The National Red List 2020-The Conservation Status of The Flora of Sri Lanka

Scientific Names in Red List 2012
Family/Scientific Name or Revised hand book to the flora Common Names NCS Criteria
of Ceylon
Blepharis integrifolia (L.f.) E.Mey. & Drège ex
LC
Schinz
Blepharis maderaspatensis (L.) B.Heyne ex Roth LC
Crossandra infundibuliformis subsp. arida B1ab(i,ii,iii)

CR
L.H.Cramer ▲ +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Crossandra infundibuliformis subsp. axillaris
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
(Nees) L.H.Cramer ▲
Crossandra infundibuliformis subsp. Crossandra infundibuliformis
LC
infundibuliformis (L.) Nees (L.) Nees
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dicliptera foetida (Forssk.) Blatt. Dicliptera zeylanica Nees CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dicliptera neesii (Trimen) L.H.Cramer LC
Dyschoriste madurensis (Brum.f.) Kuntze T: Paraddai VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dyschoriste nagchana (Nees) Bennet Dyschoriste depressa Nees T: Paduvan, Padvan LC
Ecbolium ligustrinum (Vahl) Vollesen LC
Elytraria acaulis (L.f.) Lindau LC
Eranthemum capense L. LC
Gymnostachyum ceylanicum Arn. & Nees NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Gymnostachyum hirsutum T.Anderson EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Gymnostachyum paniculatum T.Anderson VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Gymnostachyum sanguinolentum (Nees) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
T.Anderson +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Gymnostachyum thwaitesii T.Anderson CR(PE)
Hemigraphis latebrosa (B.Heyne ex Roth) Nees DD
Hygrophila schulli M.R.Almeida S: Katu-ikiriya;

Hygrophila auriculata (Schumach.) Heine LC
& S.M.Almeida T: Nirmulli
Hygrophila balsamica (L.f.) Raf. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hygrophila heinei Sreem # Hygrophila helodes Heine CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Hemiadelphis polysperma
Hygrophila polysperma (Roxb.) T.Anderson EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
(Roxb.) Nees
Hygrophila ringens (L.) R.Br. ex Spreng. S: Nil-puruk LC
Brillantaisia thwaitesii
Hygrophila thwaitesii (T.Anderson) Heine CR(PE)
(T.Anderson) L.H.Cramer
E: Malabar nut;
S: Adhathoda, Agal
Justicia adhatoda L. adara, Pavetta, LC
Wenepala,
T: Adhatodai, Pavettai
Justicia capitata (T.Anderson ex Hook.f.)
CR(PE)
L.H.Cramer
16
of Ceylon
Justicia ceylanica (Nees) T.Anderson VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Justicia hookeriana (Nees) T.Anderson EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Justicia scandens Vahl Justicia glabra J.Koenig ex Roxb. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Justicia tranquebariensis L.f. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lepidagathis ceylanica Nees CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Lepidagathis fasciculata (Retz.) Nees LC
Lepidagathis incurva var. lophostachyoides

Lepidagathis hyalina Nees EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
(Nees) Abeyw.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lepidagathis walkeriana Nees EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Monothecium aristatum (Nees) T.Anderson VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Nicoteba betonica (L.) Lindau Justicia betonica L. S: Sudu puruk LC
Phaulopsis imbricata (Forssk.)

Phaulopsis dorsiflora (Retz.) Santapau # NT
Sweet
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pseuderanthemum angustifolium Ridl. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pseuderanthemum latifolium (Vahl) B.Hansen NT
Ptyssiglottis sanguinolenta (Vahl) B.Hansen CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhinacanthus flavovirens Amaras. & Wijes. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz S: Anitta; T: Nagamulli LC
Rhinacanthus polonnaruwensis L.H.Cramer LC
Rostellularia diffusa var. diffusa (Willd.) Nees Justicia diffusa Willd. LC
Rostellularia diffusa var. prostrata (Roxb. ex Justicia prostrata (C.B.Clarke)

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
C.B.Clarke) J.L.Ellis Gamble
Justicia procumbens subsp. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rostellularia latispica (C.B.Clarke) Bremek.▲ EN
latispica (Clarke) Gamble +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rostellularia procumbens (L.) Nees Justicia procumbens L. S: Mayani LC
Rostellularia royeniana Nees Justicia royeniana (Nees) Clarke NT
Dipteracanthus patulus (Jacq.)

Ruellia patula Jacq. LC
Nees
Dipteracanthus prostratus (Poir.)
Ruellia prostrata Poir. S: Nil-puruk LC
Nees
Rungia apiculata Bedd. CR(PE)
Rungia longifolia subsp. latior B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Rungia latior Nees ▲ VU
(Nees) L.H.Cramer +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rungia longifolia Nees VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rungia pectinata (L.) Nees Rungia parviflora (Retz.) Nees LC
17
of Ceylon
Rungia repens (L.) Nees S: Sulu-nayi LC
Staurogyne zeylanica (Nees) Kuntze CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes adenophora Nees VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes anceps var. anceps Nees Strobilanthes anceps Nees LC
Strobilanthes arnottiana Nees CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes calycina Nees LC
Strobilanthes caudata T.Anderson EX
Stenosiphonium cordifolium var.

Strobilanthes cordifolia (Vahl) J.R.I.Wood S: Bu-nelu, Nelu; T: Nelu LC
cordifolium (Vahl) Alston
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes deflexa T.Anderson CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes diandra var. densa (C.B.Clarke) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
J.R.I.Wood ▲ +2ab (i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes diandra var. diandra (Nees) Strobilanthes diandra (Nees) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
VU
Alston Alston +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes exserta C.B.Clarke EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes gardneriana (Nees) T.Anderson CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes habracanthoides J.R.I.Wood VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes helicoides (Nees) T.Anderson EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes hookeri Nees LC
Strobilanthes hypericoides J.R.I.Wood CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes laxa T.Anderson EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes lupulina Nees LC
Strobilanthes nigrescens T.Anderson CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes nockii Trimen EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes pentandra J.R.I.Wood CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes pulcherrima T.Anderson LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes punctata Nees EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes rhamnifolia var. minor Terao ex B1ab(i,ii,iii)
CR
J.R.I.Wood ▲ +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes rhamnifolia var. rhamnifolia Strobilanthes rhamnifolia B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
(Nees) T.Anderson (Nees) T.Anderson +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes rhytisperma C.B.Clarke CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes sexennis var. arguta (Nees) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
Clarke ▲ +2ab(i,ii,iii)
18
of Ceylon
Strobilanthes sexennis var. cerinthoides (Nees) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
CR
Clarke ▲ +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes sexennis var. cordata
CR(PE)
J.R.I.Wood ▲
Strobilanthes sexennis var. glaberrima J.R.I. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
CR
Wood ▲ +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes sexennis var. hirtsutissima (Nees) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
C.B.Clarke.▲ +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes sexennis var. oblongifolia J.R.I.
CR(PE)
Wood ▲
Strobilanthes sexennis (Nees) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes sexennis var. sexennis Nees VU
T.Anders. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes stenodon C.B.Clarke EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes thwaitesii T.Anderson CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes vestita Nees VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes viscosa var. digitalis (Nees) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
C.B.Clarke ▲ +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes viscosa var. viscosa (Arn. ex Nees) Strobilanthes viscosa (Arn. ex B1ab(i,ii,iii)
VU
T.Anderson Nees) T.Anders. +2ab (i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes walkeri var. macrosperma B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
J.R.I.Wood ▲ +2ab (i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes walkeri Arn. ex
Strobilanthes walkeri var. walkeri Arn. ex Nees VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Nees
Strobilanthes willisii Carine CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Strobilanthes zeylanica T.Anderson VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Thunbergia fragrans Roxb. LC
Thunbergia laevis var. levis Wall. ex Nees Thunbergia laevis Wall. ex Nees S: Saban pitcha DD
Thunbergia laevis var. parviflora (Trimen)

CR(PE)
L.H.Cramer ▲
Thunbergia laevis var. vestita (Nees)
CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
L.H.Cramer ▲
Family: Achariaceae
S: Gomma, Makulla,
Patma;
Chlorocarpa pentaschista Alston VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Attuchankulai,
Attuchankular
Erythrospermum zeylanicum (Gaertn.) Alston LC
Hydnocarpus octandrus Thwaites Hydnocarpus octandra Gaertn. S: Wal-divul, Wal-dul LC
S: Makulu, Makulla,
Hydnocarpus venenatus Gaertn. Hydnocarpus venenata Gaertn. Makitiya; LC
T: Makul
S: Hal-milla, Keti-kesali,
Tetti gas, Titta-eta,
Trichadenia zeylanica Thwaites LC
Titta,Tolol
19
of Ceylon
Family: Aizoaceae
S: Maha-sarana;
Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) L. LC
T: Vankiruvilai
Trianthema portulacastrum L. S: Heen-sarana LC
Trianthema triquetra Rottler

Trianthema triquetrum Willd. ex Spreng. LC
ex Willd.
S: Maha-sarana;
Zaleya decandra (L.) Burm.f. Trianthema decandra L. NT
T: Charania
Family: Alismataceae
Caldesia oligococca var.

Albidella glandulosa (Thwaites) Lehtonen CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
echinata (F. Muell.) Buchenau
Limnophyton obtusifolium (L.) Miq. LC
Family: Amaranthaceae
S: Gas-karal-heba,
Karalsebo,
Achyranthes aspera L. Wal-karal-heba, LC
Wel-karal-sebo;
T: Nayururi
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Achyranthes bidentata Blume CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Achyranthes diandra Roxb. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Pol-kudu-pala,
Aerva javanica (Burm f.) Juss. ex Schult. Pol-pala; CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Sirm-pulai
Allmania nodiflora (L.) R.Br. ex Wight S: Wenni-wella, Kumatiya LC
S: Mukunu-wenna,
Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R.Br. ex DC. Mugunuwenna; LC
T: Ponankani
Atriplex repens Roth T: Elichchevi NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Celosia polygonoides Retz. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Celosia pulchella Moq. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Centrostachys aquatica (R.Br.) Moq. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyathula ceylanica Hook.f CR(PE)
S: Bin-karal-heba,
Cyathula prostrata (L.) Blume VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Bin-karal-sebo
Digera muricata (L.) Mart. T: Toggil NT
S: Tampala;
Nothosaerva brachiata (L.) Wight NT
T: Chirupilai
Ouret lanata (L.) Kuntze
Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. ex Schult. S: Pol-kudu-pala, Pol-pala LC
Psilotrichum elliotii Baker NT
Psilotrichum scleranthum Thwaites NT
20
of Ceylon
Pupalia lappacea var. lappacea (L.) Juss.▲ NT
Pupalia lappacea var. orbiculata (B.Heyne ex S: Wel-karal-heba;

Pupalia lappacea (L.) Juss. LC
Wall.) C.C.Towns. T: Kummidil, Pichu kodiya
Salicornia brachiata Roxb. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Umiri, Umuddi,
Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort. NT
Umunddi
Suaeda monoica Forssk. ex J.F.Gmel. NT
T: Umiri, Umuddi,
Suaeda vermiculata Forssk. ex J.F.Gmel. NT
Umunddi
Tecticornia indica (Willd.) K.A.Sheph. & Paul Halosarcia indica (Willd.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Kotanai EN
G.Wilson P.G.Wilson + 2ab(i,ii,iii)
Trichuriella monsoniae (L.f.) Bennet CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Amaryllidaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Allium hookeri Thwaites CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Crinum asiaticum L. S: Tolabo; T: Vichamunkil LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Crinum latifolium L. S: Goda-manel VU
+2ab( i,ii,iii)
Crinum viviparum (Lam.) R.Ansari & V.J.Nair Crinum defixum Ker-Gawl. S: Heen-tolabo LC
Crinum zeylanicum (L.) L. NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv
Pancratium biflorum Roxb. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv)
Pancratium parvum Dalzell * DD
Pancratium zeylanicum L. S: Wal-lunu LC
Family: Anacardiaceae
Buchanania axillaris (Desr.) Ramamoorthy S: Kiri-palu; T: Kolamau EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Campnosperma zeylanicum Thwaites S: Aridda LC
Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr. S: Hik; T: Odi LC
Mangifera pseudoindica Kosterm. DD
S: Etamba, Wal- amba;

Mangifera zeylanica (Blume) Hook.f. LC
T: Kaddu-ma
Nothopegia beddomei Gamble S: Andum, Bala Telageddi LC
Semecarpus acuminata
Semecarpus acuminatus Thwaites S: Badulla VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Thwaites
21
Scientific Names in Red List 2012 or
Family/Scientific Name Revised hand book to the flora of Common Names NCS Criteria
Ceylon
Semecarpus coriaceus Thwaites Semecarpus coriacea Thwaites S: Badulla VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Semecarpus gardneri Thwaites S: Badulla LC
Semecarpus marginatus Thwaites Semecarpus marginata Thwaites NT
Semecarpus moonii Thwaites NT
Semecarpus nigroviridis Thwaites S: Geta-badulla LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Semecarpus obovatus Moon ex Thwaites Semecarpus obovata Moon S: Kalu-badulla EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Semecarpus ochraceus Alston * DD
Semecarpus parvifolius Thwaites Semecarpus parvifolia Thwaites LC
Semecarpus pseudo-emarginata B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Semecarpus pseudoemarginatus Kosterm. CR
Kosterm. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Semecarpus pubescens Thwaites VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Semecarpus subpeltatus Thwaites Semecarpus subpeltata Thwaites S: Maha-badulla VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Semecarpus walkeri Hook.f. S: Badulla LC
E: Hog plum;
Spondias pinnata (L.f.) Kurz S: Wal amberella; DD
T: Ampallai
Spondias xerophila Kosterm. * S: Wal amberella VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Ancistrocladaceae
S: Gona-wel, B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ancistrocladus hamatus (Vahl) Gilg VU
Yakada-wel +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Anisophyllaceae
S: Weli-piyanna,
Anisophyllea cinnamomoides (Gardner &
Weli-penna NT
Champ.) Alston
Family: Annonaceae
Alphonsea hortensis H.Huber EW
Alphonsea lutea (Roxb.) Hook.f. & Thomson Alphonsea sclerocarpa Thwaites NT
Alphonsea zeylanica Hook.f. & Thomson VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Anaxagorea luzonensis A.Gray CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Artabotrys hexapetalus (L.f.) Bhandari S: Yakada-wel VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kalu-bambara-wel,
Artabotrys zeylanicus Hook.f. & Thomson Patika-wel, LC
Yakada-wel
S: I-petta, Kekala,
Cyathocalyx zeylanicus Champ. ex Hook.f. & Cyathocalyx zeylanica Champ. ex
Kotala, Ini-petta, LC
Thomson Hook.f. & Thoms.
Watti weti
22
of Ceylon
S: Kudu-mirissa, B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Desmos elegans (Thwaites) Saff. EN
Kukurmana +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Desmos zeylanica (Hook.f. &
Desmos zeylanicus (Hook.f. & Thomson) Saff. NT
Thoms.) Safford
Goniothalamus gardneri Hook.f. & Thomson S: Kalu-kera VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Goniothalamus hookeri Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Goniothalamus salicinus subsp. reticulatus Goniothalamus salicina Hook.f. B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
(Thwaites) H.Huber & Thoms. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Goniothalamus salicinus subsp. salicinus
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Hook.f. & Thomson ▲
Goniothalamus thomsonii Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Goniothalamus thwaitesii Hook.f. & Thomson S: Kalu-kera VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Polyalthia cerasoides (Roxb.)

Huberantha cerasoides (Roxb.) Chaowasku S: Patta-ul-kenda LC
Beddome
Polyalthia korinti (Dunal) S: Mi-wenna, Ul-kenda;
Huberantha korinti (Dunal) Chaowasku LC
Thwaites T: Uluvintai
Miliusa indica Lesch. ex A.DC. S: Kekili-messa LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Miliusa tomentosa (Roxb.) Finet & Gagnep. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Miliusa zeylanica Gardner ex Hook.f. &
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Thomson
Mitrephora heyneana (Hook.f. & Thomson)
NT
Thwaites
Monoon acuminatum (Thwaites) B.Xue & Enicosanthum acuminatum S: Ini-pettu, I-pettu, Mal
LC
R.M.K.Saunders (Thwaites) Airy Shaw lawulu, Malolu
Polyalthia coffeoides
Monoon coffeoides (Thwaites ex Hook.f. & S: Omara;
(Thwaites ex Hook.f. & LC
Thomson) B.Xue & R.M.K.Saunders T: Katilla, Nedunari
Thoms.) Thwaites
S: Devadara, I-petta,
Monoon longifolium (Sonn.) B.Xue & Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) O-lila, O-wila;
LC
R.M.K.Saunders Thwaites T: Assathi, Marai-illipa,
Mara-iluppai
Orophea zeylanica Hook.f. & Thomson CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Phoenicanthus coriacea (Thwaites) H.Huber S: Keku EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Phoenicanthus obliquus (Hook.f. & Thomson) Phoenicanthus obliqua (Hook.f.
NT
Alston & Thomson) Alston
Polyalthia moonii Thwaites CR B2ab (i,ii,iii)
Polyalthia persicifolia (Hook.f. & Thomson) Polyalthia persicaefolia B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
Bedd. (Hook.f. & Thoms.) Thwaites +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Polyalthia suberosa (Roxb.) Thwaites S: Kalati; T: Kalatti VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Sageraea thwaitesii Hook.f. & Thomson VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Sageraea zeylanica Heusden VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Uvaria littoralis (Blume) Blume Uvaria cordata (Dunal) Alston EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
23
Family/Scientific Name or Revised hand book to the Common Names NCS Criteria
flora of Ceylon
Uvaria macropoda Hook.f. & Thomson S: Attu-mudda NT
Uvaria narum (Dunal) Blume S: Panga VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Uvaria semecarpifolia Hook.f. & Thomson S: Kara-bambara LC
Uvaria sphenocarpa Hook.f. & Thomson LC
S: Palanga, Palu-kan;
Uvaria zeylanica L. T: Kalu-veppal, LC
Karu-veppal
Xylopia championii Hook.f. & Thomson S: Dat-ketiya LC
S: Heen-kenda;
Xylopia nigricans Hook.f. & Thomson NT
T: See-vindai
Xylopia parvifolia (Wight) Hook. S: Atu-ketiya, Netawu;

Xylopia patoniae I.M.Turner LC
f. & Thoms. T: Chiddavintai
Family: Apiaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Bupleurum hakgalense Klack. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Bupleurum ramosissimum Wight & Arn. S: Wal-enduru VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Gotukola,
Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. Heen-gotukola; LC
T: Vallarai
Peucedanum ceylanicum Gardner CR(PE)
Pimpinella heyneana (DC.) Benth. & Hook.f. S: Wal-asamodagam LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pimpinella leschenaultii DC. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sanicula elata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don CR(PE)
Tetrataenium ceylanicum (Gardner ex Heracleum ceylanicum Gardner B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
C.B.Clarke) Manden. ex Clarke +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Apocynaceae
Aganosma cymosa (Roxb.) G.Don S: Muwa-kiri-wel LC
S: Ruk-attana, Eth-mada;
Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. T: Elilaipattai, Elilaippalai, LC
Mukanpelai
Anodendron paniculatum A.DC.
Anodendron parviflorum (Roxb.) I.M.Turner Anodendron rhinosporum S: As-wel, Dul, Girandi-ul VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Thwaites
Boucerosia indica (Wight & Arn.) Plowes * DD
Boucerosia umbellata (Haw.) Wight & Arn. Caralluma umbellata Haw. S: Weluk EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Ela-wara, Hela-wara,
Mudu-wara, Wara;
Calotropis gigantea (L.) W.T.Aiton LC
T: Errukalai, Manakkovil,
Urukkovil
24
of Ceylon
Caralluma adscendens (Roxb.)
Caralluma fimbriata Wall. # T: Mankalli CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Haw.
S: Maha-karamba;
Carissa carandas L. DD
T: Kalaka, Perunkila
S: Heen-karamba;
Carissa spinarum L. Carissa inermis Vahl T: Chirukila, Chirukula, LC
Kilatti
Catharanthus pusillus (Murray) G.Don EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Gon-kaduru;
Cerbera odollam Gaertn. LC
T: Nangi-ma
Ceropegia candelabrum subsp. S: Muttu-pala,
Ceropegia candelabrum var. biflora (L.) Ansari ▲ LC
tuberosa (Roxb.) Huber Wel-mottu
S: Muttu-pala,
Ceropegia candelabrum var. candelabrum L. Ceropegia candelabrum L. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Wel-mottu
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ceropegia elegans Wall. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ceropegia gardneri Thwaites* DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ceropegia juncea Roxb. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Brachystelma lankana B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ceropegia lankana (Dassan. & Jayas.) Bruyns CR
Dassanayake & Jayasuriya +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ceropegia parviflora Trimen CR(PE)
Ceropegia taprobanica H.Huber CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ceropegia thwaitesii Hook. CR(PE)
S: Bu-kiri-wel,
Chonemorpha fragrans (Moon) Alston Bu-wal-anguna, VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eulu-wel-anguna
Cleghornia acuminata Wight VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cosmostigma racemosum
Cosmostigma cordatum (Poir.) M.R.Almeida CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
(Roxb.) Wight
Cryptolepis buchananii Roem.&
Cryptolepis dubia (Burm.f.) M.R.Almeida S: Kiri-vel, Wel-rukattana VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Schult.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cynanchum alatum Wight & Arn. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cynanchum annularium (Roxb.) Liede & Holostemma annulare (Roxb.)
CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Khanum K.Schum.
B2ab(i,ii,iii),
Cynanchum tunicatum (Retz.) Alston S: Kan-kumbala EN
A2
Cynanchum viminale subsp. brunonianum Sarcostemma brunonianum S: Mudukanda,
NT
(Wight & Arn.) Meve & Liede Wight & Arn. ex Wight. Muwakeeriya
Dischidia nummularia R.Br. CR(PE)
Gymnema pergularioides B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Gymnema cuspidatum (Thunb.) Kuntze VU
(Thwaites) Hook.f. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Gymnema rotundatum Thwaites CR(PE)
Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm. S: Mas-bedda,

VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Muva-kiri-vel
25
of Ceylon
S: Heen-iramusu,
Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R.Br. LC
Iramusu; T: Nannari
Heterostemma tanjorense Wight & Arn. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Holarrhena mitis (Vahl) R.Br. ex Roem. & S: Kalinda, Kiri-mawara,

VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Schult. Kiri-walla; T: Kuluppalai
Hoya ovalifolia Wight & Arn. S: Gonu-ke VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hoya pauciflora Wight S: Heen-aramessa EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Hunteria zeylanica ( Retz.) Gardner ex Thwaites S: Mediya, Wal-mediya NT
S: Gerandi-dul,
Ichnocarpus frutescens ( L.) W.T.Aiton Gerandi-wel, Gopi, LC
Kiri-wel, Priyawarna
Leptadenia reticulata (Retz.) Wight & Arn. T: Pala, Palai LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Marsdenia brunoniana Wight & Arn. S: Et-anguna CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Gymnema lactiferum (L.) R.Br.
Marsdenia lactifera (L.) I.M.Turner T: Kurinnan NT
ex Schult.
Marsdenia tenacissima (Roxb.) Moon T: Muruva, Muruwa-Dul EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Balu-eta, Gonna, B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Ochrosia oppositifolia (Lam.) K.Schum. EN
Mudu-kaduru +2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Usepale;
Oxystelma esculentum (L.f.) Sm. LC
T: Kulappalai
S: Kiri-anguna,
Parsonsia alboflavescens (Dennst.) Mabb. LC
Val-anguna
Pentatropis capensis (L.f.) Bullock LC
S: Langali,
Maha-meda-hangu,
Pergularia daemia (Forssk.) Chiov. LC
Meda-hangu, Wissani;
T: Uttamakam, Veliparatii
S: Kukul-kaduru,
Petchia ceylanica (Wight) Livera Wasa-kaduru, NT
Wal-kaduru
S: Ekaweriya, Nakula,
Rath-ekaweriya; B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz EN
T: Chivan-ampelpodi, +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Covannamilpori
Rauvolfia densiflora (Wall.)
Rauvolfia verticillata (Lour.) Baill. LC
Benth. ex Hook.f.
Secamone emetica (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm. S: Mudu-kiriya LC
E: Eve’s apple,
Pagiantha dichotoma (Roxb.) Forbidden fruit;
Tabernaemontana dichotoma Roxb. ex Wall. LC
Markgraf S: Divi kaduru;
T: Nanthia-vattai
Toxocarpus kleinii Wight & Arn. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Vallaris solanacea (Roth) Kuntze EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Vincetoxicum bracteatum (Thunb.) Meve & Tylophora pauciflora Wight & B1ab(i,ii,iii)
CR
Liede Arn. ex Wight +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Vincetoxicum cordifolium (Thwaites) Kuntze Tylophora cordifolia Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
26
of Ceylon
Vincetoxicum fasciculatum (Buch.-Ham. ex Tylophora fasciculata Buch.
CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Wight) Kuntze -Ham. ex Wight
Vincetoxicum flexuosum var. tenuis (Blume) Tylophora tenuissima (Roxb.)
LC
Schneidt, Meve & Liede Wight & Arn. ex Wight
Vincetoxicum indicum var. glabrum (Decne.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Mudu-bin-nuga EN
A.Kidyoo▲ +2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Wild ipecacuanha;
S: Bim-nuga, Bin-nuga,
Vincetoxicum indicum var. indicum (Burm.f.) Tylophora indica (Burm.f.) Merr.
Mi-nuga; LC
Mabb.
T: Nancharapanchan,
Pey-Palai
Vincetoxicum indicum var. intermedium
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
(M.A.Rahman & Wilcock) Meve & Liede *
Tylophora multiflora (Wight &
Vincetoxicum iphisia Meve & Liede CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Arn. ex Wight) Alston
Vincetoxicum zeylanicum (Decne.) Meve &
Tylophora zeylanica Decne CR(PE)
Liede
S: Anguna, Anukkola,
Kiri-anguna,
Wattakaka volubilis (L.f.) Stapf LC
Thitha-anguna;
T: Kodi-Palai, Kurincha
Willughbeia cirrhifera Abeyw. S: Kiri-gedi, Kiri-wel EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Wrightia angustifolia Thwaites T: Velai-pal-madankai LC
Walidda antidysenterica (L.) S: Idda, Kelidha,

Wrightia antidysenterica (L.) R.Br. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pichon Sudu-idda, Wal-idda
Wrightia arborea (Dennst.) Mabb. T: Pal-madankai NT
Wrightia flavidorosea Trimen CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Wrightia puberula (Thwaites) Ngan CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Aponogetonaceae
Aponogeton crispus Thunb. S: Kekatiya VU B2ab(iii,v)
B1b (iii,iv),
C (iv)
Aponogeton dassanayakei Manaw. & Yakand.* EN
+2b(iii,iv),
C (iv)
Aponogeton jacobsenii de Wit S: Kekatiya CR B1a
Aponogeton kannangarae M.A.Silva, B1ab(ii,iii,v)

CR
Deshaprema & Manamperi * +2ab(ii,iii,v)
B2ab(iii,v),
Aponogeton natans (L.) Engl. & Krause T: Koddi EN
C(iii,iv)
Aponogeton rigidifolius H.Bruggen S: Kekatiya, Kokati CR B1b(ii,iii,iv,v)
Family: Aquifoliaceae
BIab(iii,iv)
Ilex denticulata Wall. ex Wight EN
+2ab(iii,iv)
B1ab(iii,iv)
Ilex knucklesensis Philcox EN
+2ab(iii,iv)
27
of Ceylon
Ilex walkeri Wight & Gardner ex Thwaites LC
Ilex zeylanica (Hook.f.) Maxim. S: Andun-wenna NT
Family: Araceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Alocasia fornicata (Roxb.) Schott CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.)
S: Kidaran; T: Karunai CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Nicolson
Amorphophallus sylvaticus (Roxb.) Kunth T: Karunai NT
Arisaema constrictum E.Barnes CR(PE)
Arisaema leschenaultii Blume S: Wal-kidaran VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott S: Wal-kidaran EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott E: Taro; S: Gahala LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cryptocoryne alba de Wit CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cryptocoryne beckettii Thuill. ex Trim. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cryptocoryne bogneri Rataj CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cryptocoryne nevillii Trimen EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cryptocoryne parva de Wit EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cryptocoryne thwaitesii Schott EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cryptocoryne undulata Wendt CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cryptocoryne walkeri Schott CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cryptocoryne waseri Kettner CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cryptocoryne wendtii de Wit VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cryptocoryne x willisii Reitz CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Lagenandra bogneri de Wit S: Wana-kethala CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lagenandra dewitii Crusio & A.de Graaf * DD
Lagenandra erosa de Wit CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lagenandra jacobsenii de Wit EN +2ab(i,ii,iii),
A2d
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lagenandra koenigii (Schott) Thwaites EN +2ab(i,ii,iii),
A2d
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lagenandra lancifolia (Schott) Thwaites S: Ati-udayan EN +2ab(i,ii,iii),
A2d
28
flora of Ceylon
Lagenandra ovata (L.) Thwaites S: Kethala LC
Lagenandra praetermissa de Wit S: Kethala LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lagenandra thwaitesii Engl. S: Ridi kethala EN +2ab(i,ii,iii),
A2d
S: Angili kohila, Kohila,
Lasia spinosa (L.) Thwaites Maha-kohila LC
Lemna minor L. # Lemna perpusilla Torrey S: Diya-panshi DD
E: Water lettuce;
Pistia stratiotes L. LC
S: Diya-paradel
Pothos hookeri Schott VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pothos parvispadix Nicolson EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pothos remotiflorus Hook. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pothos scandens L. S: Pota-wel LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Remusatia vivipara (Roxb.) Schott VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhaphidophora decursiva (Roxb.) Schott S: Dada-kehel, Wel-kohila CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhaphidophora pertusa (Roxb.) Schott S: Nil-walla, Nil-wella EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid. NT
Theriophonum minutum (Willd.) Baill. LC
Typhonium flagelliforme (G.Lodd.) Blume S: Panu-ala DD
Typhonium roxburghii Schott S: Panu-ala, Polong-ala NT
Typhonium trilobatum (L.) Schott S: Panu-ala LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Wolffia arrhiza (L.) Horkel ex Wimm. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Araliaceae
Aralia leschenaultii (DC.) J.Wen DD
Hydrocotyle javanica Thunb. S: Maha-gotukola NT
Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Polyscias acuminata (Wight) Seem. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Schefflera emarginata (Moon) Harms VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Schefflera exaltata (Thwaites) Frodin EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Schefflera heterobotrya Frodin S: Ittha VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
29
of Ceylon
S: Ittha, Itta-wel,
Schefflera stellata (Gaertn.) Baill. LC
Maha-itta-wel
Family: Arecaceae
S: Lenatheriya, Lenteri, B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Areca concinna Thwaites EN
Lenteri-puwak +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Calamus delicatulus Thwaites S: Nara-wel EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Calamus digitatus Becc. S: Kukulu-wel VU +2ab(i,ii,iii),
CC1
S: Ela-wel, Ela-wewel,
Calamus rivalis Thwaites ex
Calamus metzianus Schltdl. Kaha-wewel VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Trimen
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Sudu-wewel,
Calamus ovoideus Thwaites ex Trimen VU +2ab(i,ii,iii),
Tambutu-wel, Thudarena
CC1
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Calamus pachystemonus Thwaites S: Kukulu-wel EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Heen-wewel, B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Calamus pseudotenuis Becc. VU
Kola-hangala +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Calamus radiatus Thwaites S: Kukulu-wel VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Heen-wewel,
Polonnaru-wewel,
Calamus rotang L. NT
Wewel;
T: Pirambu
S: Kath-wel, Ma-wewel,
Puwak-wel, B1ab(i,ii,iii),
Calamus thwaitesii Becc. VU
Wanduru-wel; A2d
T: Periya pirambu
Calamus zeylanicus Becc. S: Thambotu-wel EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Fish tail palm;

Caryota urens L. S: Kitul; LC
T: Kitul-tippilipana
Loxococcus rupicola (Thwaites) H.Wendl. & S: Dotalu-gas, Dothalu, B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
Drude Ran-dotalu +2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Water coconut;
Nypa fruticans Wurmb VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Gin-pol
Oncosperma fasciculatum Thwaites S: Katu-kitul, Rata-kitul VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Phoenix pusilla Gaertn. S: Indi; T: Inchu LC
Family: Aristolochiaceae
S: Sapsanda;
Aristolochia bracteolata Lam. T: Aduthinnapalai, NT
Adutintappalai
E: Indian birth worth;
S: Sapsanda;
T: Adagam, Isadesatti,
Isuru, Isurumli, Isuruver,
Aristolochia indica L. LC
Iyavari, Karudakkodi,
Kirttikodi, Neya,
Perumarrrindu,
Sasugade
S: Thapasara bulath,
Thottea siliquosa (Lam.) Ding Hou Thapasa bulath LC
30
of Ceylon
Family: Asparagaceae
Asparagus falcatus L. S: Hatawariya LC
Asparagus gonoclados Baker VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Hathawariya;
Asparagus racemosus Willd. LC
T: Chattavari
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Chlorophytum heynei Baker CR
+2ab( i,ii,iii)
Chlorophytum laxum R.Br. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Chlorophytum tuberosum (Roxb.) Baker EN
+2ab( i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dipcadi montanum (Dalzell) Barker CR
+2ab( i,ii,iii)
Dracaena thwaitesii Regel LC
E: Bow-string hemp;
Dracaena zeylanica (L.) Mabb. Sansevieria zeylanica (L.) Willd. S: Niyanda; NT
T: Maral
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Drimia indica (Roxb.) Jessop CR
+2ab( i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Drimia rupicola (Trimen) Dassan. EN
+2ab( i,ii,iii)
Scilla hyacinthina (Routh)
Ledebouria revoluta (L.f.) Jessop NT
Macbridge
Ophiopogon intermedius D.Don LC
Family: Asphodelaceae
Dianella ensifolia (L.) Redouté S: Monara-petan LC
Family: Asteraceae
Vernonia gardneri var. brevior B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Acilepis gardneri var. brevior Grierson CR
Grierson +2ab (i,ii,iii)
Acilepis gardneri var. gardneri (Thwaites) Vernonia gardneri var. gardneri B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
H.Rob. & Skvarla Thwaites +2ab (i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Acilepis nemoralis (Thwaites) H.Rob. & Skvarla Vernonia nemoralis Thwaites EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Acilepis scariosa (DC.) H.Rob. Vernonia lankana Grierson EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Acilepis setigera (Arn.) H.Rob. & Skvarla Vernonia setigera Arn. NT
Acilepis thwaitesii (C.B.Clarke) H.Rob. & B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Vernonia thwaitesii C.B.Clarke EN
Skvarla +2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Toothache plant;
Acmella calva (DC.) R.K.Jansen Spilanthes calva DC. LC
S: Maha akmella
Spilanthes paniculata Wall. ex
Acmella paniculata (Wall. ex DC.) R.K.Jansen LC
DC.
Spilanthes iabadicensis
Acmella uliginosa (Sw.) Cass. LC
A.H.Moore
Adenostemma angustifolium
Adenostemma lavenia var. angustifolium (C.B. Arn.
DD
Clarke) Koster
31
of Ceylon
Adenostemma lavenia var. lavenia (L.)Kuntz Adenostemma lavenia (L.) Kuntze S: Laveniya VU B1ab (i,ii,iii)
Adenostemma lavenia var. reticulatum (DC.) Adenostemma macrophyllum B1ab(i,ii,iii)

CR
Panigrahi (Blume) DC. + 2ab(i,ii,iii)
Adenostemma madurense DC. * DD
Adenostemma parviflorum (Blume) DC. DD
Anaphalis “species X” Grierson DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Anaphalis brevifolia DC. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Anaphalis fruticosa Hook.f. CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Anaphalis marcescens (Wight) C.B.Clarke EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Anaphalis pelliculata Trimen EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Anaphalis pseudocinnamomea Grierson EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Anaphalis subdecurrens Gamble NT
Anaphalis sulphurea (Trimen) Grierson NT
Anaphalis thwaitesii C.B.Clark EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Anaphalis zeylanica C.B.Clarke NT
E: Mugwort;
Artemisia indica Willd. # Artemisia dubia Wall. ex Bess LC
S: Wal-kolondu
Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff LC
Blainvillea acmella (L.) Philipson S: Agada,Tumba LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Blepharispermum petiolare DC. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Blumea angustifolia Thwaites EX
Blumea axillaris DC. S: Kukula LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Blumea barbata DC. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Blumea bifoliata (L.) DC. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Blumea crinita Arn. CR
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Blumea hieracifolia var. flexuosa (C.B.Clarke) Blumea hieracifolia var. flexuosa
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Randeria (D.Don) DC.
Blumea lacera (Burm.f.) DC. LC
Blumea lanceolaria Druce NT
S: Muda-mahana;
Blumea obliqua (L.) Druce LC
T: Nara-karamba
Blumea virens DC. NT
32
Family/Scientific Name or Revised hand book to the flora Common Names NCS
of Ceylon Criteria
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Blumea zeylanica Grierson CR
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
S: Heen-kimbu, Visa
Centipeda minima (L.) A.Br. & Asch.▲ chunniya, Visaduli; DD
T: Marukolunthu
Cissampelopsis corymbosa (Wall. ex DC.) Senecio corymbosus Wall. ex
LC
C.Jeffrey & Y.L.Chen DC.
Cissampelopsis walkeri var. floccosa Vanij. & B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
Kadereit * + 2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cissampelopsis walkeri var. walkeri (Arn.) C. B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
Jeffrey & Y.L.Chen * + 2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Mangul-kumburu
venna,
Monarakudumbiya
Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.Rob. Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. Vatu-pala; LC
T: Chitiviyarchenkalainir,
Neichatti-kirai, Neichatti
pillu, Neisudi-kirai
Cyanthillium hookerianum (Arn.) H.Rob. Vernonia hookeriana Arn. NT
Dichrocephala integrifolia subsp. integrifolia

S: Maha-kimbulwenna VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
(L.f.) Kuntze*
S: Et-adi;
Elephantopus scaber L. LC
T: Anichovadi
Emilia alstonii Fosberg LC
Emilia baldwinii Fosberg NT
S: Hulan-Tala, Kadupara;
T: Elunthani, Ilaip,
Emilia exserta Fosberg LC
Inumpatti-pillu,
Musalkal-pillu, Patti
Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. S: Kadu pahara LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Emilia speeseae Fosberg VU
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Emilia zeylanica var. walkeri (Hook.f.) Trimen▲ EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Emilia zeylanica var. zeylanica C.B.Clarke Emilia zeylanica C.B.Clarke EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Epaltes divaricata (L.) Cass. S: Heen-mudu-mahana LC
Epaltes pygmaea DC. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Erigeron sublyratus Roxb. ex DC. T: Nara-karamba VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Glossocardia bidens (Retz.) Veldkamp Glossogyne bidens (Retz.) Alston CR(PE)
Grangea maderaspatana (L.) Poir. NT
Vernonia pectiniformis subsp. B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Gymnanthemum pectiniforme (DC.) H.Rob. EN
puncticulata (DC.) Grierson + 2ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Mookuthi, Pangi pillu,
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Gynura hispida Thwaites Singula tunda, Thandu CR
+ 2ab(i,ii,iii)
cheddi, Pattu-nal
33
of Ceylon
Gynura lycopersicifolia subsp. lycopersicifolia B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Gynura lycopersicifolia DC. CR
DC. + 2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Hulan-tala, Wal
tampala;
Gynura lycopersicifolia subsp.
T: Mookuthi, Pangi Pillu, LC
taprobanensis Grierson▲
Pattu-nal, Singula, Tunda,
Thandu cheddi
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Gynura zeylanica Trimen EN
+ 2ab(i,ii,iii)
Helichrysum buddlejoides var. hookerianum B1ab(i,ii,iii)
VU
(Wight & Arn.) Hook.f. +2ab (i,ii,iii)
S: Heen-botiya, Papula,
Jeffreycia zeylanica (L.) H.Rob., S.C.Keeley &
Vernonia zeylanica (L.) Less Pupula; LC
Skvarla
T: Kappilay, Kuppilay
Kleinia grandiflora (Wall. ex DC.) N.Rani NT
Notonia walkeri (Wight)

Kleinia walkeri (C.B.Clarke) Uniyal CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
C.B.Clarke
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lagenophora lanata A.Cunn.# Lagenophora gracilis Steetz EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Laggera alata (DC.) Sch.Bip. ex Oliv. VU
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Launaea intybacea (Jacq.) Beauverd VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Launaea sarmentosa (Willd.) Kuntze LC
Moonia heterophylla Arn. NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Myriactis wightii DC. VU
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Blumea membranacea Wall.
Pluchea paniculata (Willd.) Karthik. & Moorthy NT
ex DC.
Pseudoconyza viscosa (Mill.) D’Arcy EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Psiadia ceylanica (Arn.) Grierson S: Pupula LC
Senecio gardneri (Thwaites) C.B.Clarke CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Senecio ludens C.B.Clarke LC
Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham.

Senecio scandens var. incisus Franch. NT
ex D.Don
Senecio zeylanicus DC. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sigesbeckia orientalis L.▲ NT
Sphaeranthus africanus L. S: Vel-mudda LC
Sphaeranthus amaranthoides Burm.f. T: Chiva-charantai EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Aet-maha-mahana,
Sphaeranthus indicus L. LC
Mudu mahana
Wedelia chinensis (Osbeck)
Sphagneticola calendulacea (L.) Pruski S: Ranwan kikirindi LC
Merr.
S: Kobo-mella, Mal
Strobocalyx arborea (Buch.-Ham.) Sch.Bip. Vernonia arborea Buch.-Ham. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
gedumba
34
of Ceylon
Uniyala anceps (C.B.Clarke ex Hook.f.) H.Rob. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Vernonia anceps C.B.Clarke EN
& Skvarla +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Uniyala wightiana (Arn.) H.Rob. & Skvarla Vernonia wightiana Arn. S: Konde VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Vicoa indica (L.) DC. S: Ran-hiriya LC
Wollastonia biflora (L.) DC. Wedelia biflora (L.) DC. S: Moodu-gam-palu LC
Youngia fuscipappa Thwaites NT
Family: Balanophoraceae
Balanophora fungosa subsp. indica (Arn.) Balanophora fungosa J.R. & G. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
B.Hansen Forst. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Balsaminaceae
S: Diya-kudalu,
Hydrocera triflora (L.) Wight & Arn. LC
Wal-kudalu
A2;
Impatiens acaulis Arn. E: Balsam VU
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens appendiculata Arn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens arnottii Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens ciliifolia subsp. ciliifolia Grey- B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens ciliifolia Grey-Wilson EN
Wilson +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens ciliifolia subsp. sinharajensis Grey- B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
Wilson ▲ +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens cornigera Arn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens cuspidata subsp. bipartita (Arn.)

