syma - Yellow-billed Kingfisher and Mountain Kingfisher (2 species)

Tanysiptera - Paradise-Kingfishers (9 species)

Megaceryle - Giant Kingfisher and allies (4 species)

Ceryle - Pied Kingfisher (monotypic)

Chloroceryle - American Kingfishers (4 species)

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Alcedo


Blyth's Kingfisher (Alcedo hercules)

The range of this species extends throughout the southern foothills and surrounding evergreen forests of the eastern Himalayas, from eastern Nepal through Assam and Bhutan into northern Myanmar, and from here patchily throughout northern and eastern Indochina and south-central China; disjunct populations occur in southwest Myanmar, southeast China and Hainan.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Common Kingfisher (Alcedo atthis)

The range of this species extends throughout much of the Palearctic, southeast Asia and Melanesia; resident populations occur from Great Britain and Ireland, the Iberian Peninsula, the Mahgreb and southern Scandinavia into central and southern Europe, in the southern Caucasus, and from Afghanistan and Pakistan throughout southern and southeast Asia into Japan, Indonesia and Melanesia; summer breeding populations occur throughout eastern Europe into the Caucasus and southwest Siberia, throughout Central Asia and south-central Siberia, and throughout the Russian Far East, northeast China and the Korean Peninsula; and wintering populations occur patchily throughout the resident range, and also in Turkey and the Middle East, the Nile Valley, the Fertile Crescent, and the Greater Sundas.

Seven subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

A. a. athis - found from the Mahgreb and southern Iberian Peninsula, throughout the Mediterranean into the Balkans, Middle East and northwest Indian Subcontinent, and north into Central Asia, south-central Siberia and northwest China.
A. a. ispida - found throughout western, central and eastern Europe, from the northern Iberian Peninsula, Great Britain and Ireland, and southern Scandinavia in the west to Romania, Ukraine and western Russia in the east.
A. a. bengalensis - found throughout much of southern and southeast Asia, from the Indian Subcontinent into southern China, Indochina and the Malay Peninsula, and north into eastern China, the Russian Far East, the Korean Peninsula and Japan, with wintering populations occurring throughout the Greater Sundas, Moluccas and Philippines.
A. a. taprobana - endemic to southern India and Sri Lanka.
A. a. floresiana - endemic to the Lesser Sundas.
A. a. hispidoides - found from Sulawesi into the Moluccas, West Papuan Islands and coastal New Guinea, and from here into the Bismarck Archipelago, D’Entrecasteaux Islands and the Louisiade Archipelago.
A. a. salomonensis - found from Nissan in the eastern Bismarck archipelago into the Solomon Islands from Buka and Bougainville to Makira.

Photograph of a wild individual (A. a. ispida) taken in the Netherlands by @Stefan Verhoeven :



Photograph of a captive individual (A. a. bengalensis) taken at Toyohashi Zoo, Japan by @Sicarius :



Photograph of a wild individual (A. a. taprobana) taken in Bundala National Park, Sri Lanka by @ralph :




Half-collared Kingfisher (Alcedo semitorquata)

The range of this species represents a highly-fragmented distribution of disjunct populations throughout eastern, south-central and southern Africa.

Three subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

A. s. heuglini - found patchily throughout Eritrea, Ethiopia and adjacent areas of southeast Sudan.
A. s. semitorquata - found from southernmost Mozambique and Eswatini into eastern and southern South Africa.
A. s. tephria - found throughout much of central and south-central Africa, from south-west Angola in the west, through Zambia, southern DRC and Zimbabwe into northern Mozambique and southern Tanzania, with patchy disjunct populations in northwest Tanzania, southeast Kenya and Rwanda.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Shining-blue Kingfisher (Alcedo quadribrachys)

The range of this species extends throughout much of coastal West Africa and the Congo Basin, from Senegal and Guinea in the west to the Albertine Rift and adjacent regions of South Sudan and northwest Tanzania in the east, and south to northernmost and eastern Angola, northwest Zambia and south-central DRC.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

A. q. quadribrachys - found throughout coastal West Africa from Senegal in the west to western Nigeria in the east.
A. q. guentheri - found throughout the Congo Basin and adjacent regions of central Africa, from southeast Nigeria in the west to the Albertine Rift in the east, and south to northern Angola and northwest Zambia.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Blue-eared Kingfisher (Alcedo meninting)

The range of this species extends throughout much of southeast Asia, from northeast India, southern Nepal and Bangladesh into south-central China, Myanmar and Indochina, and south into the Malay Peninsula, Greater Sundas, and southwest Philippines; a disjunct population is present in Sri Lanka and the Western Ghats of India.

Six subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

A. m. coltarti - found from the lowlands of northern India and southern Nepal into south-central China and Indochina.
A. m. phillipsi - endemic to the Western Ghats of India, and Sri Lanka.
A. m. scintillans - restricted to southern Myanmar and adjacent areas of northern Peninsular Thailand.
A. m. rufigastra - endemic to the Andaman Islands.
A. m. verreauxii - found throughout the Malay Peninsula, southeast into Bangka, the
Riau Archipelago and Belitung, and east into Borneo, Palawan and the Sulu Islands.
A. m. meninting - found throughout the Greater Sundas and adjacent offshore islands, barring those previously cited above.

Photograph of a wild individual (A. m. verreauxii) taken on Borneo by @Writhedhornbill :




Malaysian Blue-banded Kingfisher (Alcedo peninsulae)

The range of this species extends patchily throughout the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and Borneo.

Monotypic.

Photograph of a wild individual taken in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand by @Swampy :




Javan Blue-banded Kingfisher (Alcedo euryzona)

Endemic to Java.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Small Blue Kingfisher (Alcedo coerulescens)

The range of this species extends from southeast Sumatra in the west into Java, and throughout the Lesser Sundas as far east as Flores.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.
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Ceyx


Azure Kingfisher (Ceyx azureus)

The range of this species extends from the northern Moluccas, New Guinea and adjacent offshore islands, south through northern and eastern Australia into Tasmania.

