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Phylogenetic Reconstructions of Diptera

Phylogenetic Reconstructions of Diptera. a bioinformatics project on by Corey Hryc. my taxa. The following taxa will be studied an compared to other species to determine if they are monophyletic Brachycera (suborder of Diptera (fly), a type of insect) example - horse fly

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Phylogenetic Reconstructions of Diptera

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  1. Phylogenetic Reconstructions of Diptera • a bioinformatics project on • by Corey Hryc

  2. my taxa • The following taxa will be studied an compared to other species to determine if they are monophyletic • Brachycera (suborder of Diptera (fly), a type of insect) • example - horse fly • Nematocera (suborder of Diptera (fly), a type of insect) • example - mosquito

  3. Phylogenetic Views • Doing a general taxonomy NCBI search produces the following results. • Diptera can be divided into two subgroups • Brachycera • Nematocera

  4. Previous Literature • Analysis of Bernasconi’s paper on relationships of Diptera based on Mitochondrial DNA sequences • Mitochondrial DNA is a good molecular marker in wide range of taxa. • At a high taxa level there is a seperation between Nematocera and Brachycera. • Used rooted NJ tree, bootstrap values for 1000 replicates. Also used MP method to reconstruct trees. • Mega used to align sequences

  5. Previous Literature II • Oliveira’s paper discusses the evolution of the mitochondrial genome • Studied Haematobia irritans which has similar organization and stucture to Brachycera • mtDNA gene order of Brachycera differs from that of Nematocera by the inversion of trnS. • Condensed NJ tree, 5000 bootstrap replicates

  6. Previous Literature III • Yeates’ paper Congruence and Controversy discusses mistakes that previous literature has made when classifying Diptera • Diptera is species-rich and has diverse clades • Claims Nematocera (lower diptera) is paraphyletic with brachycera • Brachycera are undoubtedly monophyletic but relationships between basal lineages of this group are poorly understood. Recent hypothesis of relationships of lower Diptera (Nematocera).

  7. Questions to Research • Are Nematocera monophyletic (no previous studies have stated this)? • How do other spices relate to the two taxa? • Are the two taxa paraphyletic with respect to eachother?

  8. Works cited • Bernasconi MV, Valsangiacomo C, Piffaretti J.-C., and Ward PI. "Phylogenetic relationships among Muscodiea (Diptera: Calyptratae) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences." Insect Molecular Biology 9.1 (2000): 67-74. • Olivera MT, Barau JG, Martins Junqueria AC, et al. "Structure and evolution of the mitochondrial genomes of Haematobia irritan and Stomoxys calcitrans: The muscidae (Diptera: Calyptratae) perspective." Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48 (2008): 850-857. • Yeates DK, Wiegmann BM. "Congruence and Controversy: Toward a Higher-Level Phylogeny of Diptera." Annual Reviews Entomol. 44 (1999): 397-428.

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