LC
Grey-Wilson
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens elongata Arn. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens flaccida Arn. S: Kudalu mal NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens grandis B.Heyne EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens henslowiana Arn. VU
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens janthina Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens leptopoda Arn. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens leucantha Thwaites CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens linearis Arn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens macrophylla Gardner ex Hook. VU
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Impatiens oppositifolia L. NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens repens Moon ex Wight S: Gal-demata EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens subcordata Arn. CR
+ 2ab(i,ii,iii)
35
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens taprobanica Hiern EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens thwaitesii Hook.f. ex Grey-Wilson VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Impatiens truncata Thwaites NT
Impatiens walkeri Hook. ex Arn. CR(PE)
Family: Basellaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Basella alba L. S: Niviti; T: Pasalai EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Begoniaceae
Begonia cordifolia (Wight) Thwaites S: Gal-ambala VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Begonia dipetala R.Graham EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Hak-ambala,
Begonia malabarica Lam. NT
Maha-hak-ambala
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Begonia subpeltata Wight CR
+2ab( i,ii,iii)
Begonia tenera var. tenera Dryand. Begonia tenera Dryand. S: Bim-hak-ambala EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Begonia tenera var. thwaitesii (Hook.) Jayas.▲ EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Berberidaceae
Berberis ceylanica C.K.Schneid. E: Barberry VU CC2a(i)
Berberis tinctoria Lesch. E: Barberry DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Berberis wightiana C.K.Schneid. E: Barberry CR
+2ab( i,ii,iii)
Family: Bignoniaceae
S: Diya-danga;
Dolichandrone spathacea (L.f.) Seem. NT
T: Vil-padri
Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz S: Totila LC
Stereospermum chelonoides (L.f.) DC. Stereospermum suaveolens DC. S: Ela-palol, Palol DD
S: Dunu-madala, Lunu
Stereospermum colais (Dillwyn)
Stereospermum tetragonum DC. madala; LC
Mabb.
T: Padri
Family: Boraginaceae
Coldenia procumbens L. T: Chirupaddi LC
S: Lolu;
Cordia dichotoma G.Forst. LC
T: Naruvilli, Vidi
S: Bijupath lolu;
Cordia monoica Roxb. LC
T: Naruvili, Ponnaruvili
Cordia oblongifolia Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
36
of Ceylon
Cordia quercifolia Klotzsch Cordia nevillii Alston CR(PE)
Cordia sinensis Lam. VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cordia subcordata Lam. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cynoglossum zeylanicum (Sw. ex Lehm.) Cynoglossum furcatum (Sw. ex B1ab(i,ii,iii)

S: Bu-katu-henda VU
Thunb. ex Brand Lehm.) Thunb. ex Brand +2ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Addula,
Ehretia aspera Willd. Ehretia laevis Roxb. LC
Chiru-pulichchul
S: Heen-thambala;
Ehretia microphylla Lam. Carmona retusa (Vahl) Masam. LC
T: pakkuvetti
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Heliotropium arboreum (Blanco) Mabb. Tournefortia argentea L. f. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Heliotropium marifolium J.Koenig ex Retz. Heliotropium scabrum Retz. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Heliotropium supinum L. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Heliotropium zeylanicum (Burm.f.) Lam. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rotula aquatica Lour. DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Tournefortia walkerae C.B.Clarke CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Trichodesma indicum (L.) Sm. T: Kavil-tumpai NT
Trichodesma zeylanicum (Burm.f.) R.Br. LC
Family: Brassicaceae
Cardamine africana L.▲ DD
T: Kadagooppulloo,
Cardamine hirsuta L.▲ DD
Kadukuppillu
Family: Burmanniaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Burmannia championii Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Burmannia coelestis D.Don EN +2ab(i,ii,iii)
+CC2a
Burmannia disticha L. S: Mediya-jawala NT
Burmannia pusilla (Miers) Thwaites NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Thismia gardneriana Hook.f. ex Thwaites CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Burseraceae
S: Dik-kakuna, Kekuna;
Canarium zeylanicum (Retz.) Blume VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Pakkilipal
37
of Ceylon
Commiphora berryi (Arn.) Engl. T: Mulkiluvai EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Commiphora caudata (Wight & Arn.) Engl. T: Kilivai LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Scutinanthe brunnea Thwaites S: Maha-bulu- mora EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Buxaceae
Sarcococca brevifolia (Muell. B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Sarcococca coriacea (Hook.) Sweet VU
Arg.) Stapf ex Gamble +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sarcococca zeylanica Baill VU B1ab(I,ii,iii)
Family: Cactaceae
Rhipsalis baccifera subsp. mauritiana (DC.) Rhipsalis baccifera (J.S.Mueller)

S: Wal-nawahandi NT
Barthlott. Stearn
Family: Calophyllaceae
S: Batu-keena,
Calophyllum acidus Kosterm. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dehi-keena
Calophyllum bracteatum Thwaites S: Walu-keena NT
S: Guru-keena,
Calophyllum calaba var. calaba L.# Calophyllum calaba L. Heen keena; DD
T: Chirupunnai
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Calophyllum cordato-oblongum Thwaites S: Kalu-keena EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Calophyllum cuneifolium Thwaites S: Keena CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Alexandrian laurel;
S: Domba, Tel-domba;
Calophyllum inophyllum L. LC
T: Dommakottai, Punnai,
Punnaigam
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Calophyllum lankaensis Kosterm. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Domba-keena,
Calophyllum moonii Wight VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Mapal keena
Calophyllum thwaitesii Planch. & Triana S: Batu-keena VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Keena, Tel-keena;
Calophyllum tomentosum Wight VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Pongu
Calophyllum zeylanicum
Calophyllum trapezifolium Thwaites S: Keena VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Kosterm.
Calophyllum vergens P.F.Stevens * DD
S: Keena, Tel-keena;
Calophyllum walkeri Wight VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Pongu
Mesua ferrea L. S: Na; T: Naka LC
Mesua nagassarium var.

B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Mesua pulchella Planch. & Triana ▲ pulchella (Planch. & Triana) EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Trimen
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Mesua stylosa (Thwaites) Kosterm. S: Suwanda CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Mesua thwaitesii Planch. & Triana S: Diya-na LC
38
of Ceylon
Family: Campanulaceae
Asyneuma fulgens (Wall.) Briq. CR(PE)
Campanula benthamii Wall. ex

Campanula dimorphantha Schweinf. CR(PE)
Kitam.
Lobelia alsinoides Lam. LC
Lobelia heyneana Schult. LC
Lobelia leschenaultiana (C.Presl) Skottsb. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Lobelia nicotianifolia Roth S: Rasni LC
Lobelia walkeri (C.B.Clarke) W.J.de Wilde &

DD
Duyfjes *
Lobelia zeylanica L. LC
Wahlenbergia marginata (Thunb.) A.DC. E: Hare-bell LC
Family: Cannabaceae
Aphananthe cuspidata (Blume) Planch. S: Wal-munamal VU B1ab(I,ii,iii)
S: Meditella;
Celtis philippensis Blanco LC
T: Vellathorasay
S: Gurenda;
Celtis timorensis Span. LC
T: Pinari
Gironniera parvifolia Planch. S: Akmediya LC
E: Charcoal tree;
Trema orientale (L.) Blume LC
S: Gadumba
Family: Capparaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cadaba fruticosa (L.) Druce T: Vili EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Maya adikkuruntu,
Cadaba trifoliata (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Oothi perali
Capparis brevispina DC. S: Wal-dehi NT
Capparis divaricata Lam. S: Torikei LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Capparis floribunda Wight CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Capparis grandis L.f. T: Mudkondai VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Capparis moonii Wight S: Rudanti EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Balal-katu;
Capparis rotundifolia Rottler T: Karunchurai, LC
Pichchuvilatti
S: Kalu-illan-gedi;
Capparis roxburghii DC. T: Punai-virandi, LC
Velungiriya
S: Rila-katu;
Capparis sepiaria L. LC
T: Karunchurai
39
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Capparis tenera Dalz. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Sudu-welangiriya,
Capparis zeylanica L. Welangiriya; LC
T: Kattoddi, Vennachchi
Crateva adansonii subsp. odora (Buch.-Ham.) S: Lunu-warana;
Crateva adansonii D.C. LC
Jacobs. T: Navala, Navilankai
Maerua arenaria Hook.f. & Thomson NT
Family: Caprifoliaceae
Dipsacus walkeri Arn. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Valeriana moonii Arn. ex C.B.Clarke CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Caryophyllaceae
Cerastium indicum Wight &

Cerastium lanceolatum (Poir.) Volponi NT
Arn.
Drymaria cordata subsp.

Drymaria diandra Blume # S: Kukulu-pala LC
diandra (Blume) Duke
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Polycarpaea aurea Wight & Arn. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Polycarpaea corymbosa (L.) Lam. LC
Polycarpaea spicata Wight ex Arn. CR(PE)
Polycarpon prostratum (Forssk.) Asch. & B1ab(i,ii,iii)

VU
Schweinf. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Polycarpon tetraphyllum subsp. tetraphyllum

LC
(L.) L.
Sagina saginoides (L.) H.Karst. DD
Stellaria pauciflora Zoll. & Moritzi DD
Family: Celastraceae
S: Nareloo, Neraloo;
Cassine balae Kosterm. LC
T: Perun, Piyaree
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cassine congylos Kosterm. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Celastrus paniculatus Willd. S: Duhundu EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Neralu;
Elaeodendron glaucum (Rottb.) Pers. Cassine glauca (Rottb.) Kuntze LC
T: Piyari, Perunpiyari
Euonymus dichotomus B.Heyne ex Wall. Euonymus thwaitesii Lawson VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Euonymus revolutus Wight NT
Euonymus walkeri Wight LC
40
flora of Ceylon
Glyptopetalum zeylanicum var. zeylanicum
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Thwaites
Maytenus emarginata (Willd.)
Gymnosporia emarginata (Willd.) Thwaites LC
Ding Hou
Maytenus fruticosa (Thwaites)
Gymnosporia fruticosa (Willd.) Thwaites CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Loes
A2d,
Kokoona zeylanica Thwaites S: Kokun, Wana-potu EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Loeseneriella africana var. obtusifolia (Roxb.) Loeseneriella africana (Willd.)
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
N.Hallé Wilczek
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Loeseneriella macrantha (Korth.) A.C.Sm. S: Diya-kirindi-wel EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Microtropis wallichiana Wight ex Thwaites LC
Microtropis zeylanica Merr. & F.L.Freeman NT
S: Panakka, Piyari;
Pleurostylia opposita (Wall.) Alston NT
T: Chiru, Piyari
Loeseneriella arnottiana
Pristimera arnottiana (Wight) R.H.Archer S: Sudu-nawu-wel EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
(Wight) A. C. Smith
Reissantia indica (Willd.) N.Hallé LC
Salacia chinensis L. S: Heen-himbutu- wel NT
Salacia acuminatissima B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Salacia diandra Thwaites EN
Salacia oblonga Wall. ex Wight & Arn. S: Gal-himbutu, Himbutu EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Salacia reticulata Wight S: Himbutu, Himbutu-wel EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Centroplacaceae
S: Et-heraliya, Palen,
Bhesa ceylanica (Arn. ex Thwaites) Ding Hou Pelang, Uru-honda; LC
T: Konnai
Bhesa nitidissima Kosterm. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Ceratophyllaceae
Ceratophyllum demersum L. NT
Family: Chloranthaceae
Sarcandra glabra subsp. brachystachys (Blume) Sarcandra chloranthoides

LC
Verdc. Gardner
Family: Cleomaceae
Cleome aspera J.Koenig ex DC. NT
Cleome chelidonii L.f. S: Wal-aba VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Wela;
Cleome gynandra L. LC
T: Tayirvalai
41
of Ceylon
Cleome monophylla L. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cleome rutidosperma var. burmanni (Wight &

LC
Arn.) Siddiqui & S.N.Dixit *
Cleome tenella L.f. CR(PE)
Cleome viscosa L. S: Wal-aba, Ran-manissa LC
Family: Clusiaceae
Garcinia echinocarpa Thwaites S: Madol NT
Garcinia hermonii Kosterm. S: Madol, Kana-goraka NT
E: Gamboge;
Garcinia morella (Gaertn.) Desr. S: Gokatu, Kana gorake, NT
Kokatiya,
S: Goraka, Rat-goraka;
Garcinia quaesita Pierre LC
T: Korakkaipuli
S: Ela-gokatu, Gonapana;
Garcinia spicata (Wight & Arn.) Hook.f. NT
T: Kokottai
Garcinia terpnophylla Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Garcinia thwaitesii Pierre EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Garcinia zeylanica Roxb. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Colchicaceae
Disporum cantoniense var. cantoniense (Lour.) Disporum cantoniense (Lour.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
Merr. Merr. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Niyangala;
Gloriosa superba L. T: Kartikai kilanku, LC
Ventonti
Iphigenia indica (L.) A.Gray ex Kunth NT
Family: Combretaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Combretum acuminatum Roxb. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Combretum latifolium Blume S: Geta-kaha NT
Combretum ovalifolium Roxb. ex G.Don Combretum albidum G.Don S: Kaduru-ketiya-wel NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lumnitzera littorea (Jack) Voigt CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Beriya;
Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. NT
T: Tipparuthin
Anogeissus latifolius (Roxb.) S: Dawu;
Terminalia anogeissiana Gere & Boatwr. LC
Beddome T: Vekkali, Velai naga
S: Kumbulu, Kumbuk;
Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn. LC
T: Marutu
E: Myrabalans;
Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. S: Bulu; LC
T: Ahdan-koddai, Tant
E: Gall-nut, Ink nut,
Myrabalans;
Terminalia chebula Retz. LC
S: Aralu;
T: Kadukkay
42
of Ceylon
S: Hampalanda,
Terminalia zeylanica Van Heurck & Müll.Arg. NT
Hanpalanda
Family: Commelinaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Commelina appendiculata C.B.Clarke EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Commelina attenuata J.Koenig ex Vahl LC
Commelina benghalensis L. S: Diya-meneriya LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Commelina clavata C.B.Clarke VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Commelina diffusa Burm.f. S: Gira pala LC
Commelina ensifolia R.Br. LC
Commelina indehiscens E.Barnes E: Barnes; S: Gira pala NT
Commelina paludosa Blume CR(PE)
Commelina petersii Hassk. LC
Commelina undulata R.Br. Commelina kurzii Clarke LC
Cyanotis adscendens Dalzell VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyanotis obtusa (Trimen)

Cyanotis arachnoidea C.B.Clarke EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Trimen
Cyanotis axillaris (L.) D.Don ex Sweet LC
Cyanotis burmanniana Wight VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyanotis ceylanica Hassk. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyanotis cristata (L.) D.Don S: Bol-hinda LC
Cyanotis racemosa Heyne ex B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Cyanotis lanceolata Wight VU
Hassk. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyanotis pilosa Schult. & Schult.f. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyanotis thwaitesii Hassk. NT
Cyanotis villosa (Spreng.) Schult. & Schult.f. NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dictyospermum montanum Wight VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dictyospermum ovalifolium Wight EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Floscopa scandens Lour. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Murdannia audreyae Faden EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Murdannia blumei (Hassk.) Brenan EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Murdannia dimorphoides subsp. Murdannia dimorphoides

NT
dimorphoides Faden Faden
43
of Ceylon
Murdannia dimorphoides subsp. perennis
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Faden ▲
Murdannia esculenta (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke)
NT
Abeyw.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Murdannia gigantea (Vahl) G.Brückn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Murdannia glauca (Thwaites ex C.B.Clarke) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
CR
G.Brückn. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Murdannia lanceolata (Wight) Kammathy EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Murdannia loriformis (Hassk.) R.S.Rao &
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Kammathy
Murdannia nudiflora (L.) Brenan LC
Murdannia simplex (Vahl) Brenan CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Murdannia spirata var. parviflora Faden ▲ VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Murdannia spirata (L.)

Murdannia spirata var. spirata (L.) G.Brückn. LC
G.Brückn.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Murdannia striatipetala Faden VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Murdannia vaginata var. glabrisepala Faden ▲ EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Murdannia vaginata var. vaginata (L.) Murdannia vaginata (L.)

LC
G.Brückn. G.Brückn
Murdannia zeylanica (C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pollia secundiflora (Blume) Bakh.f. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhopalephora scaberrima (Blume) Faden EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Connaraceae
Connarus championii Thwaites S: Radaliya, Wel-radaliya, NT
S: Radaliya;
Connarus monocarpus L. LC
T: Chettupulukodi
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ellipanthus unifoliolatus (Thwaites) Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Goda-kirindi,
Rourea minor (Gaertn.) Alston LC
Kirindi-wel
Family: Convolvulaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Argyreia elliptica (Roth) Choisy EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Argyreia hancorniifolia Gardner ex Thwaites CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Argyreia hirsuta Wight & Arn. LC
Argyreia kleiniana (Schult.) Raizada. Argyreia populifolia Choisy S: Giri-tilla LC
Argyreia choisyana Wight ex

Argyreia kondaparthiensis P.Daniel & Vajr. CR(PE)
Clarke
Argyreia osyrensis (Roth) Choisy S: Dumbada LC
44
of Ceylon
Argyreia thwaitesii (C.B.Clarke) D.F.Austin S: Ginitilla, Ma-banda LC
Argyreia zeylanica (Gaertn.) Voigt. Argyreia pomacea Choisy T: Unam-kodhy LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Bonamia semidigyna (Roxb.) Hallier f. S: Bu-wasa-thel-kola EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Camonea pilosa (Houtt.) A.R.Simões & Staples
Merremia umbellata (L.) Hall.f. S: Kiri madu, Mahamadu LC
s.l.#
Camonea vitifolia (Burm.f.) A.R.Simões &
DD
Staples ▲
Cressa cretica L. T: Panittanki LC
E: Dodder;
Cuscuta chinensis Lam. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Aga-mula-neti-wel
E: Dodder; B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cuscuta reflexa var. reflexa Roxb. Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. VU
S: Aga-mula-neti-wel +2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Atamberiya,
Erycibe paniculata Roxb. LC
Etamberiya, Eta-miriya
S: Visnu-kranti;
Evolvulus alsinoides (L.) L. LC
T: Vichnu kiranti
Hewittia malabarica (L.) Suresh Hewittia sublobata (L.f.) O.Ktze. S: Wal-trasta-walu LC
Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. S: Kan-kun LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ipomoea campanulata L. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ipomoea coptica (L.) Roth ex Roem. & Schult. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ipomoea stolonifera (Cyrill.)
Ipomoea imperati (Vahl) Griseb. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Gmelin
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ipomoea jucunda Thwaites CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ipomoea littoralis Blume S: Tel-kola EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Tel-kola, Tel-vel,
Ipomoea obscura (L.) Ker-Gawl. LC
Waha-tel
S: Bin-tamburu,
Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R.Br. Mudu-bin-tamburu, LC
Muhudu bim-thamburu
Ipomoea pes-tigridis L. S: Divi-adiya, Divi-pahura LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ipomoea pileata Roxb. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ipomoea marginata (Desr.) S: Rasa-tel-kola;
Ipomoea sagittifolia Burm.f. LC
Manitz. T: Tali
Ipomoea staphylina Roem. & Schult. S: Tel-kola CR(PE)
Ipomoea tuberculata Ker Gawl. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ipomoea violacea L. VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
45
of Ceylon
Ipomoea wightii (Wall.) Choisy CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Jacquemontia paniculata var. paniculata

DD
(Burm.f.) Hallier f. ▲
Merremia emarginata (Burm.f.) Hallier f. NT
Merremia hederacea (Burm.f.) Hallier f. S: Kaha-tel-kola LC
Rivea wightiana R.R.Mill. Rivea ornata Choisy T: Muchuddai NT
S: Ma-banda,
Stictocardia tiliifolia (Desr.) Hallier f. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Maha-banda
S: Hawari-madu,
Xenostegia tridentata (L.) D.F.Austin & Staples Merremia tridentata (L.) Hall.f. Heen madu; LC
T: Mudiyakuntal
Family: Cornaceae
Alangium salviifolium subsp.

Alangium hexapetalum Lam.▲ VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
hexapetalum (Lam.) Wangerin
Alangium salviifolium (L.f.) Wangerin VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Costaceae
Hellenia speciosa (J.Koenig) S.R.Dutta Costus speciosus (Koenig) Smith S: Koltan, Tebu LC
Family : Crassulaceae
Kalanchoe floribunda var. glabra

Kalanchoe lanceolata (Forssk.) Pers. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Wight & Arn.
Family: Crypteroniaceae
Axinandra zeylanica Thwaites S: Kekiri-wara NT
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Ctenolepis garcinii (Burm.f.) T: Mochu-mochukkai,

Blastania garcinii (Burm.f.) Cogn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cogn. Mossumossuke
E: Colocynth;
S: Yak-komadu;
Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. T: Peykkomadi, VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Peykkomakki,
Peykummatti
E: Ivy gourd;
Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt S: Kowakka; LC
T: Kovvai
Corallocarpus epigaeus (Rottler) Hook.f. S: Gopalanga EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cucumis leiospermus (Wight & Arn.) Ghebret. Mukia leiosperma (Wight &
CR(PE)
& Thulin Arn.) Wight
S: Gon-kekiri,
Mukia maderaspatana (L.) Heen-kekiri, Kekiri,
Cucumis maderaspatanus L. LC
M.Roemer Lene-kekiri;
T: Mochumochukkai
46
of Ceylon
Diplocyclos palmatus (L.) C.Jeffrey S: Pasengilla LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Kedrostis courtallensis (Arn.) C.Jeffrey S: Kawudu-kekiri VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Kedrostis foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb.▲ VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Batu-karavila, Karavila;
Momordica charantia L. LC
T: Pakal, Nuti-pakal
Momordica denudata (Thwaites) C.B.Clarke VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Mal-tumba,
Momordica dioica Roxb. ex Willd. Tumba-karawila; LC
T: Paluppakal, Tumpai
S: Kawudu-kekeiri,
Solena umbellata (J.G.Klein ex Willd.) W.J.de Solena amplexicaulis (Lam.)
Tela beriya; LC
Wilde & Duyfjes. Gandhi
T: Peyppudal
Trichosanthes anaimalaiensis Bedd. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Titta-hondala;
Trichosanthes bracteata (Lam.) Voigt. # Trichosanthes tricuspidata Lour. LC
T: Anakoruthi
S: Dum-mella,
Trichosanthes cucumerina L. Kunu-mella; LC
T: Pudal
Trichosanthes integrifolia Thwaites CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Trichosanthes nervifolia L. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Gymnopetalum integrifolium
Trichosanthes scabra Lour. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
(Roxb.) Kurz
Trichosanthes tubiflora (Wight & Arn.) H.J.de Gymnopetalum tubiflorum

S: Vel kekiri LC
Boer (Wight & Arn.) Cogn.
Zanonia indica L. S: Wal-rasakinda VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Zehneria bodinieri (H.Lév.) W.J.de Wilde & Zehneria maysorensis

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Duyfjes. (Wight & Arn.) Arn.
Zehneria thwaitesii (Schweinf.) C.Jeffrey VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Cymodoceaceae
Cymodocea rotundata Asch. & Schweinf.* LC
Halodula pinifolia (Niki) Hartog* DD
Halodule uninervis (Forssk.) Boiss. DD
Cymodocea serrulata (R.Br.)

Oceana serrulata (R.Br.) Byng & Christenh. LC
Asch. & Magnus
47
of Ceylon
Syringodium isoetifolium (Asch.) Dandy VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Cyperaceae
Fimbristylis thouarsii (Kunth) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Actinoschoenus aphyllus (Vahl) ined. EN
Merr. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Actinoscirpus grossus (L.f.) Goetgh. &
LC
D.A.Simpson
Bulbostylis barbata subsp. barbata (Rottb.) Bulbostylis barbata (Rottb.)
S: Uru-hiri LC
C.B.Clarke C.B.Clarke
Bulbostylis barbata subsp. pulchella (Thwaites)
LC
T.Koyama ▲
Bulbostylis densa (Wall.) Hand.-Mazz. NT
Bulbostylis thouarsii (Roem. & Schult.) Lye ex Bulbostylis puberula (Poir.)

LC
Veldkamp & Verloove Kunth ex Clarke
Carex arnottiana Nees ex Drejer EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex baccans Nees VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex breviscapa C.B.Clarke EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex filicina subsp. ceylanica B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex ceylanica Boeckeler ▲ VU
(Boeckeler) T.Koyama +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex filicina Nees VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex indica var. indica L. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex jackiana Boott VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex lenta D.Don CR(PE)
Carex leucantha Arn. ex Boott VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex ligulata Nees EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex lindleyana Nees VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex lobulirostris Drejer EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex longicruris Nees NT
Carex longipes D.Don DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex maculata Boott EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex nubigena D.Don EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex oxyphylla Franch.# Carex lateralis Kukenth. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex phacota Spreng. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex rara subsp. patanicola T.Koyama CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
48
of Ceylon
Carex spicigera Nees VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex taprobanensis T.Koyama CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Carex walkeri Arn. ex Boott VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Lipocarpha chinensis (Osbeck)
Cyperus albescens (Steud.) Larridon & Govaerts LC
Kern
Cyperus alopecuroides Rottb. NT
Cyperus arenarius Retz. S: Mudu-kalanduru LC
Cyperus articulatus L. DD
Cyperus bifax Clarke DD
Cyperus brevifolius (Rottb.) Hassk. LC
Cyperus bulbosus Vahl T: Chilanti arichi LC
Cyperus castaneus Willd. LC
Cyperus cephalotes Vahl VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lipocarpha sphacelata (Vahl)

Cyperus ceylanicus T.Koyama # LC
Kunth
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyperus clarkei T.Cooke EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyperus compactus Retz. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyperus compressus L. LC
Cyperus conglomeratus subsp. pachyrrhizus B1ab(i,ii,iii)

CR
(Nees) T.Koyama +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyperus corymbosus Rottb. S: Gal-ehi NT
Cyperus cuspidatus Kunth LC
Cyperus cyperinus (Retz.) Valck.Sur.# Cyperus umbellatus Thwaites LC B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyperus cyperoides (L.) Kuntze EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyperus difformis L. LC
Cyperus diffusus Vahl EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyperus digitatus subsp. digitatus Roxb. Cyperus digitatus Roxb. . LC
Cyperus digitatus var. khasiana (C.B.Clarke)

DD
J.Kern ▲
Cyperus disruptus C.B.Clarke DD
Cyperus distans L.f. LC
Cyperus dubius Rottb.

Cyperus dubius var. dubius Rottb. LC
Cyperus triceps (Rottb.) Endl.
49
of Ceylon
Cyperus exaltatus var. exaltatus Retz. Cyperus exaltatus Retz. LC
Pycreus flavidus (Retz.)

Cyperus flavidus Retz. LC
T.Koyama
Cyperus haspan L. S: Hal-pan LC
Queenslandiella hyalina (Vahl)

Cyperus hyalinus Vahl Ballard, Kyllinga hyalina (Vahl) VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T. Koyama
Cyperus iria L. S: Wel-hiri LC
S: Ramba;
Cyperus javanicus Houtt. LC
T: Irampai
Cyperus melanospermus (Nees) Valck.Sur. LC
Pycreus pumilus subsp.

Cyperus membranaceus Vahl ▲ DD
membranaceus (Vahl) T.Koyama
Cyperus michelianus subsp. pygmaeus (Rottb.)
Cyperus pygmaeus Rottb. LC
Asch. & Graebn.
Kyllinga nemoralis (J.R.Forst.
Cyperus mindorensis (Steud.) Huygh ▲ & G.Forst.) Dandy ex Hutch. & DD
Dalziel
Cyperus mitis Steud. LC
Cyperus neochinensis (Tang & F.T.Wang) Bauters Rikliella squarrosa (L.) Raynal LC
Cyperus nutans var. eleusinoides (Kunth)

LC
Haines ▲
Cyperus nutans var. nutans Vahl Cyperus nutans Vahl LC
Cyperus pangorei Rottb. S: Hewan-pan LC
Cyperus paniceus (Rottb.) Boeckler LC
Cyperus pedunculatus (R.Br.) J.Kern Remirea maritima Aublet VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyperus pilosus Vahl LC
Cyperus platyphyllus Roem. & Schult. NT
Cyperus platystylis R.Br. NT
Pycreus polystachyos (Rottb.)

Cyperus polystachyos Rottb. LC
Beauv.
Cyperus procerus Rottb. LC
Cyperus pulcherrimus Willd. ex Kunth NT
Cyperus pumilus L. Pycreus pumilus (L.) Nees S: Go-hiri LC
Pycreus puncticulatus (Vahl)

Cyperus puncticulatus Vahl LC
Nees.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyperus radians Nees & Meyen ex Kunth CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyperus richardii Steud.▲ Kyllinga bulbosa Beauv. LC
50
of Ceylon
S: Kalanduru;
Cyperus rotundus L. LC
T: Korai
Pycreus sanguinolentus (Vahl)
Cyperus sanguinolentus Vahl NT
Nees ex Clarke
Cyperus sesquiflorus subsp. sesquiflorus (Torr.) Cyperus sesquiflorus (Torr.)
DD
Mattf. & Kük. Mattf. & Kük.
Cyperus sesquiflorus var. cylindricus (Nees)
DD
T.Koyama▲
Cyperus squarrosus L. LC
Cyperus stolonifer Retz. Cyperus stoloniferus Retz. LC
Pycreus stramineus (Nees)

Cyperus substramineus Kük. CR(PE)
Clarke
Cyperus tenuiculmis Boeckeler LC
Cyperus tenuispica Steud. LC
Cyperus zollingeri Steud. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Diplacrum caricinum R.Br. NT
Eleocharis acutangula (Roxb.) Schult. LC
B1ab(I,ii,iii)
Eleocharis confervoides (Poir.) Steud. CR
+2ab(I,ii,iii)
Eleocharis congesta D.Don NT
Eleocharis dulcis (Burm.f.) Trin. ex Hensch. S: Boru-pan LC
Eleocharis geniculata (L.) Roem. & Schult. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eleocharis lankana T.Koyama EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eleocharis ochrostachys Steud. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eleocharis pellucida var. pellucida J.Presl & Eleocharis congesta subsp.
DD
C.Presl ▲ Japonica (Miq.) T.Koyama
Eleocharis retroflexa subsp. chaetaria (Roem. &
DD
Schult.) T.Koyama ▲
Eleocharis retroflexa subsp. retroflexa (Poir.)
Eleocharis retroflexa (Poir.) Urb. DD
Urb.
Eleocharis spiralis (Rottb.) Roem. & Schult. LC
Eleocharis tetraquetra Nees EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis acuminata Vahl LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis aestivalis (Retz) Vahl EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis argentea (Rottb.) Vahl LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis bisumbellata (Frossk.) Bubani EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis cinnamometorum (Vahl) Kunth LC
51
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis complanata (Retz.) Link EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis consanguinea Kunth EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis cymosa subsp. spathacea (Roth)
Fimbristylis cymosa R.Br. LC
T.Koyama
Fimbristylis dichotoma subsp. dichotoma.(L.)
Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.) Vahl LC
Vahl
Fimbristylis dichotoma subsp. glauca (Vahl)
LC
T.Koyama ▲
Fimbristylis dichotoma subsp. podocarpa
LC
(Nees) T.Koyama ▲
Fimbristylis dipsacea (Rottb.) C.B.Clarke CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis dura (Zoll.& Moritzi) Merr. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis eragrostis (Nees) Hance LC
Fimbristylis falcata (Vahl) Kunth LC
Fimbristylis ferruginea (L.) Vahl LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis fulvescens (Thwaites) Thwaites Fimbristylis fusca (Nees) Clark EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis insignis Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis leptoclada Benth. CR(PE)
Fimbristylis monticola Hochst. ex Steud. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis nutans (Retz.) Vahl VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis ovata (Burm.f.) J.Kern LC
Fimbristylis polytrichoides (Retz.) Vahl LC
Fimbristylis pubisquama J.Kern LC
Fimbristylis quinquangularis subsp.

Fimbristylis miliacea (L.) Vahl S: Mudu-hal-pan LC
quinquangularis (Vahl) Kunth
Fimbristylis salbundia subsp. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis salbundia (Nees) Kunth. VU
pentapetra (Nees) T.Koyama +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis schoenoides (Retz.) Vahl LC
Fimbristylis tenera Schult. DD
Fimbristylis tetragona R.Br. LC
Fimbristylis triflora (L.) K.Schum. LC
Fimbristylis umbellaris (Lam.) Vahl S: Hal-pan LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Fimbristylis zeylanica T.Koyama CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
52
of Ceylon
Fuirena ciliaris (L.) Roxb. LC
Fuirena umbellata Rottb. LC
Fuirena capitata (Burm.f.)

Fuirena uncinata (Willd.) Kunth LC
T.Koyama
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hypolytrum longirostre Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Hypolytrum nemorum subsp. fuscorubens
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
(T.Koyama) T.Koyama ▲
Hypolytrum nemorum subsp. nemorum (Vahl) Hypolytrum scirpoides (Presl)
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Spreng. Merr.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hypolytrum turgidum C.B.Clarke EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Isolepis fluitans (L.) R.Br. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lepironia articulata (Retz.) Domin. S: Eta-pan VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Machaerina rubiginosa (Biehler) T.Koyama CR(PE)
Mapania immersa (Thwaites) Benth. ex B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
C.B.Clarke +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Mapania zeylanica (Thwaites) Trimen EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhynchospora chinensis Nees & Meyen CR(PE)
Rhynchospora corymbosa (L.) Britton LC
Rhynchospora gracillima Thwaites CR(PE)
Rhynchospora rubra (Lour.) Makino NT
Rhynchospora rugosa subsp. brownii (Roem. & B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
Schult.) T.Koyama +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhynchospora triflora Vahl CR(PE)
Schoenoplectus articulatus (L.)

Schoenoplectiella articulata (L.) Lye LC
Palla
Schoenoplectiella juncoides (Roxb.) Lye DD
Schoenoplectiella mucronata (L.) J.Jung & Schoenoplectus mucronatus B1ab(i,ii,iii)

VU
H.K.Choi (L.) Palla +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Schoenoplectus supinus (L.)
Schoenoplectiella supina (L.) Lye LC
Palla
Schoenoplectus subulatus subsp. subulatus Schoenoplectus littoralis
LC
(Vahl) T.Koyama # (Schrad.) Palla
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Scirpodendron ghaeri (Gaertn.) Merr. S: Heen-keyiya CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Scleria biflora Roxb. CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Scleria corymbosa Roxb. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Scleria levis Retz. S: Goda karawu VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Scleria lithosperma var. lithosperma (L.) Sw. Scleria lithosperma (L.) Sw. LC
53
of Ceylon
Scleria lithosperma var. linearis (Benth.) T.
LC
Koyama ▲
Scleria mikawana Makino VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Scleria multilacunosa T.Koyama CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Scleria neesii Kunth S: Bakamunu-tana EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Scleria oblata S.T.Blake ex J.Kern CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Scleria parvula Steud. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Scleria pergracilis (Nees) Kunth S: Mehi-wal CR(PE)
Scleria pilosa Boeckeler CR(PE)
Scleria poiformis Retz. S: Potu-kola, Potu-pan LC
Scleria rugosa R.Br. NT
Scleria sumatrensis Retz. NT
Scleria terrestris (L.) Fassett LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Scleria thwaitesiana Boeckeler VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Trichophorum subcapitatum (Thwaites &
CR(PE)
Hook.) D.A.Simpson
Tricostularia undulata (Thwaites) J.Kern CR(PE)
Family: Daphniphyllaceae
Daphniphyllum neilgherrense (Wight) Daphniphyllum glaucescens B1ab(i,ii,iii)

CR
K.Rosenthal # Blume +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Dichapetalaceae
Dichapetalum gelonioides (Roxb.) Engl. S: Balu nakuta LC
Dichapetalum zeylanicum Kosterm. NT
Family: Dilleniaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Acrotrema dissectum Thwaites CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Acrotrema intermedium Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Acrotrema lanceolatum Hook. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Acrotrema lyratum Thwaites S: Bin-beru EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Acrotrema thwaitesii Hook.f. & Thomson CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Bim-beru, Ettadi,
Acrotrema uniflorum Hook. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Gondiwa, Passana
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Acrotrema walkeri Wight ex Thwaites S: Bim-beru, Ulwerreni VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
54
of Ceylon
S: Hondapara,
Dillenia indica L. Wam-para; LC
T: Akku
Dillenia retusa Thunb. S: Godapara LC
Dillenia triquetra (Rottb.) Gilg S: Diyapara LC
Schumacheria alnifolia Hook.f. & Thomson S: Kekiri-wara EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Heen-kekiri-wara,
Schumacheria angustifolia Hook.f. & Thomson EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Kikeri-wera
S: Heen-kekiri-wara,
Schumacheria castaneifolia Vahl LC
Kekiri-wara
Tetracera akara (Burm.f.) Merr. S: Eth-korassa-wel VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Korossa-wal, Korasa,
Tetracera sarmentosa (L.) Vahl LC
Korass-wel
Family: Dioscoreaceae
E: Aerial yam,
Potato yam;
S: Bakamuna-wel,
Dioscorea bulbifera L. LC
Panu-kondol, Udala;
T: Mothaka valli (wild),
Rasa valli (cultivars)
S: Gonala,
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dioscorea koyamae Jayas. Kahata-gonala, EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Kiri-gonala
S: Gonala, Hiritala,
Dioscorea oppositifolia L. NT
Kitala, Viala
S: Katu-ala, Katuwala-ala;
Dioscorea pentaphylla L. LC
T: Allai
Dioscorea spicata Roth S: Gonala VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dioscorea tomentosa J.Koenig ex Spreng. S: Uyala LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dioscorea trimenii Prain & Burkill S: Dahiya-ala EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze S: Garandi-kidaran VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Trichopus zeylanicus Gaertn. S: Bim-pol VU A2d
Family: Dipterocarpaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Balanocarpus kitulgallensis Kosterm. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cotylelobium lewisianum (Trimen ex Hook.f.) Vatica lewisiana (Trimen ex B1ab(i,ii,iii)
CR
P.S.Ashton Hook.f.) Livera +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cotylelobium scabriusculum (Thwaites) Sunaptea scabriuscula B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Na-mendora EN
Brandis (Thwaites) Trimen +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dipterocarpus glandulosus Thwaites S: Dorana EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dipterocarpus hispidus Thwaites S: Bu-hora VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
55
of Ceylon
Dipterocarpus insignis Thwaites S: Weli-dorana EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dipterocarpus zeylanicus Thwaites S: Hora NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hopea brevipetiolaris (Thwaites ex Trimen) Balanocarpus brevipetiolaris
EN +2ab(i,ii,iii),
P.S.Ashton (Thwaites) Alston
A1a
S: Mendora, B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hopea cordifolia (Thwaites) Trimen EN
Uva-mendora +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hopea discolor Thwaites S: Peely-dun, Ratu-dun EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Hopea jucunda Thwaites S: Rat-beraliya VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hopea modesta Thwaites ex A.DC. S: Pini-beraliya VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Beraliya-dun,
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Shorea affinis (Thwaites) P.S.Ashton Doona affinis Thwaites Miris-dun, VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pathuru yakahalu
S: Tiniya, Thinniya, B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Shorea congestiflora (Thwaites) P.S.Ashton Doona congestiflora Thwaites VU
Tiniyadun +2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Red doon;
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Shorea cordifolia (Thwaites) P.S.Ashton Doona nervosa Thwaites S: Hal beraliya, VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Kotikan-beraliya
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Shorea disticha (Thwaites) P.S.Ashton Doona oblonga Thwaites VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Nawara-dun,
Shorea dyeri Thwaites ex Trimen VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Yakahalu-dun, Yakahalu
E: Red doon,
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Shorea gardneri (Thwaites) P.S.Ashton Doona gardneri Thwaites S: Ratu-dun; VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Konge-koongili
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Shorea hulanidda Kosterm. S: Hulan-idda, Nawa-dun EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Gal-pana mora,
Shorea lissophylla Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Mal-mora
S: Honda-beraliya,
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Shorea megistophylla P.S.Ashton Doona macrophylla Thwaites Kana-beraliya, VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Maha-beraliya
S: Pana-mora, Panadora, B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Shorea oblongifolia Thwaites VU
Pathuru-yakkahalu +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Shorea ovalifolia (Thwaites) P.S.Ashton Doona ovalifolia Thwaites S: Pini-beraliya CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Shorea pallescens P.S.Ashton S: Ratu-dun EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Hulan-idda, B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Shorea stipularis Thwaites VU
Nawa-dun, Nawada +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Shorea trapezifolia (Thwaites) P.S.Ashton Doona trapezifolia Thwaites S: Yakahalu VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Shorea worthingtonii P.S.Ashton Doona venulosa Thwaites S: Beraliya VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Shorea zeylanica (Thwaites) P.S.Ashton Doona zeylanica Thwaites S: Dun; T: Koongili EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus acuminatus (A.DC.) Bedd. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus affinis Thwaites CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
56
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus angustisepalus Kosterm. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus bullatus Kosterm. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus canaliculatus Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus cordifolius (Thwaites) Alston S: Iri dorala EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus elegans (Thwaites) Alston EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Hal, Hal mandora, B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus gardneri Thwaites VU
Ugudu-hal +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus gilimalensis Kosterm. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus gracilis Kosterm. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus kanneliyensis Kosterm. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus laevifolius Kosterm. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus lanceolatus Thwaites CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus lancifolius (Thwaites) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

CR
P.S.Ashton +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus latisepalum B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus latisepalus Kosterm. CR
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus marginalis Kosterm. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus moonii Thwaites S: Hora-wel CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus nitidus Thwaites CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus oblongifolius Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus petiolaris Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus reticulatus Thwaites S: Hal-mandora EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus revolutus Trimen ex Hook.f. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus rigidus Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus scalarinervis Kosterm. S: Ugadu-hal EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus scaphifolius Kosterm. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemonoporus wightii Thwaites S: Hal-mandora EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Hal;
Vateria copallifera (Retz.) Alston NT
T: Kungiliyam pinai
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Vatica affinis Thwaites S: Hal-mendora EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Vatica obscura Trimen T: Tumpalai VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Vatica paludosa Kosterm. S: Mendora EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
57
of Ceylon
Family: Droseraceae
E: Sundew;
Drosera burmanni Vahl VU C1, A2
S: Wata-essa
E: Sundew;
Drosera indica L. VU C1, A2
S: Kandulessa
E: Sundew;
Drosera lunata Buch.-Ham. ex DC.# Drosera peltata Thunb. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Ada-handaessa
Family: Ebenaceae
Diospyros acuminata (Thwaites) Kosterm. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros acuta Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Eta-thimbiri,
Diospyros affinis Thwaites Kalu-wella, Kalu-welle; NT
T: Semelpanachai
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros albiflora Alston EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros atrata (Thwaites) Alston EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros attenuata Thwaites S: Kadumberiya EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros chaetocarpa Kosterm. S: Kalu-mediriya EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros crumenata Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Ebony;
Diospyros ebenum J.Koenig ex Retz. S: Kaluwara; VU A2ad
T: Karunkali
Diospyros ferrea (Willd.) Bakh. Maba buxifolia (Rottb.) Pers. S: Kalu-habaraliya LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros hirsuta L.f. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Gona, Porawa-mara,
Diospyros insignis Thwaites LC
Poro-mala, Walmediriya
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros koenigii Kosterm. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Gaub persimmon;
Diospyros malabarica (Desr.) Kostel. S: Eta-thimbiri, Timbiri; LC
T: Panichchai
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros melanoxylon var. melanoxylon Roxb. S: Kadumberiya VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Katukanni,
Diospyros montana Roxb. Mulkarunkali, Vakkana, NT
Vakkani
B1ab(i,ii,iii
Diospyros moonii Thwaites S: Kadumberiya, Kaluwella EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros nummulariifolia Kosterm. VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros okkesii Kosterm. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Ela-thimbiri,
Diospyros oocarpa Thwaites Kalu-kudumberiya; VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Velli-karunkkali
Diospyros opaca C.B.Clarke ▲ CR(PE)
58
of Ceylon
S: Kalu-mediriya, B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros oppositifolia Thwaites EN
Kudumberiya +2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Habara, Kunumella;
Diospyros ovalifolia Wight T: Vedukkanari, LC
Vedukunari
S: Kalu-habaraliya; B2ab(i,ii,iii),
Diospyros pegophila I.M.Turner Diospyros ebenoides Kosterm. VU
T: Irumpalai, Juwarai A2ad
Diospyros pemadasai Jayas. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros pemadasae Jayas. S: Kola-pellan EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Calamander;
Diospyros quaesita Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kalu-mediriya
Diospyros rheophytica Kosterm. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros oblongifolia
Diospyros srilankana I.M.Turner VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
(Thwaites) Kosterm.
S: Hompella,
Diospyros sylvatica Roxb. Sudu- kudumberiya; VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Kurruppu-thoveria
S: Boromala, B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros thwaitesii (Hiern) Bedd. VU
Kadumberiya, +2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kahakala, Kaluwella;
Diospyros toposia Buch.-Ham. Diospyros racemosa Roxb. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Vellai thoverii
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diospyros trichophylla Alston EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Bastard ebony;
Diospyros walkeri (Wight) Gürke S: Kadum beriya, Kallu, VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Kaluwelle
Family: Elaeagnaceae
S: Katu-embilla,
Elaeagnus latifolia L. LC
Wel-embilla
Family: Elaeocarpaceae
Elaeocarpus amoenus Thwaites S: Titta-weralu NT
Elaeocarpus zeylanicus (Arn.)