Seven subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

C. a. affinis - found on Morotai, Halmahera and Bacan in the northern Moluccas.
C. a. lessonii - found throughout the lowlands of New Guinea, and into the West Papuan Islands and Fergusson Island.
C. a. ochrogaster - found throughout northern New Guinea, and adjacent islands in Geelvink Bay and the Admiralty Islands.
C. a. yamdenae - found on Romang in the Lesser Sundas and the Tanimbar Islands of the southern Moluccas.
C. a. ruficollaris - found throughout northern Australia, from Kimberley in the west to Cooktown in the east.
C. a. azureus - found throughout eastern and southern Australia, from Cooktown in the north to Victoria in the south.
C. a. diemenensis - endemic to Tasmania.

Photograph of a wild individual (C. a. azureus) taken in Australia by @WhistlingKite24 :




Bismarck Kingfisher (Ceyx websteri)

Endemic to the Bismarck Archipelago, where it is patchily distributed throughout lowland forest streams and rivers.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Indigo-banded Kingfisher (Ceyx cyanopectus)

Endemic to the rivers and streams of the northern and central Philippines.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

C. c. cyanopectus - found throughout the northern Phillipines, primarily Luzon, Mindoro and adjacent smaller islands.
C. c. nigrirostris - endemic to Panay, Negros and perhaps Cebu in the central Philippines.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Northern Silvery-Kingfisher (Ceyx flumenicola)

Endemic to Samar, Leyte and Bohol in the south-central Phillipines.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Southern Silvery-Kingfisher (Ceyx argentatus)

Endemic to Dinagat, Siargao, Mindanao and Basilan in the southern Philippines.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Little Kingfisher (Ceyx pusillus)

The range of this species represents a patchy distribution from the northern Moluccas in the west, through the West Papuan Islands, New Guinea and adjacent offshore islands, to the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands, as far east as Guadalcanal, and also south into northern Australia.

Nine subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

C. p. pusillus - found from the West Papuan Islands, through southern New Guinea into the extreme northeast of Australia and the D’Entrecasteaux Islands.
C. p. laetior - found throughout northern New Guinea from Geelvink Bay east to Astrolabe Bay.
C. p. ramsayi - found patchily throughout the northern Northern Territory and the western Cape York Peninsula of Queensland, in northern Australia.
C. p. halli - found throughout eastern Queensland in northeast Australia, as far south as Keppell Bay.
C. p. masauji - endemic to the Bismarck Archipelago.
C. p. bougainvillei - endemic to the western Solomon Islands, as far east as Choiseul, Santa Isabel and Florida Island.
C. p. halmaherae - endemic to Halmahera, Bacan and Obi in the northern Moluccas.
C. p. richardsi - endemic to the New Georgia Group of the west-central Solomon Islands.
C. p. aolae - endemic to Guadalcanal in the eastern Solomon Islands.

Photograph of a wild individual (C. p. ramsayi) taken in Kakadu National Park, Australia by @laughing dove :



Photograph of a wild individual (C. p. halli) taken in Cairns Botanic Garden, Australia by @laughing dove :




Black-backed Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx erithaca)

The range of this species comprises a pair of disjunct populations in southeast Asia; within Sri Lanka and the Western Ghats of India; and from Bangladesh, Assam and Bhutan into southern China, Indochina and Hainan, and south into northern Peninsular Thailand. Non-breeding and wintering populations extend south throughout the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra.

Two subspecies are recognised, as follows:

C. e. erithaca - found throughout range of species, barring the area cited below.
C. e. macrocarus - endemic to the Andaman and Nicobar islands.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Rufous-backed Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx rufidorsa)

The range of this species extends throughout the Malay Peninsula, and from here into the Greater and Lesser Sundas, and east into the western Philippines.

Four subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

C. r. rufidorsa - found throughout much of the species range, barring those areas cited below.
C. r. motleyi - endemic to eastern Borneo and adjacent northern offshore islands.
C. r. captus - endemic to Nias Island, off the coast of Sumatra.
C. r. jungei - endemic to Batu Island and Simeulue Island, off the coast of Sumatra, and perhaps also on Mentawai.

Photograph of a wild individual (C. r. motleyi) taken on Borneo by @Giant Panda :




Philippine Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx melanurus)

The range of this species extends throughout much of the Philippines.

Three subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

C. m. melanurus - endemic to Luzon and surrounding islands of the northern Philippines.
C. m. samarensis - endemic to Samar and Leyte in the east-central Philippines.
C. m. mindanensis - endemic to Mindanao and Basilan in the southern Philippines.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Sangihe Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx sangirensis)

Endemic to Sangihe, to the northeast of Sulawesi; possibly extinct, as the species was last definitively recorded in the late 19th century, and is only known from three specimens - one of which was destroyed during WWII.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Sulawesi Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx fallax)

Endemic to the lowland hill-forests of Sulawesi.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Dimorphic Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx margarethae)

Endemic to central and southern Philippines, from Cebu and Negros to the Sulu Archipelago.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Sula Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx wallacii)

Endemic to the Sula Islands.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Moluccan Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx lepidus )

Endemic to the northern and central Moluccas.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

C. l. lepidus - endemic to the northern Moluccas.
C. l. uropygialis - endemic to the central Moluccas

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Buru Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx cajeli )

Endemic to Buru in the southern Moluccas.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Papuan Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx solitarius)

The range of this species extends from the West Papuan and Aru Islands, through New Guinea and adjacent offshore islands, into the D’Entrecasteaux Islands.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Manus Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx dispar)

Endemic to Manus in the northwest Bismarck Archipelago.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


New Ireland Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx mulcatus )

Endemic to New Ireland, New Hanover and adjacent offshore islands in the eastern Bismarck Archipelago.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


New Britain Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx sacerdotis)

Endemic to New Britain and adjacent offshore islands.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


New Georgia Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx collectoris)

Endemic to the New Georgia archipelago in the west-central Solomon Islands.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


North Solomons Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx meeki)

Endemic to the northern and central Solomon Islands.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

C. m. pallidus - endemic to Bougainville and Bouka.
C. m. meeki - endemic to Choiseul and Santa Isabela.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Guadalcanal Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx nigromaxilla)

Endemic to Guadalcanal and Malaita in the Solomon Islands.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

C. n. malaitae - endemic to Malaita.
C. n. nigromaxilla - endemic to Guadalcanal.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Makira Dwarf-Kingfisher (Ceyx gentianus)

Endemic to Makira in the eastern Solomon Islands.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.
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Corythornis


Malachite Kingfisher (Corythornis cristatus)

The range of this species extends throughout sub-Saharan Africa, barring the arid southwestern regions of Namibia and Botswana, and the arid northeastern regions in the Horn of Africa; disjunct populations occur on Sao Tome and Principe in the Gulf of Guinea.

Five subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

C. c. galeritus - found throughout sub-Saharan Africa from Senegal in the west to Eritrea and central Ethiopia in the east, and south to southernmost Angola in the west and southern Mozambique in the east.
C. c. cristatus - found from southern Namibia in the west to southern Zimbabwe in the east, and throughout South Africa.
C. c. robertsi - endemic to northern Botswana.
C. c. thomensis - endemic to Sao Tome.
C. c. nais - endemic to Principe.

Photograph of a wild individual (C. c. galeritus) taken at Lake Mburu, Uganda by @Hix



Photograph of a wild individual (C. c. cristatus) taken in Kruger National Park, South Africa by @wstefan :



Photograph of a wild individual (C. c. robertsi) taken in Moremi Game Reserve, Botswana by @Maguari :




Malagasy Kingfisher (Corythornis vintsioides)

Endemic to Madagascar and the Comoros.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

C. v. johannae - endemic to the Comoros.
C. v. vintsioides - endemic to Madagascar.

Photograph of a wild individual (C. v. vintsiodes) taken in the grounds of Tzimbazaza Zoo, Madagascar by @lintworm :




White-bellied Kingfisher (Corythornis leucogaster)

The range of this species extends patchily and in a highly-fragmented distribution throughout coastal West Africa and the Congo Basin.

Three subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

C. l. bowdleri - found from southwest Mali and Guinea, east to southern Ghana.
C. l. leucogaster - found throughout Nigeria and southern Cameroon, and south from here through Gabon into northwestern Angola.
C. l. leopoldi - found throughout the Congo Basin and adjacent areas of central Africa, with disjunct populations in northwest Zambia and southeast Uganda.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Madagascar Pygmy Kingfisher (Corythornis madagascariensis)

Endemic to the dry scrub and savanna woodland of Madagascar.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

C. m. madagascariensis - found throughout western, northern and eastern Madagascar; absent from the southwest.
C. m. dilutus - known only from a single specimen collected at Zombitse Forest in southwest Madagascar.

Photograph of a wild individual (C. m. madagascarensis) taken by @Therabu :

 

Ispidina


African Pygmy Kingfisher (Ispidina picta)

The range of this species extends throughout sub-Saharan Africa, barring the arid southern and southwestern regions of Namibia, Botswana and much of South Africa, and the arid northeastern regions in the Horn of Africa; populations in the south of this range (from west-central Angola in the west to northeast Zambia and northern Mozambique in the east, and south to southeast South Africa) and in the Sahel represent summer breeding visitors.

Three subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

I. p. picta - found throughout the Sahel and adjacent regions of sub-Saharan Africa, from Senegal in the west to Eritrea in the east.
I. p. ferrugina - found throughout coastal West Africa, the Congo Basin and adjacent regions of central Africa, from Guinea-Bisseau in the west to western Uganda in the east, and south to central Angola, northwest Zambia and northern Tanzania.
I. p. natalensis - found throughout south-central and southeast Africa, from southern Angola in the west to central and eastern Tanzania in the east, and south from here through eastern Botswana, Zimbabwe and Mozambique to southeast South Africa.

Photograph of a wild individual (I. p. picta) taken in Awash National Park, Ethiopia, by @Maguari :



Photograph of a wild individual (I. p. ferrugina) taken in Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda by @Hix :




African Dwarf Kingfisher (Ispidina lecontei)

The range of this species represents a pair of disjunct populations in coastal West Africa and the Congo Basin.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

I. l. ruficeps - found throughout coastal West Africa, from Sierra Leone to Ghana.
I. l. lecontei - found throughout the Congo Basin, from southwest Nigeria and Cameroon in the west to northwest DRC and western Uganda in the east, and south to western DRC and northwest Angola in the west and east-central DRC in the east.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.
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Lacedo


Banded Kingfisher (Lacedo pulchella)

The range of this species extends throughout southern and central Indochina and the Malay Peninsula, and into Sumatra, Java and Borneo.

Four subspecies are currently recognised as follows:

L. p. amabilis - found throughout the lowland forests of central and southern Indochina.
L. p. deignani - endemic to Peninsular Thailand.
L. p. pulchella - found throughout Peninsular Malaysia, and south into Sumatra, Java and adjacent offshore islands.
L. p. melanops - endemic to Borneo and Bangka Island.