Elaeocarpus ceylanicus (Arn.) Mast. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Masters
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Elaeocarpus coriaceus Hook. S: Gal-weralu EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Elaeocarpus glandulifer (Hook. ex Wight)
S: Gal-weralu NT
Mast.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Elaeocarpus hedyosmus Zmarzty EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Elaeocarpus montanus Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Wild olive;
Elaeocarpus serratus L. LC
S: Weralu
Elaeocarpus subvillosus Arn. S: Gal-weralu NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Elaeocarpus taprobanicus Zmarzty EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Elatinaceae
Bergia ammannioides Roxb. NT
59
of Ceylon
Bergia capensis L. S: Geta-purukwila LC
Family: Ericaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Gaultheria fragrantissima Wall. Gaultheria leschenaultii DC. S: Wel-kapuru EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhododendron arboreum subsp. zeylanicum S: Ma-ratmal, B1ab(i,ii,iii)
VU
(Booth) Tagg Maha-rathmal +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Vaccinium symplocifolium (D.Don ex G.Don) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Vaccinium leschenaultii Wight S: Boralu VU
Alston +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Eriocaulaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon atratum Körn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon brownianum Mart. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon catopsioides S.M.Phillips CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon ceylanicum Körn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon cinereum R.Br. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon fluviatile Trimen CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon longicuspe var. longicuspe Hook.f. Eriocaulon longicuspe Hook.f. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon longicuspe var. zeylanicum
DD
Moldenke*
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon minimum Lam. Eriocaulon trimeni Hook.f. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon odoratum Dalzell LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon philippo-coburgii Szyszyl. ex Wawra EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon psammophilum S.M.Phillips EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon quinquangulare subsp.
Eriocaulon quinquangulare L. S: Heen-kokmota LC
quinquangulare L.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon setaceum L. S: Penda EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon fergusonii
Eriocaulon sexangulare L. S: Kokmota LC
(Moldenke) S.M.Phillips
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon subglaucum Ruhland CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon thwaitesii Körn. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon thysanocephalum S.M.Phillips CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon truncatum Buch.-Ham. ex Mart. LC
Eriocaulon walkeri Hook.f. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriocaulon willdenovianum Moldenke NT
60
of Ceylon
Family: Erythroxylaceae
Erythroxylum lanceolatum (Wight) Walp. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Devadaram;
Erythroxylum monogynum Roxb. VU A1, B2b
T: Chemanatti
S: Bata-kirilla;
Erythroxylum moonii Hochr. NT
T: Chiru-chemannatti
Erythroxylum obtusifolium (Wight) Hook.f. LC
Erythroxylum zeylanicum O.Schulz LC
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Acalypha brachystachya Hornem. Acalypha supera Forssk. DD
Acalypha ciliata Forssk. * LC
Acalypha fruticosa Forssk. LC
S: Kuppameniya;
Acalypha indica L. T: Kuppameni, LC
Punairananki
Acalypha lanceolata Willd. LC
Acalypha racemosa Wall. ex

Acalypha paniculata Miq. LC
Baill.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Adenochlaena zeylanica (Baill.) Thwaites CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Agrostistachys coriacea Alston,
Agrostistachys borneensis Becc. Agrostistachys intramarginalis S: Beru LC
Philcox
S: Diya-beru, Kunu-beru,
Agrostistachys hookeri (Thwaites) Trimen LC
Maha-beru
Agrostistachys indica Dalzell LC
Blachia umbellata (Willd.) Baill. S: Goda-ratmal, Kosatta LC
Chrozophora plicata (Vahl)

Chrozophora rottleri (Geiseler) Spreng.# EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
A.Juss ex Spreng.
Cleidion spiciflorum (Burm.f.)
Cleidion javanicum Blume # S: Okuru VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Merr.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cleidion nitidum (Müll.Arg.) Thwaites ex Kurz EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Gas-keppetiya,
Croton aromaticus L. Croton laccifer L. Keppetia, Wel-keppetiya; LC
T: Teppaddi
Croton caudatus Geiseler S: Vel-keppetiya VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Croton officinalis (Klotzsch)

Croton klotzschianus (Wight) Thwaites # LC
Alston
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Croton moonii Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Croton nigroviridis Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
61
of Ceylon
Croton persimilis Müll.Arg. S: Akurella; T: Milla kunari NT
Croton zeylanicus Müll.Arg. CR(PE)
Dalechampia indica Wight CR(PE)
S: Thenkuttiya,
Dimorphocalyx glabellus Thwaites Weli-wenna; LC
T: Tentuikki, Tentukki
S: Daluk;
Euphorbia antiquorum L. LC
T: Chatura kalli
Euphorbia cristata B.Heyne ex Roth EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Euphorbia granulata Frossk. DD
Euphorbia indica Lam. S: Ela-dada-kiriya LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Euphorbia nivulia Bunch.-Ham. S: Kolapathok CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Euphorbia pallens Dillwyn # Euphorbia atoto Forest. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Euphorbia rosea Retz. S: Mudu-dada-kiriya LC
Euphorbia rothiana Spreng. LC
Euphorbia trigona Mill. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Tala-kiriya, Tela kiriya,

Excoecaria agallocha L. Tel kiriya; LC
T: Tilai
Excoecaria oppositifolia var. crenulata (Wight)
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Chakrab. & M.G.Gangop
Falconeria insignis Royle Sapium insigne (Royle) Benth. S: Kaduru, Tel-kaduru LC
Givotia moluccana (L.) Sreem. T: Puttalai LC
Homonoia riparia Lour. NT
Jatropha glandulifera Roxb. T: Atalai NT
Macaranga digyna (Wight) Müll.Arg. S: Gal-ota, Ota VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kenda;
Macaranga indica Wight LC
T: Vattakanni
S: Kenda, Pat-kenda;
Macaranga peltata (Roxb.) Müll.Arg. LC
T: Vattakanni
Mallotus distans Müll.Arg. DD
S: Bulu-petta,
Mallotus eriocarpus (Thwaites) Müll.Arg. Vel-keppetiya; LC
T: Maratini
Mallotus fuscescens (Thwaites) Müll.Arg. LC
62
of Ceylon
E: Fever tree;
S: Opinna;
Mallotus nudiflorus (L.) Kulju & Welzen Trewia nudiflora L. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Karachal-maran,
Tidimbi
S: Hamparila, Hamparilla;
Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Müll.Arg. LC
T: Kapila
Mallotus repandus (Rottler) Müll.Arg. LC
Mallotus resinosus (Blanco) Merr. S: Ma-endaru LC
S: Molabe;
Mallotus rhamnifolius (Willd.) Müll.Arg. LC
T: Marai-tinni, Maraitium
S: Bu-kenda;
Mallotus tetracoccus (Roxb.) Kurz LC
T: Mullupolavu
Micrococca mercurialis (L.). Benth. LC
Micrococca oligandra ( Müll.Arg.) Prain VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Sebastiania chamaelea (L.)

Microstachys chamaelea (L.) Müll.Arg. S: Rat-pita-wakka LC
Muell.Arg.
Paracroton pendulus subsp. zeylanicus Fahrenheitia zeylanica
S: Mawata, Olu-petta LC
(Thwaites) N.P.Balakr. & Chakr. (Thwaites) Muell.Arg.
Paracroton zeylanicus (Müll.Arg.) N.P.Balakr. Fahrenheitia minor (Thwaites)
S: Olu-petta, Wal-kekuna LC
& Chakr. Airy Shaw
Ptychopyxis thwaitesii (Müll.
Podadenia sapida Thwaites S: Wal-rambutan VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Arg.) Croizat
Shirakiopsis indica (Willd.) Esser Sapium indicum Willd. S: Kiri-makulu VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Suregada angustifolia (Muell. T: Kakkaipalai, Potpattai,

Suregada lanceolata (Willd.) Kuntze LC
Arg.) Airy Shaw Varittula
Tragia hispida Willd. S: Wel-kahabiliya LC
Tragia involucrata L. S: Wel-kahabiliya LC
Tragia muelleriana Pax & B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Tragia montana (Thwaites) Müll.Arg. CR
Hoffm. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Tragia plukenetii Radcl.-Sm. S: Wel-kahabiliya NT
Trigonostemon diplopetalus Thwaites CR(PE)
Trigonostemon nemoralis Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Fabaceae
Abrus melanospermus Hassk. S: Ella-olinda VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Crab’s eyes, Indian

liquorice;
Abrus precatorius L. S: Olinda, Olinda-wel; LC
T: Kundu-mani,
Kuntu-mani
Adenanthera aglaosperma Alston Adenanthera bicolor Moon S: Mas-mora VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Madatiya;
Adenanthera pavonina L. T: Anaikuntumani, LC
Anikundumani
63
of Ceylon
E: Pith plant, Shola,
Shola-pith;
Aeschynomene aspera L. LC
S: Maha-diya-siyambala;
T: Attuneddi
S: Diya-siyambala, Heen-
Aeschynomene indica L. LC
diya-siyambala
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Aganope heptaphylla (L.) Polhill CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Thuringi, Usil Ujil, Uyil,
Albizia amara (Roxb.) Boivin. Wienja EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kabal-mara,
Albizia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr. Hulan-mara; VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Pili vagai
Albizia lankaensis Kosterm. CR(PE)
S: Mara, Suriya-mara;
Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. NT
T: Kona, Vakai, Vagei
S: Huriyi, Suriya-mara;
Albizia odoratissima (L.f.) Benth. LC
T: Ponnaimurankai
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Alysicarpus bupleurifolius (L.) DC. T: Kutiraival EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Alysicarpus heyneanus Wight & Arn. DD
Alysicarpus longifolius (Rottler ex Spreng.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
Wight & Arn. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Alysicarpus monilifer (L.) DC. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Alysicarpus scariosus (Rottler ex Spreng.)

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Graham
Alysicarpus vaginalis (L.) DC. S: Aswenna LC
Aphyllodium biarticulatum (L.) Gagnep. LC
Abarema abeywickramae
Archidendron bigeminum (L.) I.C.Nielsen Kosterm., VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Abarema bigemina (L.) Kosterm.
Archidendron clypearia subsp. subcoriaceum Abarema subcoriacea B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Mimini-mara EN
(Thwaites) I.C.Nielsen (Thwaites) Kosterm. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kaha-petan, Petan;
Bauhinia tomentosa L. LC
T: Tiruvathi, Tiruvatti
Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth)
Biancaea decapetala (Roth) O.Deg. NT
Alston
E: Sappan wood;
Biancaea sappan (L.) Tod. Caesalpinia sappan L. DD
S: Patangi
E: Bengal kino;
Butea monosperma (Lam.) Kuntze S: Gas-kela; VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Murrakan, Parasu
Caesalpinia crista L. S: Diya-wavuletiya EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Atylosia albicans (Wight & Arn.)

Cajanus albicans (Wight & Arn.) Maesen S: Wal-kollu VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Benth.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cajanus heynei (Wight & Arn.) Maesen Dunbaria heynei Wight & Arn. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
64
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cajanus rugosus (Wight & Arn.) Maesen Atylosia rugosa Wight & Arn. S: Wal-kollu EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Atylosia scarabaeoides (L.) S: Wal-kollu, Wa- undu,
Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.) Thouars LC
Benth. Wal-undu-wel
Cajanus trinervius (DC.) Maesen Atylosia trinervia (DC.) Gamble S: Atta-tora, Et-tora LC
Canavalia africana Dunn * DD
E: Wild Bean;
Canavalia virosa (Roxb.) Wight S: Mudu-awara,
Canavalia cathartica Thouars LC
& Arn. Wal-awara for
Canavalia virosa
Canavalia mollis Wall. ex Wight & Arn. DD
Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC. S: Mudu-awara LC
E: Indian laburnum,
Shower of gold;
S: Ahalla-gass, Ehela;
Cassia fistula L.▲ LC
T: Kavani, Konnei,
Tirukkontai
S: Ratu-wa;
Cassia roxburghii DC. LC
T: Vakai
Cathormion umbellatum (Vahl) Kosterm. T: Ichchavalai, Iyamalai EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Chamaecrista absus (L.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby Cassia absus L. S: Bu-tora LC
Chamaecrista kleinii (Wight & Arn.) V.Singh Cassia kleinii Wight & Arn. S: Bin-siyambala LC
Cassia auricoma Graham ex

Chamaecrista leschenaultiana (DC.) O.Deg. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Steyaert
Chamaecrista mimosoides (L.) Greene Cassia mimosoides L. S: Bin-siyambala LC
S: Katarolu-wel,
Clitoria ternatea L. Nil-katarolu; DD
T: Karuttappu
E: Telegraph plant;
Codariocalyx motorius (Houtt.) H.Ohashi ▲ S: Chanchala DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria albida B.Heyne ex Roth EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria angulata Mill. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria bidiei Gamble EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria calycina Schrank S: Gorandiya LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria clavata Wight & Arn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria evolvuloides Wight VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria hebecarpa (DC.) Rudd S: Bu-gota-kota LC
Crotalaria laburnifolia L. S: Yak-beriya LC
Crotalaria ferruginea Graham

Crotalaria lejoloba Bartl. LC
ex Benth.
Crotalaria linifolia L.f. CR(PE)
Crotalaria lunulata B.Heyne ex Wight & Arn. NT
65
of Ceylon
Crotalaria medicaginea Lam. NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria montana B.Heyne ex Roth CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria multiflora Benth VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria mysorensis Roth CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria nana Burm.f. LC
Crotalaria pallida Aiton LC
Crotalaria prostrata Rottler ex Willd. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria quinquefolia L. LC
S: Kaha-andana-hiriya;
Crotalaria retusa L. LC
T: Kilukiluppai
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria scabrella Wight & Arn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria umbellata Wight & Arn. * CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Blue-andana;
S: Nil-andana-hiriya,
Crotalaria verrucosa L. LC
Silibili, Yak-bairiye;
T: Kilukiluppai
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria walkeri Arn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Crotalaria wightiana Graham ex Wight & Arn. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Crudia zeylanica (Thwaies) Benth. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Bodi;
Cullen corylifolium (L.) Medik. T: Karporgam, Kavothi, VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Kavoti
S: Opulu;
Cynometra iripa Kostel. T: Attukaddupuli, EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Kadumpuli
Cynometra zeylanica Kosterm. NT
Dalbergia candenatensis (Dennst.) Prain VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Bol-mara, Huri mara,

Dalbergia lanceolaria L.f. Kala; VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Velaruvai
E: Hornet creeper;
Dalbergia rostrata Hassk. Dalbergia pseudo-sissoo Miq. LC
S: Bambara-wel
Dendrolobium triangulare (Retz.) Schindl. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dendrolobium umbellatum (L.) Benth. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Han-kala-wel;
Derris benthamii (Thwaites) Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Karapu-tekel
S: Diya-kala-wel,
Derris canarensis (Dalzell) Baker NT
Kalu-kala-wel
Derris parviflora Benth. S: Kala-vel, Sudu-kala-wel LC
66
of Ceylon
S: Ala-wel, Bo-kala-wel,
Kala-wel;
Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth. LC
T: Kalungu
kodi, Tekil, Welan-tekal
S: Kala-wel;
Derris trifoliata Lour. T: Tekil, Tilankoddi, Uppu LC
thailan-kodi
Desmodium pryonii DC. LC
Desmodium velutinum (Willd.) DC. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Velvel tamarind;
Dialium ovoideum Thwaites S: Gal-siyambala; VU A1d
T: Kaddupuli
S: Andara;
Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn. LC
T: Vindattai
Dioclea hexandra (Ralph) Mabb. Dioclea javanica Benth. CR(PE)
Dolichos trilobus L. S: Wal dambala NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dumasia villosa var. leiocarpa (Benth.) Baker EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dunbaria ferruginea Wight & Arn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eleiotis sororia (L.) DC. Eleiotis monophylla DC. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Entada rheedei Spreng. Entada pusaetha DC. S : Pus-wel NT
Entada zeylanica Kosterm. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Erythrina fusca Lour. S: Yak-erabadu NT
E: Coral tree, Indian coral

tree, Thorny dadap;
S: Erabadu, Eramudu,
Katu-eramudu,
Erythrina variegata L. VU A2a,c
Weta-erabodu,
Yak-erabodu;
T: Mulu-murukku,
Murukku, Murungu
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Flemingia lineata (L.) Roxb. ex W.T.Aiton EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Flemingia macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze ex Merr. S: Wal-undu CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Flemingia strobilifera (L.) W.T.Aiton S: Hampilla, Hampinna LC
Flemingia wightiana Graham ex Wight & Arn. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Galactia striata var. villosa (Wight & Arn.)

Galactia striata (Jacq.) Urban DD
Verdc.
Grona ferruginea (Wall. ex Thwaites) H.Ohashi Desmodium ferrugineum Wall.
CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
& K.Ohashi ex Thwaites
Grona heterocarpa var. gymnocarpa (Schindl.)
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi ▲
Grona heterocarpa var. heterocarpa (L.) Desmodium heterocarpon (L.)
S: Et-undupiyali VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi DC.
67
of Ceylon
Grona heterocarpa var. strigosa (Meeuwen)
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi ▲
Grona heterophylla (Willd.) H.Ohashi & Desmodium heterophyllum
S: Maha-undupiyaliaya LC
K.Ohashi (Willd.) DC.
Grona jucunda (Thwaites) H.Ohashi &
Desmodium jucundum Thwaites CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
K.Ohashi
Grona styracifolia (Osbeck) H.Ohashi & Desmodium styracifolium
DD
K.Ohashi (Osbeck) Merr.
Grona triflora (L.) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC. S: Heen-undupiyali LC
E: Grey nicker;
S: Kalu-vavuletiya,
Guilandina bonduc L. Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. Kumburu-wel, LC
Wael-kumburu;
T: Punaikkalaichchi
Caesalpinia major (Medik.)
Guilandina major (Medik.) Small E: Yellow nicker EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dandy & Exell
S: Gal-karanda,
Humboldtia laurifolia Vahl LC
Ruan-karanda
Hylodesmum laxum subsp. laxum (DC.)
Desmodium laxum DC. DD
H.Ohashi & R.R.Mill
Hylodesmum leptopus (A.Gray ex Benth.)
DD
H.Ohashi & R.R.Mill *
Hylodesmum repandum (Vahl) H.Ohashi & Desmodium repandum (Vahl) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
R.R.Mill DC. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Indigastrum parviflorum (B.Heyne ex Wight & Indigofera parviflora Heyne ex
DD
Arn.) Schrire Wight & Arn.
Indigofera karnatakana B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Indigofera arnottii (Kuntze) Peter G.Wilson EN
Sanjappa +2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Rat kohomba;
Indigofera aspalathoides Vahl ex DC. T: Chivanarvempu, NT
Sivanarvum
Indigofera barberi Gamble DD
Indigofera colutea (Burm.f.) Merr. NT
Indigofera constricta (Thwaites) Trimen CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Indigofera galegoides DC. S: Veliveriya VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Indigofera glabra L. LC
Indigofera hirsuta L. S: Boo-awari LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Indigofera linifolia (L.f.) Retz. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Bin-avari, Binavari;
Indigofera linnaei Ali LC
T: Cheppunerenchi
Indigofera nummulariifolia (L.) Livera ex Alston LC
Indigofera oblongifolia Forssk. T: Kuttukarasmatti, Nante NT
E: Indigo; S: Nil-awari;
Indigofera tinctoria L. LC
T: Nilam
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Indigofera trifoliata L.▲ EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
68
of Ceylon
Indigofera trita L.f. S: Wal-awari LC
Indigofera ultima (Kuntze) Peter G.Wilson * DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Indigofera wightii Graham ex Wight & Arn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Bonavist bean, Hyacinth

bean, Lablab bean, Wild
bean;
S: Ho-dhambala,
Kiri- dambala,
Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet LC
Kos-ata-dambala,
Ratu-peti-dambala,
Sudu-peti-dambala;
T: Minni, Motchai,
Tatta-payaru
Leptodesmia microphylla (Thunb.) H.Ohashi & Desmodium microphyllum B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
K.Ohashi (Thunb.) DC. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Leptospron adenanthum (G.Mey.) A.Delgado ▲ DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Macrotyloma axillare (E.Mey.) Verdc. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Macrotyloma ciliatum (J.G.Klein ex Willd.)

EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Verdc.
E: Horse gram,
Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc. Madras gram; EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kollu; T: Kollu
Mezoneuron hymenocarpum Wight & Arn. ex Caesalpinia hymenocarpa S: Goda-wawuletiya,

NT
Prain (Wight & Arn. ex Prain) Hattink Rat-kalabatu-wel
E: Tari pods;
Moullava digyna (Rottler) Gagnon & G.P.Lewis Caesalpinia digyna Rottler CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Hinguru
S: Buchariwa, Bu-chariya,
Ginipus eta, Gini-puswel,
Mucuna atropurpurea (Roxb.) DC. ex Wight Mudu-evara; VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Pandatullai,
Punnakalichi
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Mucuna gigantea (Willd.) DC. S: Kana-pus-waela CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Mucuna monosperma Roxb. ex Wight CR(PE)
E: Cowage, Cowhage,
Cowitch;
S: Achariya, Achariya-pala,
Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. Wanduru-me, NT
Wel-damiya;
T: Chunao-avarai,
Poonayakali, Punnaikkaali
S: Gal-buruta, Gal- burutu,
Kang-bandi-gas,
Mundulea sericea (Willd.) A.Chev. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Wal-buruta;
T: Pilavaiam
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Neonotonia wightii (Wight & Arn.) J.A.Lackey S: Goradiya EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
69
of Ceylon
Neptunia prostrata (Lam.) Baill. Neptunia oleracea Lour. S: Diya-nidikumba LC
Desmodium caudatum (Thunb.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Ohwia caudata (Thunb.) H.Ohashi CR
DC. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ormocarpum sennoides subsp. hispidum B1ab(i,ii,iii)
CR
(Willd.) Brenan & Lèonard ▲ +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ormocarpum sennoides subsp. sennoides Ormocarpum sennoides (Willd.)
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
(Willd.) DC. DC.
E: Shamrock pea
Parochetus communis Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Nadun wood;
Pericopsis mooniana Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Nadun
Phyllodium pulchellum (L.) Desv. S: Hampilla NT
Piliostigma racemosum (Lam.) Benth. Bauhinia racemosa Lam. E: Atti; S: Maila, Mayila LC
Pleurolobus gangeticus (L.) J.St.-Hil. ex

Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi
E: Indian beech,
Mullikulam tree;
Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre S: Gal-karanda, LC
Karanda, Magul-karanda;
T: Poona, Punku
Pseudarthria viscida (L.) Wight & Arn. S: Gas gonika LC
S: Gammalu;
Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. T: Utera-venkai, NT
Venkai
Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) Maesen
Vigna stipulacea (Lam.) Kuntze NT
& S.M.Almeida ex Sanjappa & Predeep
Pycnospora lutescens (Poir.) Schindl. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhynchosia acutissima Thwaites CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhynchosia aurea (Willd.) DC. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhynchosia cana (Willd.) DC. S: Gas-kollu NT
Rhynchosia capitata (B.Heyne ex Roth) DC. DD
Rhynchosia densiflora (Roth) DC. CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhynchosia hirta (Andr.) Meikle & Verdc. S: Heen-garadiya CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC. S: Maha-wal-kollu LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhynchosia nummularia DC. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhynchosia rufescens DC. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhynchosia suaveolens (L.f.) DC. CR(PE)
Rhynchosia velutina Wight & Arn. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhynchosia viscosa DC. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
70
of Ceylon
Rothia indica (L.) Druce LC
S: Ashoka, Asoka,
Diya-rathambala,
Saraca asoca (Roxb.) J.J.de Wilde VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diya-ratmal;
T: Asogam
Senegalia caesia (L.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger Acacia caesia (L.) Willd. S: Hinguru-vel LC
E: Red cutch;
S: Rat-kihiriya;
Senegalia chundra (Roxb. ex Rottler) Maslin Acacia chundra Willd. LC
T: Karangali,
Kodalimurukai
Senegalia lankaensis (Kosterm.) Ragup., B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Acacia lankaensis Kosterm. EN
Seigler, Ebinger & Maslin +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Senegalia pennata (L.) Maslin Acacia pennata (L.) Willd. S: Goda hinguru, Hinguru LC
Senna alexandrina Mill. Cassia senna L. E: True senna DD
E: Matara tea;
Senna auriculata (L.) Roxb. Cassia auriculata L. S: Ranawara; LC
T: Avarai
E: Italian senna;
Senna italica Mill. Cassia italica (Mill.) Spreng. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Nilavakai
Sesbania bispinosa (Jacq.)
Sesbania aculeata (Schreb.) Pers. LC
W.Wight
Sesbania procumbens Wight & Arn. * DD
Shuteria vestita Wight & Arn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Smithia racemosa Heyne ex B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Smithia blanda Wall. ex Wight & Arn. EN
Wight & Arn. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Smithia conferta Sm. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Sohmaea zonata (Miq.) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi Desmodium zonatum Miq. CR(PE)
Sophora tomentosa L. S: Mudu-murunga VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sophora violacea Thwaites CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sophora zeylanica Trimen CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Strongylodon siderospermus Cordemoy CR(PE)
Stylosanthes fruticosa (Retz.) Alston S: Wal-nanu LC
Tadehagi triquetrum (L.) H.Ohashi S: Baloliya LC
Tephrosia maxima (L.) Pers. LC
Tephrosia pumila (Lam.) Pers. LC
S: Gam-pila, Pila;
Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers. LC
T: Kavilai, Kawati, Kolinchi
Tephrosia senticosa (L.) Pers. S: Alu-pila NT
Tephrosia spinosa (L.f.) Pers. T: Mukavaliver CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
71
of Ceylon
Tephrosia tinctoria (L.) Pers. S: Alu-pila LC
Tephrosia villosa (L.) Pers. S: Bu-pila LC
Teramnus labialis (L.f.) Spreng. S: Wal-kollu LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Teramnus mollis Benth. S: Wal-kollu EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Thailentadopsis nitida (Vahl) G.P.Lewis &
Painteria nitida (Vahl) Kosterm. S: Diya-mara VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Schrire
Uraria picta (Jacq.) Desv. ex DC. NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Uraria rufescens (DC.) Schindl. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Cockspur thorn;
Vachellia eburnea (L.f.) P.J.H.Hurter & Mabb. Acacia eburnea (L.f.) Willd. T: Kaludai, Udai-vel LC
S: Katu-andara, Maha
Vachellia leucophloea (Roxb.) Maslin, Seigler Acacia leucophloea (Roxb.)
andara; LC
& Ebinger Willd.
T: Velvalayam, Velvel
Vachellia planifrons (Wight & Arn.) Ragup., E: Jungle nail, Umbrella
Acacia planifrons Wight & Arn. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Seigler, Ebinger & Maslin tree; T: Odai, Udai
Vachellia tomentosa (Rottler) Maslin, Seigler E: Elephant thorn, Jungle
Acacia tomentosa Willd. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
& Ebinger nail; T: Anaimulli
Vigna aridicola N.Tomooka &
Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Maréchal EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Maxted
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Vigna dalzelliana (Kuntz) Verdcourt EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Field bean;
Vigna marina (Burm.) Merr. S: Karal-li-me; EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Kodippayaru
Vigna trinervia (B.Heyne ex B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Vigna radiata var. radiata (L.) R.Wilczek EN
Wight & Arn.) Tateishi & Maxted +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Vigna radiata var. sublobata (Roxb.) Verdc. NT
S: Bin-me, Munwenna;
Vigna trilobata (L.) Verdc. T: Navippayaru, NT
Pachapayaru
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Vigna vexillata (L.) A.Rich.▲ S: Wal-lima EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Wajira grahamiana (Wight & Arn.) Thulin & Vigna grahamiana (Wight &
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Lavin ▲ Arn.) Verdc.
Zornia diphylla (L.) Pers. S: Maha-aswenna NT
Zornia gibbosa Span. LC
Zornia walkeri Arn. NT
Family: Flagellariaceae
Flagellaria guineensis Schumach.* DD
Flagellaria indica var. indica L. Flagellaria indica L. S: Goyi-wel, Govi-wel LC
72
of Ceylon
Family: Gentianaceae
Canscora decussata (Roxb.)

Canscora alata (Roth) Wall. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Schult. & Schult.f.
Canscora diffusa (Vahl) R.Br. ex Roem. & B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
Schult. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Canscora heteroclita (L.) Gilg VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Canscora roxburghii Arn. ex Miq. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Crawfurdia championii (Gardner) Alston CR(PE)
Enicostema axillare (Poir. ex Lam.) A.Raynal T: Vellakuru LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Exacum axillare Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Exacum macranthum Arn. ex. Griseb. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Exacum pallidum (Trimen) Klack. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Exacum pedunculatum L. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Exacum petiolare Griseb. NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Exacum sessile L. S: Binara CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Exacum trinervium (L.) Druce NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Exacum walkeri Arn. ex Griseb. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Fagraea ceilanica Thunb. S: Etamburu NT
Gentiana pedicellata subsp. zeylanica (Griseb.) Gentiana quadrifaria var. B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
Halda # zeylanica Blume +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Hoppea fastigiata (Griseb.) C.B.Clarke VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Swertia zeylanica (Griseb.) Walker ex

S: Kirata CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
C.B.Clarke
Family: Geraniaceae
Geranium nepalense Sweet EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Gesneriaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Aeschynanthus ceylanicus Gardner EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Championia reticulata Gardner EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Epithema carnosum (G.Don) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Epithema ceylanicum Gardner VU
Benth. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Henckelia angusta (C.B.Clarke) D.J.Middleton Chirita angusta (C.B.Clarke)
EN D1
& Mich.Möller W.L.Theob. & Grupe
Henckelia communis (Gardner) D.J.Middleton
Chirita zeylanica Hook. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
& Mich.Möller
Henckelia floccosa (Thwaites) A.Weber & Didymocarpus floccosus B1ab(i,ii,iii)
CR
B.L.Burtt Thwaites +2ab(i,ii,iii)
73
of Ceylon
Henckelia humboldtiana (Gardner) A.Weber & Didymocarpus humboldtianus
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B.L.Burtt Gardner
Henckelia moonii (Gardner) D.J.Middleton & B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Chirita moonii Gardner EN
Mich.Möller +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Henckelia walkerae (Gardner) D.J.Middleton & B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Chirita walkeri Gardner EN
Mich.Möller +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Henckelia wijesundarae Ranasinghe & Mich.
CR B1ab(i,iii)
Möller *
Henckelia zeylanica (R.Br.) A.Weber &
Didymocarpus zeylanicus R.Br CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B.L.Burtt
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhynchoglossum gardneri W.L.Theob. & Grupe EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhynchoglossum notonianum (Wall.) B.L.Burtt S: Diya nilla EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rhynchotechum permolle (Nees) B.L.Burtt VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Gisekiaceae
S: Atthiripala;
Gisekia pharnaceoides L. LC
T: Manali, Manalkirai
Family: Goodeniaceae
Scaevola plumieri (L.) Vahl S: Heen-takkada VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb. S: Takkada VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Haloragaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Laurembergia coccinea (Blume) Kanitz VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Laurembergia minor (C.B.Clarke) Philcox CR(PE)
Laurembergia zeylanica (Arn. ex C.B.Clarke) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

CR
Schindl. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Myriophyllum indicum Willd. LC
Family: Hanguanaceae
Hanguana anthelminthica (Blume ex Schult. & Hanguana malayana (Jack)

S: Induru NT
Schult.f.) Masam.▲ Merr.
Family: Hernandiaceae
S: Diya-labu-gas, Hima,
Gyrocarpus americanus Jacq. LC
Wal-papol
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hernandia nymphaeifolia (C.Presl) Kubitzki S: Palatu, Paluta VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Hydrocharitaceae
Blyxa aubertii Rich. S: Diya-hawari LC
Blyxa octandra (Roxb.) Planch. ex Thwaites LC
Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Halophila beccarii Asch. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Halophila major (Zoll.) Miq.* DD
74
of Ceylon
Halophila minor (Zoll.) Hartog * DD
Halophila stpulacea (Forssk.) Asch. * DD
Halophila decipiens Ostenf. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Halophila ovalis (R.Br.) Hook.f. LC
Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle S: Halpenni LC
Najas graminea Delile LC
Najas marina L. NT
Najas minor All. LC
Nechamandra alternifolia (Roxb. ex Wight)

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Thwaites
Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers. LC
Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb. ex Solms) Asch. T: Chaatelai VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Hydroleaceae
Hydrolea zeylanica (L.) Vahl S: Diya-kirilla NT
Family: Hypericaceae
Hypericum japonicum Thunb. NT
Hypericum mysurense Wall. ex Wight & Arn. E: St.John’s wort EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Hypoxidaceae
S: Bim-thal, Heen-bin-tal;
Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. LC
T: Wolappanai
S: Bu-bim-thal,
Curculigo trichocarpa (Wight) Bennet & Molineria trichocarpa (Wight)
Ma-bim-thal, VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Raizada Balakr.
Maha-bin- thal
Family: Icacinaceae
Apodytes dimidiata E.Mey. ex Arn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Nothapodytes nimmoniana
Mappia nimmoniana (J.Graham) Byng & Stull S: Ganda-pana NT
(J.Graham) Mabb.
Pyrenacantha volubilis Wight VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Juncaceae
Juncus effusus L. LC
Juncus prismatocarpus subsp. leschenaultii Juncus leschenaultii J.Gay ex

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
(Gay ex Laharpe) Kirschner Laharpe
Juncus wallichianus J.Gay ex Laharpe VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Lamiaceae
Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze S: Yak wanassa LC
75
of Ceylon
Anisomeles malabarica (L.) R.Br. T: Pey maruddi LC
Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench LC
S: Eela-gas, Illa;
Callicarpa tomentosa (L.) L. LC
T: Koat-komal
S: Gas pinna, Pinna, Pinna
kole, Pine-ette;
Clerodendrum infortunatum L. LC
T: Perugilai, Perumkila,
Vata madakki
S: Gas-pinna, wadang;
Clerodendrum phlomidis L.f. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Talu dala, madakkai, Vata
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Clinopodium umbrosum (M.Bieb.) K.Koch VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Coleus barbatus var. barbatus (Andrews)

Plectranthus barbatus Andrews S: Wal-kapuru- walliya NT
Benth. ex G.Don
Coleus divaricatus A.J.Paton Anisochilus paniculatus Benth. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Plectranthus elongatus (Trimen) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Coleus elongatus Trimen CR
R.H.Willemse +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Plectranthus hadiensis (Forssk.)
Schweinf. ex Sprenger; B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Coleus hadiensis (Forssk.) A.J.Paton S: Iriweriya EN
Plectranthus zatarhendi var. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
tomentosa (Benth.) Codd
Plectranthus inflatus (Benth.)
Coleus inflatus Benth. LC
R.H.Willemse
Plectranthus kanneliyensis
Coleus kanneliyensis L.H.Cramer & S.Balas. (L.H.Cramer & S.Balas.) LC
R.H.Willemse
Plectranthus malabaricus
Coleus malabaricus Benth. LC
(Benth.) R.H.Willemse
Plectranthus crameri B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Coleus mollis Benth. EN
R.H.Willemse +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Plectranthus glabratus
Coleus paniculatus Benth. CR(PE)
(Benth.) Alston
Anisochilus carnosus (L.f.) Wall.