Photograph of a wild individual (L. p. deignani) taken in Kaeng Krachan National Park, Thailand by @laughing dove :



Photograph of a wild individual (L. p. melanops) taken in Sepilok, Malaysia by @laughing dove :

 

Dacelo


Laughing Kookaburra (Dacelo novaeguineae)

The range of this species extends throughout much of eastern Australia, from the Cape York Peninsula in the north to southernmost Victoria.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

D. n. minor - found in northeastern Australia, from the Cape York Peninsula south to Cooktown in northeast Queensland.
D. n. novaeguineae - found throughout eastern and southeast Australia, with introduced populations in southwest Australia, Tasmania and the North Island of New Zealand.

Photograph of a wild individual (D. n. novaeguineae) taken at Sherwood Arboretum, Australia by @WhistlingKite24 :




Blue-winged Kookaburra (Dacelo leachii)

The range of this species extends patchily through southern New Guinea and across northern and northeastern Australia, as far south as northeast Western Australia, north-central Northern Territory and the extreme southwest of Queensland; a disjunct population is present in northwest Western Australia.

Four subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

D. l. intermedia - found throughout southern and southeast New Guinea.
D. l. occidentalis - found throughout the western Pilbara and Gascoyne regions of Western Australia.
D. l. cervina - endemic to the Tiwi Islands and adjacent coastal regions of Northern Territory.
D. l. leachii - found throughout northern Australia from Broome in the west to the Cape York Peninsula in the east, and south from here throughout eastern and southeast Queensland.

Photograph of a wild individual (D. l. occidentalis) taken in South Hedland, Australia by @Najade :



Photograph of a wild individual (D. l. cervina) taken in Darwin, Australia by @laughing dove :



Photograph of a wild individual (D. l. leachii) taken on Horn Island, Australia by @Hix :




Spangled Kookaburra (Dacelo tyro)

The range of this species represents a pair of disjunct populations in south-central New Guinea and the Aru Islands.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

D. t. archboldi - restricted to a narrow coastal strip in south-central New Guinea, from the Bian River to the Mai Kussa River
D. t. tyro - endemic to the Aru Islands.

Photograph of a captive individual (D. t. tyro) taken at Birdworld, UK by @Paradoxurus :




Rufous-bellied Kookaburra (Dacelo gaudichaud)

The range of this species extends throughout New Guinea and adjacent offshore islands, and west into the Aru Islands, West Papuan Islands and northern Moluccas.

Monotypic.

Photograph of a captive individual taken at Weltvogelpark Walsrode, Germany by @Pedro :




Shovel-billed Kookaburra (Dacelo rex)

Endemic to the hill and mountain rainforests of New Guinea.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.
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Cittura


Sangihe Lilac Kingfisher (Cittura sanghirensis)

Endemic to Sangihe and Siau, north of Sulawesi.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Sulawesi Lilac Kingfisher (Cittura cyanotis)

Endemic to northern and eastern Sulawesi.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.
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Pelargopsis


Brown-winged Kingfisher (Pelargopsis amauroptera)

The range of this species is restricted to a narrow strip of coastal mangroves, mudflats and creeks along the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea, from northeast India and Bangladesh in the northwest to coastal Peninsular Thailand and the islands of northwest Peninsular Malaysia in the southeast.

Monotypic.

Photograph taken near Krabi Town, Thailand by @ralph :




Stork-billed Kingfisher (Pelargopsis capensis)

The range of this species extends patchily throughout southern and southeast Asia, from the Western Ghats of India and Sri Lanka in the west, through northern and northeast India, southern Nepal, Bangladesh and Assam into northern Myanmar in the east, and south from here throughout Indochina and the Malay Peninsula into the Greater and Lesser Sundas and Philippines.

Fifteen subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

P. c. capensis - found throughout the Indian Subcontinent and Sri Lanka, as far east as Assam and Bangladesh.
P. c. burmanica - found throughout Myanmar and Indochina, and south to the Isthmus of Kra.
P. c. intermedia - endemic to the Nicobar Islands.
P. c. osmastoni - endemic to the Andaman Islands.
P. c. malaccensis - found from the Isthmus of Kra throughout the southern Malay Peninsula into the Riau and Lingga Archipelagos.
P. c. cyanopteryx - endemic to Sumatra and Bangka.
P. c. simalurensis - endemic to Simeulue.
P. c. sodalis - endemic to the Banyak Islands.
P. c. nesoeca - endemic to Nias and the Batu Islands.
P. c. isoptera - endemic to the Mentawai Islands.
P. c. innominata - endemic to Borneo.
P. c. floresiana - found throughout the Lesser Sundas from Bali to Flores.
P. c. javana - endemic to Java.
P. c. gouldi - found throughout Mindoro, Balabac, Palawan and adjacent islands in the western Philippines.
P. c. gigantea - found throughout the central and southern Philippines, from Polilo to the Sulu Archipelago.

Photograph of a wild individual (P. c. capensis) taken at Muthurajawela Marsh, Sri Lanka by @ralph :



Photograph of a wild individual (P. c. malaccensis) taken in the grounds of Singapore Zoo, Singapore by @Zooish :



Photograph of a wild individual (P. c. innominata) taken on the Kinabatangan River, Malaysia by @Writhedhornbill :




Great-billed Kingfisher (Pelargopsis melanorhyncha)

The range of this species extends patchily throughout Sulawesi, and into the Banggai and Sula islands.

Three subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

P. m. melanorhyncha - endemic to Sulawesi and associated offshore islands.
P. m. dichrorhyncha - endemic to the Banggai Islands.
P. m. eutreptorhyncha - endemic to the Sula Islands.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.
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Halcyon


Ruddy Kingfisher (Halcyon coromanda)

The range of this species extends throughout much of southeast Asia, from the foothills of the Himalayas in south-central Nepal and northern India in the west to central and southern Indochina in the east, and south into the Malay Peninsula and Greater Sundas; a disjunct summer breeding population occurs in Japan, the Korean Peninsula and extreme northeast China, wintering in the Philippines and Borneo.

Ten subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

H. c. major - summer breeding populations occur in Japan, the Korean Peninsula and extreme northeast China, wintering in the Philippines, Borneo and the Talaud Islands.
H. c. coromanda - occurs from south-central Nepal and northeast India in the west to northern Myanmar and south-central China in the east, and throughout Indochina into the Malay Peninsula as far south as the Isthmus of Kra.
H. c. mizorhina - endemic to the Andaman Islands
H. c. minor - occurs from the Isthmus of Kra, south throughout the Malay Peninsula into Sumatra, Borneo and Java, and associated smaller islands.
H. c. bangsi - endemic to the Ryukyu Islands.
H. c. linae - endemic to Palawan
H. c. claudiae - endemic to Tawitawi and Sanga-Sanga in the Sulu Archipelago.
H. c. pelingensis - endemic to the Banggai Islands.
H. c. rufa - endemic to Sulawesi and associated smaller islands
H. c. sulana - endemic to the Sula Islands.

Photograph of a captive individual (H. c. major) taken at Ueno Zoo, Japan by @Sicarius :



Photograph of a captive individual (H. c. minor) taken at Jurong Bird Park, Singapore by @Jackwow :



Photograph of a captive individual (H. c. bangsi) taken at Okinawa Zoo & Museum, Japan by @Sicarius :




Chocolate-backed Kingfisher (Halcyon badia)

The range of this species extends throughout coastal West Africa and the Congo Basin.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

H. b. obscuridorsalis - found throughout coastal West Africa, from Sierra Leone in the west to Ghana in the east.
H. b. badia - found throughout the Congo Basin and adjacent regions of central Africa, from southern Nigeria and Cameroon in the west to northeast DRC and western Uganda in the east, and south to northern Angola and southwest DRC.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


White-throated Kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis)

The range of this species extends throughout southern and southeast Asia, from south-central Iraq and the southern coastline of Iran in the west, through the Indian Subcontinent and Sri Lanka, to southern and central Indochina and southeast China in the east, and south from here throughout the Malay Peninsula to Sumatra and western Java; a disjunct population occurs in southern Turkey, the Levant and northeast Egypt.

Five subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

H. s. smyrnensis - found throughout southern Turkey, the Levant and northeast Egypt, and from south-central Iraq as far east as Pakistan, the extreme northeast of Afghanistan and northwest India.
H. s. fusca - found throughout western Peninsular India and Sri Lanka.
H. s. saturatior - endemic to the Andaman Islands.
H. s. perpulchra - found from eastern Peninsular India, through Bangladesh and northern Myanmar, into Indochina, and south from here to Sumatra and western Java
H. s. fokiensis - found throughout southeast China, Hainan and associated islands.

Photograph of a captive individual (H. s. smyrnensis) taken at Meir Segals Garden University Zoo, Israel by @alexkant :



Photograph of a wild individual (H. s. fusca) taken in Sri Lanka by @Terry Thomas :



Photograph of a wild individual (H. s. perpulchra) taken in Van Long Nature Reserve, Vietnam by @Maguari :




Brown-breasted Kingfisher (Halcyon gularis)

Endemic to the Philippines; absent from Palawan and associated islands in the west.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Grey-headed Kingfisher (Halcyon leucocephala)

The range of this species extends throughout much of sub-Saharan Africa, from Senegal in the west to Eritrea and Somalia in the east, and south to north-central Namibia, northeast South Africa and southern Mozambique; disjunct populations occur on Cape Verde, and throughout the southwest Arabian Peninsula.

Five subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

H. l. acteon - endemic to Cape Verde.
H. l. semicaerulea - endemic to the southwest Arabian Peninsula.
H. l. leucocephala - found from Senegal in the west to Eritrea and northwest Somalia in the east, and south to Gabon, northeast DRC and northern Tanzania.
H. l. hyacinthina - found from southeast Ethiopia and southeast Somalia in the north, through the Kenyan coastline to coastal northwest Tanzania.
H. l. pallidiventris - found from northern DRC, west-central Tanzania and Uganda south to northern Namibia and northeast South Africa.

Photograph of a wild individual (H. l. leucocephala) taken at Lake Manyara National Park, Tanzania by @Hix



Photograph of a wild individual (H. l. hyacinthina) taken in the eastern highlands of Ethiopia by @lintworm



Photograph of a wild individual (H. l. pallidiventris ) taken at Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda by @Hix




Capped Kingfisher (Halcyon pileatus)

The summer breeding range of this species extends throughout central and eastern China, north into the Korean Peninsula, and south into north-central Indochina; the winter breeding range of this species extends patchily and in a highly-fragmented distribution throughout southern and south-east Asia, from the Indian Subcontinent and Sri Lanka in the west to Indochina in the east, and south from here throughout the Malay Peninsula and Greater Sundas.

Monotypic.

Photograph of a captive individual taken at Zoo Berlin, Germany by @Pedro :




Javan Kingfisher (Halcyon cyanoventris)

Endemic to Java.

Monotypic.

Photograph of a captive individual taken at Jurong Bird Park, Singapore by @Pedro :




Woodland Kingfisher (Halcyon senegalensis)

The range of this species extends from Guinea and Sierra Leone in the west to southwest South Sudan, Uganda and western Kenya in the east, and south to northern Angola and southeast Tanzania; summer breeding populations north of this range from Senegal in the west to Eritrea and central Ethiopia in the east, and south of this range from north-central Namibia in the west to northeast South Africa and southernmost Mozambique in the east.

Three subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

H. s. senegalensis - found from Senegal in the west to Ethiopia and Eritrea in the east, and south from here into western Kenya, northwest Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi.
H. s. fuscopileus - found throughout coastal West Africa from Sierra Leone to southern Nigeria, and from here throughout the Congo Basin.
H. s. cyanoleuca - found from northern Angola in the west to western Tanzania in the east, and south into northern Namibia, Botswana and northeast South Africa.