Coleus strobilifer (Roxb.) A.J.Paton S: Gal-kapuru-walliya LC
ex Benth.
Coleus velutinus (Trimen) A.J.Paton Anisochilus velutinus Trimen S: Bolila, Bolvila VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Endostemon viscosus (Roth) M.R.Ashby * DD
Equilabium subincisum (Benth.) Mwany. Plectranthus subincisus Benth. CR(PE)
Glossocarya scandens (L.f.) Trimen NT
E: Candahar tree, Comb

tree, Kashmir tree, Malay
beachwood, Snapdragon
tree;
Gmelina arborea Roxb. ex Sm. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: At demata;
T: Gumadi, Gumudu-takku,
Kainadi, Kumil, Umi
76
of Ceylon
E: Asiatic beechberry;
S: Demata, Gatta
demmata;
Gmelina asiatica L. LC
T: Gumadi, Kumil, Kainadi,
Nela-Kumi, Nilacumal,
NilKumi
Isodon capillipes (Benth.) H.Hara CR(PE)
Isodon coetsa (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Kudô NT
Isodon nigrescens (Benth.) H.Hara Isodon hians (Benth.) H.W.Li. DD
Isodon walkeri (Arn.) H.Hara EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Leonotis nepetifolia (L.) R.Br.▲ NT
Leucas angularis Benth. DD
S: Geta-tumba;
Leucas biflora (Vahl) Sm. LC
T: Peyt tumpai
Leucas decemdentata var. decemdentata Leucas mollissima Wall. ex
DD
(Willd.) Sm. Benth.
Leucas longifolia Benth. CR(PE)
Leucas marrubioides Desf. S: Sudu tumba LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Leucas zeylanica var. walkeri (Benth.) Hook.f. ▲ EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Geta tumba;
Leucas zeylanica var. zeylanica (L.) W.T.Aiton Leucas zeylanica (L.) R.Br. LC
T: Mudi tumpai
Mentha arvensis var. javanica (Blume) Hook.f. S: Odu-talan DD
E: Heen-tala;
Ocimum americanum L. S: Suwandu tala LC
T: Kanchankorai
Ocimum filamentosum Forssk. NT
Ocimum gratissimum L. S: Gas-tala, O-tala LC
Ocimum minimum L.* DD
E: Sacred basil,
Ocimum tenuiflorum L. LC
S: Maduru-tala
Orthosiphon pallidus Royle ex Benth. * DD
Orthosiphon thymiflorus (Roth) Sleesen NT
Platostoma elongatum (Benth.) A.J.Paton VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Platostoma menthoides (L.) A.J.Paton LC
Plectranthus gardneri Thwaites LC
Pogostemon auricularius (L.) Hassk. S: Hemanilla LC
S: Gan-kollan-kola,
Pogostemon heyneanus Benth. LC
Gas-kolan-kola
Pogostemon hirsutus Benth. LC
77
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pogostemon reflexus Benth. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pogostemon rupestris Benth. NT
Pogostemon verticillatus
Pogostemon stellatus (Lour.) Kuntze VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
(Benth.) Bhatti & Ingrouille
Premna corymbosa Rottler Premna alstonii Moldenke S: Gal kera, Mulla LC
S: Maha midi;
Premna mollissima Roth Premna latifolia Roxb. LC
T: Pachumullai
Premna odorata Blanco ▲ LC
S: Le-kola-pala;
Premna procumbens Moon LC
T: Mulla, Mullai
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Premna purpurascens Thwaites VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Gumira divaricata (Wall. ex
E: Headache tree;
Schauer) Kuntze, Premna
Premna serratifolia L. S: Maha midi, Middee gas; LC
divaricata Wall., Premna
T: Erumaimulla
obtusifolia R.Br
Premna thwaitesii C.B.Clarke S: Mulla EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Boo-sera, Boo-seru,
Boo-sairoo-gas, Bu-seru,
Noo-sairou; T: Koluk-
Premna tomentosa Willd. kutti, Kollay cottaynellay, LC
Kolkutti, Loluto-kutti,
Mulla-mallai, Munnai,
Podanganari
S: Kan henda;
T: Chiru dekku, Chiru
Clerodendrum serratum (L.)
Rotheca serrata (L.) Steane & Mabb. tekku, Kandu-parangi, LC
Moon
Ratamadakki, Siri tekku,
Vatamadakki
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Scutellaria oblonga Benth. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Scutellaria robusta Benth. CR(PE)
Scutellaria violacea var. rotunda L.H.Cramer ▲ EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Scutellaria violacea var. violacea Heyne ex Scutellaria violacea B.Heyne ex

LC
Benth. Benth.
Symphorema involucratum Roxb. DD
Teucrium tomentosum Heyne B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Teucrium heynei V.S.Kumar & Chakrab. VU
ex Benth. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kaha-milla, Millla,
Mililla-gas, Miyan-milla,
Sapumilla;
Vitex altissima L.f. T: Kaaddmanakku, NT
Kadamanakku,
Kadamananakku, Maila,
Mayila
S: Nabudda, Nabada,
Nebedda;
Vitex leucoxylon L.f. T: Kaddu nochchi, LC
Kardu-nochi, Nir,
Kardu-nochi
78
of Ceylon
S: Helarika,Nika, Nikka,
Nike, Nil-nika, Nirgundi,
Vitex negundo L. Sudu nika; T: Nir-nichchi, LC
Nochchi, Vallai-nochchi,
Vennochchi
E: Beach vitex, Oval-
Vitex trifolia var. simplicifolia leaved chaste tree,
Vitex trifolia subsp. litoralis Steenis ▲ DD
Cham. Polinalina,
E: Indian privet, Indian

wild pepper; S: Nika,
Vitex trifolia subsp. trifolia L. Vitex trifolia L. Sudu-nika; T: Mochchi, NT
Nochchi, Vettai-nochi
S: Boerende, Bu-renda,
Gulinda,
Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Wael-bu-raenda,
Volkameria inermis L. LC
Gaertn. Wal gurenda;
T: Dangamkuppi, Koika,
Pinari, Sangam
Family: Lauraceae
Actinodaphne albifrons Kosterm. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Actinodaphne ambigua Hook.f. LC
Actinodaphne candolleana (Thwaites) Meisn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Actinodaphne elegans Thwaites LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Actinodaphne glauca var. glauca Nees ▲ VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Actinodaphne glauca var. subtriplinervis
DD
(Meissner) Kosterm.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Actinodaphne molochina Nees EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Actinodaphne moonii Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Actinodaphne speciosa Nees E: Elephants’ ears VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Actinodaphne stenophylla Thwaites S: Nika-daula VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Wewaranai
Alseodaphne semecarpifolia Nees NT
T: Ranai, Yavaranai
Beilschmiedia zeylanica (Thwaites) Trimen S: Kanu VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cassytha capillaris Meisn. CR(PE)
Cassytha filiformis L. LC
E: Camphor Cinnamon;
Cinnamomum capparu-coronde Blume VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kappuru- kurundu
Cinnamomum citriodorum Thwaites S: Pengiri-kurundu EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Sewel-kurundu,
Cinnamomum dubium Nees NT
Wal-kurundu
Cinnamomum litsaeifolia Thwaites S: Kudu-kurundu VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
79
of Ceylon
Cinnamomum ovalifolium Wight VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cinnamomum rivulorum Kosterm. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cinnamomum sinharajaense Kosterm. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Cinnamon;
Cinnamomum zeylanicum
Cinnamomum verum J.Presl S: Kurundu; VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Blume
T: Kuruva, Kuruwa
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cryptocarya membranacea Thwaites S: Gal-mora, Tawenna VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cryptocarya wightiana Thwaites S: Gal-mora, Golu-mora NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Litsea fosbergii Kosterm. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Litsea gardneri (Thwaites) Meisn. S: Talan VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Litsea glaberrima (Thwaites) Trimen NT
S: Bombee, Bomee;
Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C.B.Rob. T: Elumpurukki, LC
Maida-lakti
Litsea iteodaphne (Nees) Hook.f. S: Kalu-nika VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Litsea ligustrina (Nees) Fern.-Vill. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Litsea longifolia (Nees) Trimen S: Rat-keliya DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Litsea nemoralis (Thwaites) Trimen EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Litsea ovalifolia (Wight) Trimen NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Litsea quinqueflora (Dennst.) C.R.Suresh S: Kosbada, Landittan EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Litsea walkeri Trimen VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Persea macrantha (Nees)

Machilus glaucescens (Nees) Wight S: Ululu NT
Kosterm.
E: Wild cinnamon;
Neolitsea cassia (L.) Kosterm. S: Dawul-kurundu, LC
Kudu-dawula
Neolitsea foliosa (Nees) Gamble CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Neolitsea fuscata (Thwaites) Alston NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Neolitsea lancifolia (Thwaites) Kosterm. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Lecythidaceae
S: Ela midella, Era

Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn. midella, Midella; LC
T: Adampu
Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz S: Mudilla, Mudu midella LC
S: Goda-midella, Diya
Barringtonia racemosa (L.) Spreng. LC
midella, Midella
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Barringtonia waasii P.Chantar. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
80
of Ceylon
E: Patana oak;
Careya arborea Roxb. S: Kahata; LC
T: Kachaddai
Family: Lentibulariaceae
Utricularia aurea Lour. S: Diya pasi LC
Utricularia australis R.Br. DD
Utricularia bifida L. NT
Utricularia caerulea L. S: Nil-monerassa LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Utricularia gibba L. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Utricularia graminifolia Vahl NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Utricularia hirta Klein ex Link CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Utricularia minutissima Vahl EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Utricularia moniliformis P.Taylor VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Utricularia polygaloides Edgew. NT
Utricularia reticulata Sm. S: Nil-monerassa LC
Utricularia scandens Benj. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Utricularia stellaris L.f. S: Nil-monerassa LC
Utricularia striatula Sm. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Utricularia uliginosa Vahl. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Linaceae
Hugonia ferruginea Wight & Arn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Bu-getiya,
Hugonia mystax L. Maha-getiya, Watti-weti; LC
T: Motirakanni
Linum mysorense B.Heyne ex Benth.▲ CR(PE)
Family: Lindernaceae
Artanema longifolium (L.) Vatke S: Gas kotala LC
Bonnaya antipoda (L.) Druce Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston S: Wila LC
Lindernia ciliata (Colsmann)

Bonnaya ciliata (Colsm.) Spreng. NT
Pennel
Bonnaya oppositifolia (Retz.) Spreng. * DD
Lindernia tenuifolia (Colsmann)

Bonnaya tenuifolia (Colsm.) Spreng. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Alston
81
of Ceylon
Bonnaya veronicifolia (Retz.) Spreng. * DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lindernia nummularifolia (D.Don) Wettst. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Lindernia hyssopioides (L.) Haines LC
Lindernia parviflora (Roxb.) Haines * DD
Lindernia rotundifolia (L.) Alston LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lindernia srilankana L.H.Cramer & Philcox EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Torenia courtallensis Gamble Torenia aerinea Alston EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Torenia crustacea (L.) Cham. & Schltdl. Lindernia crustacea (L.) F.Muell. LC
Torenia cyanea Alston VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Torenia leucosiphon Alston # Torenia travancorica Gamble S: Kotala NT
Lindernia anagallis (Burm.f.)

Vandellia anagallis (Burm.f.) T.Yamaz. LC
Pennell
Vandellia micrantha (D.Don) Eb.Fisch., Lindernia angustifolia (Benth.)
NT
Schäferh. & Kai Müll. Wettst.
Lindernia pusilla (Willd.)
Vandellia pusilla (Willd.) Merr. LC
Boldingh
Lindernia viscosa (Hornem.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Vandellia viscosa (Hornem.) Merr. CR
Boldingh +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Loganiaceae
Mitrasacme prolifera R.Br. Mitrasacme indica Wight NT
Strychnos benthamii C.B.Clarke NT
Strychnos coriacea Thwaites CR(PE)
S: Kaduru, Kaduru
Strychnos minor Dennst. Ketiya wel; LC
T: Kachchalkodi
E: Nux-vomica;
S: Godakaduru,
Strychnos nux-vomica L. LC
Thel kaduru, Visa kaduru
T: Eddi, Kanchurai
E: Clearing-nut;
Strychnos potatorum L.f. S: Ingini; LC
T: Tetta
Strychnos tetragona A.W.Hill VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Gona-karaba, Kaduru,
Strychnos trichocalyx A.W.Hill NT
Thelatiya
S: Eta-kirindi-wel,
Strychnos wallichiana Steud. ex A.DC. NT
Wel-beli
Family: Loranthaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Baratranthus mabaeoides (Trimen) Danser EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Baratranthus nodiflorus (Thwaites) Tiegh. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh. LC
82
of Ceylon
Dendrophthoe ligulata
Dendrophthoe ligulatus (Thwaites) Tiegh. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
(Thwaites) Tieghem
Dendrophthoe lonchiphyllus B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dendrophthoe lonchiphylla (Thwaites) Denser. CR
(Thwaites) Denser +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dendrophthoe neelgherrensis (Wight & Arn.)
LC
Tiegh.
Dendrophthoe suborbicularis (Thwaites) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
Danser +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Helixanthera ensifolia (Thwaites) Danser CR(PE)
Helixanthera hookeriana (Wight & Arn.)

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Danser
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Macrosolen albicaulis Wiens EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Macrosolen barlowii Wiens EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Macrosolen capitellatus (Wight & Arn.) Danser VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Macrosolen parasiticus (L.) Danser VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Scurrula cordifolia (Wall.) G.Don NT
Scurrula parasitica L. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Taxillus courtallensis (Gamble) Danser EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Taxillus cuneatus (B.Heyne) Danser LC
Taxillus incanus (Trimen) Wiens NT
Taxillus sclerophyllus Danser VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Taxillus tomentosus (B.Heyne ex Roth) Tiegh. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Tolypanthus gardneri (Thwaites) Tiegh. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Lythraceae
Ammannia baccifera L. LC
Ammannia cordata Wight & Arn. Nesaea brevipes Koehne NT
Ammannia octandra L.f. LC
Nesaea lanceolata (Heyne ex

Ammannia prostrata Buch.-Ham. ex Dillwyn EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Clarke) Koehne
E: Pride of India, Queen’s
flower;
Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. LC
S: Murutu, Muruthagaha;
T: Kadali, Pu-maruthu
E: Camphire, Henna,
Tree mignonette;
Lawsonia inermis L. LC
S: Marutondi;
T: Marathondi, Marutonti
83
of Ceylon
Pemphis acidula J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. T: Kiri-maram NT
Rotala densiflora (Roth) Koehne VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rotala fimbriata Wight ▲ LC
Rotala indica (Willd.) Koehne LC
Rotala rosea (Poir.) C.D.K.Cook VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rotala verticillaris L. NT
Sonneratia alba Sm. EN A2c
Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. Sonneratia apetala Banks CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engl. S: Kirilla LC
E: Water chestnut;
Trapa natans var. bispinosa (Roxb.) Makino Trapa bispinosa Roxb. NT
S: Ikiliya
Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz S: Malitta VU A1d
Family: Magnoliaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Magnolia nilagirica (Zenker) Figlar S: Wal-sapu VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Malpighiaceae
Hiptage benghalensis (L.) Kurz S: Puwak-gediya-wel LC
Hiptage parvifolia Wight & Arn. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Malvaceae
Abelmoschus angulosus Wall. ex Wight & Arn. S: Kapu-kinissa VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Abelmoschus ficulneus (L.) Wight & Arn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Abutilon hirtum (Lam.) Sweet T: Vaddattutti LC
S: Anoda, Panagedi,
Wal anoda,
Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet LC
T: Peruntulli, Peruntutti,
Vaddattutti
Abutilon pannosum (G.Forst.) Schltdl. LC
Abutilon subumbellatum Philcox EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Azanza lampas (Cav.) Alef. Thespesia lampas (Cav.) Dalzell S: Wal-kapu EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Trincomalee Wood;
Berrya cordifolia (Willd.) Burret S: Hal-milla; LC
T: Chavandalai
E: Cotton tree;
S: Katu imbul;
Bombax ceiba L. LC
T: Kaddu-olaga,
Illavu, Parutti
Corchorus fascicularis Lam. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Corchorus olitorius L. E: Jute DD
Corchorus trilocularis L. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
84
of Ceylon
Corchorus urticifolius Wight & Arn. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cullenia ceylanica (Gardner) K.Schum. S: Kata-boda, Katu-boda LC
S: Kata-boda, Katu-boda;
Cullenia rosayroana Kosterm. LC
T: Mullu-pilaka
Dicellostyles axillaris (Thwaites) Bedd. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriolaena hookeriana Wight & Arn. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Bonfire tree;
S: Bataliya, Pataliya-gas;
Firmiana colorata (Roxb.) R.Br. NT
T: Malaiparutti,
Mulaipurathi
Gossypium arboreum L.▲ DD
Grewia abutilifolia Vent. ex Juss. * DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Grewia bracteata Roth VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Grewia carpinifolia Juss. LC
S: Bora daminiya, Boru

Grewia helicterifolia Wall. ex G.Don LC
daminiya; T: Taviddai
Grewia hirsuta Vahl EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Wel keliya, Wel-mediya;

Grewia orientalis L. LC
T: Kodi,Taviddai
T: Achu, Achchu, Katu

Grewia tenax (Forssk.) Fiori VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
peratti
S: Daminiya;
Grewia tiliifolia Vahl Grewia damine Gaertn. LC
T: Cadachi, Chadachchi
E: Screw tree;
S: Lihiniya, Liniya;
Helicteres isora L. LC
T: Kawa, Vallampanai,
Vallampuri, Vellampidi
E: Boat-shaped mangrove;
S: Attona, Etuna,
Heritiera littoralis Aiton NT
Ho-mediriya;
T: Chonmuntiri
Hibiscus hispidissimus Griff. # Hibiscus furcatus Willd. S: Na pirittha LC
Hibiscus lobatus (Murray) Kuntze LC
Hibiscus lunariifolius Willd. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Bebila;
Hibiscus micranthus L.f. LC
T: Perumaddi
Hibiscus panduriformis Burm.f. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kapu-kinissa;
Hibiscus platanifolius (Willd.) Sweet Hibiscus eriocarpus DC. LC
T: parutti
85
of Ceylon
Hibiscus surattensis L. S: Hin-napiritta LC
S: Beli-patta, Wal beli;

Hibiscus tiliaceus L. LC
T: Aritia, Nir-paratthi
S: Maha-epala;
Hibiscus vitifolius L. LC
T: Vaddattutti
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Julostylis angustifolia (Arn.) Thwaites S: Kirella EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Melochia corchorifolia L. S: Gal kura, Maha-galkura LC
S: Keliya, Kohu-kirilla;
Microcos paniculata L. LC
T: Kapila
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pavonia fryxelliana Fosberg & Sachet EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pavonia procumbens (Wight & Arn.) Walp. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pavonia zeylanica (L.) Cav. Pavonia odorata Willd. LC
Pentapetes phoenicea L. S: Bandu-wada LC
Diplodiscus verrucosus S: Dik andhe, Dik wenna;

Pityranthe verrucosa Thwaites LC
(Thwaites) Kosterm. T: Vid pani, Yakada maram
E: Fishing rod tree;

Pterospermum suberifolium (L.) Raeusch. S: Valangu, Velung, LC
Welan; T: Taddaemarum
Pterygota thwaitesii (Mast.) Alston S: Etaritiva, Galnawa VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Sida acuta Burm.f. S: Gas-bebila LC
Sida alnifolia L. LC
S: Wel-bevila;
Sida cordata (Burm.f.) Borss.Waalk. LC
T: Palampadu, Palampasi
S: Bevila, Heen anoda;
Sida cordifolia L. LC
T: Cheevakanpudu
Sida cuneifolia Roxb. * DD
S: Giriwadi-bevila,
Sida mysorensis Wight & Arn. LC
Siriwedi-bevila
S: Bebila,
Sida rhombifolia L. Kotikan-bevila; LC
T: Chittamaddi
Sida spinosa L. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Sterculia balanghas L. S: Nawa LC
S: Telambu,
Sterculia foetida L. T: Kadutenga, Kaduteynga, LC
Pinari
S: Alaheraliya, Dadiya,
Sterculia urens Roxb. NT
Kawali
Sterculia zeylanica Kosterm. S: Kavali, Kavili, Tondi VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Tulip tree;
Thespesia populnea (L.) Sol. ex Corrêa S: Gan suriya, Suriya; LC
T: Kavarachu, Puvarachu
86
of Ceylon
Thespesia populneoides (Roxb.) Kostel. * DD
Triumfetta glabra Spreng. NT
Triumfetta pentandra A.Rich. S: Epala, Kapu kinissa LC
Triumfetta pilosa Roth LC
Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. E: Epala LC
Urena lobata L. S: Epala, Patta-epala LC
S: Heen-epala,
Urena sinuata L. LC
Patta-epala
Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) Thwaites S: Kiri-kaju NT
Family: Marantaceae
Indianthus virgatus (Roxb.) Suksathan & Schumannianthus virgatus

S: Geta-oluwa CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Borchs. (Roxb.) Rolfe
Phrynium rheedei Suresh & B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Phrynium pubinerve Blume S: Et-bemi-kiriya EN
Nicolson +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Stachyphrynium zeylanicum
Stachyphrynium spicatum (Roxb.) K.Schum. S: Hulan-kiriya CR(PE)
(Benth.) K.Schum.
Family: Melastomataceae
Kendrickia walkeri (Thwaites)

Kendrickia walkeri Hook.f. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hook.f. ex Triana
Lijndenia capitellata (Arn.) K.Bremer S: Pini-baru VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lijndenia gardneri (Thwaites) K.Bremer VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Medinilla cuneata (Thwaites) K.Bremer &
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Lundin
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Medinilla fuchsioides Gardner EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Medinilla maculata Gardner EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Bovitiya, Katakaloowa,
Melastoma malabathricum L. LC
Maha-bovitiya
E: Blue mist;
Memecylon angustifolium Wight VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kora kaha
S: Dedi-kaha,
Dodan-kaha, Wel-kaha,
Weli-kaha;
Memecylon capitellatum L. LC
T: Katti-kaya,
Pavaddai-kaya,
Venkali-kaya
Memecylon clarkeanum Cogn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon cuneatum Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon discolor Cogn. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon ellipticum Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
87
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon fuscescens Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon giganteum Alston EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon gracillimum Alston CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Dedi-kaha,
Memecylon grande Retz. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dodan-wenna
Memecylon hookeri Thwaites S: Kevitiya-kera EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon leucanthum Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon macrocarpumThwaites S: Mahakuratiya EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon macrophyllum Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon orbiculare Thwaites CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon ovoideum Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon parvifolium Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon petiolatum Trimen ex Alston NT
Memecylon phyllanthifolium Thwaites ex

CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Triana
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon procerum Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon revolutum Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon rhinophyllum Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon rivulare K.Bremer VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Heen-kuretiya,
Memecylon rostratum Thwaites NT
Kin-kuretiya, Kuretiya
Memecylon rotundatum (Thwaites) Cogn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Dedi-kaha, Weli-kaha;
Memecylon royenii Blume VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Kashamaram
Memecylon sessile Benth. ex Wight & Arn. Memecylon sessile Benth. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon sylvaticum Thwaites NT
E: Blue mist;
S: Kora-kaha;
Memecylon umbellatum Burm.f. LC
T: Kaya, Kurre-kaya,
Pandikaya
Memecylon urceolatum Cogn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon varians Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Memecylon wightii Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Osbeckia aspera Blume S: Bowitiya NT
88
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Osbeckia buxifolia Arn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Osbeckia lanata Alston EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Osbeckia moonii Thwaites CR(PE)
S: Bowitiya,
Osbeckia octandra (L.) DC. LC
Heen bowitiya
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Osbeckia parvifolia Arn. S: Bowitiya VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Osbeckia rheedei Gardner ex Thwaites CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Osbeckia rubicunda Arn. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Osbeckia walkeri Arn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Osbeckia zeylanica L.f. NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila affinis Arn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila arnottiana Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila cordifolia Cogn. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila crassicaulis Lundin EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila firma (Thwaites ex C.B.Clarke) Lundin CR(PE)
Sonerila gardneri Thwaites CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila glaberrima Arn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila glabricaulis (Thwaites ex C.B.Clarke) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
Lundin +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila guneratnei Trimen EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila harveyi Thwaites CR(PE)
Sonerila hirsutula Arn. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila hookeriana Arn. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila lanceolata Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila pedunculosa Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila pilosula Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila pumila Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila rhombifolia Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila robusta Arn. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila silvatica Lundin VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
89
of Ceylon
Sonerila tomentella Thwaites CR(PE)
Sonerila wightiana Arn. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Sonerila zeylanica Wight & Arn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Meliaceae
Aglaia apiocarpa (Thwaites) Hiern LC
Aglaia elaeagnoidea (A.Juss.) Benth. T: Kannakampu LC
Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) R.Parker S: Ela-hirilla, Hingul VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Chittagong Wood;
Chukrasia tabularis A.Juss. S: Hiri-kita, Hulan-hik; NT
T: Aglai, Kaloti
S: Hal-bembiya;
Cipadessa baccifera (Roth) Miq. LC
T: Pulippan-cheddi
Dysoxylum championii Hook.f. & Thomson ex
S: Gona-pana VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Thwaites
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dysoxylum excelsum Blume EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dysoxylum ficiforme (Wight)
Dysoxylum gotadhora (Buch.-Ham.) Mabb. NT
Gamble
Melia azedarach L.▲ S: Lunu-midella DD
A2d,
Munronia pinnata (Wall.) W.Theob. S: Bin-kohomba EN
B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Soymida febrifuga (Roxb.) A.Juss.▲ DD
Walsura gardneri Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kirikon, Mal-petta;
Walsura trifoliolata subsp. trifoliata (A.Juss.) Walsura trifoliolata (A.Juss.)
T: Chadavakku, Chokala, LC
Harms Harms
Kanjimaran, Malaivirali
Walsura trifoliolata subsp. acuminata (Trimen) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
T.Clark ▲ +2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Mutti-kadol;
Xylocarpus granatum J.Koenig T: Kandal anga, Kontalai, EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Somuntheri
Xylocarpus rumphii (Kostel.) Mabb. S: Mudu-delun CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Menispermaceae
Anamirta cocculus (L.) Wight & Arn. S: Titta-wel LC
S: Diya-mitta;
Cissampelos pareira L. LC
T: Appatta
T: Kattukkodi, B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cocculus hirsutus (L.) W.Theob. CR
Sirunkattukodi +2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: False calumba;
Coscinium fenestratum (Gaertn.) Colebr. S: Bang-wela, LC
Veni-val-gata, Weni-wel
90
of Ceylon
S: Kehi-pittan,
Cyclea peltata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson Kessi-pissan; LC
T: Vouthuvullykodi
Diploclisia glaucescens (Blume) Diels T: Kottaiyachachi VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hypserpa nitida Miers ex Benth. S: Niri-wel. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pachygone ovata (Poir.) Miers ex Hook.f. &

T: Kaddukkodi, Kattukkodi NT
Thomson
Stephania japonica (Thumb.) Miers. S: Lunu-ketiya-wel VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Tiliacora acuminata (Lam.) Miers T: Manchone, Kocha-kodi VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Hook.f. & S: Rasakinda;

LC
Thomson T: Chintil
S: Bu-kinda, Rasa-kinda,
Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Wal-kinda,
Family: Menyanthaceae
Nymphoides aurantiaca (Dalzell) Kuntze CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Heen-ambala,
Nymphoides hydrophylla (Lour.) Kuntze LC
Heen-olu
Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze S: Maha-ambala, Olu LC
Nymphoides parvifolia (Griseb.) Kuntze S: Bin olu CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Molluginaceae
Glinus lotoides L. LC
S: Heen-ala;
Glinus oppositifolius (L.) Aug.DC. Glinus oppositifolia (L.) A.DC. LC
T: Kachchantirai
S: Udetta;
Hypertelis cerviana (L.) Thulin Mollugo cerviana (L.) Ser. T: Kachchantirai, LC
Pat-padakam
Mollugo disticha (L.) Ser. S: Manal-thishni LC
Paramollugo nudicaulis (Lam.) Thulin Mollugo nudicaulis Lam. NT
Trigastrotheca pentaphylla (L.) Thulin Mollugo pentaphylla L. LC
Family: Monimiaceae
Hortonia angustifolia (Thwaites) Trimen VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hortonia floribunda Wight ex Arn. S: Wawiya, Weyiya EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hortonia ovalifolia Wight CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Moraceae
E: Upas tree;
Antiaris toxicaria (J.F.Gmel.) Lesch. S: Riti; NT
T: Netavili
Artocarpus gomezianus subsp. zeylanicus E: Monkey jak;
NT
Jarrett S: Kana-gona
91
of Ceylon
S: Bedi-del, Del,
Artocarpus nobilis Thwaites Hingala del, LC
T: Arsini-pla
Broussonetia zeylanica
Allaeanthus zeylanicus Thwaites S: Alandu VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
(Thwaites) Corner
Dorstenia indica Wight NT
S: Ela-nuga;
Ficus amplissima Sm. LC
T: Kalatti
E: Banyan;
Ficus arnottiana (Miq.) Miq. LC
S: Kaudu-bo, Patana-bo
E: Krishna bo,
Krishna’s cup;
Ficus benghalensis L. LC
S: Maha-nuga;
T: Al, Arla
Ficus callosa Willd. S: Wal-gona LC
Ficus caulocarpa (Miq.) Miq. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ficus costata Aiton EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ficus diversiformis Miq. LC
Ficus drupacea var. pubescens (Roth) Corner S: Bu-nuga LC
E: Furniture leaf;
Ficus exasperata Vahl S: Bu-thediya, LC
Sewan-mediya
S: Kos-gona, Nuga;
Ficus fergusonii (King) T.B.Worth. ex Corner LC
T: Al, Arla
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ficus heterophylla L.f. S: Wal-ehetu EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ficus hispida L.f. S: Kota-dimbula LC
Ficus laevis Blume LC
Ficus microcarpa L.f. LC
Ficus mollis Vahl S: Wal-aralu LC
Ficus nervosa subsp. minor (King) C.C.Berg Ficus nervosa B.Heyne ex Roth S: Kalu-maduwa LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ficus pubilimba Merr. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ficus racemosa L. S: Attikka; T: Atti LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ficus talbotii King EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ficus tinctoria subsp. parasitica S: Gas-anguna,
Ficus tinctoria subsp. gibbosa (Blume) Corner LC
(Willd.) Corner Gas-netul, Wal-ehetu
Ficus trimenii King ex Trimen EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ficus tsjakela Burm.f. S: Kiri-pela, Kiripella LC
Ficus virens var. matthewii Chantaras. * DD
92
of Ceylon
Ficus virens var. virens Aiton Ficus virens Aiton LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Plecospermum spinosum
Maclura spinosa (Willd.) C.C.Berg S: Katu-timbol VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
(Willd.) Trécul
E: Crooked rough-bush;
S: Geta-netul, Gas-netul,
Streblus asper Lour. LC
Netol;
T: Papirai, Pirasu
E: Fig-lime;
Streblus taxoides (B.Heyne) Kurz LC
S: Gon-gotu
Streblus zeylanicus (Thwaites) Kurz EN B2ab(I,ii,iii)
Family: Musaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Musa acuminata Colla S: Gal kehel, Unel CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Musa balbisiana Colla S: Eti kehel EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Myristicaceae
Horsfieldia irya (Gaertn.) Warb. S: Iriya LC
S: Malabodde,
Horsfieldia iryaghedhi (Gaertn.) Warb. Malaboda, Ruk, VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ruk-gedhi, Thalan
Myristica ceylanica A.DC. S: Maloboda LC
S: Malaboda, Perimavara;
Myristica dactyloides Gaertn. LC
T: Palmanikam
Family: Myrtaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia amoena Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia floccifera Thwaites CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia fulva Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia glabra Alston EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia haeckeliana Trimen CR(PE)
Eugenia haputalense Kosterm. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia hypoleuca Thwaites ex Kosterm. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia insignis Thwaites CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia mabaeoides Wight LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia madugodaense Kosterm. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia mooniana Wight Eugenia thwaitesii Duthie LC
93
of Ceylon
Eugenia pedunculata Trimen CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia phillyreoides Trimen CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia pseudomabaeoides Kosterm. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia rheophytica Kosterm. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia rivulorum Thwaites EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia rotundata (Trimen) Trimen NT
Eugenia roxburghii DC. Eugenia willdenowii DC. LC
Eugenia rufofulva Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia sripadaense Kosterm. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eugenia terpnophylla var. terpnophylla

Eugenia terpnophylla Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Thwaites
Eugenia xanthocarpa Thwaites EW
Rhodomyrtus tomentosa var. parviflora Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Ait.) E: Wild guava;

NT
(Alston) A.J.Scott Hassk. S: Seetha pera
Syzygium alubo Kosterm. S: Alu-bo NT
Syzygium amphoraecarpus Kosterm. S: Wal-jambu NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium assimile Thwaites S: Damba EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium batadamba Kosterm. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Dan, Heen-dan,
Syzygium caryophyllatum (L.) Alston LC
Rin-dan
Syzygium cordifolium (Wight) Walp. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Madan, Maha dan;

Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels LC
T: Naval, Perunaval
Syzygium cyclophyllum (Thwaites ex Duthie) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
Alston +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium cylindricum (Wight) Alston VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium fergusonii (Trimen) Gamble EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium firmum Thwaites S: Wal jambu EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium gardneri Thwaites S: Damba, T: Nir-nawal LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium hemisphericum (Wight) Alston EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium kanneliyense Kosterm. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
94
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium lewisii Alston EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Karaw, Maha kuretiye, B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium lissophyllum Thwaites EN
Pinibaru T: Damba +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium micranthum Thwaites LC
Syzygium montis-adam Kosterm. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium neesianum Thwaites S: Panu kera LC
Cleistocalyx operculatus (Roxb.) S: Bata damba,

Syzygium nervosum A.Cunn. ex DC. LC
Merr. & Perry Diya-damba, Kobo mal
Syzygium oliganthum Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium potamicum Kosterm. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium revolutum Walp. LC
Syzygium rotundifolium Arn. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium sclerophyllum Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium spathulatum Thwaites LC
Syzygium spissum Alston VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium turbinatum Alston VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Heen damba,
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Syzygium umbrosum Thwaites Vali-damba; EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Naval
Syzygium wightianum Wall. ex W. & Arn. LC
S: Yakul maran;
T: Maranda, Mariangi,
Syzygium zeylanicum (L.) DC. LC
Marung, Marungi
Family: Nelumbonaceae
E: Lotus, Sacred beam;

Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. LC
S: Nelum; T: Tamarai
Family: Nepenthaceae
E: Pitcher plant;
Nepenthes distillatoria L. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Bandura wel
Family: Nyctaginaceae
S: Pita-sudu-pala,
Pita sudda;
Boerhavia diffusa L. LC
T: Karichcharanai,
Mukkaraichchi
Commicarpus chinensis (L.) Heimerl * DD
E: Lettuce tree,
Pisonia aculeata L. Moluccan cabbage; NT
S: Vavul-lairitiya
95
of Ceylon
Family: Nymphaeaceae
E: Water lily;
Nymphaea nouchali var. nouchali Burm.f. Nymphaea nouchali Burm.f. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Nil manel, Nilupul
Nymphaea nouchali var. versicolour (Sims)
S: Tel-olu VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Guruge and Yakandawala *
E: Egyptian lotus,
Nymphaea pubescens Willd. LC
Water lilly; S: Et-olu, Olu
Family: Nyssaceae
Mastixia arborea subsp.macrophylla Mastixia macrophylla B1ab(i,ii,iii)

VU
(Thwaites) K.M.Matthew (Thwaites) Kosterm. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Mastixia congylos Kosterm. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Mastixia montana Kosterm. S: Diya-taleya, Diya-taliya VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Mastixia nimalii Kosterm. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Mastixia tetrandra (Wight ex Thwaites) S: Diya-taliya,
LC
C.B.Clarke Maha-tawara
Family: Ochnaceae
Campylospermum serratum (Gaertn.) Bittrich S: Bo-kera, Kera, Go-kera;

Gomphia serrata (Gaertn.) Kanis LC
& M.C.E.Amaral T: Katharai, Ramanchi
S: Bo-kera, Mal-kera;
Ochna jabotapita L. NT
T: Chilanti
S: Bo-kera,Gal kena,
Ochna lanceolata Spreng. Ge-karal, Mal-kera; LC
T: Katharai, Katkarai
S: Mal-kera;
Ochna obtusata DC. LC
T: Chilanti, Sellindi
Family: Olacaceae
Olax imbricata Roxb. S: Telatiya NT
Olax scandens Roxb. T: Kadalranchi LC
Olax zeylanica L. S: Maila, Mella LC
Strombosia ceylanica var. ceylanica Gardner Strombosia ceylanica Gardner S: Pub-beriya, Pathu-bari VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Strombosia nana Kosterm. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Hog-plum, Monkey
Ximenia americana L. plum, Tallow nut; DD
T: Chiru-illantai
Family: Oleaceae
S: Embul-korakaha,
Chionanthus albidiflorus Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Gal-metta,Taccada-gas
S: Dambu, Geratiya,
Chionanthus zeylanicus L. LC
Geriata; T: Kattimuruchan
Jasminum bignoniaceum subsp.
Chrysojasminum bignoniaceum subsp. zeylanicum P.S.Green
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
zeylanicum (P.S.Green) Banfi
96
of Ceylon
E: Wild jasmine;
Jasminum angustifolium var. angustifolium Jasminum angustifolium S: Wal-pichcha,
LC
(L.) Willd. (L.) Willd. Wal-saman- pichcha,
We-kanda
Jasminum angustifolium var. hirsutum
CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
P.S.Green ▲
Jasminum angustifolium var. sessiliflorum
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
(Vahl) P.S.Green ▲
Jasminum auriculatum Vahl LC
Jasminum rottlerianum Wall.

Jasminum coarctatum var. coarctatum Roxb. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
ex DC.
Jasminum flexile Vahl LC
Ligustrum robustum subsp. walkeri (Decne.) Ligustrum robustum (Roxb.)

S: Bora LC
P.S.Green Blume
Olea paniculata R.Br. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Olea polygama Wight VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Onagraceae
S: Beru-diyamilla,
Ludwigia adscendens (L.) H.Hara LC
Beru-diyanilla
Ludwigia octovalvis subsp. sessiliflora (Micheli) Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.)
LC
P.H.Raven P.H.Raven
Ludwigia perennis L. S: Piduruwella LC
Ludwigia prostrata Roxb. DD
Family: Opiliaceae
Cansjera rheedei J.F.Gmel. S: Eta-mura LC
Opilia amentacea Roxb. LC
Family: Orchidaceae
Acampe ochracea (Lindl.) Hochr. NT
Acampe praemorsa (Roxb.) Blatt. & McCann LC
Acampe praemorsa var. longepedunculata Acampe rigida (Buch.-Ham. ex

VU B1ab(iii)
(Trimen) Govaerts Sm.) P.F.Hunt
Acanthophippium bicolor Lindl. EN B2ab(iii,iv)
B1ab(iii)
Adrorhizon purpurascens (Thwaites) Hook.f. VU
+2ab(iii)
B1ab(iii)
Aerangis hologlottis (Schltr.) Schltr. EN
+2ab(iii)
Aerides ringens (Lindl.) C.E.C.Fisch. NT
B1ab(iii)
Agrostophyllum zeylanicum Hook.f. EN
+2ab(iii)
Angraecum zeylanicum Lindl. NT
97
of Ceylon
Anoectochilus elatus Lindl. DD
Anoectochilus regalis Blume S: Wana-raja VU A4bd
Aphyllorchis montana Rchb.f. VU B1ab(iii)
B1ab(iii)
Apostasia wallichii R.Br. EN
+2ab(iii)
Arundina graminifolia subsp. caespitosa (Aver.) B1ab(iii)
Arundina minor Lindl. EN
H.A.Pedersen & Schuit. +2ab(iii,iv,v)
Arundina graminifolia subsp. graminifolia
DD
(D.Don) Hochr.*
B1ab(iii)
Bromheadia srilankensis Kruiz. & de Vogel. EN
+2ab(iii)
B1ab(iii)
Bulbophyllum crassifolium Thwaites ex Trimen EN
+2ab(iii)
Bulbophyllum elegans Gardner ex Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Bulbophyllum jayaweerae
Bulbophyllum elliae Rchb.f. NT
Fernando & Ormerod
B1ab(iii,iv),
Bulbophyllum macraei (Lindl.) Rchb.f. VU
C(iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Bulbophyllum maskeliyense Livera EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Bulbophyllum petiolare Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Bulbophyllum purpureum Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Bulbophyllum thwaitesii Rchb.f. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Bulbophyllum tricarinatum Petch CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Bulbophyllum trimenii (Hook.f.) J.J.Sm. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Bulbophyllum wightii Rchb.f. NT
Calanthe sylvatica (Thouars) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Calanthe masuca (D.Don) Lindl. # VU
Lindl. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Calanthe triplicata (Willemet) Ames NT
Cheirostylis flabellata (A.Rich.) Wight EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cheirostylis parvifolia Lindl. NT
Chiloschista fasciata (F.Muell.) Seidenf. &

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ormerod
Chrysoglossum ornatum Blume VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cleisostoma tenuifolium (L.) Garay. NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Coelogyne breviscapa Lindl. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Coelogyne odoratissima Lindl. NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Corymborkis veratrifolia (Reinw.) Blume CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
98
of Ceylon
Cottonia peduncularis (Lindl.) Rchb.f. NT
Crepidium purpureum (Lindl.) Szlach. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Crepidium versicolor (Lindl.) Sushil K.Singh, Malaxis versicolor (Lindl.)

LC
Agrawala & Jalal Abeyw.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cryptostylis arachnites (Blume) Hassk. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cylindrolobus lindleyi (Thwaites) Ormerod &
Eria lindleyi Thwaites NT
C.S.Kumar
Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. LC
Cymbidium bicolor Lindl. LC
Cymbidium haematodes Lindl.

Cymbidium ensifolilum (L.) Sw VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyrtosia javanica Blume CR(PE)
Dendrobium diodon subsp. diodon Rchb.f. Dendrobium diodon Rchb.f. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dendrobium heterocarpum Wall. ex Lindl. E: Primrose orchid EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dendrobium nutantiflorum
Dendrobium jerdonianum Wight NT
A.D.Hawkes & A.H.Heller
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dendrobium maccarthiae Thwaites S: Wesak-mal EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Flickingeria macraei (Lindl.)
Dendrobium macraei Lindl. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Seidenf.
Dendrobium aphyllum (Roxb.)
Dendrobium macrostachyum Lindl. # LC
C.E.C.Fisch.
Dendrobium panduratum subsp. panduratum
Dendrobium panduratum Lindl. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lindl.
Dendrobium salaccense (Blume) Lindl. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dendrobium taprobanium Atthanagoda,

Priyadarshana, Wijewardhane, Aberathna, DD
Peabotuwage & Kumar *
Didymoplexis pallens Griff. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Didymoplexis seidenfadenii C.S.Kumar &

CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ormerod
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dienia ophrydis (J.Koenig) Seidenf. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Diplocentrum recurvum Lindl. CR(PE)
Diploprora championii (Lindl.) Hook.f. NT
Disperis neilgherrensis Wight VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Epipogium roseum (D.Don) Lindl. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Porpax muscicola (Lindl.)