Photograph of a wild individual (H. s. senegalensis) taken at Hawassa, Ethiopia by @Maguari :



Photograph of a wild individual (H. s. fuscopileus) taken at Kumasi, Ghana by @KevinVar :




Mangrove Kingfisher (Halcyon senegaloides)

The range of this species is restricted to a narrow strip of the coastal mangroves and woodlands extending throughout east Africa, from southeast Somalia in the north to east-central South Africa in the south.

Two subspecies are recognised, as follows:

H. s. ranivorus - found from coastal southeast Somalia to Zanzibar and adjacent regions of coastal Tanzania.
H. s. senegaloides - found throughout coastal Mozambique and eastern South Africa.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Blue-breasted Kingfisher (Halcyon malimbica)

The range of this species extends patchily and in a highly-fragmented distribution throughout coastal West Africa and the Congo Basin, from Sierra Leone and Guinea in the west to southwest South Sudan and western Uganda in the east, and south to northwest Angola and west-central Tanzania; disjunct populations occur in southwest Ethiopia, east-central Angola, and Senegambia.

Four subspecies are currently recognised as follows

H. m. malimbica - found throughout the Congo Basin, from southern Cameroon to southwest South Sudan, western Uganda and northwest Tanzania, and south to northern and eastern Angola and northwest Zambia.
H. m. torquata - found from Senegal in the west to southwest Mali in the east and south to northern Guinea.
H. m. forbesi - found from Sierra Leone in the west to Nigeria and southwest Cameroon in the east.
H. m. dryas - endemic to Principe and, formerly, Sao Tome.

Photograph of a captive individual (H. m. malimbica) taken at Philadelphia Zoo, USA by @Ding Lingwei :



Photograph of a wild individual (H. m. torquata) taken at Bijilo Monkey Park, The Gambia by @vogelcommando :




Brown-hooded Kingfisher (Halcyon albiventris)

The range of this species represents three disjunct populations; on the southeast coastline of Somalia; throughout coastal regions in the west of the Congo Basin and south to southwest Angola; and throughout much of eastern and southeast Africa from southern DRC and northwest Tanzania in the north, south through Malawi, Zambia and Mozambique into eastern and southern South Africa, as far as the Western Cape.

Four subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

H. a. albiventris - found throughout coastal South Africa from the Western Cape to KwaZulu-Natal.
H. a. vociferans - found from eastern Botswana into northeast South Africa and southern Mozambique, and south from here throughout eastern South Africa to KwaZulu Natal.
H. a. orientalis - found throughout coastal east Africa from southern Somalia to Mozambique in the south, and inland to Malawi, southern Zambia, Zimbabwe and northern Botswana.
H. a. prentissgrayi - found throughout coastal regions of the Congo Basin from Gabon in the north to western Angola in the south, and east from here to southern Kenya in the north to northern Zambia in the south.

Photograph of a captive individual (unclear subspecific status) taken at Wilhelma, Germany by @Tomek




Striped Kingfisher (Halcyon chelicuti)

The range of this species extends throughout much of sub-Saharan Africa, from southwest Mauritania in the west to Eritrea in the east, and south to northeast Namibia, southern Botswana and northeast South Africa; only patchily present in the Horn of Africa, and largely absent from coastal West Africa and the Congo Basin.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

H. c. chelicuti - found throughout the range of the species, barring the area cited below.
H. c. eremogiton - restricted to a narrow strip of the Sahel, from south-central Mali and northern Nigeria to central Sudan.

Photograph of a wild individual (H. c. chelicuti) taken at Lake Mburo National Park, Uganda by @Hix :

 

Todiramphus


Blue-black Kingfisher (Todiramphus nigrocyaneus)

Endemic to the lowlands and hill-forests of New Guinea and adjacent offshore islands.

Three subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

T. n. nigrocyaneus - found throughout the West Papuan Islands and western New Guinea.
T. n. quadricolor - found from Geelvink Bay east throughout much of the northern lowlands of New Guinea.
T. n. stictolaemus - found throughout the southern and southeastern lowlands of New Guinea.

No photographs of living members of this species are currently present within the Zoochat gallery.


Rufous-lored Kingfisher (Todiramphus winchelli)

Endemic to central and southern Philippines.

Five subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

T. w. nigrorum - endemic to Samar, Cebu, Negros and adjacent regions of east-central and south-central Phillipines.
T. w. nesydrionetes - endemic to Tablas, Romblon and Sibuyan in the central Philippines.
T. w. mindanensis - endemic to Mindanao.
T. w. winchelli - endemic to Basilan.
T. w. alfredi - endemic to the Sulu Archipelago in southwest Philippines.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Blue-and-White Kingfisher (Todiramphus diops)

Endemic to the northern Moluccas.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Lazuli Kingfisher (Todiramphus lazuli)

Endemic to the southern Moluccas.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Red-backed Kingfisher (Todiramphus pyrrhopygius)

The range of this species extends throughout Australia, barring the extreme southeast and Tasmania.

Monotypic.

Photograph of a wild individual taken at an unspecified location by @Hix :




Forest Kingfisher (Todiramphus macleayii)

The range of this species extends throughout southeast New Guinea into north-central and northeast Australia, and from here south throughout eastern Australia to northeast New South Wales.

Three subspecies are recognised, as follows:

T. m. elisabeth - found throughout eastern New Guinea from Astrolabe Bay in the north to Hall Sound in the south.
T. m. macleayii - found throughout the northern Northern Territory of Australia, with some populations migrating to the Lesser Sundas and Aru Islands.
T. m. incinctus - found throughout northeast and eastern Australia, from the Cape York Peninsula in the north to northeast New South Wales in the south, with some populations migrating into southern New Guinea, the southeast Moluccas and the Bismarck Archipelago.

Photograph of a wild individual (T. m. incinctus) taken at Mt Mee, Moreton Bay by @WhistlingKite24 :




New Britain Kingfisher (Todiramphus albonotatus)

Endemic to New Britain in the Bismarck Archipelago.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Ultramarine Kingfisher (Todiramphus leucopygius)

Endemic to the Solomon Islands, from Bougainville in the northwest to Guadalcanal in the southeast.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Vanuatu Kingfisher (Todiramphus farquhari)

Endemic to north-central Vanuatu.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Marquesas Kingfisher (Todiramphus godeffroyi)

Endemic to Hiva Oa and Tahuata in the Marquesas Islands, although presumed extinct on the former.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Mewing Kingfisher (Todiramphus ruficollaris)

Endemic to Mangaia in the southeast Cook Islands.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Society Kingfisher (Todiramphus veneratus)

Endemic to Moorea and Tahiti in the southeast Society Islands.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

T. v. youngi - endemic to Moorea.
T. v. veneratus - endemic to Tahiti.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Tuamotu Kingfisher (Todiramphus gambieri)

Endemic to Niau and Mangareva in the Tuamotu Archipelago, but presumed extinct on the latter.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

T. g. gertrudae - endemic to Niau.
T. g. gambieri - endemic to Mangareva; extinct.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Chattering Kingfisher (Todiramphus tutus)

The range of this species extends throughout the Society Islands, with a disjunct population in the southeast Cook Islands.

Three subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

T. t. tutus - endemic to the Society Islands.
T. t. atiu - endemic to Atiu in the southeast Cook Islands.
T. t. mauke - endemic to Mauke in the southeast Cook Islands.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Pacific Kingfisher (Todiramphus sacer)

The range of this species extends in a widespread distribution throughout the islands of the south Pacific.

Twenty-two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

T. s. torresianus - endemic to Hiu, Loh and Toga in the Torres Islands of Vanuatu.
T. s. santoensis - endemic to north-central Vanuatu.
T. s. juliae - endemic to east-central Vanuatu.
T. s. erromangae - endemic to Erromango and Aneityum in southern Vanuatu.
T. s. tannensis - endemic to Tanna in southern Vanuatu.
T. s. sacer - endemic to central and southern Tonga.
T. s. pealei - endemic to Tutuila in American Samoa.
T. s. manuae - endemic to Ofu, Olosega and Tau in American Samoa.
T. s. pavuvu - endemic to Pavuvu in the central Solomon Islands.
T. s. mala - endemic to Malaita in the eastern Solomon Islands.
T. s. amoenus - endemic to Rennell and Bellona in the southeastern Solomon Islands.
T. s. sororum - endemic to Malaulalo and Malaupaina in the eastern Solomon Islands.
T. s. solomonis - endemic to Makira and adjacent offshore islands in the eastern Solomon Islands.
T. s. brachyurus - endemic to the Swallow Islands in the north-central Santa Cruz Islands.
T. s. vicina - endemic to Duff Island in the northeast Santa Cruz Islands.
T. s. ornatus - endemic to Tinakula and Nendo in the northwest Santa Cruz Islands.
T. s. utupuae - endemic to Utupa Island in the central Santa Cruz Islands.
T. s. melanodera - endemic to Vanikoro in the southern Santa Cruz Islands.
T. s. vitiensis - endemic to Fiji.
T. s. eximius - endemic to Kadavu and adjacent offshore islands in southwest Fiji.
T. s. regina - endemic to the Futuna Islands.
T. s. marinus - endemic to the Lau Archipelago.

Photograph of a wild individual (T. s. santoensis) taken on Aore Island, Vanuatu by @Chlidonias :




Palau Kingfisher (Todiramphus pelewensis)

Endemic to the Palau Islands.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Guam Kingfisher (Todiramphus cinnamominus)

Endemic to Guam.

Monotypic.

Photograph of a captive individual at Milwaukee County Zoo in the USA, taken by @Lucas Lang :




Pohnpei Kingfisher (Todiramphus reichenbachii)

Endemic to Pohnpei in the Senyavin Islands.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Flat-billed Kingfisher (Todiramphus recurvirostris)

Endemic to Samoa.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Islet Kingfisher (Todiramphus colonus)

Endemic to the Louisiade Archipelago.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Torresian Kingfisher (Todiramphus sordidus)

The range of this species extends throughout the Aru Islands, southern New Guinea and the islands of the Torres Strait, and into northern and eastern Australia as far south as southeast Queensland. A disjunct population exists within the Pilbara of Western Australia.

Three subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

T. s. pilbara - found throughout the Pilbara region of Western Australia
T. s. sordidus - found throughout the Aru Islands and southern New Guinea, south into northern and northeast Australia.
T. s. colcloughi - found throughout coastal eastern and southeast Queensland.

Photograph of a wild individual (T. s. sordidus) taken on Ugar Island in the Torres Strait by @Hix :



Photograph of a wild individual (T. s. colcloughi) taken at an unspecified location in Australia by @WhistlingKite24 :

 

Sacred Kingfisher (Todiramphus sanctus)

The range of this species extends throughout Australia, New Caledonia and New Zealand, with Australian populations migrating north into the Greater and Lesser Sundas, Moluccas, New Guinea and Solomon Islands.

Four subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

T. s. sanctus - found throughout Australia, migrating north into the Greater and Lesser Sundas, Moluccas, New Guinea and Solomon Islands; populations in the eastern Solomon Islands may be resident.
T. s. canacorum - endemic to New Caledonia.
T. s. macmillani - endemic to the Loyalty Islands.
T. s. vagans - found from Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island into New Zealand and the Kermadec Islands.