Eria oblonga (Trimen) Bajrach. & K.K.Shrestha # LC
Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Erythrodes latiloba Ormerod VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
99
of Ceylon
Eulophia epidendraea (J.Koenig ex Retz.)
LC
C.E.C.Fisch.
Eulophia graminea Lindl. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eulophia spectabilis (Dennst.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Eulophia nuda Lindl. VU
Suresh +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eulophia pulchra (Thouars) Lindl. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eulophia zollingeri (Rchb.f.) J.J.Sm. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Gastrochilus acaulis (Lindl.) Kuntze NT
Gastrochilus obliquus (Lindl.) Kuntze * EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Gastrodia gunatillekeorum Bandara,

EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Priyankara & Kumar *
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Gastrodia zeylanica Schltr. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Geodorum recurvum (Roxb.) Alston EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Goodyera fumata Thwaites CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Goodyera procera (Ker Gawl.) Hook. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Goodyera stelidifera Ormerod. CR(PE)
Habenaria acuminata (Thwaites) Trimen. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Habenaria barbata Wight ex Hook.f. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Habenaria crinifera Lindl. VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Habenaria dichopetala Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Habenaria dolichostachya Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Habenaria macrostachya Lindl. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Habenaria plantaginea Lindl. E: Pigeon orchid VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Habenaria pterocarpa Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Habenaria rhynchocarpa (Thwaites) Trimen EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Habenaria roxburghii Nicolson. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Habenaria viridiflora (Rottler ex Sw.) R.Br. ex
NT
Spreng.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hetaeria gardneri (Thwaites) Trimen Hetaeria oblongifolia Blume EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
A2cd,
Ipsea speciosa Lindl. E: Daffodil orchid EN
B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Liparis atropurpurea Lindl. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
100
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Liparis barbata Lindl. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Liparis brachyglottis Rchb.f. ex Trimen EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Liparis cespitosa (Lam.) Lindl. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Liparis elliptica Wight VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindl. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Liparis thwaitesii Hook.f. DD
Liparis viridiflora (Blume) Lindl. NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Liparis walkerae Graham VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Liparis wightiana Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Luisia tenuifolia Blume Luisia birchea Blume NT
Luisia zeylanica Lindl. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Malaxis densiflora (A.Rich.) Kuntze EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Malaxis discolor (Lindl.) Kuntze NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Malaxis thwaitesii Bennet EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Nervilia concolor (Blume) Schltr. * EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Nervilia juliana (Roxb.) Schltr. DD
Nervilia plicata (Andrews) Schltr. * VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Nervilia simplex (Thouars) Schltr. * VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Oberonia bicornis Lindl. Oberonia tenuis Lindl. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Oberonia claviloba Jayaw. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Oberonia dolabrata Jayaw. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Oberonia forcipata Lindl. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Oberonia fornicata Jayaw. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Oberonia longibracteata Lindl. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Oberonia meegaskumburae Priyad., Wijew. &
CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Kumar *
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Oberonia quadrilatera Jayaw. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Oberonia recurva Lindl. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Oberonia scyllae Lindl. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
101
of Ceylon
Oberonia thwaitesii Hook.f. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Oberonia truncata Lindl. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Oberonia wallie-silvae Jayaw. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Oberonia weragamaensis Jayaw. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Oberonia wightiana Lindl. NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Oberonia zeylanica Hook.f. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Octarrhena parvula Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Panisea zeylanica (Hook.f.) Aver. Coelogyne zeylanica Hook.f. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Papilionanthe cylindrica (Lindl.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Papilionanthe subulata (Willd.) Garay VU
Seidenf. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Peristylus aristatus Lindl. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Peristylus brevilobus Thwaites NT
Peristylus cubitalis (L.) Kraenzl. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Peristylus densus (Lindl.) Santapau & Kapadia DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Peristylus gardneri (Hook.f.) Kraenzl. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Peristylus plantagineus (Lindl.) Lindl. CR(PE)
B1ab(ii,iii,iv
Peristylus spiralis A.Rich. VU
+2ab(ii,iii,iv)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Peristylus trimenii (Hook.f.) Abeyw. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Phaius luridus Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Phaius wallichii Lindl. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Phalaenopsis deliciosa Rchb.f. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Phalaenopsis mysorensis C.J.Sadanha EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pholidota imbricata Hook. S: Nari ala LC
Phreatia elegans Lindl. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Phreatia jayaweerae Ormerod EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pinalia bicolor (Lindl.) Kuntze Eria bicolor Lindl. NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pinalia tricolor (Thwaites) Kuntze Eria tricolor Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Podochilus falcatus Lindl. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Podochilus malabaricus Wight Podochilus malabaricum Wight NT
102
of Ceylon
Podochilus saxatilis Lindl. NT
Podochilus warnagalensis Wijew., Priyad., B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
Arang., Atthan., Samar. & Kumar * +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Polystachya concreta (Jacq.) Garay &
LC
H.R.Sweet
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pomatocalpa decipiens (Lindl.) J.J.Sm.▲ VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pomatocalpa maculosum subsp. maculosum Pomatocalpa maculosum
LC
(Lindl.) J.J.Sm. (Lindl.) J.J.Sm.
Porpax articulata (Lindl.) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & Conchidium articulatum (Lindl.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
H.A.Pedersen Rauschert +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Porpax braccata (Lindl.) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & Conchidium braccatum (Lindl.)
NT
H.A.Pedersen Brieger
Pteroceras dalaputtuwa Atthanagoda,
Priyadarshana, Wijewardana, Aberathna & DD
Kumar *
Pteroceras viridiflorum (Thwaites) Holttum CR C,C2b
E: Batticaloa orchid,
Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Blume EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Fox-tail orchid
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Robiquetia brevifolia (Lindl.) Garay VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Robiquetia gracilis (Lindl.) Garay EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Robiquetia rosea (Lindl.) Garay EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Robiquetia virescens (Gard. ex
Robiquetia virescens Ormerod & S.S.Fernando NT
Lindl.) Jayaw.
Satyrium nepalense D.Don E: Hyacinth orchid NT
Schoenorchis nivea (Lindl.) Schltr. NT
Schoenorchis tortifolia (Jayaw.) Garay VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Seidenfadeniella filiformis (Rchb.f.) Christenson B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
& Ormerod +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sirhookera lanceolata (Wight) Kuntze NT
Sirhookera latifolia (Wight) Kuntze CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Spiranthes australis (R.Br.) Lindl. # Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames NT
Spiranthes flexuosa (Sm.) Lindl. * DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stichorkis gibbosa (Finet) J.J.Wood # Stichorkis distichis Thouars VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Taeniophyllum alwisii Lindl. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Taeniophyllum gilimalense Jayaw. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Tainia bicornis (Lindl.) Rchb.f. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Taprobanea spathulata (L.) Christenson VU A2d
103
of Ceylon
Trichotosia thwaitesii (Trimen) Ormerod & B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eria thwaitesii Trimen EN
C.S.Kumar +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Thrixspermum pugionifolium (Hook.f.) Schltr. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Thrixspermum pulchellum (Thwaites) Schltr. LC
Thrixspermum walkeri Seidenf. & Ormerod. EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Trichoglottis tenera (Lindl.) Rchb.f. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Tropidia bambusifolia (Thwaites) Trimen EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Tropidia thwaitesii Hook.f. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Vanda tessellata (Roxb.) Hook. ex G.Don EN C1 (i,ii)
Vanda testacea (Lindl.) Rchb.f. LC
Vanda thwaitesii Hook.f. CR(PE)
Vanda wightii Rchb.f. DD
Vanilla moonii Thwaites CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Vanilla walkerae Wight EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Vanilla wightii Lindl. ex White DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Zeuxine blatteri C.E.C.Fisch. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Zeuxine longilabris (Lindl.) Trimen EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Zeuxine regia (Lindl.) Trimen S: Iru raja EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Zeuxine reginasilvae Ormerod. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Zeuxine strateumatica (L.) Schltr. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Orobanchaceae
Aeginetia indica L. S: Kolikarmal VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Aeginetia pedunculata Wall. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Campbellia cytinoides (Reut.) Wight CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Centranthera indica (L.) Gamble S: Dutu-satutu LC
Centranthera tranquebarica (Spreng.) Merr. NT
Christisonia albida Thwaites ex Hook.f. CR(PE)
Christisonia bicolor Gardner VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Christisonia calcarata Wight Christisonia lawii Wight EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
104
of Ceylon
Legocia aurantiaca (Wight)
Christisonia legocia Beck. CR B2ab(iii, iv)
Livera
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Christisonia subacaulis (Benth.) Gardner EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Christisonia thwaitesii Trimen EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Christisonia tricolor Gardner EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Parasopubia delphiniifolia (L.) H.-P.Hofm. &
Sopubia delphiniifolia (L.) G.Don LC
Eb.Fisch.
Pedicularis zeylanica subsp. zeylanica Benth. Pedicularis zeylanica Benth. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Sopubia trifida Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Striga angustifolia (D.Don) C.J.Saldanha NT
Striga asiatica (L.) Kuntze Striga lutea Lour. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Striga gesnerioides (Willd.) Vatke EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Oxalidaceae
Biophytum hermanni Veldkamp * DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Biophytum intermedium Wight EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Biophytum nervifolium Thwaites NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Biophytum nudum (Arn.) Wight EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Biophytum proliferum (Arn.) Wight LC
S: Bin-nelli,
Biophytum reinwardtii (Zucc.) Klotzsch LC
Gas-nidikumba
Family: Pandanaceae
S: Duna-keyiya,
Benstonea thwaitesii (Martelli) Callm. & Buerki # Pandanus thwaitesii Martelli VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dunu-keyiya
Freycinetia pycnophylla Solms S: Kolla VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Freycinetia walkeri Solms NT
S: Dunu-keyya, O-keyiya,
Pandanus ceylanicus Solms VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Watta-keyiya
S: Arulu, Watta-keyiya,
Pandanus kaida Kurz. Watta-keyiya-aralu, LC
Weta-keyiya
E: Screw-pine;
S: Mudu-keyiya
Pandanus odorifer (Forssk.) Kuntze Pandanus odoratissimus L.f. LC
Weta-keyiya;
T: Talai
Family: Passifloraceae
Adenia hondala (Gaertn.) W.J.de Wilde S: Hondala, Pota-honda LC
105
of Ceylon
Adenia wightiana (Wall. ex Wight & Arn.) Engl. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Pedaliaceae
S: Et-nerenchi;
T: Anai-nerinchi,
Pedalium murex L. LC
Periru-ar nerenchi,
Peru-nerinchi
Sesamum prostratum Retz. CR B1ab(iii,iv);D
Family: Pentaphylaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Adinandra lasiopetala (Wight) Choisy S: Mihiriya, Rutu-mihiriya EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Wild tea,
Eurya acuminata DC. NT
S: Wana-halu
Eurya ceylanica Wight VU B1ab(iii,iv)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eurya chinensis R.Br. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eurya nitida Korth S: Neya-dassa EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ternstroemia emarginata (Gardner) Choisy S: Rathatiya EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Mihiriya,
Ternstroemia gymnanthera (White & Arn.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pena-mihiriya, EN
Beddome +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rattiya, Rattota
Family: Peraceae
Chaetocarpus castanocarpus (Roxb.) Thwaites S: Hedawaka, Hedoka LC
S: Gal-hadoka,
Chaetocarpus coriaceus Thwaites LC
Hedawaka, Hedoka
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Chaetocarpus ferrugineus Philcox VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Chaetocarpus pubescens (Thwaites) Hook.f. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Phrymaceae
Peplidium maritimum (L.f.) Asch. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Glossostigma diandrum (L.) Kuntze Glossostigma diandra (L.) Kuntze DD
Family: Phyllanthaceae
Actephila excelsa (Dalzell) Müll.Arg. S: Et-pitawakka LC
Antidesma alexiteria L. S: Heen-embiliya LC
Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng. S: Karawala- kebella LC
Antidesma ghaesembilla Gaertn. S: Bu-embilla LC
Antidesma pyrifolium Müll.Arg. LC
Antidesma thwaitesianum Mulell. Arg. S: Karawala- kebella VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
106
of Ceylon
Antidesma walkeri (Tul.) Pax & Hoffm. S: Thimbiliya VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Aporosa fusiformis Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Aporosa acuminata Thwaites LC
S: Barawa-embilla,
Aporosa cardiosperma (Gaertn.) Merr. Aporusa lindleyana (Wight) Baill. LC
Kebella
S: Heen kebella,
Aporosa lanceolata (Tul.) Thwaites LC
Veli-mediya
Aporusa cardiosperma (Gaertn.) S: Mapat-kabella,
Aporosa latifolia Thwaites # LC
Merr. Kampotta, Pepiliya
Breynia retusa (Dennst.) Alston S: Wa, Wal-murunga LC
S: Gas-kayila;
Breynia vitis-idaea (Burm.f.) C.E.C.Fischer LC
T: Manipunati
Bridelia moonii Thwaites S: Patkela LC
S: Ketakala;
Bridelia retusa (L.) A.Juss. LC
T: Mul-venkai
Bridelia stipularis (L.) Blume CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cleistanthus acuminatus (Thwaites) Muell.Arg. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb.) Benth▲ S: Madara DD
Cleistanthus ferrugineus (Thwaites) Muell.Arg. LC
S: Olu-peliya;
Cleistanthus pallidus (Thwaites) Müll.Arg. T: Visa LC
S: Anguru- kuratiya, Wa
Cleistanthus patulus (Roxb.) Müll.Arg. LC
Cleistanthus robustus (Thwaites) Müll.Arg. S: Pala EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Heen-katu-pila,
Flueggea leucopyrus Willd. Katu-pila; LC
T: Mudpulanthi
Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Voigt DD
Glochidion acutifolium Alston NT
Glochidion coriaceum Thwaites LC
Glochidion gardneri Thwaites CR(PE)
Glochidion montanum Thwaites LC
Glochidion mooni Thwaites S: Bu-hunu-kirilla LC
Glochidion nemorale Thwaites LC
Glochidion pachycarpum Alston LC
107
of Ceylon
Glochidion pycnocarpum (Muell.Arg.)
S: Hunu kirilla LC
Beddome
Glochidion stellatum (Retz.) Beddome S: Kirilla LC
Glochidion zeylanicum var. zeylanicum

S: Hunu kirilla LC
(Gaertn.) A.Juss.
Glochidion zeylanicum var. tomentosum
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Trimen
Margaritaria cyanosperma (Gaertn.) Airy Margaritaria cyanospermus
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Shaw (Gaertn.) Airy Shaw
Margaritaria indicus (Dalzell)
Margaritaria indica (Dalz.) Airy Shaw S: Karawu LC
Airy Shaw
Meineckia parvifolia (Wight) G.L.Webster NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Phyllanthus baillonianus Müll.Arg. S: Kela-karapincha EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Phyllanthus cinereus Müll.Arg. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Phyllanthus dealbatus Alston EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Bim-nelli, Pitawakka;
Phyllanthus debilis J.G.Klein ex Willd. LC
T: Kulhainelli
Phyllanthus emblica L. S: Nelli; T: Topu-nelli VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Phyllanthus gardnerianus (Wight) Baill. NT
Phyllanthus hakgalensis Thwaites ex Trimen CR(PE)
Phyllanthus heyneanus Muell.Arg. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Phyllanthus maderaspatensis L. LC
Phyllanthus myrtifolius (Wight) Müll.Arg. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Phyllanthus oreophilus Müll.Arg. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Phyllanthus pinnatus (Wight) G.L.Webster VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Phyllanthus racemosus L.f. Phyllanthus polyphyllus Willd. LC
S: Gas-dummella, Kaila,
Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. Wel-kayila; T: Mipullanti, LC
Pula, Pullanti
Phyllanthus rheedei Wight NT
Phyllanthus rotundifolius J.G.Klein ex Willd. LC
Phyllanthus simplex Retz. LC
S: Rat pita wakka;

Phyllanthus urinaria L. LC
T: Kilkaynelli
Phyllanthus wheeleri G.L.Webster NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Phyllanthus zeylanicus Müll.Arg. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
108
of Ceylon
S: Japan batu,
Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr. LC
Mella dum kola
Sauropus assimilis Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sauropus quadrangularis (Willd.) Muell.Arg. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sauropus retroversus Wight CR(PE)
Sauropus rigidus Thwaites S: Ginihiriya NT
Sauropus bacciformis (L.) Airy S: Bin-delung,

Synostemon bacciformis (L.) G.L.Webster LC
Shaw Et pitawakka
Family: Picrodendraceae
S: Tammanna,
Mischodon zeylanicus Thwaites Tammanua; LC
T: Tampanai
Family: Piperaceae
Peperomia dindygulensuis Miq.# Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Peperomia heyneana Miq. Peperomia wightiana (species 6) DD
Peperomia blanda var.

Peperomia leptostachya Hook. & Arn.▲ NT
floribunda (Miq.) H.Huber
Peperomia portulacoides (Lam.) A.Dietr. Peperomia candolleana Miq. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Peperomia pseudorhombea C.DC. EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Peperomia tetraphylla (G.Forst.) Hook. & Arn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Mala miris,
Piper fallax Vahl #
Piper sylvestre Lour. Mala-miris-wel, LC
Wal-gam-miris-wel
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Piper hymenophyllum Miq. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Piper trineuron Miq. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Piper walkeri Miq. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Piper zeylanicum Miq. LC
Family: Pittosporaceae
Pittosporum ceylanicum Wight S: Ketiya NT
Pittosporum tetraspermum Wight & Arn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Plantaginaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Adenosma camphorata Hook.f. S: Kaha-gona-kola EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Adenosma indiana (Lour.) Merr. S: Nil-gona-kola CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Adenosma subrepens (Thwaites) Benth. ex

CR(PE)
Hook.f.
Bacopa floribunda (R.Br.) Wettst. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
109
of Ceylon
Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. S: Lunu-wila LC
Dopatrium junceum (Roxb.) Buch.-Ham. ex

S: Bim-savan LC
Benth.
Dopatrium lobelioides (Retz.) Benth. LC
Dopatrium nudicaule (Rottler) Benth. LC
Limnophila aquatica (Roxb.) Alston S: Reewul-puruk-wila LC
Limnophila aromatica (Lam.) Merr. LC
Limnophila chinensis (Osbeck) Merr. CR(PE)
Limnophila heterophylla (Roxb.) Benth. T: Vanetchi NT
Limnophila indica (L.) Druce T: Thirai LC
Limnophila laxa Benth. DD
Limnophila polystachya Benth. DD
Limnophila repens (Benth.) Benth. S: Amba-wila LC
Limnophila rugosa (Roth) Merr CR(PE)
Limnophila sessiliflora (Vahl) Blume LC
Microcarpaea minima (Koenig ex Retz.) Merr. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Plantago asiatica subsp. erosa (Wall.) Z.Yu Li Plantago erosa Wall. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stemodia viscosa Roxb. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Veronica javanica Blume CR(PE)
Family: Plumbaginaceae
E: Ceylon leadwort;
Plumbago zeylanica L. S: Ela-netul LC
Family: Poaceae
Acrachne racemosa (B.Heyne ex Roth) Ohwi CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Acroceras munroanum (Balansa) Henrard DD
Aeluropus lagopoides (L.) Thwaites LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Agrostis pilosula Trin. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Budeni-tana;
Alloteropsis cimicina (L.) Stapf LC
T: Unni pul
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Alloteropsis semialata (R.Br.) Hitchc. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Andropogon lividus Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
110
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Andropogon polyptychos Steud. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kuru-kuda-ana;
Apluda mutica L. LC
T: Mungil-pul
Apocopis mangalorensis (Hochst. ex Steud.)
LC
Henrard
Aristida adscensionis L. S: Teli-tana VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Aristida hystrix L.f. DD
Aristida setacea Retz. S: Et-tuttiri LC
Arthraxon castratus (Griff.) V.Naray. ex Bor VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino NT
Arundinella blephariphylla (Trimen) Trimen

CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
ex Hook.f.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Arundinella laxiflora Hook.f. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Arundinella leptochloa (Nees ex Steud.) Hook.f. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Arundinella metzii Hochst. ex Miq. DD
Arundinella pumila (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Steud. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Arundinella setosa Trin. CR(PE)
Arundinella thwaitesii Hook.f. CR(PE)
Arundinella villosa Arn. ex Steud. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Spiny bamboo;
Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss S: Katu-una; LC
T: Mungil
Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.) S.T.Blake LC
Bothriochloa pertusa (L.) A.Camus LC
Bothriochloa pseudoischaemum (Nees ex

DD
Steud.) Henrard
Brachiaria remota (Retz.) Haines LC
Brachiaria semiundulata (Hochst. ex A.Rich.)

CR(PE)
Stapf
Brachiaria semiverticillata (Rottler ex Steud.)
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Alston
Brachypodium sylvaticum (Hudson) P.Beauv. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Calamagrostis srilankensis Davidse CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Centotheca lappacea (L.) Desv. NT
Chloris montana Roxb. LC
E: Love grass;
Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin. S: Tuttiri; LC
T: Ottu-pul
Chrysopogon fulvus (Spreng.) Chiov. S: Karu-vi LC
Chrysopogon nodulibarbis (Hochst. ex Steud.)

S: Gavara VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Henrard
111
of Ceylon
Chrysopogon orientalis (Desv.) A.Camus VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Chrysopogon serrulatus Trin. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Coelachne perpusilla (Nees ex Steud.) Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Coelachne simpliciuscula (Wight & Arn. ex

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Steud.) Munro ex Benth.
Coelachyropsis lagopoides
Coelachyropsis lagopoides (Burm.f.) Senaratna LC
(Burm.f.) Bor
Coix lacryma-jobi L. S: Kirindi VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cymbopogon caesius (Hook. & Arn.) Stapf NT
E: New citronella grass;

S: Heen-pangiri,
Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle Lena batu, LC
Lena-batu-pengiri,
Mana, Pegiri
Cymbopogon polyneuros (Steud.) Stapf DD
Cynodon barberi Rang. & Tadul. NT
E: Bermuda grass,
Doob grass;
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers S: Ruha; LC
T: Arugam-pillu,
Arugam-pul
Cynodon radiatus Roth Cynodon arcuatus J.Presl LC
Cyrtococcum deccanense Bor VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyrtococcum oxyphyllum (Hochst. ex Steud.)

NT
Stapf
Cyrtococcum patens (L.) A.Camus VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyrtococcum trigonum (Retz.) A.Camus LC
Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. S: Putu-tana LC
Davidsea attenuata (Thwaites) Soderstr. &

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
R.P.Ellis
Dendrocalamus cinctus R.B.Majumder ex
CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Soderstrom & Ellis
Dichaetaria wightii Nees ex Stude. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dichanthium caricosum (L.) A.Camus S: Geta-mana EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dichanthium foveolatum (Delile) Roberty CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Digitaria abyssinica (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Stapf EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Digitaria bicornis (Lam.) Roem. & Schult. LC
S: Guru-tana;
Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler LC
T: Akki-pul, Arisi-pul
Digitaria cruciata (Nees ex Steud.) E.G.Camus
CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
& A.Camus
Digitaria fuscescens (J.Presl) Henrard EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
112
of Ceylon
Digitaria griffithii (Hook.f.) Henrard CR(PE)
Digitaria longiflora (Retz.) Pers. LC
Digitaria stricta Roth CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Digitaria thwaitesii var. thwaitesii (Hack) Digitaria thwaitesii (Hack)

DD
Henrard Henrard
Digitaria tomentosa (J.Koenig ex Rottler)
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Henrard
Digitaria violascens Link CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Digitaria wallichiana (Wight & Arn. ex Steud.)

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Stapf
Dimeria aristata (Hack.) Senaratna DD
Dimeria avenacea (Retz.) C.E.C.Fischer EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dimeria ballardii Bor EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dimeria chloridiformis (Gaudich.) K.Schum. & B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dimeria fuscescens Trin. EN
Lauterb. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dimeria gracilis Nees ex Steud. Dimeria leptorhachis Hack. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dimeria lehmannii (Nees ex Steud.) Hack. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dimeria pubescens Hack. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dimeria thwaitesii Hack. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diplachne fusca (L.) P.Beauv. ex Roem. &

Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth LC
Schult.
S: Gira tana;
Echinochloa colonum (L.) Link Echinochloa colona (L.) Link LC
T: Adipul
E: Barnyard grass;
Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.Beauv. S: Maratu, Wel-marakku; LC
T: Kutirai, Val-pul
Echinochloa stagnina (Retz.) P.Beauv. LC
S: Bela-tana,
Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Wal-mal-kurakkan, LC
Wal-kurkkan
Elytrophorus spicatus (Willd.) A.Camus CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Enteropogon dolichostachyus (Lag.) Keng LC
Enteropogon monostachyos subsp. Enteropogon monostachyos

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
monostachyos (Vahl) K.Schum. (Vahl) K.Schum. ex Engl.
Eragrostiella bifaria var. bifaria (Vahl) Bor Eragrostiella bifaria (Vahl) Bor LC
Eragrostiella bifaria var. secunda (Nees ex

DD
Steud.) Lazarides ▲
Eragrostiella bifaria var. walkeri (Stapf)
DD
Lazarides ▲
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eragrostiella brachyphylla (Stapf) Bor EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eragrostis atrovirens (Desf.) Trin. ex Steud. LC
Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Vignolo ex Janch. DD
113
of Ceylon
Eragrostis ciliaris (L.) R.Br. LC
Eragrostis ciliata (Roxb.) Nees DD
Eragrostis gangetica (Roxb.) Steud. S: Ela-kuru-tana LC
Eragrostis japonica (Thumb.) Trin. LC
Eragrostis minor Host DD
Eragrostis nigra Nees ex Steud. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eragrostis nutans (Retz.) Nees ex Steud. LC
Eragrostis pilosa (L.) P.Beauv. LC
Eragrostis riparia (Willd.) Nees LC
Eragrostis subsecunda (Lam.) E.Fourn. DD
Eragrostis tenella (L.) P.Beauv. ex Roem. &

LC
Schult. ▲
Eragrostis tenuifolia (A.Rich) Hochst. ex Steud. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eragrostis unioloides (Retz.) Nees ex Steud. LC
Eragrostis amabilis (L.) Wight

Eragrostis viscosa (Retz.) Trin. LC
& Arn.
Eragrostis zeylanica Nees & Meyen CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eremochloa muricata (Retz.) Hack. NT
Eremochloa zeylanica (Hack. ex Trimen) Hack. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriachne triseta Nees ex Steud. S: Pini tuttiri EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Eriochloa procera (Retz.) C.E.Hubb. LC
Eulalia phaeothrix (Hack.) Kuntze NT
Eulalia thwaitesii (Hack.) Kuntze EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Garnotia courtallensis (Arn. & Nees) Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Garnotia exaristata Gould VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Garnotia fergusonii Trimen NT
Garnotia fuscata Thwaites CR(PE)
Garnotia micrantha var. micrantha Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Garnotia micrantha var. nana Stapf ex Hook.f. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Garnotia panicoides Trimen CR(PE)
114
of Ceylon
Garnotia scoparia Thwaites NT
Hackelochloa granularis (L.) Kuntze LC
Halopyrum mucronatum (L.) Stapf CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Hemarthria compressa (L.f.) R.Br. VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Hemisorghum venustum (Thwaites) Clayton VU D2
Heteropholis nigrescens (Thwaites) C.E.Hubb. VU D2
Heteropogon contortus (L.) P.Beauv. ex Roem.

S: I-tana LC
& Schult.
Heteropogon triticeus (R.Br.) Stapf ex Craib NT
Holcolemma canaliculatum (Nees ex Steud.)

LC
Stapf & C.E.Hubb.
Hygroryza aristata (Retz.) Nees ex Wight &
S: Go-jabba NT
Arn.
Ichnanthus pallens var. major (Nees) Stieber CR(PE)
Imperata cylindrica (L.) P.Beauv. S: Illuk DD
Isachne globosa (Thunb.) Kuntze S: Bata-della LC
Isachne kunthiana (Wight & Arn. ex Steud.)

LC
Miq.
Isachne minutula (Gaudich.) Kunth * DD
Isachne multiflora (Thwaites) Ferguson CR(PE)
Isachne walkeri (Arn. ex Steud.) Wight & Arn.

NT
ex Thwaites
Ischaemum barbatum Retz. LC
Ischaemum ciliare Retz. S: Rat-tana LC
Ischaemum commutatum Hack. LC
Ischaemum dalzellii Stapf ex Bor DD
Ischaemum muticum var. srilankense Davidse ▲ CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ischaemum muticum var. muticum L. Ischaemum muticum L. S: Bada-mal-tana LC
Ischaemum polystachyum J.Presl DD
Ischaemum rugosum Salisb. S: Kudu kedu LC
Ischaemum timorense Kunth S: Rila-rat-tana DD
Iseilema prostratum (L.) Andersson Iseilema laxum Hack. LC
Jansenella griffithiana (C.Muell.) Bor LC
115
of Ceylon
Kuruna debilis (Thwaites) Attigala, Kaththr. & B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Arundinaria debilis Thwaites EN
L.G.Clark +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Kuruna densifolia (Munro) Attigala, Kaththr. & B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Arundinaria densifolia Munro EN
L.G.Clark +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Kuruna floribunda (Thwaites) Attigala, Kaththr. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Arundinaria floribunda Thwaites S: Mal-bata EN
& L.G.Clark +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Kuruna scandens (Soderstr. & R.P.Ellis) Arundinaria scandens Soderstr.
CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Attigala, Kaththr. & L.G.Clark & R.P.Ellis
Kuruna walkeriana (Munro) Attigala, Kaththr. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Arundinaria walkeriana Munro EN
& L.G.Clark +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Leersia hexandra Sw. S: Layu, Lev LC
Leptaspis zeylanica Nees ex steud. NT
Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees LC
Leptochloa neesii (Thwaites) Benth. LC
Leptochloa panicea (Retz.) Ohwi LC
Leptochloa srilankensis N.Snow CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Lepturus repens (G.Forst.) R.Br. NT
Lophatherum gracile Brongn. LC
Melanocenchris monoica (Rottler) C.E.C.Fisch. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Microstegium ciliatum (Trin.)

Microstegium fasciculatum (L.) Henrard VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
A.Camus
Microstegium nudum (Trin.) A.Camus VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Mnesithea laevis (Retz.) Kunth LC
Brachiaria eruciformis (Sm.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Moorochloa eruciformis (Sm.) Veldkamp EN
Griseb. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Myriostachya wightiana (Nees ex Steud.)
CR(PE)
Hook.f.
Ochlandra stridula Thwaites S: Bata-li, Bata LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ophiuros exaltatus (L.) Kuntze EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Oplismenus burmanni (Retz.) P.Beauv. LC
Oplismenus compositus (L.) P.Beauv. LC
Oplismenus thwaitesii Hook.f. CR(PE)
Oplismenus undulatifolius (Ard.) P.Beauv. DD
Oropetium thomaeum (L.f.) Trin. LC
Oryza eichingeri Peter LC
Oryza granulata Nees & Arn.

Oryza meyeriana (Zoll. & Moritzi) Baill. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
ex Watt
Oryza rhizomatis Vaughan VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
116
of Ceylon
Oryza rufipogon Griff. Oryza nivara Sharma & Shastry NT
Ottochloa nodosa (Kunth) Dandy VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Panicum brevifolium L. LC
S: Meneri, Wal-meneri;
Panicum curviflorum Hornem. LC
T: Shamai-karunai
Panicum gardneri Thwaites LC
Panicum humile Steud. LC
Panicum luzonense J.Presl CR(PE)
Panicum notatum Retz. LC
Panicum paludosum Roxb. LC
Panicum phoiniclados Naik & Patunkar NT
Panicum repens L. S: Etora; T: Injii-pul LC
Panicum sparsicomum Nees ex Steud. LC
S: Amu;
Paspalum scrobiculatum L. LC
T: Varagu, Waragu
Paspalum sumatrense Roth Paspalum longifolium Roxb. LC
Perotis indica (L.) Kuntze. LC
Lopholepis ornithocephala B2ab(i,ii,iii);

Perotis ornithocephala (Hook.) P.M.Peterson VU
(Hook.) Steud. D2
Pharagmites karka (Retz.) Trin. ex Steud. S: Nala-gas LC
Pogonatherum crinitum (Thunb.) Kunth LC
Chionachne koenigii (Spreng.) S: Heen-kirindi -for Coix

Polytoca gigantea (J.Koenig) Mabb. LC
Thwaites;Coix gigantea J.Koenig gigantea J.Koenig
Pommereulla cornucopiae L.f. CR(PE)
Pseudanthistiria umbellata (Hack.) Hook.f. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pseudechinolaena polystachya (Kunth) Stapf EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pseudopogonatherum trispicatum (Schult.) Eulalia trispicata (Schult.)
LC
Ohwi Henrard
Pseudoraphis spinescens (R.Br.) Vickery LC
Pseudoxytenanthera monadelpha (Thwaites)

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Soderstr. & R.P.Ellis
Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton LC
S: Rambuk;
Saccharum arundinaceum Retz. T: Pey-karunmu, LC
Pi-karumbu
117
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Saccharum spontaneum L. S: Wal-uk VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sacciolepis curvata (L.) Chase LC
Sacciolepis indica (L.) Chase LC
Sacciolepis interrupta (Willd.) Stapf LC
Sacciolepis myosuroides (R.Br.) Chase ex

NT
E.G.Camus & A.Camus
Scrotochloa urceolata (Roxb.) Judz. Leptaspis urceolata (Roxb.) R.Br. NT
Sehima nervosa (Rottler) Stapf Sehima nervosum (Rottler) Stapf LC
Paspalidium flavidum (Retz.) E: Arisi-pul;

Setaria flavida (Retz.) Veldkamp LC
A.Camus S: Ha-thana
Paspalidium geminatum
Setaria geminata (Forssk.) Veldkamp LC
(Forssk.) Stapf
Setaria gracillima Hook.f. CR(PE)
Setaria intermedia Roem. & Schult. LC
Setaria palmifolia (J.Koenig) Stapf S: Reli-tana LC
Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. LC
Paspalidium punctatum
Setaria punctata (Burm.f.) Veldkamp LC
(Brum.f.) A. Camus
Setaria verticillata (L.) P.Beauv. S: Hiwal tana LC
Sorghum nitidum (Vahl) Pers. VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sorghum propinquum (Kunth) Hitchc. VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sphaerocaryum malaccense (Trin.) Pilg. VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Maha-ravana-ravula;
Spinifex littoreus (Burm.f.) Merr. LC
T: Ravana-meesai
Sporobolus africanus (Poir.) Robyns & Tournay LC
Sporobolus coromandelianus (Retz.) Kunth LC
Sporobolus diander (Retz.) P.

Sporobolus diandrus (Retz.) P.Beauv. LC
Beauv.
Sporobolus fertilis (Steud.) Clayton LC
Sporobolus maderaspatanus Bor VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sporobolus tremulus (Willd.)

Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth S: Mudu-etora LC
Kunth
Sporobolus wallichii Munro ex Thwaites VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Stenotaphrum dimidiatum (L.) Brongn. LC
118
of Ceylon
Streptogyna crinita P.Beauv. VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Themeda cymbaria Hack. S: Kara-wata-mana LC
Themeda tremula (Nees ex Steud.) Hack. S: Pini-bara-tana LC
Themeda triandra Forssk. Themeda forskalii Hackel DD
Thuarea involuta (G.Forst.) R.Br. ex Sm. CR(PE)
Thysanolaena latifolia (Roxb. ex Hornem.)

NT
Honda
Trachys muricata (L.) Pers. ex Trin. LC
Tragus roxburghii Panigrahi LC
Trigonochloa uniflora (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Leptochloa uniflora Hochst. ex

LC
P.M.Peterson & N.Snow A.Rich
Tripogon bromoides Roth ex Roem. & Schult VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Trisetopsis aspera (Munro ex Thwaites) Röser Helictotrichon virescens (Nees B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
& A.Wölk ex Steud.) Henarard +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Brachiaria distachya (L.) Stapf,
Urochloa distachya (L.) T.Q.Nguyen Brachiaria subquadripara (Trin.) LC
A.Hitchc.
Brachiaria paspaloides (J.Presl)
Urochloa glumaris (Trin.) Veldkamp DD
C.E.Hubb.
Urochloa panicoides P.Beauv. VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Urochloa ramosa (L.) T.Q.Nguyen LC
Brachiaria reptans (L.) C.A.

Urochloa reptans (L.) Stapf LC
Gardner & C.E.Hubb.
Urochloa setigera (Retz.) Stapf LC
Zenkeria obtusiflora (Thwaites) Benth. CR(PE)
Zenkeria stapfii Henrard DD
Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr. LC
Family: Podostemaceae
Dalzellia ceylanica (Gardner) Wight NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Farmeria metzgerioides (Trimen) Willis ex
VU +2ab(i,ii,iii);
Hook.f.
C(iii,iv)
Polypleurum elongatum (Gardner) J.B.Hall EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Polypleurum stylosum (Wight) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Polypleurum wallichii (R.Br. ex Griff.) Warm. EN
J.B.Hall +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Zeylanidium lichenoides (Kurz) Engl. CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Zeylanidium olivaceum (Gardner) Engl. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
119
of Ceylon
Zeylanidium subulatum (Gardner) C.Cusset CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Polygalaceae
Polygala arillata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don NT
Polygala chinensis L. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Polygala glaucoides L. Polygala elongata Klein ex Willd. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Polygala glomerata Lour. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Polygala hirsutula Arn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Polygala jacobii Chandrab. DD
Polygala javana DC. S: Tilo guru LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Polygala longifolia Poir EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Polygala macrolophos Hassk. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Polygala rosmarinifolia Wight & Arn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Polygala telephioides Willd. LC
Polygala triflora L. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Salomonia ciliata (L.) DC. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Xanthophyllum zeylanicum Meijden S: Palala LC
Family: Polygonaceae
Persicaria barbata (L.) H.Hara S: Ratu-kimbul-wenna LC
Persicaria capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don)

LC
H.Gross
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Persicaria chinensis (L.) H.Gross ▲ Polygonum chinense L. VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Persicaria decipiens (R.Br.) K.L.Wilson DD
Persicaria glabra (Willd.) M.Gómez LC
Persicaria hydropiper (L.) Delarbre DD
Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz DD
Persicaria nepalensis (Meissner) H.Gross DD
Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach LC
Persicaria praetermissa (Hook.f.) H.Hara DD
Persicaria pulchra (Blume) Soják #

Persicaria attenuata (R.Br.) Sojak S: Sudu-kimbul-wenna LC
120
of Ceylon
Persicaria strigosa (R.Br.) H.Gross LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Polygonum plebeium R.Br. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Pontederiaceae
Pontederia korsakowii (Regel & Maack) M.Pell.

DD
& C.N.Horn *
Pontederia hastata L. Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms S: Diya-habarala, Jabara NT
Pontederia plantaginea Roxb. * DD
Monochoria vaginalis (Burm.f.)

Pontederia vaginalis Burm.f. S: Diya habarala, Jabara LC
C.Presl
Family: Portulacaceae
Portulaca quadrifida L. S: Heen-genda-kola LC
Portulaca suffruticosa Wall. ex Wight & Arn. LC
Portulaca tuberosa Roxb. S: Uru-genda LC
Portulaca wightiana Wall. ex Wight & Arn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Potamogetonaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Potamogeton nodosus Poir. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Potamogeton perfoliatus L. DD
Stuckenia pectinata (L.) Börner Potamogeton pectinatus L. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Primulaceae
S: Heen kadol;
Aegiceras corniculatum (L.) Blanco Aegiceras corniculata (L.) Blanco LC
T: Vitlikanna
Ardisia complanata Wall. Ardisia colorata Roxb. CR B2ab(I,ii,iii)
Ardisia elliptica Thunb. S: Balu-dan LC
Ardisia gardneri C.B.Clarke LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ardisia lankaensis Kosterm. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ardisia missionis Wall. ex A.DC. LC
Ardisia pauciflora B.Heyne ex Roxb. NT
Ardisia polylepis Mez CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ardisia solanacea Roxb. S: Balu-dan EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ardisia wightiana (A.DC.) Wall. ex Mez CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ardisia willisii Mez S: Lunu-dan VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
121
of Ceylon
Ardisia zeylanica (Gaertn.) Lam. ex Forsyth f. Ardisia moonii Clarke VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Embelia aurantiaca (Wall.) Wadhwa EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Embelia ribes subsp. ribes Burm.f. S: Wel-embilla LC
Embelia tsjeriam-cottam (Roem. & Schult.)

NT
A.DC.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lysimachia deltoidea Wight Lysimachia procumbens Baudo EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lysimachia laxa Baudo EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Maesa indica (Roxb.) Sweet S: Mata-bimbiya LC
Myrsine ceylanica (Mez) Wadhwa VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Myrsine robusta (Mez) Wadhwa VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Myrsine thwaitesii (Mez) Wadhwa VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Myrsine wightiana Wall. ex A.DC. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Proteaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Helicia ceylanica Gardner EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Putranjivaceae
Drypetes gardneri (Thwaites) Pax & K.Hoffm. S: Eta-wira, Gal-wira NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Drypetes longifolia (Blume) Pax & K.Hoffm. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Drypetes sepiaria (Wight & Arn.) Pax &
S: Wira; T: Wirai LC
K.Hoffm.
Drypetes lanceolata (Thwaites) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Drypetes sumatrana (Miq.) Pax & K.Hoffm. EN
Pax & K.Hoffm. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. T: Karippalai, Vitchurunai NT
Putranjiva zeylanica (Thwaites) Müll.Arg. S: Pelan NT
Family: Ranunculaceae
Clematis gouriana Roxb. ex DC. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Clematis smilacifolia Wall. S: Nara-wel CR(PE)
Clematis zeylanica (L.) Poir. Naravelia zeylanica (L.) DC S: Nara-wel NT
Eriocapitella rivularis (Buch.-Ham. ex DC.) Anemone rivularis Buch.-Ham.