Photograph of a wild individual (T. s. sanctus) taken in an unspecified location in Australia by @WhistlingKite24:



Photograph of a wild individual (T. s. canacorum) taken on Lifou Island, New Caledonia by @Hix :



Photograph of a captive individual (T. s. vagans) taken at Hamilton Zoo, New Zealand by @Chlidonias :




Collared Kingfisher (Todiramphus collaris)

The range of this species extends from the Horn of Africa and Arabian Peninsula throughout coastal regions of southern Asia as far east as Indochina and Peninsular Malaysia, and from here throughout the Greater and Lesser Sundas, Philippines, Moluccas to northwest New Guinea.

Fourteen subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

T. c. abyssinicus - found throughout the Red Sea coastline of Sudan, the Horn of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula.
T. c. kalbaensis - found throughout the southern Arabian Peninsula of Oman and the United Arab Emirates.
T. c. humii - found throughout coastal south Asia from eastern India into Bangladesh and Myanmar, and from here through the Malay Peninsula into northwest Sumatra.
T. c. vidali - restricted to coastal western India.
T. c. armstrongi - found from the interior of Myanmar throughout Indochina.
T. c. davisoni - endemic to the Coco and Andaman Islands.
T. c. occipitalis - endemic to the Nicobar Islands.
T. c. chloropterus - occurs throughout islands off the western coastline of Sumatra, from Simeulue south to Sipora.
T. c. azelus - endemic to Enggano, off the southwest coastline of Sumatra.
T. c. palmeri - found throughout Java and Bali, and north into Bawean and the Kangean Islands.
T. c. laubmannianus - found throughout Sumatra, Borneo and associated offshore islands.
T. c. collaris - endemic to the Philippines.
T. c. chloris - found throughout Sulawesi, Banggai and the Sula Islands, and east through the Lesser Sundas, Moluccas and West Papuan Islands into northwest New Guinea.
T. c. teraokai - endemic to the Palau Islands.

Photograph of a captive individual (T. c. kalbaensis) taken at Khor Kalba Mangroove Centre in the United Arab Emirates by @Jakub :



Photograph of a captive individual (T. c. humii) taken at Jurong Bird Park, Singapore by @Goura :



Photograph of a wild individual (T. c. armstrongi) taken in the grounds of Saigon Zoo, Vietnam by @Maguari :



Photograph of a wild individual (T. c. palmeri) taken at Bali Barat National Park, Bali by @Vision :



Photograph of a wild individual (T. c. laubmannianus) taken at Seligan Island, Borneo by @Writhedhornbill :



Photograph of a captive individual (T. c. chloris) taken at Weltvogelpark Walsrode, Germany by @ronnienl :




Beach Kingfisher (Todiramphus saurophagus)

Found throughout coastal regions of the northern Moluccas, the West Papuan Islands, northern and southeast New Guinea, the D’Entrecasteaux Islands, New Britain, the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

T. s. saurophagus - found throughout the range as above, barring the following.
T. g. admiralitatis - endemic to the Admiralty Islands in the northwest Bismarck Archipelago.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Mariana Kingfisher (Todiramphus albicilla)

The range of this species extends throughout the Northern Mariana Islands.

Three subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

T. a. owstoni - endemic to Asuncion, Agrihan, Pagan, Almagan.
T. a. albicilla - endemic to Saipan and Tinian.
T. a. orii - endemic to Rota.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Melanesian Kingfisher (Todiramphus tristrami)

The range of this species extends throughout the Bismarck Archipelago, the Solomon Islands and associated islands.

Seven subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

T. t. matthiae - endemic to St Matthias Island in the north-central Bismarck Archipelago.
T. t. stresemanni - endemic to the islands of the Dampier Straits between New Guinea and New Britain.
T. t. nusae - endemic to New Ireland, New Hanover and Feni Island in the eastern Bismarck Archipelago.
T. t. novaehiberniae - endemic to southern New Ireland and Djaul Island in the eastern Bismarck Archipelago.

T. t. bennetti - endemic to Nissan Island in the eastern Bismarck Archipelago.
T. t. tristrami - endemic to New Britain and associated offshore islets.
T. t. alberti - endemic to the western and central Solomon Islands.


No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Sombre Kingfisher (Todiramphus funebris)

Endemic to Halmahera in the northern Moluccas.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Talaud Kingfisher (Todiramphus enigma)

Endemic to the Talaud Islands.

Monotypic; no photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.


Cinnamon-banded Kingfisher (Todiramphus australasia)

The range of this species extends throughout the Lesser Sundas and Tanimbar Islands.

Five subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

T. a. australasia - found throughout the Lesser Sundas from Lombok to Wetar; absent from Sumbawa and Flores.
T. a. tringorum - endemic to Romang in the Lesser Sundas.
T. a. interpositus - endemic to Lei and Moa in the Lesser Sundas.
T. a. dammerianus - found throughout the eastern Lesser Sundas from Moa to Damar.
T. a. odites - endemic to the Tanimbar Islands.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.

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Caridonax


White-rumped Kingfisher (Caridonax fulgidus)

Found throughout the western and central Lesser Sundas.

Two subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

C. f. fulgidus - endemic to Lombok and Sumbawa
C. f. gracilirostris - endemic to Flores and Besar.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.

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Melidora


Hook-billed Kingfisher (Melidora macrorrhina)

Endemic to the West Papuan Islands and New Guinea.

Three subspecies are currently recognised, as follows:

M. m. waigiuensis - endemic to Waigeo in the West Papuan Islands.
M. m. macrorrhina - found throughout the West Papuan Islands, and from here through the Vogelkop Peninsula into southern and eastern New Guinea.
M. m. jobiensis - found throughout northern New Guinea, from Geelvink Bay to Astrolabe Bay.

No photographs of this taxon currently exist in the Zoochat gallery.

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