CR(PE)
Christenh. & Byng ex DC.
Ranunculus sagittifolius Hook. E: Butter cup EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ranunculus wallichianus Wight & Arn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Thalictrum javanicum Blume VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
122
of Ceylon
Family: Rhamnaceae
S: Tel-hiriya;
Colubrina asiatica (L.) Brongn. LC
T: Mayirmanikkam
Gouania microcarpa DC. NT
Rhamnus arnottianus Gardner

Rhamnus arnottiana Gardner ex Thwaites EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
ex Thwaites
Rhamnus wightii Wight & Arn. NT
Sageretia hamosa (Wall.) Brongn. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Scutia myrtina (Burm.f.) Kurz T: Tudari, Tuvadi LC
Ventilago gamblei Suess. LC
Ventilago madraspatana var. madraspatana S: Yakada-wel

LC
Gaertn. T: Vempadam
Ziziphus linnaei M.A.Lawson Ziziphus napeca (L.) Willd. S: Yak-eraminiya NT
Ziziphus lucida Moon ex Thwaites S: Eraminiya CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Dabara, Maha-debara,
Ziziphus mauritiana var. mauritiana Lam. Masan; LC
T: Ilantai, Illantai
S: Heen eraminiya;
Ziziphus oenopolia (L.) Mill. LC
T: Churai, Perilantai
S: Maha eraminiya;
Ziziphus rugosa Lam. NT
T: Churai
Ziziphus xylopyrus (Retz.) Willd. S: Kakuru; T: Nari-ilantai NT
Family: Rhizophoraceae
Bruguiera cylindrica (L.) Blume S: Mal-kadol EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Mangrove;
Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lam. S: Mal-kadol , Path-kadol, VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sirikanda
Bruguiera sexangula (Lour.) Poir. S: Mal-kadol VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Carallia brachiata (Lour.) Merr. S: Dawata LC
Carallia calycina Benth. S: Ubberiya VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Carallia orophila Kosterm. * CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Carallia paucinervia Kosterm. * CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Gal guliya,
Cassipourea ceylanica (Gardner) Alston Kos daththa, Pana; LC
T: Kannu
Ceriops decandra (Griff.) W.Theob. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Chiru-Kandal,
Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B.Rob. NT
Chivukandal
S: Kadol, Rana Kadol;
Rhizophora apiculata Blume NT
T: Kandal
123
of Ceylon
E: Mangrove;
Rhizophora mucronata Poir. S: Ela kadol, Kadol; LC
T: Kandal
Family: Rosaceae
Agrimonia zeylanica Moon ex Hook.f. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Alchemilla indica var. indica

Alchemilla indica Gardner VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Gardner
Alchemilla sibthorpioides (Hook.f.) Panigrahi & Alchemilla indica var. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
K.M.Purohit ▲ sibthorpioides Hook. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Potentilla polyphylla Wall. ex
Argentina polyphylla (Wall. ex Lehm.) Soják EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Lehm.
S: Lunu-warala;
Photinia integrifolia Lindl. LC
T: Anreepawlaycody-maram
Potentilla sundaica (Blume) W.Theob. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Golu-mora,
Prunus ceylanica (Wight) Miq. NT
Kankumbalketiya
S: Golu-mora,
Prunus walkeri (Wight) Kalkman LC
Kankumbalketiya
E: False blackberry,
Rubus ellipticus Sm. Ovel-leaved bramble; LC
S: Nara-bute
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rubus fairholmianus Gardner EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rubus gardnerianus Kuntz EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rubus indicus Thunb. S: Vel-bute LC
Rubus leucocarpus var. leucocarpus Arn. NT
Rubus leucocarpus var. tomentosa Alston NT
Rubus micropetalus Gardner VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Woody-berried
Rubus niveus Thunb. bramble; NT
S: Rodu-ketambila
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rubus rugosus Smith EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sanguisorba indicum (Gardner)
Sanguisorba indica (Gardner) Tirveng. CR(PE)
Tirv
Family: Rubiaceae
Acranthera ceylanica Arn. ex Meisn. LC
S: Kolon;
Haldina cordifolia (Roxb.)
Adina cordifolia (Roxb.) Brandis T: Manchal kadampa, LC
Ridsdale
Raja murunkai
Aidia gardneri (Thwaites) Tirveng. S: Seru NT
Benkara malabarica (Thwaites) Tirveng. S: Pudan LC
124
of Ceylon
S: Kalu diyapara, B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Byrsophyllum ellipticum (Thwaites) Bedd. VU
Kalu godapara +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Canthium campanulatum Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Canthium coromandelicum (Burm.f.) Alston S: Kara; T: Karai LC
Canthium macrocarpum Thwaites CR(PE)
Canthium puberulum Thwaites ex Hook.f. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Canthium rheedei DC. NT
S: Kukuruman,
Catunaregam spinosa (Thunb.) Tirveng. Kukurman; LC
T: Karai
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ceriscoides turgida (Roxb.) Tirveng. S: Pita Madu EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Chassalia curviflora (Wall.) Thwaites LC
Psilanthus travancorensis (Wight

Coffea travancorensis Wight & Arn. S: Gas-pitchcha VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
& Arn.) J.-F.Leroy
Psilanthus wightianus (Wall. ex
Coffea wightiana Wall. ex Wight & Arn. T: Kaddumallikai VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Wight & Arn.) J.-F.Leroy
Debia ovatifolia (Cav.) Neupane & N.Wikstr. Oldenlandia ovatifolia (Cav.) DC. EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dentella repens (L.) J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dichilanthe zeylanica Thwaites S: Emberella EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Diplospora erythrospora (Thwaites) Bedd. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Discospermum sphaerocarpum Dalzell ex

T: Vella LC
Hook.f.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diyaminauclea zeylanica (Hook.f.) Ridsdale S: Diya-mi EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Edrastima trinervia (Retz.) Neupane &
Oldenlandia trinervia Retz. NT
N.Wikstr.
Exallage auricularia subsp. auricularia (L.)
S: Geta-kola LC
Bremek.
Fergusonia tetracocca (Thwaites)
Fergusonia zeylanica Hook.f. CR(PE)
Baill.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Gaertnera divaricata (Thwaites) Thwaites EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Gaertnera × gardneri Thwaites Gaertnera gardneri Thwaites CR(PE)
Gaertnera rosea Thwaites ex Benth. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Gaertnera ternifolia Thwaites EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Gaertnera vaginans (DC.) Merr. S: Pera thambala LC
Gaertnera walkeri (Arn.) Blume NT
Galium asperifolium Wall. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Gardenia crameri Tirveng. S: Galis EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
125
of Ceylon
Gardenia fosbergii Tirveng. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Geophila repens var. asiatica

Geophila repens (L.) I.M.Johnst. S: Agu karni VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
(Cham. & Schlecht.) Fosberg
S: Nil pichcha;
Guettarda speciosa L. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Panir
Gynochthodes umbellata (L.) Razafim. &
Morinda umbellata L. S: Kiri-wel, Maha-kiri-wel LC
B.Bremer
Hedyotis ceylanica (Thwaites) N.Wikström & Metabolus decipiens (Thwaites)
LC
Neupane Ridsd.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis cinereoviridis Thwaites CR
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis coprosmoides Trimen EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis cyanantha Kurz EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis cyanescens Thwaites CR
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis dendroides Alston NT
Hedyotis evenia Thwaites CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis flavescens Thwaites EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis fruticosa L. S: Weraniya LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis fumata Alston EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis gardneri Thwaites CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis gartmorensis Ridsdale CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis inamoena Thwaites EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis lessertiana Arn. LC
Hedyotis macraei Hook.f. DD
Hedyotis marginata (Thwaites ex Trimen)

EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Alston
Hedyotis membranacea Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis neesiana Arn. S: Pita-sudu-pala VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis neolessertiana Ridsdale EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis nodulosa Arn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis obscura Thwaites EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Pleiocraterium plantaginifolium B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis plantaginifolia Arn. EN
(Arn.) Bremek. +2ab (i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis quinquinervia Thwaites CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis rhinophylla Thwaites ex Trimen EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
126
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis srilankensis Deb & Ratna Dutta EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis subverticillata Alston EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis thwaitesii Hook.f. EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis trichoneura Alston EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis tridentata Ridsdale CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis trimenii var. orbicularifolia Ridsdale ▲ CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Hedyotis trimenii var. trimenii Deb & Ratna

LC
Dutta
Hydrophylax maritima L.f. S: Mudu-geta-kola LC
Ixora calycina Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Ratambala, Rat-mal;
Ixora coccinea L. LC
T: Vedchi
S: Goda-rathambala,
Ixora jucunda Thwaites Gora-ratambela, NT
Wal-rathmal
S: Maha-ratambala;
Ixora pavetta Andrews T: Kanmuttankirai, LC
Karankutti, Painkuray
Ixora thwaitesii Hook.f. NT
Knoxia platycarpa var. hirsuta (Arn.) Thwaites Knoxia hirsuta Arn. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Knoxia platycarpa var. platycarpa Arn Knoxia platycarpa Arn. LC
Knoxia spicata (Thwaites ex Trimen) Ridsdale NT
Knoxia sumatrensis (Retz.) DC. NT
Knoxia zeylanica L. NT
Lasianthus chrysocaulis Ridsdale VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lasianthus foetulentus Ridsdale VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lasianthus gardneri (Thwaites) Hook.f. EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Lasianthus moonii Wight LC
Lasianthus neolanceolatus Ridsdale VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lasianthus obliquus (Thwaites) Thwaites LC
Lasianthus oliganthus (Thwaites) Thwaites LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lasianthus protractus (Thwaites) Thwaites CR
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
127
of Ceylon
Lasianthus rhizophyllus Thwaites CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Lasianthus strigosus Wight LC
Lasianthus thwaitesii var. nitidus (Thwaites)

CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Trimen ▲
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lasianthus thwaitesii var. thwaitesii Hook.f. Lasianthus thwaitesii Hook.f. CR
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lasianthus varians (Thwaites) Thwaites EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Leptopetalum biflorum (L.) Neupane &
Oldenlandia biflora L. LC
N.Wikstr.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Leucocodon reticulatum Gardner EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Mitragyna parvifolia var. parvifolia (Roxb.) T: Nir-kadampa,
LC
Korth. Chelampi
Mitragyna tubulosa (Arn.) Kuntze S: Helamba EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Morinda citrifolia L. S: Ahu LC
S: Ahu;
Morinda coreia Buch.-Ham. LC
T: Manchavanna
S: Mus-wenna,
Mussaenda frondosa L. Mussenda, Wal-but- LC
sarana
Mussaenda samana Jayaw. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Nargedia macrocarpa Bedd. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Bakmi, Rata-bakmi;
Nauclea orientalis (L.) L. LC
T: Vammi, Atuvang
Neanotis monosperma (Wight & Arn.)
LC
W.H.Lewis
Neanotis nummularia (Arn.) W.H.Lewis LC
Neanotis nummulariformis (Arn.) W.H.Lewis VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Neanotis richardiana (Arn.) W.H.Lewis EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Neanotis quadrilocularis
Neanotis tubulosa (G.Don) Mabb. CR(PE)
(Thwaites) W.H.Lewis
S: Ambul bakmi,
Anthocephalus chinensis (Lam.)
Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser # Ela bakmi, Kalamba, NT
A. Rich. ex Walp
Nawatha
Neurocalyx calycinus (R.Br. ex Benn.) B.L.Rob. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Neurocalyx championii Benth. ex Thwaites EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Neurocalyx gardneri Thwaites EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Neurocalyx zeylanicus Hook. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Oldenlandia brachypoda DC. LC
Oldenlandia corymbosa var. corymbosa L. Oldenlandia corymbosa L. S: Wal-path-padagam LC
128
of Ceylon
Oldenlandia corymbosa var. erecta (Manilal & Oldenlandia erecta (Mani. &
DD
Sivar.) Anandhapr. & Gnanasek. Sivarajan) R.R.Mill
Oldenlandia herbacea (L.) Roxb. LC
Oldenlandia pumila (L.f.) DC. DD
Oldenlandia stricta L. NT
E: Chay Root;
Oldenlandia umbellata L. S: Saya; LC
T: Chaya
Ophiorrhiza glechomifolia Thwaites CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Dath-ketiya,
Ophiorrhiza mungos L. LC
Wal-ekaweriya
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ophiorrhiza nemorosa Thwaites EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Ophiorrhiza pallida Thwaites CR(PE)
Ophiorrhiza pectinata Arn. LC
Ophiorrhiza radicans Gardner ex Thwaites S: Kiri makulu VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ophiorrhiza rugosa var. angustifolia (Thwaites)

LC
Ridsdale
Ophiorrhiza rugosa var. argentea (Wall. ex
CR(PE)
G.Don) Deb & Mondal
Ophiorrhiza rugosa var. decumbens (Gardner
CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
ex Thwaites) Deb & Mondal
Ophiorrhiza rugosa var. prostrata (D.Don) Deb
DD
& Mondal ▲
Oxyceros rugulosus (Thwaites) Tirveng. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pavetta agrostiphylla Bremek. EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pavetta badullensis Ridsd. EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
S: Pavatta;
Pavetta blanda Bremek. LC
T: Pavaddai
Pavetta gardneri Bremek. DD
S: Gal hambella,
Pavetta gleniei Thwaites ex Hook.f. Ela terana; NT
T: Vetpavaddai
Pavetta glomerata Bremek. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Pavatta;
Pavetta indica L. LC
T: Pavaddai
Pavetta involucrata Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pavetta macraei Bremek. CR
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Pavetta zeylanica (Hook.f.) Gamble S: Es-rudha NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Prismatomeris albidiflora Thwaites EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
129
of Ceylon
Prismatomeris tetrandra subsp. malayana Prismatomeris tetrandra (Roxb.)
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
(Ridl.) J.T.Johanss. Schumann
Pseudaidia speciosa (Bedd.) Tirveng. DD
Psychotria dubia var. affinis (Thwaites)

EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Bakh.f. ▲
Psychotria dubia var. dubia (Wight) Alston Psychotria dubia (Wight) Alston NT
Psychotria gardneri var. gardneri (Thwaites) Psychotria gardneri (Thwaites)

S: Kalu-kuratiya NT
Hook.f. Hook.f.
Psychotria gardneri var. jayasuriyae Sohmer ▲ VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Psychotria glandulifera var. glandulifera Psychotria glandulifera

CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Thwaites ex Hook.f. Thwaites ex Hook.f.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Psychotria glandulifera var. trimenii Sohmer ▲ EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Psychotria josephi (Kuntze) Kottaim. Psychotria waasii Sohmer NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Psychotria longipetiolata Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Psychotria meeboldii Deb & M.G.Gangop. CR(PE)
Psychotria moonii (Thwaites) Hook.f. CR(PE)
Psychotria nigra var. coronata Hook. LC
Psychotria nigra var. nigra (Gaertn.) Alston LC
Psychotria nilgherensis (Kuntze) Govaerts & B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Psychotria sohmeri Kiehn EN
Chakrab. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Psychotria plurivenia Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Psychotria sarmentosa Blume S: Wal-gonika NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Psychotria sordida Thwaites EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Psychotria stenophylla
Psychotria srilankensis Ruhsam VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
(Thwaites) Hook.f.
Psychotria zeylanica Sohmer LC
E: Ceylon boxwood;
S: Gal-karanda,
Psydrax dicoccos var. dicoccos Gaertn. Psydrax dicoccos Gaertn. LC
Panakarawa, Panduru;
T: Vatchikuran, Yerkoli
Psydrax dicoccos var. lanceolatus (Arn.)
DD
Ridsdale ▲
Psydrax grandifolius (Thwaites) Ridsdale CR(PE)
Psydrax montanus (Thwaites) Ridsdale NT
Psydrax pergracilis (Bourd.) Ridsdale CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Manda madini-Wel, B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Rubia cordifolia L. EN
Yogana-wel +2ab (i,ii,iii)
Sabicea ceylanica Puff Schizostigma hirsutum Arn. LC
130
of Ceylon
Saprosma foetens subsp. ceylanica (Gardner)
LC
M.Gangop. & Chakrab.
Saprosma glomerata var. gardneri (Thwaites) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
Gang. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Saprosma scabridum (Thwaites) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Saprosma scabrida (Thwaites) Bedd. EN
Beddome +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Oldenlandia diffusa (Willd.)
Scleromitrion diffusum (Willd.) R.J.Wang LC
Roxb.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Scyphiphora hydrophylacea C.F.Gaertn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Wild coffee; B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Scyphostachys coffeoides Thwaites EN
S: Wal-kopi +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Scyphostachys pedunculatus Thwaites CR(PE)
Spermacoce articularis L.f. LC
S: Hin geta kola;

Spermacoce hispida L. LC
T: Nattaichchuri, Yar
Spermacoce ramanii Sivar. &
Spermacoce lasiocarpa R.Br. ex Wall. DD
R.V.Nair
Spermacoce pusilla Wall. DD
Tamilnadia uliginosa (Retz.) Tirveng. & Sastre S: Et-kukuruman, Wadiga VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Tarana;
Tarenna asiatica (L.) Kuntze ex K.Schum. LC
T: Karanai
Tarenna flava Alston NT
Timonius flavescens (Jack) Baker S: Angana, Peddimella LC
Uncaria elliptica R.Br. ex G.Don LC
Urophyllum ceylanicum (Wight) Thwaites LC
Urophyllum ellipticum (Wight) Thwaites LC
S: Rawan-idala,
Wendlandia bicuspidata Wight & Arn. LC
Wana-idala
Family: Ruppiaceae
Ruppia maritima L. DD
Family: Rutaceae
Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq. S: Ankenda LC
S: Yakinaran, Yak-dehi,
Atalantia ceylanica (Arn.) Oliv. Wal-dehi; LC
T: Pey kuruntu
S: Dodan pana;
Atalantia monophylla DC. LC
T: Perunkruntu
Atalantia racemosa Wight ex Hook. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Atalantia rotundifolia (Thwaites) Yu.Tanaka S: Yaki-naran EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
131
of Ceylon
E: Satin wood;
S: Buruta;
Chloroxylon swietenia DC. VU A2cd
T: Moodudad marum,
Muritai, Mutirai
Clausena dentata (Willd.) S: Bembiya, Ganda-pana,
Clausena anisata (Willd.) Hook.f. ex Benth. LC
M.Roem. Et-kara, Weda-pana
S: Migon karapincha;
Clausena indica (Dalzell) Oliv. LC
T: Pannai, Purankainari
Glycosmis angustifolia Lindl. ex Wight & Arn. S: Bol-pana NT
Glycosmis cyanocarpa (Blume)

Glycosmis cyanocarpa var. simplicifolia Kurz CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Spreng
Glycosmis mauritiana (Lam.) Tanaka LC
S: Dodan-pana;
Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) A.DC. LC
T: Kulapannai
E: Elephant-apple,
Wood apple;
Limonia acidissima L. S: Divul; LC
T: Mayaladikkuruntu,
Vila, Vilatti
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Luvunga angustifolia (Oliv.) Tanaka VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Melicope lunu-ankenda (Gaertn.) T.G.Hartley S: Lunu-ankenda LC
Micromelum minutum var. ceylanicum S: Wal-karapincha;

LC
B.C.Stone T: Kakaipalai
Murraya glenieii Thwaites ex Oliv. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Curry leaf;
Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. S: Karapincha; LC
T: Karivempu
E: Orange jessamine;
Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack LC
S: Etteriya
Naringi crenulata (Roxb.) Nicolson S: Wal-beli EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Pamburu;
Pamburus missionis (Wall. ex Wight) Swingle T: Kurantu, Kuruntu, LC
Perum kuruntu
Paramignya armata (Thwaites) Bedd. ex Oliv. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Paramignya beddomei Tanaka EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Paramignya monophylla var. monophylla
S: Wellangiriya LC
Wight
Paramignya monophylla var. obtusa B.C.Stone LC
Pleiospermium alatum (Wall. ex Wight & Arn.) S: Tumpat kurundu,

LC
Swingle Tunpat kurundu
S: Kudu miris;
Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. LC
T: Kandai
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Zanthoxylum caudatum Alston EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) DC. S: Katu-Keena VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)
132
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Zanthoxylum tetraspermum Wight & Arn. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Sabiaceae
Meliosma pinnata subsp. S: Nika daula, Wal-bilin;

Meliosma arnottiana (Wight) Walp.# VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
barbulata Cufod. T: Kusavi
Meliosma simplicifolia subsp. pungens (Wall.

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
ex Wight & Arn.) Beusekom ▲
Meliosma simplicifolia subsp. simplicifolia Meliosma simplicifolia (Roxb.) S: El-badda-gass,

NT
(Roxb.) Walp. Walp El-bedda
Family: Salicaceae
Casearia thwaitesii Briq. VU B1ab(iii,iv)
Casearia tomentosa subsp. reducta Verdc. S: Kiri makulu NT
S: Wal-waraka;
Casearia zeylanica (Gaertn.) Thwaites T: Kakapalai, Kakapelar, LC
Kakkaipalai,Tey pala
E: Ceylon gooseberry; B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dovyalis hebecarpa (Gardner) Warb. EN
S: Ketambila +2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Dik-patana,
Katukurundu,
Katukutundu , Uguressa,
Flacourtia indica (Burm.f.) Merr. LC
Ukkuressa, Wal-divul;
T: Katukali, Kurumurukki,
Mulanninchil
Flacourtia ramontchi L’Hér.▲ VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Eta-heraliya, Liyang,
Homalium ceylanicum (Gardner) Benth. LC
Liyan, Walu
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Homalium dewitii Kosterm. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Osmelia gardneri Thwaites EN B1ab(iii,iv)
S: Katu-kenda,
Scolopia acuminata Clos NT
Katu-kurundu
Scolopia crassipes Clos LC
S: Damhi, Katte kurundu,

Scolopia pusilla Willd. LC
Katu-kenda, Katu-keeree
Family: Salvadoraceae
S: Katuniyanda;
Azima tetracantha Lam. LC
T: Ichanku, Iyanku
Salvadora persica var. wightiana (Planch. ex S: Maliththan, Peelu;

Salvadora persica L. LC
Thwaites) Verdc. T: Uvay, Viyay
Family: Santalaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ginalloa spathulifolia (Thwaites) Oliv. EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
133
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Korthalsella japonica (Thunb.) Engl. CR
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Notothixos floccosus (Thwaites) Oliv. EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Osyris lanceolata Hochst. & Steud. Osyris wightiana Wall ex Wight NT
Scleropyrum wallichianum
Scleropyrum pentandrum (Dennst.) Mabb. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
(Wight & Arn.) Arn.
Viscum articulatum Burm.f. LC
Viscum capitellatum Sm. NT
Viscum heyneanum DC. LC
Viscum monoicum Roxb. ex DC. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Viscum orientale Willd. LC
Viscum ramosissimum Roxb. ex DC. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Sapindaceae
S: Bu-kobbe, Kobbe,
Allophylus cobbe (L.) Forsyth f. Kobo, Moodu-kobe, LC
Wal-kobbe
Allophylus zeylanicus L. S: Wal-kobbe LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cardiospermum corindum L. Cardiospermum canescens Wall. S: Loco penela EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
S: Penela-wel,
Cardiospermum halicacabum L. LC
Wel-penela
Cardiospermum halicacabum S: Penela-wel,
Cardiospermum microcarpum Kunth ▲ NT
var. microcarpum (Kunth) Blume Wel-penela
Dimocarpus gardneri (Thwaites) Leenh. T: Nurai VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Mora, Mora-mora,
Dimocarpus longan Lour. LC
Penni-mora, Rasa-mora
S: Eta-werella;
Dodonaea viscosa subsp. viscosa Jacq. Dodonaea viscosa Jacq. LC
T: Virali
Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustifolia (L.f.)
DD
J.G.West *
S: Pehimbiya;
Filicium decipiens (Wight & Arn.) Thwaites LC
T: Chittirai vempu
S: Wal-mora;
Glenniea unijuga (Thwaites) Radlk. LC
T: Kuma
Harpullia arborea (Blanco) Radlk. S: Na-imbul, Pundalu VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lepisanthes erecta (Thwaites) Leenh. NT
S: Gal-kuma;
Lepisanthes senegalensis (Poir.) Leenh. LC
T: Kal-kuma
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lepisanthes simplicifolia (Thwaites) Leenh. EN
+2ab (i,ii,iii)
Lepisanthes tetraphylla var. tetraphylla (Vahl) Lepisanthes tetraphylla (Vahl)
LC
Radlk. Radlk.
134
of Ceylon
Lepisanthes tetraphylla var. trichocarpa
NT
(Thwaites) Wadhwa & Meijer ▲
S: Bulu-mora, Gal-mora,
Pometia pinnata J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. LC
Na-imbul,
E: Soap nut tree;
S: Embilla,
Sapindus emarginatus Vahl Sapindus emarginata Vahl LC
Gas-penela, Kaha-penela,
Matambala, Penela
S: Kaha penela, Kon,
Sapindus trifoliatus L. Sapindus trifoliata L. Kone; VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Puva, Kula
E: Ceylon oak;
Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken LC
S : Kon; T: Kula, Puvu
Family: Sapotaceae
Chrysophyllum roxburghii S: Lawulu, Rata lawulu;

Donella lanceolata (Blume) Aubrév. NT
G.Don. T: Kat Illupai
Isonandra alloneura Jeuken * DD
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Isonandra compta Dubard EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kiri-warala, Kiri-
Isonandra lanceolata Wight NT
hembiliya, Mol-pedda
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Isonandra montana (Thwaites) Gamble EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Isonandra zeylanica Jeuken NT
E: Clavate mi;
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Madhuca clavata Jayas. S: Ritigala mi, Kiri-mi, CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Wana-mi
Madhuca fulva (Thwaites) J.F.Macbr. S: Wana-mi, Kiripede VU B1ab(iii,iii)
E: Mousey mi;
Madhuca longifolia var. longifolia (J.Koenig ex Madhuca longifolia (L.)
S: Gam Mi, Gula pushpa, LC
L.) J.F.Macbr. Macbride
Mi, Thel-mi; T: Illupai
Madhuca microphylla (Hook.) Alston S: Wana-mi EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Madhuca moonii (Thwaites) H.J.Lam VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Madhuca neriifolia (Moon) H.J.Lam S: Gan-mi VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard S: Palu; T: Palai NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Mimusops andamanensis King & Gramble EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Munamal,
Mimusops elengi L. Sinha-kesara; NT
T: Makil, Mukalai
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Palaquium canaliculatum (Thwaites) Engl. S: Ela-kiri-hembiliya VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kiri-hambiliya,
Kiriheriya, Kiri-pedda,
Palaquium grande (Thwaites) Engl. VU B1ab(iii,iii)
Mihiriya, Molpedda,
Rathatiya
S: Hinmolpedda,
Palaquium hinmolpedda P.Royen VU B1ab(iii,iii)
Kiri-meeriya, Miriya
135
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Palaquium laevifolium (Thwaites) Engl. S: Molpedda, Wana-mi EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Palaquium pauciflorum (Thwaites) Engl. S: Kirihambiliya VU B1ab(iii,iii)
S: Golabodu,
Palaquium petiolare (Thwaites) Engl. VU B1ab(iii,iii)
Kiri-hambiliya, Kiri-nuga
S: Kiriwavula, Kiri-pedda,
Palaquium rubiginosum (Thwaites) Engl. VU B1ab(iii,iii)
Tawenna,
Palaquium thwaitesii Trimen S: Rathatiya VU B1ab(iii,iii)
Palaquium zeylanicum Verdc. CR B2ab(iii,iii)
Xantolis tomentosa ( Roxb.) Raf. T: Mul-makil EN B2ab(iii,iii)
Family: Schizandraceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Kadsura heteroclita (Roxb.) Craib EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Scrophulariaceae
Verbascum coromandelianum (Vahl) Hub.-Mor. # Verbascum chinense (L.) Satapau CR B2ab(iii,iii)
Family: Simaroubaceae
E: White Siris;
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ailanthus triphysa (Dennst.) Alston S: Kumbalu, Wal-bilin; VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Peru
E: Macassar kernel;
Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. LC
S: Thiththa kohomba
Quassia indica (Gaertn.) Noot. S: Samadara NT
Family: Smilacaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Smilax aspera L. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kabarassa,
Smilax perfoliata Lour. LC
Maha-kabarassa
S: Heen-kabaressa,
Smilax zeylanica L. LC
Kabarassa
Family: Solanaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lycianthes bigeminata (Nees) Bitter VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Lycianthes laevis subsp. kaitisis (Dunal) Deb ▲ DD
Solanum insanum L. * NT
Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal S: Mala-batu DD
Solanum pubescens Willd. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Wel-tibbatu;
Solanum trilobatum L. LC
T: Tuttuvalai
136
of Ceylon
Solanum violaceum Ortega LC
S: Kara-batu, Katuwel;
Solanum virginianum L. CR B2ab(iii,iii)
T: Kandan-kattari
Family: Sphenocleaceae
Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn. LC
Family: Staphyleaceae
S: Eta-hirilla,
Turpinia malabarica Gamble Garandi-kidaran, LC
Kankumbala
Family: Stemonaceae
Stemona tuberosa var. minor (Thwaites)

Stemona curtisii Hook.f. CR B2ab(iii,iii)
C.E.C.Fisch.#
Family: Stemonuraceae
Gomphandra coriacea Wight NT
Gomphandra tetrandra (Wall.) Sleumer NT
Stemonurus apicalis (Thwaites) Miers S: Uru-honda, Uru-kan NT
Family: Stylidiaceae
Stylidium uliginosum Sw. ex Willd. CR(PE)
Family: Surianaceae
Suriana maritima L. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Symplocaceae
Symplocos cochinchinensis S: Bobu, Bombu,

Symplocos acuminata (Blume) Miq. LC
(Lour.) S.Moore Wal-bombu
Symplocos bractealis Thwaites S: Bombu EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos cordifolia Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos coronata var. coronata Thwaites Symplocos coronata Thwaites S: Galparre, Guduhal VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos coronata var. glabrifolia (Thwaites)

EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Noot. ▲
Symplocos cuneata var. acuta (Thwaites)
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Noot. ▲
Symplocos cuneata var. cuneata Thwaites Symplocos cuneata Thwaites VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos diversifolia var. appressa Noot. ▲ CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos diversifolia var. diversifolia Brand Symplocos diversifolia Brand EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos elegans var. angustata Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
137
of Ceylon
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos elegans var. elegans Thwaites Symplocos elegans Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos elegans var. hirsuta (Wight & B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
Gardner ex Thwaites) Noot. ▲ +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos elegans var. minor (Thwaites) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
Noot. ▲ +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos kurgensis C.B.Clarke CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos macrophylla Wall. ex DC. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos obtusa var. cucullata Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos obtusa var. obtusa Wall. ex G.Don EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos obtusa var. pedicellata (C.B.Clarke) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
Noot. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos pendula var. pendula Wight Symplocos pendula Wight VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Symplocos pulchra subsp. hispidula (Thwaites)

Symplocos pulchra Wight VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Noot.
Family: Tamaricaceae
E: Tamarisk;
Tamarix indica Willd. LC
T: Kirai, Kiri, Tini
Family: Tetramelaceae
Tetrameles nudiflora R.Br. S: Muguna, Niguna NT
Family: Theaceae
Polyspora ceylanica (Wight) Orel, Peter S: Mihiriya, Mirihiriya,

Gordonia ceylanica Wight EN B2ab(I,ii,iii)
G.Wilson, Curry & Luu Rathatiya
Polyspora dassanayakei (Wadhwa & Weeras.) Gordonia dassanayakei
CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Orel, Peter G.Wilson, Curry & Luu Wadhwa & Weeras.
Polyspora elliptica (Gardner) Orel, Peter B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Gordonia elliptica Gardner EN
G.Wilson, Curry & Luu +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Polyspora gardneri Orel, Peter G.Wilson, Curry Gordonia speciosa (Gardner) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Ashoka, Rathu mihiriya EN
& Luu Choisy +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Thymelaeaceae
S: Wal-aha, Walla,
Gyrinops walla Gaertn. VU A3bd
Walla-patta, Patta-walla
Gnidia glauca var. glauca
Lasiosiphon glaucus Fresen. S: Naha NT
(Fresen.) Gilg
Gnidia glauca var. insularis
Lasiosiphon insularis (Gardner) Meisn. NT
(Gardn.) C.C.Townsend
Phaleria capitata Jack EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Wikstroemia canescens Meisn. NT
Family: Triuridaceae
Sciaphila janthina (Champ.) Thwaites Hyalisma janthina Champ. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sciaphila secundiflora Thwaites ex Benth. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
138
of Ceylon
Sciaphila tenella Blume CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Typhaceae
E: Bull-rush, Cat tail;

Typha angustifolia L. LC
S: Hambu-pan
Family: Ulmaceae
E: Indian elm;
Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. S: Goda kirilla; NT
T: Ayil, Kauchia, Velaylii
Family: Urticaceae
Boehmeria glomerulifera var. B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Boehmeria depauperata Wedd. S: Maha-diya-dul EN
glomerulifera Miq. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Boehmeria pilosiuscula var. pilosiuscula Boehmeria macrophylla var.
CR(PE)
(Blume) Hassk. zeylanica (Wedd.) Wadhwa
Boehmeria rugosissima (Reinw. ex Blume) Miq. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Boehmeria virgata subsp. macrophylla var. Boehmeria macrophylla var.

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
macrostachya (Wight) Friis & Wilmot-Dear ▲ macrophylla Hornem.
Boehmeria virgata subsp. macrophylla var.
DD
longissima (Hook.f.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear *
Boehmeria virgata var. scabrella (Dalzell & Boehmeria macrophylla var. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
CR
A.Gibson) Friis & Wilmot-Dear ▲ scrabella (Roxb.) Long +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Chamabainia cuspidata Wight CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
E: Wild Rhea;
Debregeasia longifolia (Burm.f.) Wedd. LC
S: Gas-dul
Debregeasia wallichiana subsp. ceylanica Debregeasia wallichiana
S: Muda-kenda NT
(Hook.f.) Wilmot-Dear (Wedd.) Wedd.
E: Devi nettle, Fever
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dendrocnide sinuata (Blume) Chew nettle; EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Maoossa-gas, Ma-ussa
Elatostema acuminatum (Poir.) Brongn. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Elatostema lineolatum var. bidentatum

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Thwaites ▲
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Elatostema lineolatum var. falcigerum Wedd. ▲ CR +2ab(i,ii,iii,
iv)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Elatostema lineolatum var. lineare Wedd. ▲ CR +2ab(i,ii,iii,
iv)
Elatostema lineolatum var. lineolatum Wight Elatostema lineolatum Wight VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Elatostema lineolatum var. petiolare Thwaites

CR(PE)
ex Trimen ▲
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Elatostema monandrum (Buch.-Ham. ex
Elatostema surculosum Wight EN +2ab(i,ii,iii,
D.Don) H.Hara
iv)
Elatostema rigidiusculum (Thwaites ex E: Rock centipede plant;
CR B1ab (i,iii)
Hooker) Ranil & Nadeeka * S: Gal hedaya
Elatostema walkerae Hook.f. CR(PE)
139
of Ceylon
E: Nilgiri nettle; B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Girardinia diversifolia (Link) Friis EN
S: Gas-kahambilia +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Laportea bulbifera (Siebold & Zucc.) Wedd. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Laportea interrupta (L.) Chew S: Wal-kahambilia LC
Lecanthus peduncularis (Wall. ex Royle) Wedd. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Oreocnide integrifolia var. B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Oreocnide rubescens (Blume) Miq. EN
sylvatica (Miq.) Wadhwa +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pellionia heyneana Wedd. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pilea angulata subsp. angulata (Blume) Blume Pilea angulata (Blume) Blume EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pilea melastomoides (Poir.) Wedd. NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pilea wightii Wedd. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pouzolzia hirta var. hirta (Blume) Hassk. Pouzolzia bennettiana Wight VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pouzolzia hirta var. parvifolia (Wight) Friis & Pouzolzia triandra (Blume) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
Wilmot-Dear Blume +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pouzolzia cymosa Wight CR(PE)
Pouzolzia pentandra subsp. wightii (Benn. & R.

Pouzolzia walkeriana Wight LC
Br.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear var. wightii
Pouzolzia zeylanica var. zeylanica (L.) Benn. & Pouzolzia auriculata Wight;
LC
R. Br. Pouzolzia zeylanica (L.) Benn.
Procris crenata C.B.Rob. LC
Family: Vahliaceae
Vahlia dichotoma (Murray) Kuntze CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Verbenaceae
Chascanum hyderabadense (Walp.) Moldenke CR(PE)
E: Cape Weed,
Cidron, Lippia grass;
Phyla nodiflora var. nodiflora (L.) Greene LC
S: Hiramana-datta;
T: Podutalai
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Priva cordifolia (L.f.) Druce CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Viburnaceae
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
Viburnum cylindricum Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
+2ab(i,ii,iii);
Viburnum erubescens Wall. ex DC. EN
D1
Family: Violaceae
Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.)

Afrohybanthus enneaspermus (L.) Flicker T: Oritad-tamarai LC
F.Muell.
140
of Ceylon
Afrohybanthus ramosissimus (Thwaites) Hybanthus ramosissimus
CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Flicker (Thwaites) Melch.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Rinorea bengalensis (Wall.) Kuntze CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rinorea decora (Trimen) Melch. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Rinorea virgata (Thwaites)

Scyphellandra virgata Thwaites NT
Kuntze
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Viola betonicifolia subsp. betonicifolia Sm. E: Violet EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Viola hamiltoniana D.Don E: Violet CR(PE)
Viola pilosa Blume E: Violet LC
Family: Vitaceae
S: Rata-bulat-wel, Towel;
Ampelocissus indica (L.) Planch NT
T: Sambaravali
Ampelocissus pheoenicantha Alston NT
Causonis trifolia (L.) Mabb. & J.Wen Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin S: Wal-rat-diya-labu LC
S: Geranda-dul-wel,
Cayratia pedata (Lam.) Gagnep. Mediya-wel; LC
T: Kattuppirandaa, Naralai
Cayratia reticulata (M.A.Lawson) Mabb. LC
Cissus adnata Roxb. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cissus gardneri Thwaites LC
Cissus glyptocarpa Thwaites CR(PE)
Cissus heyneana Steud. S: Wal-muddarappalam LC
Cissus latifolia Lam. S: Wal-diya-labu LC
Cissus lonchiphylla Thwaites NT
S: Hirassa, Sirassa;
T: Arugni, Indirvalli, Kiritti,
Cissus quadrangularis L. Pirandai, Puraindai, LC
Uchiradam, Uttansanjivi,
Vachiravalli
S: Wal-nivithi;
Cissus vitiginea L. LC
T: Kaddumuntiri
Cyphostemma setosum (Roxb.) Alston T: Anaitta dichchai NT
Cyphostemma trilobata (Lam.) M.R.Almeida Cissus trilobata Lam. LC
S: Burulla, Gurulla;
Leea indica (Burm.f.) Merr. LC
T: Nyckki, Otta-nali
Tetrastigma nilagiricum (Miq.) B.V.Shetty LC
141
of Ceylon
Family: Xyridaceae
Xyris capensis var. schoenoides

Xyris capensis var. capensis Thunb. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Mart
Xyris complanata R.Br. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Ran-manissa,
Xyris indica L. NT
Ran-mota, Ran- motu
Xyris pauciflora Willd. LC
Family: Zingiberaceae
Alpinia abundiflora Burtt & R.M.Sm. LC
Alpinia fax B.L.Burtt & R.M.Sm. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Alu-gas, Alan, Keleniya;

Alpinia nigra (Gaertn.) Burtt ▲ VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Shittai-rattai
Alpinia rufescens (Thwaites) K.Schum. CR(PE)
Amomum hypoleucum Thwaites CR(PE)
Amomum nemorale (Thwaites) Trimen CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Amomum pterocarpum Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Curcuma albiflora Thwaites S: Haran-kaha EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Curcuma aromatica Salisb. S: Dada-kaha, Wal-kaha DD
Curcuma oligantha Trimen NT
Cyphostigma pulchellum (Thwaites) Benth. NT
Elettaria cardamomum (L.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Elettaria ensal (Gaertn.) Abeyw.# S: Wal enasal VU
Maton +2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Hinguru-piyali,
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Globba marantina L. Naharai; EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
T: Kechulu kalanga
Meistera acuminata (Thwaites) Skornick. & Amomum acuminatum
CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
M.F.Newman Thwaites
Meistera benthamiana (Trim.) Skornick. & Amomum benthamianum
CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
M.F.Newman Trimen
Meistera echinocarpa (Alston) Skornick. & B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Amomum echinocarpum Alston S: Bu-kiriya, Niya EN
M.F.Newman +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Meistera fulviceps (Thwaites) Skornick. & B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Amomum fulviceps Thwaites VU
M.F.Newman +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Meistera graminifolia (Thwaites) Skornick. & Amomum graminifolium B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
M.F.Newman Thwaites +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Meistera masticatorium (Thwaites) Skornick. Amomum masticatorium B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
& M.F.Newman Thwaites +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Meistera trichostachya (Alston) Skornick. & Amomum trichostachyum
CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
M.F.Newman Alston
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Zingiber cylindricum Thwaites EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Zingiber wightianum Thwaites NT
Family: Zygophyllaceae
S: Gokatu;
Tribulus terrestris L. Sembu-nerinchi, LC
T: Chiru nerinchi
142
Crudia zeylanica (Thwaites) Benth.
Fabaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): EX
Last recorded year: 1911
Newly recorded from: Daraluwa, Minuwangoda,
Doranagoda, Kadirana, Henarathgoda, Kaduwela,
Bemmulla - Gampaha District
Photographed by: Himesh Jayasinghe
Rinorea bengalensis (Wall.) Kuntze

Violaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): EX
Newly recorded from: Kiriella -
Ratnapura District and Roomassala -
Galle District
Rinorea decora (Trimen) Melchior

Violaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): EX
Newly recorded from: Meemure -
Kandy District
Photographed by: Bathiya Gopallawa & Himesh Jayasinghe
Shorea ovalifolia (Thwaites) P.S.Ashton

Dipterocarpaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): EW
Newly recorded from: Kalawana -
Ratnapura District
143
Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall.ex Nees
Acanthaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Wariyapola -
Kurunegala District
Barleria courtallica Nees

Acanthaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Meethirigala -
Gampaha district
Lepidagathis ceylanica Nees

Acanthaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Rajawaka FR -
Ratnapura District
Ptyssiglottis sanguinolenta (Vahl) B.Hansen

Acanthaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Dandeniya -
Matara District
144
Strobilanthes arnottiana Nees
Acanthaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Galways land NP -
Nuwara Eliya District.
Strobilanthes deflexa T.Anders.

Acanthaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Belihuloya -
Ratnapura District
Strobilanthes gardneriana (Nees) T.Anders.

Acanthaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Hanthana Range - Kandy District
Photographed by: Bathiya Gopallawa & Himesh
Jayasinghe
Strobilanthes nigrescens T.Anders.

Acanthaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Uda Maliboda -
Kegalle District.
145
Strobilanthes thwaitesii T.Anders
Acanthaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Uda Maliboda -
Kegalle District
Anaxagorea luzonensis A. Gray

Annonaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Kotapola -
Matara District
Polyalthia moonii Thwaites

Annonaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Kiriella -
Ratnapura District
Wrightia puberula (Thwaites) Ngan

Apocynaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Last recorded year: Unknown
Newly recorded from: Mallawapitiya -
Kurunegala District
Photographed by: Bathiya Gopallawa.
146
Impatiens subcordata Arn.
Balsaminaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Mandaramnuwara, Kabaragala -
Nuwara Eliya District and Nawalapitiya - Kandy District
Tournefortia walkerae C.B.Clarke

Boraginaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Sinharaja FR -
Ratnapura District
Combretum acuminatum Roxb

Combretaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Bemmulla -
Gampaha District
Murdannia glauca (Thwaites ex C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn.

Commelinaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Pimbura (Kalawana) -
Ratnapura District
147
Trichosanthes nervifolia L.
Cucurbitaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Sinharaja FR -
Ratnapura District
Eriocaulon subglaucum Ruhland

Eriocaulaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Samanala Nature Reserve -
Ratnapura District
Adenochlaena zeylanica (Baill.) Thwaites

Euphorbiaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Soragune -
Badulla District
Photographed by: Sarath Rajapakshe
Euphorbia pallens Dillwyn

Euphorbiaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Urumale -
Mannar District
148
Tragia Montana (Thwaites) Müll.Arg.
Euphorbiaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Hakgala SNR -
Nuwara Eliya District
Cajanus heynei (Wight &Arn.) Maesen

Fabaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Nawalapitiya -
Kandy District
Crotalaria mysorensis Roth

Fabaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Pitawala -
Matale District
Flemingia macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze ex Merr.

Fabaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Ellagawa -
Kalutara District
149
Grona jucunda (Thwaites) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi
Fabaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Kumbukgolla -
Matale District
Indigofera constricta (Thwaites) Trimen

Fabaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Sera Ella-Knuckles -
Matale District
Indigofera wightii Graham ex Wight & Arn.

Fabaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Kalthota -
Ratnapura District
Tephrosia spinosa (L.f.) Pers.

Fabaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Arippu -
Mannar District
150
Neolitsea foliosa (Nees) Gamble
Lauraceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Morning Side -
Ratnapura District
Corchorus trilocularis L.
Malvaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Middeniya -
Matara District
Grewia hirsuta Vahl

Malvaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Rajawaka FR -
Ratnapura District
Hibiscus panduriformis Burm.f.

Malvaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Eluwankulama -
Puttalam District
151
Indianthus virgatus (Roxb.) Suksathan & Borchs.
Marantaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Pelmadulla -
Ratnapura District and Royal Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya
Sonerila cordifolia Cogn.

Melastomataceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Enasal Watta -
Galle District
Eugenia fulva Thwaites

Myrtaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Gongala -
Matara District
Pteroceras viridiflorum (Thwaites) Holttum

Orchidaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
152
Hedyotis cinereoviridis Thwaites
Rubiaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Riverstone -
Matale District
Hedyotis cyanescens Thwaites

Rubiaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Meethirigala FR -
Gampaha District
Hedyotis evenia Thwaites

Rubiaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Ratnapura District
Hedyotis quinquinervia Thwaites

Rubiaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Last recorded year: unknown
Newly recorded from: Thotupolakanda -
Photographed by: Tharanga Wijewickrama
153
Lasianthus protractus (Thwaites) Thwaites
Rubiaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Ratnapura District
Lasianthus thwaitesii var. thwaitesii Hook.f.

Rubiaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Ratnapura District
Stemona tuberosa var. minor (Thwaites) C.E.C.Fisch.

Stemonaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Maha Oya -
Ampara District
Suriana maritima L.
Surianaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Poonaryn -
Kilinochchi District.
154
Chamabainia cuspidata Wight
Urticaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Horton plains -
Elatostema monandrum (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Hara

Urticaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Ratnapura District
Elatostema rigidiusculum
(Thwaites ex Hooker) Ranil & Nadeeka
Urticaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Samanala Nature Reserve and
Bambarabotuwa - Ratnapura District
Lecanthus peduncularis (Wall. ex Royle) Wedd.

Urticaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Pitawala -
Matale District
155
Pellionia heyneana Wedd.
Urticaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Danthure -
Kandy District
Meistera acuminata (Thwaites) Skornick. & M.F.Newman

Zingiberaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Makandawa FR -
Kegalle District
Meistera benthamiana (Trim.) Skornick. & M.F.Newman

Zingiberaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR(PE)
Newly recorded from: Enasal Watta (Sinharaja) -
Ratnapura District
Ceropegia lankana (Dassan. & Jayas.) Bruyns

Apocynaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR
Newly recorded from: Balangoda -
Ratnapura District (Previously recorded only from
Knuckles Range)
156
Impatiens leucantha Thwaites
Balsaminaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR
Newly recorded from: Kalawana -
Ratnapura District
Thismia gardneriana Hook.f. ex Thwaites

Burmanniaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS (2012): CR
Last recorded year: unknown
Newly recorded from: Morning side (Sinharaja) -
Ratnapura District
Exacum pedunculatum L.
Gentianaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): CR
Newly recorded from: Habarana -
Polonnaruwa District (Previously recorded only from
Matale Bobella area)
Exacum sessile L.
Gentianaceae
Origin: Native
NCS (2012): EN
Newly recorded from: Hanthana -
Kandy District
157
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understanding of the evolution of an intriguing breeding
Watthana, S. (2006) ‘The Pomatocalpa maculosum complex strategy’, Taxon, 59(1), pp. 125–133, accessed: 31
(Orchidaceae) resolved by Multivariate Morphometric March 2020.
Analysis’, Taiwania, 51(1), pp. 1–10, accessed: 16 April
2020.
168
Gymnosperms in Sri Lanka
Table 08: List of Gymnosperms in Sri Lanka

Family/ Scientific Name Common name NCS Criteria
Family: Cycadaceae
CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cycas zeylanica (J.Schust.) A.Lindstr. & K.D.Hill Maha Madu
Cycas nathorstii J.Schust. Madu VU A2cd+ B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cycas nathorstii J.Schust.

Cycadaceae
Origin: Native
NCS : VU
Recorded from: Illukkumbura , Matale District
Cycas zeylanica (J.Schust.) A.Lindstr. & K.D.Hill

Cycadaceae
Origin: Native
NCS : CR
Recorded from: Southern Coastal area in Sri Lanka.
Photoes taken from exsitu collection at the Royal Botanic
Gardens Peradeniya.
References
Lindstrom, A.J. & Hill, K.D. (2002). ‘Notes on the species Calonje, M., Stevenson, D.W. & Osborne R. (2021). ‘The
of Cycas (Cycadaceae) from Sri Lanka and Island of World List of Cycads, online edition’, 2013-2021.
the Andaman Sea’, NOVON, 12(2), pp. 237-240. accessed: 20 Jan 2021, http://www.cycadlist.org.
169
Pteridophytes in Sri Lanka
R.H.G. Ranil1, N.P.T. Gunawardena2, D.K.T. Muthukuda Arachchi2, D.K.N.G. Pushpakumara1 and D.S.A. Wijesundara3
1
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
2
National Herbarium, Department of National Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
3
National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
Sri Lanka’s pteridophytes are important both on a regional species, hybrids and taxonomically doubtful species were
and global scale. Geographical isolation and a wide range excluded. Table 09 shows a comparison of the number of
of climatic, elevational, and habitat types in Sri Lanka have taxa under each category between National Red Lists 2012
resulted in the rich diversity of pteridophytes (Ferns and and 2020. It indicates the severity of threat level and the
Lycophytes) and exceptionally the high level of endemism immediate necessity of setting conservation priorities and
(Ranil and Pushpakumara, 2012). As Fraser-Jenkins, (1984, management goals.
2010) stated the species found in the Sri Lankan/south
Indian, or “Hindulankan” region, show a strong affinity Over the last two decades, the number of pteridophytes
with the Malaysian flora in South East Asia, the Sino- has changed significantly due to recently conducted
Himalayan flora in north east India and to a lesser degree pteridological studies in India and also due to the re-
with African elements in East Africa, Madagascar, the identification of previously misidentified species (see
Mascarenes, and Seychelles. Fraser-Jenkins, 2008 and Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2016, 2018,
2020) which are in some cases unknown from herbarium
Shaffer-Fehre (2006) reported the occurrence of 351 taxa records. We have tried to include all such information and
including 48 endemics in the flora of Ceylon. Though the hence the total number of taxa has increased by 15 in the
Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon was compiled current list.
in 1995, it was published later in 2006. Important
taxonomic changes proposed after 1995 were therefore We follow here the PPG-I (2016) classification system to
not included in it (Ranil et al., 2016). The National Red list most of the taxa. For some taxonomic groups, recently
List 2012 (Ranil and Pushpakumara, 2012) was also published taxonomic changes were also considered when
entirely based on the list provided in the Hand book. necessary. Even though the Revised Handbook to the Flora
Ranil et al. (2016) have considered some of the changes of Ceylon - volume 15 (A and B) is taxonomically out of
made during the last two decades in their evaluation of date, it is still valid and widely used due to its carefully and
the endemic pteridophyte flora in Sri Lanka and have accurately prepared species descriptions (Ranil et al., 2020).
confirmed 47 taxa as Sri Lankan endemics. When a different name is adopted in the current list, the
corresponding name used in the Hand book is therefore
The National Red List of pteridophytes -2020 was based given in parenthesis [FC(A) and FC(B)]. In the same way,
on the updated checklist of pteridophyte flora in Sri Lanka the different names used in the taxonomically orientated
compiled by Ranil et al., (2020) as a result of reviewing Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes Parts 1, 2 and 3 (Fraser-
studies in India and other phytogeographically related Jenkins et al. 2016, 2018, 2020.) are also given in parenthesis
areas. The list contains 392 taxa including 42 endemics. [CIP(1), CIP(2)] and CIP (3). Endemic species are in bold-face.
Of these, we have evaluated here 350 native taxa using We aim for the current list to provide an accurate scientific
IUCN Red Listing Criteria to identify the conservation basis for future research and conservation activities
status of each taxon in the present work. Naturalized concerning Sri Lanka’s unique pteridophyte diversity.
Table 09. A comparison of the conservation-status of Pteridophyte species between 2012 and 2020
Conservation-status National Red List (2012) National Red List (2020)
Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct) 20 25
Critically Endangered 41 49
Endangered 87 87
Vulnerable 71 71
Near Threatened 40 38
Least Concern 67 65
Data Deficient 09 15
Total No. of taxa 335 350
170
Table: 10. Summary of the Status of Pteridophytes in Sri Lanka
(Endemics are shown within brackets; Species and Sub species! are noted separately)
Total Total
Family EX EW CR CR EN VU NT DD LC Threatened Taxa
(PE) Taxa
Aspleniaceae 3 (1) 3 6 (1) 6 5 5 15 (1) 28 (2)

1ꜝ 1ꜝ 1ꜝ 1ꜝ 2ꜝ 4ꜝ
Athyriaceae 4 (2) 10 (2) 7 3 (1) 2 2 21 (4) 28 (5)

1ꜝ 1ꜝ 3ꜝ 1ꜝ 5ꜝ
Blechnaceae 1 1 2 2 4
1ꜝ 1ꜝ 1ꜝ
Cyatheaceae 2 (2) 4 (2) 1 (1) 7 (5) 7 (5)
Davalliaceae 2 1 1 1 1 3 6
Dennstaedtiaceae 3 2 1 1 1 3 4 11
Diplaziopsidaceae 1 1 1
Dryopteridaceae 2 (1) 7 12 (3) 7 (3) 3 (1) 1 2 (1) 26 (6) 34 (9)

2 (2) ꜝ 1ꜝ 3 (1)ꜝ 6 (3)ꜝ 6 (3)ꜝ
Equisetaceae 1 1 1
Gleicheniaceae 2 0 2
Grammitidoideae 2 6 (3) 3 6 (3) 2 (2) 3 15 (6) 22 (8)
Hymenophyllaceae 5 9 5 (1) 1 19 (1) 20 (1)
Hypodematiaceae 1 1 1 2
Isoetaceae 1 1 1
Lindsaeaceae 5 (1) 4 2 2 11 (1) 13 (1)

1ꜝ 1ꜝ
Lycopodiaceae 1 6 3 1 1 1 10 13
Lygodiaceae 1 1 1 1 3
Marattiaceae 1 2 1 3
Marsileaceae 1 1 1 2
Nephrolepidaceae 1 1 1 1 2 4
Oleandraceae 1 1 1
Ophioglossaceae 1 8 9 9
Osmundaceae 1 1 1
Polypodiaceae 3 (1) 5 3 1 5 (1) 3 10 (1) 8 30 (3)

1ꜝ 1ꜝ 1ꜝ 2ꜝ
Psilotaceae 1 1 1
Pteridaceae 7 1 4 9 8 5 16 14 50
1ꜝ 2ꜝ 2ꜝ 2ꜝ 1ꜝ 7ꜝ
Salviniaceae 1 0 1
1ꜝ 1ꜝ
Schizaeaceae 1 0 1
Selaginellaceae 3 (1) 4 (3) 2 3 (1) 9 (4)
Tectariaceae 1 1 3 3 (1) 3 7 (1) 11 (1)
Thelypteridaceae 2 (1) 3 (1) 7 (1) 10 3 1 5 20 (2) 31 (3)
TOTAL 31 25 (4) 49 (9) 87 (9) 71 (10) 38 (8) 15 65 (2) 207 (28) 350 (42)
3 (2)ꜝ 3ꜝ 6 (1)ꜝ 5ꜝ 6ꜝ 4ꜝ 12 (3)ꜝ 27 (3)ꜝ
171
Table: 11. List of Pteridophytes in Sri Lanka
(Endemic species are in bold letters )
LYCOPHYTES
Family/Scientific Name Synonyms/Other Names Common Names NCS Criteria
Family: Lycopodiaceae P.Beauv. ex Mirb.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Huperzia ceylanica (Spring) Trevis. S: Kuda-hedaya EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Huperzia serrata auct. non (Thunb.) B1ab (i,ii,iii)
Huperzia javanica (Sw.) C.Y.Yang. EN
Trevis.FC(A) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lycopodium japonicum Thunb. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lycopodium wightianum Grev. & Hook. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Lycopodiella cernua (L.) Pic.Serm. S: Badal-hanassa,
Palhinhaea cernua (L.) Franco & Vasc. LC
FC(A)/CIP(1)
Badal wanassa
Phlegmariurus hamiltonii (Spreng.) A.Löve & D. Huperzia hamiltonii (Spring) Trevis. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kuda- hedaya EN
Löve FC(A)/CIP(1)
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Phlegmariurus nilagiricus (Spring) A.R.Field & Huperzia hilliana (Nessel) Holub

DD
Bostock Huperzia nilagirica (Spring)
R.D.DixitCIP(1)
Huperzia phlegmaria (L.) Rothm.FC(A)/
Phlegmariurus phlegmaria (L.) Holub CIP(1) S: Maha-hedaya VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Phlegmariurus phyllanthus (Hook. & Arn.) Huperzia phyllantha (Hook. & Arn,)
S: Maha-hedaya VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
R.D.Dixit HolubFC(A)/CIP(1)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Phlegmariurus pinifolius (Trevis.) Kiew Huperzia pinifolia Trevis.FC(A) S: Kuda-hedaya CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Phlegmariurus pulcherrimus (Hook. & Grev.) Huperzia pulcherrima (Wall. ex Hook.
S: Kuda-hedaya VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
A.Löve & D.Löve & Grev.) Pic.Serm.FC(A)/CIP(1)
Phlegmariurus squarrosus (G.Forst.) A.Löve & Huperzia squarrosa (G.Forst.) Trevis. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Kuda-hedaya EN
D.Löve FC(A)/CIP(1)
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Lycopodiella caroliniana (L.) Pic.Serm.
Pseudolycopodiella caroliniana (L.) Holub FC(A)/CIP(1) NT
Family: Isoetaceae Dumort.
Isoetes coromandelina L.f. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Selaginellaceae Willk.
Selaginella calostachya (Hook. & Grev.) Alston NT
Selaginella ciliaris (Retz.) Spring LC
Selaginella cochleata (Hook. & Grev.) Spring LC
Selaginella crassipes Spring NT
Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Selaginella latifolia (Hook. & Grev.) Spring VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Selaginella intergerrima (Hook. &

Selaginella ornithopodioides (L.) Spring NT
Grev.) SringFC(B)
Selaginella praetermissa Alston NT
Selaginella wightii Hieron. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
172
FERNS
Family: Equisetaceae Michx. ex DC
Eqisetum debile Roxb. ex Vaucher B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. EN
HolubFC(A) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Psilotaceae J.W.Griff & Henfr.
Psilotum nudum (L.) P.Beauv. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Ophioglossaceae Martinov
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Helminthostachys zeylanica (L.) Hook. S: Thani-wel EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Japanobotrychum lanuginosum (Wall. ex Hook. Botrychium lanuginosum Wall. ex

CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
& Grev.) M.Nishida ex Tagawa Hook. & Grev.FC(A)/CIP(1)
Ophioderma pendula (L.) C.Presl. Ophioglossum pendulum L.FC(A)/CIP(1) S: Pati-dhatu EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ophioglossum costatum R.Br. S: Ek-Pethi-Pium EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ophioglossum gramineum Willd. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ophioglossum nudicaule auct. non

Ophioglossum parvifolium Grev. & Hook. S: Diya-gabbalu EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
L.f.FC(A)
Ophioglossum petiolatum Hook. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ophioglossum reticulatum L. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Sceptridium daucifolium (Wall. ex Hook. & Botrychium daucifolium Wall. ex Hook. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
Grev.) Lyon & Grev.FC(A)/CIP(1) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Marattiaceae Kaulf.
Angiopteris crassipes Wall. ex C.Presl. LC
Angiopteris helferiana C.Presl. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ptisana fraxinea (Sm.) Murdock Marattia fraxinea Sm.FC(A)/CIP(1) EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Osmundaceae Martinov
Osmunda angustifolia ChingCIP(1)

Plenasium angustifolium (Ching) A.E.Bobrov EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Osmunda collina Sledge FC(A)
Family: Hymenophyllaceae Link.
Selenodesmium obscurum
Abrodictyum obscurum (Blume) Ebihara & K.I
(Blume) Copel.FC(A) VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
wats.
Trichomanes obscurum BlumeCIP(1)
Crepidomanes bilabiatum (Nees & Blume) Trichomanes bilabiatum Nees &
CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Copel. BlumeCIP(1)
Crepidomanes intramarginale (Hook. & Grev.) Trichomanes intramarginale Hook. & B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
Copel. Grev.CIP(1) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Crepidomanes kurzii (Bedd.) Tagawa & K.Iwats. Trichomanes kurzii Bedd.CIP(1) CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Trichomanes latealatum (Bosch)
Crepidomanes latealatum (Bosch) Copel. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
ChristCIP(1)
Gonocormus prolifer (Blume) Prantl
Crepidomanes minutum (Blume) K.Iwats. FC(A)
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Trichomanes minutum BlumeCIP(1)
Gonocormus saxifragoides (C.Presl)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Crepidomanes saxifragoides (C.Presl) P.S.Green BoschFC(A) EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Trichomanes saxifragoides C.Presl CIP(1)
Crepidomanes campanulatum (Roxb.) Panigrahi B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Trichomanes campanulatum Roxb.CIP(1) EN
& Sarn.Singh +2ab(i,ii,iii)
173
Microgonium
Didymoglossum bimarginatum (Bosch) Ebihara bimarginatum BoschFC(A)
EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
& K.Iwats. Trichomanes bimarginatum (Bosch)
BoschCIP(1)
Trichomanes exiguum (Bedd.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Didymoglossum exiguum (Bedd.) Copel EN
BakerCIP(1) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Microgonium motleyi BoschFC(A)

Didymoglossum motleyi (Bosch) Ebihara & K. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Trichomanes motleyi (Bosch) CR
Iwats. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
BoschCIP(1)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Didymoglossum wallii (Thwaites) Copel. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Hymenophyllum badium Hook. & Grev. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Meringium denticulatum (Sw.)

Hymenophyllum denticulatum Sw. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Copel.FC(A)
Mecodium gardneri (Bosch)

Hymenophyllum gardneri Bosch VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Jayasekara FC(A)
Mecodium javanicum (Spreng.)

Hymenophyllum javanicum Sperng. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Copel.FC(A)
Meringium macroglossum (Bosch)

Hymenophyllum macroglossum Bosch VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Copel. FC(A)
Microtrichomanes nitidulum
Hymenophyllum nitidulum (Bosch) Ebihara & B1ab(i,ii,iii)
(Bosch) Copel. FC(A) EN
K.Iwats. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Trichomanes nitidulum BoschCIP(1)
Pleuromanes pallidum (Blume)
Hymenophyllum pallidum (Blume) Ebihara & K. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
C.Presl.FC(A) EN
Iwats. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Trichomanes pallidum BlumeCIP(1)
Mecodium polyanthos sensu auct.

Hymenophyllum tenellum D.Don NT
Asiat., non (Sw.) Copel.FC(A)
Family: Gleicheniaceae C.Presl.
Dicranopteris linearis (Burm.f.) Underw. S: Kakilla LC
Dicranopteris linearis var. montana

Dicranopteris taiwanensis Ching & P.S.Chiu S: Kakilla LC
Holttum FC(1)
Family: Lygodiaceae C.Presl.
Lygodium circinnatum (Burm.f.) Sw. S: maha-pamba VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lygodium flexuosum (L.) Sw. S: Pamaba-wel NT
Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R.Br. S: Pamaba-wel LC
Family: Schizaeaceae Kaulf.
Actinostachys digitata (L.) Wall. Schizaea digitata (L.) Sw.FC (B)/CIP(1) NT
Family: Salviniaceae Martinov
Azolla pinnata R.Br. subsp. asiatica

Azolla pinnata R.Br.FC(B) LC
R.M.K.Saunders & K.Fowler
174
Family: Marsileaceae Mirb.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Marsilea coromandelina Willd. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Marsilea minuta L. S: Hathara-pethiya LC
Family: Cyatheaceae Kaulf
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Alsophila hookeri (Thwaites) R.M.Tryon Cyathea hookeri ThwaitesFC(A) S: Gini-hota, Gini-watara EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Alsophila sinuata (Hook. & Grev.) R.M.Tryon Cyathea sinuata Hook. &Grev. FC(A) S: Gini-hota, Gini-watara EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Alsophila sledgei (Ranil, Pushpakumara & Cyathea sledgei Ranil,

S: Gini-hota, Gini-watara CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Fraser-Jenk.) Ranil Pushpakumara & Fraser-Jenk.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Alsophila srilankensis (Ranil) Ranil Cyathea srilankensis Ranil S: Gini-hota, Gini-watara CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Alsophila walkerae (Hook.) J.Sm. Cyathea walkerae Hook FC(A) S: Gini-hota, Gini-watara VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyathea gigantea (Wall. ex Hook.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Gymnosphaera gigantea (Wall. ex Hook.) S.Y.Dong S: Gini-hota, Gini-watara EN
HolttumFC(A)/CIP(1) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Cyathea crinita (Hook.) Copel.FC(A)/ B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Sphaeropteris crinita (Hook.) R.M.Tryon S: Gini-hota, Gini-watara EN
CIP(1)
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Lindsaeaceae C.Presl ex M.R.Schomb.
Lindsaea bonii Christ EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lindsaea cultrata (Willd.) Sw. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lindsaea ensifolia Sw. LC
Lindsaea glandulifera Alderw. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lindsaea heterophylla Dryand. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lindsaea orbiculata (Lam.) Mett. ex Kuhn EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Lindsaea repens (Bory) Thwaites

B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lindsaea pectinata Blume var. pectinata (Blume) Mett. ex CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Kuhn FC(A)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lindsaea schizophylla (Baker) Christ CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lindsaea venusta Kaulf. ex Kuhn EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lindsaea walkerae Hook. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Nesolindsaea caudata (Hook.) Lehtonen &
Lindsaea caudata Hook.FC(A) VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Christenh.
Odontosoria chinensis (L.) J.Sm. subsp. Sphenomeris chinensis (L.) Maxon

LC
tenuifolia (Lam.) Fraser-Jenk. & Kandel FC(A)
Osmolindsaea odorata (Roxb.) Lehtonen & B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Lindsaea odorata Roxb.FC(A)/CIP(1) EN
Christenh. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
175
Family: Pteridaceae E.D.M.Kirchn.
Acrostichum aureum L. LC
Acrostichum speciosum Willd. DD
Actiniopteris radiata (Sw.) Link VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Adiantum capillus-veneris L. LC
Adiantum caudatum L. S: Thuda-vediya LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Adiantum flabellulatum L. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Adiantum hispidulum Sw. LC
Adiantum incisum Forssk. subsp. indicum

Adiantum indicum J.GhatakFC(B) NT
(J.Ghatak) Fraser-Jenk.
Adiantum philippense L. LC
Adiantum poiretii Wikstr. CR (PE)
Adiantum zollingeri Mett. ex Kuhn LC
Aleuritopteris anceps (Blanf.) Panigrahi Cheilanthes anceps Blanf.FC(B) VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Aleuritopteris bicolor (Roxb.) Fraser-Jenk. Cheilanthes bicolor (Roxb.) Griff. ex DD

Fraser-Jenk.FC(B)
Aleuritopteris bullosa (Kunze) Ching Cheilanthes bullosa Kunze FC(B) VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Aleuritopteris formosana (Hayata) Tagawa DD
Cheilanthes krameri auct. non

Aleuritopteris wollenweberi Fraser-Jenk. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Franch. & Sav.FC(B)
Anogramma leptophylla (L.) Link CR(PE)
Antrophyum plantagineum (Cav.) Kaulf. NT
Antrophyum reticulatum (G.Forst.) Kaulf. LC
Ceratopteris cornuta (P.Beauv.) Lepr. DD
Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn. subsp.

NT
thalictroides
Doryopteris concolor (Langsd. & Fisch.) Kuhn NT
Haplopteris elongata (Sw.) E.H.Crane Vittaria elongata Sw.FC(B)/CIP(1) NT
Haplopteris microlepis (Hieron) Mazumdar Vittaria microlepis Hieron.FC(B)/CIP(1) NT
Vittaria scolopendrina (Bory)

Haplopteris scolopendrina C.Presl NT
ThwaitesFC(B)/CIP(1)
Haplopteris zosterifolia (Willd.) E.H.Crane Vittaria zosterifolia Willd.CIP(1) DD
Coniogramme serrulata (Blume) Fée Conigramme serra FéeFC(B) VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
176
Oeosporangium elegans (Poir.) Fraser.-Jenk. &

Cheilanthes opposita Kaulf. FC(B) LC
Pariyar
Oeosporangium tenuifolium (Burm.f.) Fraser- Cheilanthes tenuifolia (Burm.f.)

LC
Jenk. & Pariyar Sw. FC(B)
Oeosporangium thwaitesii (Mett. ex Kuhn) Cheilanthes thwaitesii Mett. ex

LC
Fraser-Jenk. KuhnFC(B)
Parahemionitis arifolia
Parahemionitis cordata (Roxb. ex Hook. et (Burm.f.) PanigrahiFC(B);
LC
Grev.) Fraser-Jenk. Mickelopteris cordata (Roxb. ex
Hook. & Grev.) Fraser-Jenk.CIP(1)
Pellaea boivinii Hook. CR(PE)
Pellaea falcata (R.Br.) Fée CR(PE)
Pteris argyraea T.Moore Pteris confusa T.G.Walker FC(B) VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pteris biaurita L. subsp. fornicata Fraser-Jenk. DD
Pteris biaurita L. subsp. walkeriana Fraser-Jenk.

Pteris biaurita L.FC(B) LC
Pteris cretica L. subsp. cretica EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pteris cretica L. subsp. laeta (Wall. ex Ettingsh.)

DD
Fraser-Jenk.
Pteris ensiformis Burm.f. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pteris gongalensis T.G.Walker CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Idiopteris hookeriana (J.Agardh)

Pteris hookeriana J.Agardh NT
T.G.WalkerFC(B)
Pteris mertensioides Willd. CR(PE)
Pteris multiaurita J.Agardh LC
Pteris quadriaurita x P. multiaurita B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
Pteris otaria Bedd. FC(B)
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pteris longipes sensu auct. non

Pteris pellucens J.Agardh CR(PE)
D.DonFC(B)
Pteris praetermissa T.G.Walker VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pteris quadriaurita Retz. LC
Pteris reptans T.G.Walker VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pteris tripartita Sw. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pteris vittata L. subsp. vittata LC
Taenitis blechnoides (Willd.) Sw. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Monogramma paradoxa acut. non

Vaginularia junghuhnii Mett. CR(PE)
(Fée) Bedd.FC(B)
177
Family: Dennstaedtiaceae Lotsy
Dennstaedtia zeylanica (Sw.) Zink ex Fraser- Dennstaedtia scabra (Wall. ex

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Jenk. Hook.) T.MooreFC(A)
Histiopteris incisa (Thunb.) J.Sm. LC
Hypolepis glandulifera Brownsey &

Hypolepis resistens (Kunze) Hook. LC
ChinnockFC(A)
Microlepia dubia auct. non (Roxb.)
Microlepia firma Mett. ex Kuhn CR(PE)
C.V.MortonFC(A)
Microlepia hallbergii (d’Almeida) C.Chr. DD
Microlepia majuscule (E.J.Lowe) T.Moore CR(PE)
Microlepia platyphylla (D.Don) J.Sm. CR(PE)
Microlepia rhomboidea (Hook.) C.Presl ex B1ab(i,ii,iii)

CR
Prantl +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Microlepia speluncae (L.) T.Moore EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Microlepia strigosa (Thunb.) C.Presl CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
S: Waralla, An-kakilla,
Pteridium revolutum (Blume) Nakai LC
Monara-kakilla
Family: Diplaziopsidaceae X.C.Zhang & Christenh.
Diplazium javanicum (Blume) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Diplaziopsis javanica (Blume) C.Chr EN
MakinoFC(B)/CIP(1) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Aspleniaceae Newman
Asplenium aethiopicum (Burm.f.) Bech. subsp.

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
aethiopicum
Asplenium affine Sw. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Asplenium decrescens Kunze LC
Asplenium disjunctum Sledge CR(PE)
Asplenium ensiforme Wall. ex Hook. & Grev. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Asplenium erectum Bory ex Willd. LC
Asplenium falcatum Lam. Asplenium polyodon sensu acut.,

LC
non G.Forst.FC(A)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Asplenium formosum Willd. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Asplenium gardneri Baker VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Asplenium grevillei Wall. ex Hook. & Grev. CR(PE)
Asplenium inaequilaterale Bory ex Willd. NT
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Asplenium laciniatum D.Don subsp. laciniatum EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
178
Asplenium laciniatum D.Don subsp. fraser-

DD
jenkinsii ex Pangtey & Khullar
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Asplenium longipes Fée EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Asplenium bipinnatum (Sledge)
Asplenium mysorense Roth VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
PhilcoxFC(A)
Asplenium nidoides Fraser-Jenk. & Kandel Asplenium nidus L.FC(A) S: Gal-palu NT
Asplenium nitidum Sw. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Asplenium normale D.Don NT
Asplenium pellucidum Lam. CR(PE)
Asplenium serricula Fée LC
Asplenium tenerum G.Forst. LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Asplenium tenuifolium D.Don CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Asplenium thunbergii Kunze Asplenium decorum KunzeFC(A) EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Asplenium yoshinagae Makino subsp. Asplenium indicum auct. non
NT
austroindicum Fraser-Jenk. SledgeFC(A)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Asplenium zenkerianum Kunze EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Asplenium amoenum C.Presl ex
Hymenasplenium amoenum (C.Presl ex Mett.)
Mett.]FC(A)/CIP(1) NT
Ranil
Aspleniaum unilaterale Lam.FC(A)
Hymenasplenium cheilosorum (Kunze ex Mett.) Asplenium cheilosorum Kunze ex
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Tagawa Mett.FC(A)/CIP(1)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hymenasplenium excisum (C.Presl) S.Linds. Asplenium excisum C.Presl FC(A)/CIP(1) EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Hymenasplenium obscurum (Blume) Tagawa Asplenium obscurum BlumeFC(A)/CIP(1) CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Blechnaceae Newman
Austroblechnum melanocaulon (Brack.) de

Blechnum colensoi auct. non
Gasper & V.A.O.Dittrich subsp. pallens VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
(Hook.f.) N.A.Wakef.FC(A)
(T.C. Chambers & P.A. Farrant) Parris
Blechnopsis orientalis (L.) C.Presl Blechnum orientale L.FC(A)/CIP(2) S: Baru-koku LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Doodia dives Kunze EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Stenochlaena palustris (Burm.f) Bedd. LC
Family: Athyriaceae Alston
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Athyrium anisopterum Christ EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Athyrium cumingianum (C.Presl) Ching EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Athyrium gymnogrammoides (Klotzsch ex
CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Mett.) Bedd.
179
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Athyrium hohenackerianum (Kunze) T.Moore EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Athyrium praetermissum Sledge VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Athyrium puncticaule (Blume) T.Moore EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Athyrium setiferum C.Chr. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Athyrium solenopteris (Kunze) T.Moore EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Athyrium triangulare Alderw. Athyrium wardii acut., non (Hook.)
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
MakinoFC(B)
Deparia boryana (Willd.) M.Kato subsp.
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
boryana
Deparia boryana (Willd.) M.Kato subsp.
DD
austroindica Fraser-Jenk.
Deparia japonica (Thunb.) M.Kato subsp.
DD
japonica
Deparia japonica (Thunb.) M.Kato subsp. Deparia petersenii (Kunze) M.Kato
NT
petersenii (Kunze) Fraser-Jenk. subsp. peterseniiFC(A)
Deparia japonica ( Thunb.) M.Kato subsp.
DD
sledgei (Fraser-Jenk.) Fraser-Jenk.
Deparia lancea (Thunb.) Fraser-Jenk. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Deparia polyrhiza (Baker) Seriz. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Deparia thwaitesii (A.Braun ex Mett.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
Christenh. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Deparia zeylanica (Hook) M. Kato. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Diplazium beddomei C.Chr. NT
Diplazium brachylobum (Sledge) Manickam & B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
Irudayaraj +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Diplazium decurrens Bedd. NT
Diplazium dilatatum Blume LC
Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. NT
Diplazium latifolium T.Moore DD
Diplazium cognatum (Hieron.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Diplazium leptophyllum Christ EN
SledgeFC(B) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Diplazium muricatumacut., non B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diplazium manickamii Fraser-Jenk. & Kholia EN
(Mett.) Alderw.FC(B) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diplazium paradoxum Fée EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Diplazium polypodioides Blume LC
Diplazium procumbens Holttum VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diplazium sylvaticum (Bory) Sw. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Diplazium travancoricum Bedd. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
180
Family: Thelypteridaceae Ching ex Pic.Serm.
Amphineuron opulentum (Kaulf.)

HolttumFC(B) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Amblovenatum opulentum (Kaulf.) J.P.Roux EN
Thelypteris opulenta (Kaulf.) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
FosbergCIP(1)
Amphineuron terminans
Amblovenatum terminans (J.Sm. ex Hook.) J.P (J.Sm. ex Hook.) Holttum]FC(B)
LC
.Roux Thelypteris terminans (J.Sm. ex
Hook.) Tagawa & K.Iwats.CIP(1)
Ampelopteris prolifera (Retz.) Copel. Thelypteris prolifera (Retz.)

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
C.F.ReedCIP(1)
Thelypteris dentata (Forssk.) E.P.St.

Christella dentata (Forssk.) Brownsey & Jermy LC
JohnCIP(1)
Thelypteris hispidula (Decne.)
Christella hispidula (Decne.) Holttum VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
C.F.Reed CIP(1)
Thelypteris meeboldii (Rosenst.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Christella meeboldii (Rosenst.) Holttum CR
C.F.ReedCIP(1) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Thelypteris papilio (C.Hope) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Christella papilio (Hope) Holttum EN
K.Iwats.CIP(1) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Thelypteris sledgei Fraser-Jenk.

B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Christella sledgei (Fraser-Jenk.) Ranil Christella papilio (C.Hope) Holttum EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
var. repens Sledge FC(B)
Thelypteris parasitica (L.) Tardieu
Christella parasitica (L.) H.Lév. CIP(1) LC
Thelypteris subpubescens (Blume) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Christella subpubescens (Blume) Holttum EN
K.Iwats.CIP(1) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Thelypteris semisagittata (Roxb.)
Christella zeylanica (Fée) Holttum CR(PE)
C.V.Moran CIP(1)
Thelypteris interrupta (Willd.)
Cyclosorus interruptus (Willd.) H.Itô NT
K.Iwats.CIP(1)
Thelypteris torresiana (Gaudich.)
Macrothelypteris torresiana (Gaudich.) Ching NT
Alston CIP(1)
Thelypteris dassanayakei
Metathelypteris dassanayakei (Fraser-Jenk.) Fraser-Jenk. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
CR
Ranil Metathelypteris flaccida (Blume) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ching var. repens Sledge FC(B)
Thelypteris flaccida (Blume) Ching
Metathelypteris flaccida (Blume) Ching CIP(1) VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Thelypteris gracilescens (Blume)

Metathelypteris gracilescens (Blume) Ching DD
ChingCIP(1)
Parathelypteris beddomei (Baker) Ching Thelypteris beddomei (Baker)
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
ChingCIP(1)
Thelypteris truncata (Poir.) K.Iwats.
Pneumatopteris truncata (Poir.) Holttum CIP(1) VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pronephrium articulatum (Houlston & T.Moore) Thelypteris articulata (Houlston &

NT
Holttum T.Moore) Tagawa & K.Iwats.CIP(1)
Pronephrium gardneri Holttum CR(PE)
Thelypteris triphylla (Sw.) K.Iwats.

Pronephrium triphyllum (Sw.) Holttum CIP(1) VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Thelypteris tylodes (Kunze)

Pseudocyclosorus tylodes (Kunze) Ching VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
ChingCIP(1)
181
Pseudophegopteris pyrrhorhachis
(Kunze) Ching FC(B)
Pseudophegopteris paludosa (Blume) Ching VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Thelypteris paludosa (Blume)
K.Iwats.CIP(1)
Thelypteris arbuscula (Willd.)
Sphaerostephanos arbuscula (Willd.) Holttum LC
K.Iwats.CIP(1)
Thelypteris subtruncata (Bory) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Sphaerostephanos subtruncatus (Bory) Holttum CR
Panigrahi CIP(1) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Thelypteris unita (L.) C.V.Morton
Sphaerostephanos unitus (L.) Holttum CIP(1) LC
Thelypteris stipitata Fraser-Jenk.

Stegnogramma stipitata (Fraser-Jenk.) Ranil Stegnogramme pozoi (Lag.) K.Iwats. EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
var. petiolata (Ching) Sledge FC(2)
Trigonospora angustifrons Sledge
FC(2)
Trigonospora calcarata (Blume) Holttum Trigonospora glandulosa Sledge FC(2) VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Trigonospora zeylanica (Ching)
SledgeFC(2)
Thelypteris caudipinna Ching CIP(1)
Trigonospora caudipinna (Ching) Sledge VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Trigonospora obtusiloba Sledge FC(2)
Thelypteris tenera (Roxb.) C.V. B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Trigonospora ciliata (Wall. ex Benth.) Holttum. EN
Morton ex Fraser-Jenk.CIP(1) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Thelypteris confluens (Thunb.) C.V.Morton EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Hypodematiaceae Ching
Hypodematium crenatum (Forssk.) Kuhn subsp. B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
crenatum +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Leucostegia truncata (D.Don) Fraser-Jenk. Leucostegia immersa C.Presl FC(A) DD
Family: Dryopteridaceae Herter
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Arachniodes amabilis (Blume) Tindale EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Arachniodes aristata auct. non
Arachniodes palmipes (Kunze) Fraser-Jenk. LC
(Forst.f.) Tindale FC(A)
Arachniodes tripinnata auct. non
Arachniodes sledgei Fraser-Jenk . NT
(Goldm.) Sledge FC(A)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Bolbitis angustipinna (Hayata) H.Itô. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Bolbitis appendiculata (Willd.) K.Iwats. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Bolbitis aspleniifolia (Bory) K.Iwats. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Bolbitis semicordata (Baker) Ching CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Bolbitis subcrenata (Hook. & Grev.) Ching EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ctenitis thwaitesii Holttum EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dryopteris approximata Sledge CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dryopteris atrata (Wall. ex Kunze) Ching DD
182
Dryopteris deparioides (T.Moore) Kuntze

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
subsp. deparioides
Dryopteris deparioides (T.Moore) Kuntze B1ab(i,ii,iii)
CR
subsp. ambigua (Sledge) Fraser-Jenk. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dryopteris deparioides (T.Moore) Kuntze B1ab(i,ii,iii)
CR
subsp. concinna C.Chr. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dryopteris hirtipes (Blume) Kuntze VU
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dryopteris macrochlamys (Fée) Fraser-Jenk. LC
Dryopsis obtusiloba (Baker)

Dryopteris obtusiloba (Baker) Kuntze VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Holttum & EdwardsFC(A)
Diacalpe aspidioides Blume FC(A)
Dryopteris pseudocaenopteris (Kunze) Li Bing B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Peranema aspidioides (Blume) EN
Zhang +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Mett.CIP(2 )
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Dryopteris pulvinulifera (Bedd.) Kuntze EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Dryopteris sledgei Fraser-Jenk. CR(PE)
Dryopteris sparsa (D. Don) Kuntze subsp.

VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
rectipinnula Fraser-Jenk.
Dryopteris undulata (Bedd.) Kuntze CR(PE)
Dryopteris wallichiana (Spreng.) Hyl. subsp. B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
madrasensis (Fraser-Jenk.) Fraser-Jenk. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Elaphoglossum angulatum (Blume) T.Moore EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Elaphoglossum ceylanicum Krajina ex Sledge EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Elaphoglossum commutatum (Mett. ex Kuhn) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
Alderw. +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Elaphoglossum spathulatum (Bory) T.Moore CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Lastreopsis tenera (R.Br.) Tindale VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Parapolystichum rufescens (Blume) Labiak, Lastreopsis rufescens (Blume) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

EN
Sundue & R.C.Moran Ching FC(A) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Polystichum anomalum (Hook. & Arn.) J.Sm.
VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
subsp. anomalum
Polystichum piceopaleaceum auct. B1ab(i,ii,iii)
EN
Polystichuma austropaleaceum Fraser-Jenk. non Tagawa FC(A) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Polystichum biaristatum (Blume) T.Moore VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Polystichum harpophyllum (Zenker ex Kunze)

NT
Sledge
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Polystichum mucronifolium (Blume) C.Presl CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Polystichum walkerae (Hook.) Sledge NT
Teratophyllum aculeatum (Blume) Mett. ex

CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Kuhn
Family: Nephrolepidaceae Pic.Serm.
Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
183
Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) C.Presl NT
Nephrolepis falcata acut., non

Nephrolepis falciformis J.Sm. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
(Cav.) C.Chr FC(A)
Nephrolepis hirsutula acut., non
Nephrolepis brownie (Desv.) Hovenkamp et Miyam. LC
(G.Forst.) C.Presl FC(A)
Family: Tectariaceae Panigrahi
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Arthropteris palisotii (Desv.) Alston EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pteridrys cnemidaria (Christ) C.Chr. & Ching Pteridrys zeylanica Ching FC(A) CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Tectaria coadunata (J.Sm.) C.Chr. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Tectaria decurrens (C.Presl) Copel. LC
Tecctaria membranacea (Hook.) Fraser-Jenk. Tectaria devexa (Kunze ex Mett.) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

CR
& Kholia Copel. FC(A) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Tectaria paradoxa (Fée) Sledge LC
Tectaria polymorpha (Wall. ex Hook.) Copel. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Tectaria subtriphylla (Hook. & Arn.) Copel. EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Tectaria thwaitesii (Bedd.) Ching VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Tectaria trimenii (Bedd.) C.Chr. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Tectaria zeilanica (Houtt.) Sledge LC
Family: Oleandraceae Ching ex Pic.Serm.
Oleandra musifolia (Blume) C.Presl VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Family: Davalliaceae M.R.Schomb.
Davallia denticulata (Burm.f.) Mett. ex Kuhn VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Davallodes hymenophylloides
Davallia hymenophylloides (Blume) Kuhn EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)
(Blume) M.Kato & TsutsumiCIP(3)
Davallia repens (L.f.) Kuhn LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Davallia solida (G.Forst.) Sw. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Katoella squamata (Decne.) Fraser-

Davallia squamata (Decne.) Mazumdar &
Jenk., Kandel & Pariyar CIP(3); CR(PE)
P.Vijaykanth
Davallia pulchra auct. non D.Don
FC(A)
Davallia trichomanoides Blume CR(PE)
Family: Polypodiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl
Drynaria spasisora auct. non

Drynaria quercifolia (L.) J.Sm. S: Benduru LC
(Desv.) T.Moore FC(B)
184
Microsorum membranaceum NT
Bosmania membranacea (D.Don.) Testo
(D.Don) Ching FC(B)
Lepisorus amaurolepidus (Sledge)
Lepisorus contortus (Christ) Ching LC
Bir &TrikhaFC(B)
Lepisorus mucronatus (Fée) Li Wang Belvisia mucronata (Fée) Copel FC(B) DD
Lepisorus nudus (Hook.) Ching LC
Belvisia spicata (L.f) Mirbel ex

Lepisorus spicatus (L.f.) Li Wang NT
Copel. FC(B)
Leptochilus decurrens Blume subsp. decurrens LC
Leptochilus ellipticus (Thunb.) Noot. DD
Microsorum insigne (Blume) Copel. B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Leptochilus insignis (Blume) Fraser-Jenk. CR
FC(B)
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Leptochilus lanceolatus Fée CR(PE)
Leptochilus metallicus (Bedd.) C.Chr. DD
Leptochilus minor Fée CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Leptochilus macrophyllus var.

Leptochilus pedunculatus (Hook. & Grev.)
pedunculatus (Hook. & Grev.) Noot. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Fraser-Jenk. FC(B)
Leptochilus pteropus (Blume) Fraser-Jenk subsp. Microsorum pteropus (Blume)

CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
minor (Bedd.) Fraser-Jenk. Copel. FC(B)
Leptochilus thwaitesianus Fée EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)
Leptochilus wallii (Baker) C.Chr CR(PE)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Loxogramme cuspidata (Zenker) M.G.Price EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Loxogramme parallela Copel. CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Microgramma mauritiana (Willd.) Tardieu CR(PE)
Phymatosorus membranifolius
LC
Microsorum membranifolium (R.Br.) Ching (R.Br.) S.G.Lu CIP(3)
Microsorum punctatum (L.) Copel. NT
Phymatosorus scolopendria
Microsorum scolopendria (Burm.f) Copel. LC
(Burm.f.) Pic.Serm.CIP(3)
Pleopeltis lanceolata Kaulf. FC(B) EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)

Pleopeltis macrocarpa (Bory ex Willd.) Kaulf.
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Pyrrosia ceylanica (Giesenh.) Sledge CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Pyrrosia gardneri (Mett.) Sledge LC
S: Panam pethi,
Pyrrosia heterophylla (L.) M.G.Price LC
Kasi pethi
Pyrrosia lanceolata (L.) Farw. LC
185
Pyrrosia pannosa (Mett. ex Kuhn) Ching NT
Pyrrosia porosa (C.Presl) Hovenkamp NT
Selliguea montana (Sledge) Hovenkamp LC
Sub family: Grammitidoideae Parris & Sundue
Calymmodon glabrescens Copel. NT
Chrysogrammitis glandulosa (J.Sm.) Parris CR(PE)
Ctenopteris blechnoides (Grev.)

Ctenopterella blechnoides (Grev.) Parris VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
W.H.Wagner & Grether FC(A)
Xiphopteris cornigera (Baker) B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ctenopterella cornigera (Baker) Parris CR
Copel. FC(A) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
Ctenopteris thwaitesii (Beddome)
Ctenopterella thwaitesii (Beddome) Parris VU B1ab(i,ii,iii))
Sledge FC(A)
Dasygrammitis mollicoma (Nees & Blume) Ctenopteris mollicoma (Nees & B1ab(i,ii,iii)
CR
Parris Blume) Kunze FC(A) +2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Oreogrammitis attenuata (Kunze) Parris Grammitis attenuata Kunze FC(A) EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Grammitis beddomeana (Alderw.)
Oreogrammitis beddomeana (Alderw.) T.C.Hsu CR(PE)
Ching FC(A)
Grammitis medialis (Baker) Ching
Oreogrammitis medialis (Baker) Parris FC(A) VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Oreogrammitis reinwardtii (Blume) Parris Grammitis reinwardtii Blume FC(A) EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Oreogrammitis sledgei (Parris) Parris Grammitis sledgei Parris FC(A) VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Oreogrammitis wallii (Bedd.) Parris Grammitis wallii (Bedd.) Copel.FC(A) CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Oreogrammitis zeylanica (Fée ) Parris Grammitis zeylanica Fée FC(A) NT
Prosaptia alata (Blume) Christ LC
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Prosaptia ceylanica Parris CR
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Prosaptia contigua (G.Forst.) C.Presl LC
Prosaptia obliquata (Blume) Mett. LC
Scleroglossum pusillum (Blume) Alderw. CR B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Scleroglossum sulcatum (Kuhn) Alderw. CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)
B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Tomophyllum epaleatum (Parris) Parris Ctenopteris epaleata Parris FC(A) EN
+2ab(i,ii,iii)
Tomophyllum perplexum (Parris) Parris Ctenopteris perplexa Parris FC(A) VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
Ctenopteris repandula (Mett.)

Tomophyllum repandulum (Mett.) Parris VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)
C.Chr. & Tardieu FC(A)
Note: FC(A)- Revised hand book to the flora of Ceylon-volume 15(A); FC(B)-Revised hand book to the flora of Ceylon-volume 15(B); ClP(1)-Check list
of Indian Ptridophytes part 1; ClP(2)-Check list of Indian Ptridophytes part 2; ClP(3)-Check list of Indian Ptridophytes part 3.
186
Lindsaea pectinata Blume
Lindsaeaceae
Origin: Native
NCS: CR
Confined to the Sinharaja world heritage site. It is one
of the most attractive Lindsaea species due to its long
creeping rhizome with nicely arranged pinnules. Lamina is
long and highly variable in shape.
Photographed by- R.H.G. Ranil
Teratophyllum aculeatum (Blume) Mett. Ex Kuhn

Dryopteridaceae
Origin: Native
NCS: CR
Confined to the Sinharaja world heritage site and restricted
to moist and shaded stream banks. The rhizome is very
slender and creeping on tree trunks. It is a dimorphic
ferns.
Alsophila sinuata (Hook. &Grev.) R.M.Tryon

Cyatheaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS : EN
Unique among tree ferns due to its simple leaves. It
is confined to moist places in the southern lowland
rainforests of Sri Lanka.
Selaginella catostachya (Hook. & Grev.) Alston.

Selaginellaceae
Origin: Endemic
NCS: NT
Leaves are dimorphic and arranged in four rows on the
main stem. Among the other Selaginella species this is the
most common species and shows wide distribution across
the wet zone.
187
References
Fraser-Jenkins, C.R., Gandhi, K.N., Kholia, B.S. and D.S.A. (2020). The Updated Checklist of Pteridophyte
Benniamin, A. (2016). An Annotated Checklist of Flora of Sri Lanka, (Submitted to the American Fern
Indian Pteridophytes (Part-1). Lycopodiaceae to Journal).
Thelypteridaceae. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal
Singh, Dehra Dun, India. Ranil, R.H.G., Fraser-Jenkins, C.R., Pushpakumara,
D.K.N.G., Wijsundara, D.S.A., Parris, B.S.(2016). The
Fraser-Jenkins, C.R., Gandhi, K.N. and Kholia, B.S. (2018). endemic Pteridophyte flora of Sri Lanka: taxonomy,
An Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes geographical distribution and conservation status.
(Part-2). Woodsiaceae to Dryopteridaceae. Bishen Indian Fern Journal 33: 1-136
Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, India.
Ranil, R.H.G., Parris, B.S., Sundue, M.A., Chamara,
Fraser-Jenkins, C.R., Gandhi, K.N. and Kholia, B.S. (2020). R.M.S.R. and Pushpakumara, D.K.N.G. (2019). The
An Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes grammitid ferns of Sri Lanka: A situational analysis
(Part-3). Lomariopsidaceae to Salviniaceae. Bishen of the most threatened fern group in Sri Lanka.
Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, India. Proceeding of the 11th Flora Malesiana Symposium,
Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei. Pp. 102-104.
Fraser-Jenkins, C.R. (2008). Taxonomic Revision of Three
Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes with Ranil, R.H.G. and Pushpakumara, D.K.N.G. (2012).
a Revised Census-List. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Taxonomy and conservation status of pteridophyte
Singh, Dehra Dun, India. flora of Sri Lanka. In: The National Red List 2012
of Sri Lanka: Conservation Status of the Fauna
PPG I (2016), “A community-derived classification for and Flora. Weerakoon, D.K. & Wijesundara (eds.).
extant lycophytes and ferns”, Journal of Systematics
Ministry of Environment, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
and Evolution, 54 (6): 563–603.
Shaffer-Fehre.M. (2006). A Revised Handbook of the
Ranil, R.H.G., Fraser-Jenkins, C.R., Ebihara, A., Cheng- Flora of Ceylon.Vol. 15 (A & B). Science Publishers,
Wei Chen, ,Parris, B.S. and Hovenkamp, P. Sundue, Enfield, New Hampshire, USA.
M., Pushpakumara, D.K.N.G. and Wijesundara,
188
A Provisional List of Bryophytes in Sri Lanka
S.C.K. Rubasinghe and N.C.S. Ruklani
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
Liverworts, mosses and hornworts are commonly In addition, proper locality details are lacking from many
referred to as “Bryophytes”. However, they comprise of these collections. There is no comprehensive Flora for
three distinct Phyla within the Kingdom Plantae: Phylum Sri Lankan bryophytes. Although Sri Lanka harbours a rich
Marchantiophyta (liverworts), Phylum Bryophyta (mosses) bryophyte flora, they remained a poorly researched group
and Phylum Anthocerotophyta (hornworts). According to of plants until proper systematic studies were initiated
the available checklists, Sri Lanka harbours 327 species recently. This is the first instance that bryophytes of Sri
of liverworts (Long and Rubasinghe, 2014), 560 species Lanka are included in the National Redlist which is a major
of mosses (O’Shea, 2002) and 05 species of hornworts step forward in bryological research in Sri Lanka. Here
(Rubasinghe and Long, 2014). However, the checklists to- we present the lists of liverworts, mosses and hornworts
date are mainly based on collections and publications made based on the recent checklists: liverworts and hornworts
during the British Colonial Period in the early 19th Century (Long and Rubasinghe, 2014) and mosses (O’Shea, 2002).
(details in Rubasinghe and Long, 2014). Much of this old Additions are made to the existing checklists based on
literature is in multiplicity of publications and most of the publications made afterwards. Accordingly, 345 species
existing collections are scattered in herbaria on several of liverworts, 07 species of hornworts and 574 species of
continents not easily accessible to Sri Lankan botanists. mosses are listed.
Liverworts (Phylum Marchantiophyta)

Acrobolbaceae Calypogeiaceae
Marsupidium knightii Mitt. Calypogeia apiculata (Steph.) Steph.
Calypogeia arguta Nees & Mont.
Adelanthaceae Calypogeia ceylanca S.Hatt. & Mizut.
Cuspidatula flexicaulis (Nees) Váňa & L.Söderstr. Calypogeia fissa (L.) Raddi
Denotarisia linguifolia (De Not.) Grolle Calypogeia fragilis (Steph.) Inoue & H.A.Miller
Syzygiella securifolia (Nees ex Lindenb.) Inoue Metacalypogeia alternifolia (Nees) Grolle
Syzygiella subintegerrima (Nees) Spruce Mnioloma fuscum (Lehm.) R.M.Schust.
Anastrophyllaceae Cephaloziaceae
Anastrophyllum imbricatum (Wilson ex Gottsche, Lindenb. Nowellia curvifolia (Dicks.) Mitt.
& Nees) Steph.
Anastrophyllum piligerum (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Steph. Cephaloziellaceae
Plicanthus birmensis (Steph.) R.M.Schust. Cylindrocolea kiaeri (Austin) Váňa
Plicanthus hirtellus (F.Weber) R.M.Schust. Gottschelia schizopleura (Spruce) Grolle
Schizophyllopsis bidens (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Váňa & L.
Söderstr. Cyathodiaceae
Cyathodium cavernarum Kunze
Aneuraceae Cyathodium smaragdinum Schiffn. ex Keissl.
Aneura pinguis (L.) Dumort.
Riccardia canaliculata (Nees) Schiffn. Dumortieraceae
Riccardia multifida (L.) Gray Dumortiera hirsuta (Sw.) Nees. sens. lat.
Aytoniaceae Exormothecaceae
Plagiochasma rupestre (G.Forst.) Steph. Exormotheca ceylonensis Meijer
Reboulia hemisphaerica (L.) Raddi
Frullaniaceae
Blasiaceae Frullania acutiloba Mitt.
Blasia pusilla L. Frullania alstonii Verd.
Frullania apiculata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Dumort.
189
Frullania apiculata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Dumort. var. Caudalejeunea reniloba (Gottsche) Steph.
goebelii Schiffn. Ceratolejeunea cornuta (Lindenb.) Steph.
Frullania arecae (Spreng.) Gott. Cheilolejeunea ceylanica (Gottsche) R.M.Schust. &
Frullania brotheri Steph. Kachroo
Frullania campanulata Sande Lac. Cheilolejeunea decurrens (Sande Lac.) X.-L.He
Frullania capilliformis Steph. Cheilolejeunea decursiva (Sande Lac.) R.M.Schust.
Frullania claviloba Steph. Cheilolejeunea gardneri (Mitt.) Mizut.
Frullania ericoides (Nees) Mont. Cheilolejeunea imbricata (Nees) S.Hatt.
Frullania gaudichaudii (Nees & Mont.) Nees & Mont. var. Cheilolejeunea intertexta (Lindenb.) Steph.
ceylanica (Nees) S.Hatt. Cheilolejeunea krakakammae (Lindenb.) R.M.Schust.
Frullania gracilis (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Dumort. Cheilolejeunea lindenbergii (Gottsche) Mizut.
Frullania grandistipula Lindenb. Cheilolejeunea longiloba (Steph. ex G.Hoffm.) J.J.Engel &
Frullania hottana S.Hatt. B.C.Tan
Frullania hypoleuca Nees Cheilolejeunea nietneri (Steph.) Mizut.
Frullania intermedia (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Dumort. Cheilolejeunea serpentina (Mitt.) Mizut.
Frullania meyeniana Lindenb. Cheilolejeunea streimannii Pócs & Ninh
Frullania microauriculata Verd. Cheilolejeunea subopaca (Mitt.) Mizut.
Frullania microauriculata Verd. var. rotundior Verd. Cheilolejeunea trapezia (Nees) Mizut.
Frullania moniliata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mont. Cheilolejeunea trifaria (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mizut.
Frullania moniliata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mont. subsp. Cheilolejeunea vittata (Steph. ex G.Hoffm.) R.M.Schust. &
breviramea (Steph.) Verd. Kachroo
Frullania moniliata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mont. subsp. Cololejeunea amoena Benedix
obscura Verd. Cololejeunea appressa (A.Evans) Benedix
Frullania monocera (Taylor) Taylor Cololejeunea ceratilobula (P.C.Chen) R.M.Schust.
Frullania monocera (Taylor) Taylor var. schiffneri (Verd.) Cololejeunea ceylanica Onr.
S.Hatt. Cololejeunea cordiflora Steph.
Frullania neurota Taylor Cololejeunea desciscens Steph.
Frullania nodulosa (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Nees Cololejeunea falcata (Horik.) Benedix
Frullania orientalis Sande Lac. Cololejeunea fissilobula Herz.
Frullania polyptera Taylor Cololejeunea floccosa (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Steph.
Frullania polyptera Taylor var. angustata (Mitt.) S.Hatt. Cololejeunea floccosa (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Steph. var.
Frullania ramuligera (Nees) Mont. aurita Benedix
Frullania riojaneirensis (Raddi) Spruce Cololejeunea floccosa (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Steph. var.
Frullania serrata Gottsche trivitata Tixier
Frullania serrata Gottsche forma crispulodentata Verd. Cololejeunea fredericii Onr.
Frullania ternatensis Gottsche Cololejeunea gottschei (Steph.) Mizut.
Frullania trichodes Mitt. Cololejeunea gynophthalma Benedix
Cololejeunea haskarliana (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Steph.
Herbertaceae Cololejeunea hinidumae Onr.
Herbertus ceylanicus (Steph.) H.A.Miller Cololejeunea inflata Steph.
Herbertus dicranus (Taylor ex Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees) Cololejeunea inflectens (Mitt.) Benedix
Trevis. Cololejeunea lanciloba Steph.
Herbertus ramosus (Steph.) H.A.Mill. Cololejeunea leonidens Benedix var. saccata Benedix
Cololejeunea longifolia (Mitt.) Benedix ex Mizut.
Jackiellaceae Cololejeunea metzgeriopsis (K.I.Goebel) Gradst., R.Wilson,
Jackiella ceylanica Schiffn. ex Steph. Ilkiu-Borges & J.Heinrichs
Jackiella javanica Schiffn. Cololejeunea minutissima (Sm.) Schiffn.
Cololejeunea obliqua (Nees & Mont.) Schiffn.
Jubulaceae Cololejeunea peraffinis (Schiffn.) Schiffn.
Jubula hutchinsiae (Hook.) Dumort. subsp. javanica Cololejeunea perakensis Tixier
(Steph.) Verdoorn Cololejeunea planissima (Mitt.) Abeyw.
Cololejeunea pluripunctata Benedix
Lejeuneaceae Cololejeunea pretiosa Benedix
Acanthocoleus gilvus (Gottsche) Kruijt Cololejeunea pseudofloccosa (Horik.) Benedix
Acrolejeunea emergens (Mitt.) Steph. Cololejeunea schmidtii Steph.
Acrolejeunea planiuscula (Mitt.) Steph. Cololejeunea serrata (Steph.) Benedix
Acrolejeunea pycnoclada (Taylor) Schiffn. Cololejeunea taprobanea Tixier
Caudalejeunea cristiloba (Steph.) Gradst. Cololejeunea tenella Benedix
190
Cololejeunea triapiculata (Herzog) Tixier Leptolejeunea massartiana Schiffn. ex Herzog
Cololejeunea trichomanis (Gottsche) Steph. subsp. Leptolejeunea rhombifolia Steph.
cordiflora (Steph.) Pócs Leptolejeunea vitrea (Nees) Schiffn.
Cololejeiunea vesicaria (Sande Lac.) Benedix Leucolejeunea xanthocarpa (Lehm. & Lindenb.) A.Evans
Cololejeunea vidaliana Tixier Lopholejeunea applanata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Schiffn.
Colura acroloba (Mont. ex Steph.) Ast Lopholejeunea nigricans (Lindenb.) Steph.
Colura ari (Steph.) Steph. Lopholejeunea ceylanica Steph.
Colura brevistyla Herzog Lopholejeunea eulopha (Taylor) Schiffn.
Colura calyptrifolia (Hook.) Dumort. Lopholejeunea javanica (Nees) Schiffn.
Colura conica (Sande Lac) K.I.Goebel Lopholejeunea subfusca (Nees) Schiffn.
Colura corynephora (Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees) Trevis. Lopholejeunea zollingeri (Steph.) Schiffn.
Colura greig-smithii Ast Mastigolejeunea auriculata (Wilson) Schiffn.
Colura javanica Steph. Mastigolejeunea humilis (Gottsche) Schiffn.
Colura meijeri Ast Mastigolejeunea humilis (Gottsche) Schiffn. var. ciliata
Colura ornata K.I.Goebel Awasthi & Udar
Colura tenuicornis (A.Evans) Steph. Mastigolejeunea repleta (Taylor) A.Evans
Colura verdoornii Herzog & Ast Mastigolejeunea virens (Ångstr.) Steph.
Diplasiolejeunea cavifolia Steph. Metalejeunea cucullata (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Grolle
Diplasiolejeunea onraedtii Grolle Microlejeunea punctiformis (Taylor) Spruce
Diplasiolejeunea rudolphiana Steph. Ptychanthus striatus (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Nees
Drepanolejeunea angustifolia (Mitt.) Grolle Pycnolejeunea grandiocellata Steph.
Drepanolejeunea fissicornua Steph. Schiffneriolejeunea polycarpa (Nees) Gradst.
Drepanolejeunea fleischeri (Steph.) Grolle & R.L.Zhu Schiffneriolejeunea pulopenangensis (Gottsche) Gradst.
Drepanolejeunea macrodonta (Mitt.) Steph. Schiffneriolejeunea tumida (Nees) Gradst.
Drepanolejeunea pentadactyla (Mont.) Steph. Schiffneriolejeunea tumida (Nees) Gradst. var.
Drepanolejeunea tenera K.I.Goebel hasskarliana (Gottsche) Gradst. & Terken
Drepanolejeunea ternatensis (Gottsche) Schiffn. Spruceanthus marianus (Gottsche) Mizut.
Drepanolejeunea teysmannii Steph. Spruceanthus semirepandus (Nees) Verd.
Drepanolejeunea thwaitesiana (Mitt.) Steph. Taxilejeunea compressiuscula Lindenb. ex Steph.
Drepanolejeunea thwaitesiana (Mitt.) Steph. var. zhengii Thysananthus convolutus Lindenb.
R.L.Zhu Thysananthus spathulistipus (Reinw., Blume & Nees)
Drepanolejeunea tricornua Herzog Lindenb.
Drepanolejeunea vesiculosa (Mitt.) Steph. Trocholejeunea infuscata (Mitt.) Verd.
Harpalejeunea filicuspis (Steph.) Mizut. Trocholejenea sandvicensis (Gottsche) Mizut.
Lejeunea anisophylla Mont. Xenolejeunea longiloba (Steph. ex G.Hoffm.) Kachroo &
Lejeunea apiculata Sande Lac R.M.Schust.
Lejeunea cocoes Mitt.
Lejeunea dipterota Eifrig Lepicoleaceae
Lejeunea discreta Lindenb. Lepicolea yakusimensis (S.Hatt.) S.Hatt.
Lejeunea flava (Sw.) Nees
Lejeunea flavida Mitt. Lepidoziaceae
Lejeunea herzogii Mizut. Bazzania callida (Steph.) Abeyw.
Lejeunea lowriana Steph. Bazzania ceylanica (Mitt.) W.E.Nicholson
Lejeunea micholitzii Mizut. Bazzania erosa (Nees) Trevis.
Lejeunea neelgherriana Gottsche Bazzania fleischeri (Steph.) Abeyw.
Lejeunea nietneri (Steph.) Steph Bazzania gaudichaudii (Gottsche ex Steph.) Schiffn.
Lejeunea obfusca Mitt. Bazzania japonica (Sande Lac.) Lindb.
Lejeunea obscura Mitt. Bazzania obtusa D.G.Long & Rubasinghe
Lejeunea papilionacea Steph. Bazzania oshimensis (Steph.) Horik.
Lejeunea riparia Mitt. Bazzania ovistipula (Steph.) Abeyw.
Lejeunea subacuta Mitt. Bazzania pearsonii Steph.
Lejeunea tuberculosa Steph. Bazzania praerupta (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Trevis.
Lejeunea utriculata (Steph.) Mizut. Bazzania rabenhorstii (Steph.) Abeyw.
Lejeunea wightii Lindenb. Bazzania spiralis (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Meijer
Lepidolejeunea bidentula (J.B.Jack & Steph.) R.M.Schust. Bazzania tridens (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Trevis.
Leptolejeunea elliptica (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Schiffn. Bazzania vittata (Gottsche) Trevis.
Leptolejeunea epiphylla (Mitt.) Steph. Hygrolembidium boschianum (Sande Lac.) R.M.Schust.
Leptolejeunea maculata (Mitt.) Schiffn. Lepidozia plumula Herz.
191
Lepidozia subintegra Lindenb. Pallaviciniaceae
Neolepidozia wallichiana (Gottsche) Fulford & J.Taylor Jensenia decipiens (Mitt.) Grolle
Telaranea major (Herz.) J.J.Engel & G.L.Merr. Pallavicinia indica Schiffn.
Tricholepidozia neesii (Lindenb.) E.D.Cooper Pallavicinia lyellii (Hook.) Gray
Tricholepidozia semperiana (Steph.) E.D.Cooper
Plagiochilaceae
Lophocoleaceae Plagiochila arbuscula (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Lindenb
Cryptolophocolea ciliolata (Nees) L.Söderstr., Crand.-Stotl., Plagiochila bantamensis (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mont.
Stotler & Váňa Plagiochila ceylanica Mitt.
Cryptolophocolea fleischeri (Steph.) L.Söderstr. Plagiochila devexa Steph.
Heteroscyphus argutus (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Schiffn. Plagiochila exigua (Taylor) Taylor
Heteroscyphus fleischeri (Steph.) D.G.Long & Rubasinghe Plagiochila flexuosa Mitt.
Heteroscyphus perfoliatus (Mont.) Schiffn. Plagiochila frondescens (Nees) Lindenb.
Heteroscyphus planus (Mitt.) Schiffn. Plagiochila ghatiensis Steph.
Heteroscyphus tener (Steph.) Schiffn. Plagiochila gracilis Lindenb. & Gottsche
Heteroscyphus tridentatus (Sande Lac.) Grolle Plagiochila gymnoclada Sande Lac.
Lophocolea bidentata (L.) Dumort. sens.lat. Plagiochila integrilobula Inoue
Lophocolea javanica Schiffn. Plagiochila khasiana Mitt.
Lophocolea kurzii Sande Lac. Plagiochila kurzii Steph.
Lophocolea muricata (Lehm.) Nees Plagiochila microdonta Mitt.
Plagiochila parvifolia Lindenb.
Lophoziaceae s.str. Plagiochila peradenyensis Schiffn.
Andrewsianthus puniceus (Nees) R.M.Schust. ex Grolle Plagiochila renitens (Nees) Lindenb.
Plagiochila sciophila Nees ex Lindenb.
Lunulariaceae Plagiochila sisparensis Steph.
Lunularia cruciata (L.) Dumort. Plagiochilion braunianum (Nees) S.Hatt.
Plagiochilion oppositum (Reinw., Blume & Nees) S.Hatt.
Marchantiaceae
Marchantia acaulis Steph. Pleuroziaceae
Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees subsp. Pleurozia acinosa (Mitt.) Steph.
emarginata Pleurozia gigantea (F.Weber) Lindb.
Marchantia paleacea Bertol. Pleurozia subinflata (Austin) Austin
Marchantia papillata Raddi subsp. grossibarba (Steph.)
Bischl. Porellaceae
Marchantia pappeana Lehm. subsp. robusta (Steph.) Porella acutifolia (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Trevis.
Bischl. Porella caespitans Steph. subsp. latior (S.Hatt.) S.Hatt.
Marchantia polymorpha L. Porella caespitans (Steph.) S.Hatt. subsp. latior (S.Hatt.)
S.Hatt. var. intermedia (S.Hatt.) S.Hatt.
Mastigophoraceae Porella japonica (Sande Lac.) Mitt.
Mastigophora aequifolia Steph. Porella madgascariensis (Nees & Mont.) Trevis.
Mastigophora diclados (Brid. ex F.Weber) Nees Porella perottetiana (Mont.) Trevis.
Mesoptychiaceae Radulaceae
Liochlaena subulata (A. Evans) Schljakov Radula acuminata Steph.
Radula amentulosa Mitt.
Metzgeriaceae Radula assamica Steph.
Metzgeria ciliata Raddi Radula ceylanica K.Yamada
Metzgeria conjugata Lindb. Radula cordata Mitt.
Metzgeria consanguinea Schiffn. Radula formosa (Meissn.) Nees
Metzgeria crassipilis (Lindb.) A.Evans Radula javanica Gottsche
Metzgeria foliicola Schiffn. Radula kurzii Steph.
Metzgeria latifrons Steph. Radula madagascariensis Gottsche
Metzgeria lechleri Steph. Radula nymanii Steph.
Metzgeria leptoneura Spruce Radula obscura Mitt.
Radula onraedtii K.Yamada
Notoscyphaceae Radula retroflexa Taylor
Notoscyphus lutescens (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Mitt. Radula sandei Steph.
Radula subpallens Steph.
Radula tabularis Steph.
192
Radula tjibodensis K.I.Goebel Bartramiaceae Schwägr.
Radula ventricosa Steph. Anacolia menziesii (Turner) Paris
Radula yangii K.Yamada Bartramia brevifolia Brid.
Bartramia leptodonta Wils.
Ricciaceae Bartramia subpellucida Mitt.
Riccia attenuata Pandé Breutelia dicranacea (Müll.Hal.) Mitt.
Riccia billardieri Mont. & Nees Fleischerobryum longicolle (Hampe) Loeske
Riccia crispatula Mitt. Philonotis angusta Mitt.
Riccia discolor Lehm. & Lindenb. Philonotis hastata (Duby) Wijk & Margad.
Riccia huebeneriana Lindenb. Philonotis lancifolia Mitt.
Riccia sorocarpa Bisch. Philonotis mollis (Dozy & Molk.) Mitt.
Philonotis roylei (Hook.f.) Mitt.
Scapaniaceae Philonotis secunda var. penzigii M.Fleisch.
Diplophyllum nanum Herzog Philonotis thwaitesii Mitt.
Scapania lepida Mitt. Philonotis turneriana (Schwägr.) Mitt.
Schistochilaceae Brachytheciaceae G. Roth.

Schistochila aligera (Nees & Blume) J.B.Jack & Steph. Brachythecium buchananii (Hook.) A.Jaeger
Schistochila sciurea (Nees) Schiffn. Brachythecium plumosum (Hedw.) Bruch, Schimp. &
W.Guembel
Solenostomataceae Brachythecium procumbens (Mitt.) A.Jaeger
Solenostoma appressifolium (Mitt.) Váňa & D.G.Long Eurhynchium asperisetum (Müll.Hal) E.B.Bartram
Solenostoma ariadne (Taylor ex Lehm.) R.M.Schust ex Eurhynchium hians (Hedw.) Sande Lac.
Váňa & D.G.Long Eurhynchium vagans (A.Jaeger) E.B.Bartram
Solenostoma borneense (Amakawa) Váňa, Hentschel & J. Isothecium ceylonense M.Fleisch.
Heinrichs Isothecium rigidissimum (Müll.Hal.) M.Fleisch.
Solenostoma hasskarlianum (Nees) R.M.Schust. ex Váňa & Palamocladium leskeoides (Hook.) E.Britton
D.G.Long Platyhypnidium muelleri (A.Jaeger) M.Fleisch.
Solenostoma javanicum (Schiffn.) Steph. Platyhypnidium riparioides (Hedw.) M.Fleisch.
Solenostoma polyrhizoides (Grolle ex Amakawa) Váňa & Pseudoscleropodium purum (Hedw.) M.Fleisch.
D.G.Long Rhynchostegiella fabroniadelphus (Müll.Hal.) Broth.
Solenostoma strictum (Schiffn.) Váňa, Hentschel & Rhynchostegiella humillima (Mitt.) Broth.
J.Heinrichs Rhynchostegiella ramicola (Broth.) Broth.
Solenostoma tetragonum (Lindenb.) R.M.Schust. ex Váňa Rhynchostegium herbaceum (Mitt.) A.Jaeger
& D.G.Long Rhynchostegium hookeri A.Jaeger
Solenostoma truncatum (Nees) R.M.Schust. ex Váňa & Rhynchostegium javanicum (Bél.) Besch.
D.G.Long
Bruchiaceae Schimp.
Southbyaceae Trematodon brevisetus Dixon
Southbya organensis Herzog Trematodon longicollis Michx.
Targioniaceae Bryaceae Schwägr.

Targionia hypophylla L. Anomobryum auratum (Mitt.) A.Jaeger
Anomobryum cymbifolium (Lindb.) Broth.
Trichocoleaceae Anomobryum julaceum var. concinnatum (Spruce)
Trichocolea pluma (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Mont. J.E.Zetterst.
Anomobryum julaceum var. julaceum (Brid.) Schimp.
Anomobryum lanatum (P. Beauv.) J.R. Spence & H.P.
Mosses (Phylum Bryophyta) Ramsay
Anomobryum nitidum (Mitt.) A.Jaeger
Anomodontaceae Kindb. Anomobryum subcymbifolium (M.Fleisch.) M.Fleisch.
Anomodon pseudotristis (Müll.Hal.) Kindb. Brachymenium acuminatum Harv. in Hook.
Herpetineuron toccoae (Sull. & Lesq.) Cardot Brachymenium exile (Dozy & Molk.) Bosch & Sande Lac.
Brachymenium glaucum A.Jaeger
Archidiaceae Schimp. Brachymenium longicolle Thér.
Archidium birmannicum Mitt. ex Dixon Brachymenium nepalense Hook. in Schwägr.
Archidium indicum Hampe & Müll.Hal. Brachymenium nietneri (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger
Archidium ohioense Schimp. ex Müll.Hal. Brachymenium systylium (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger
193
Brachymenium walkeri Broth. Syrrhopodon tjibodensis M.Fleisch.
Bryum apiculatum Schwägr. Syrrhopodon trachyphyllus Mont.
Bryum argenteum Hedw. Syrrhopodon tristichus Nees ex Schwägr.
Bryum argenteum var. lanatum (P.Beauv.) Hampe
Bryum billardierei Schwägr. Cryphaeaceae Schimp.
Bryum capillare Hedw. Schoenobryum concavifolium (Griff.) Manuel
Bryum cognatum Mitt.
Bryum coronatum Schwägr. Daltoniaceae Schimp.
Bryum dichotomum Hedw. Actinodontium adscendens Schwägr.
Bryum euryphyllum Dixon & P.de la Varde Actinodontium rhaphidostegum (Müll.Hal.) Bosch & Sande
Bryum gedeanum Bosch. & Sande Lac. Lac.
Bryum paradoxum Schwägr. Calyptrochaeta lucida (Thwaites & Mitt.) O’Shea
Bryum subapiculatum Hampe Daltonia angustifolia var. angustifolia Doz. & Molk.
Bryum thomsonii Mitt. Daltonia angustifolia var. strictifolia (Mitt.) M.Fleisch.
Bryum wightii Mitt. Daltonia contorta Müll.Hal.
Rhodobryum giganteum (Schwägr.) Paris Daltonia flexifolia Mitt.
Rhodobryum roseum (Hedw.) Limpr Daltonia reticulata Müll.Hal.
Buxbaumiaceae Schwägr. Dicranaceae Schimp.

Diphyscium fasciculatum Mitt. Braunfelsia edentula (Mitt.) Wijk & Margad.
Diphyscium involutum Mitt. Bryohumbertia subcomosa (Dixon) J.-P.Frahm
Diphyscium longifolium Griff. Campylopus comosus (Reinw. & Hornsch.) Bosch & Sande
Lac.
Calymperaceae Kindb. Campylopus ericoides (Griff.) A.Jaeger
Arthrocormus schimperi (Dozy & Molk.) Dozy & Molk. Campylopus flagelliferus (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger
Calymperes afzelii Sw. Campylopus flexuosus var. flexuosus (Hedw.) Brid.
Calymperes boulayi Besch. Campylopus gracilis (Mitt.) A.Jaeger
Calymperes erosum Müll.Hal. Campylopus involutus (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger
Calymperes fasciculatum Dozy & Molk. Campylopus pilifer Brid.
Calymperes graeffeanum Müll.Hal. Campylopus recurvus (Mitt.) A.Jaeger
Calymperes lonchophyllum ssp. lonchophyllum Schwägr. Campylopus savannarum (Müll.Hal.) Mitt.
Calymperes moluccense Schwägr. Campylopus schmidii (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger
Calymperes motleyi Mitt. ex Dozy & Molk. Campylopus sedgwickii Dixon
Calymperes palisotii Schwägr. Campylopus subulifolius Thwaites & Mitt.
Calymperes porrectum Mitt. Campylopus thwaitesii (Mitt.) A.Jaeger
Calymperes serratum A.Braun ex Müll.Hal. Campylopus umbellatus (Arn.) Paris
Calymperes subintegrum Broth. Campylopus umbellatus var. pterotoneuron (Müll.Hal.) J.-P.
Calymperes tenerum Müll.Hal. Frahm
Exodictyon radula (Thwaites & Mitt.) Cardot Campylopus zollingerianus (Müll.Hal.) Bosch & Sande Lac.
Leucophanes angustifolium Renauld & Cardot Dicranella coarctata (Müll.Hal.) Bosch & Sande Lac.
Leucophanes candidum (Schwägr.) Lindb. Dicranoloma assimile (Hampe) Paris
Leucophanes glaucum (Schwägr.) Mitt Dicranoloma blumei (Nees) Paris
Leucophanes octoblepharioides Brid. Dicranoloma braunii (Müll.Hal.) Paris
Mitthyridium fasciculatum ssp. cardotii (M.Fleisch.) Dicranoloma brevisetum (Dozy & Molk.) Paris
B.C.Tan & L.T.Ellis Dicranum decumbens Thwaites & Mitt.
Mitthyridium fasciculatum var. fasciculatum (Hook. & Dicranum scoparium Hedw.
Grev.) H.Rob. Dicranodontium denudatum (Brid.) E.Britton
Mitthyridium repens (Harv.) H.Rob. Dicranodontium nitidum (Dozy & Molk.) M.Fleisch.
Octoblepharum albidum Hedw. Dicranodontium uncinatum (Harv.) A.Jaeger
Syrrhopodon confertus Sande Lac. Holomitrium griffithianum Mitt.
Syrrhopodon croceus Mitt. Holomitrium javanicum Dozy & Molk.
Syrrhopodon disciformis Dusn Leptotrichella brasiliensis (Duby) Ochyra
Syrrhopodon gardneri (Hook.) Schwägr. Leptotrichella edentata (Thwaites & Mitt. in Mitt.) Ochyra
Syrrhopodon involutus Schwägr. Leptotrichella infuscata (Thwaites & Mitt. in Mitt.) Ochyra
Syrrhopodon muelleri (Dozy & Molk.) Sande Lac. Leptotrichella subangulata (Thwaites & Mitt.) Ochyra
Syrrhopodon prolifer var. albidus (Thwaites & Mitt.) Orban Leucoloma amoenevirens Mitt.
& W.D.Reese Leucoloma annamense Thér.
Syrrhopodon spiculosus Hook. & Grev. Leucoloma chlorophyllosum Cardot ex Tixier
194
Leucoloma herzogii Broth. Fissidens karwarensis Dixon
Leucoloma molle (Müll.Hal.) Mitt. Fissidens lateralis Broth.
Leucoloma nitens (Thwaites & Mitt.) A.Jaeger Fissidens macrosporoides Dixon & P.de la Varde
Leucoloma renauldii Broth. Fissidens macrosporus Dixon
Leucoloma taylorii (Schwägr.) Mitt. Fissidens minutus Thwaites & Mitt.
Leucoloma tenerum Mitt. Fissidens nanocarpus Müll.Hal.
Microcampylopus khasianus (Griff.) Giese & J.-P.Frahm Fissidens nobilis Griff.
Sphaerothecium reconditum Thwaites & Mitt Fissidens pellucidus var. pellucidus Hornsch
Fissidens plumula Thwaites & Mitt.
Ditrichaceae Limpr. Fissidens schmidii Müll.Hal.
Ceratodon purpureus ssp. stenocarpus (Müll.Hal.) Dixon Fissidens serratus Müll.Hal.
Ditrichum amoenum (Thwaites & Mitt.) Paris Fissidens socialis Müll.Hal.
Ditrichum difficile (Duby) M.Fleisch. Fissidens speluncae Broth.
Dicnemoloma mittenii (M.Fleisch.) Broth. Fissidens subobscurus Paris
Garckea flexuosa (Griff.) Margad. & Nork. Fissidens thwaitesii Paris
Wilsoniella decipiens (Mitt.) Alston Fissidens virens Thwaites & Mitt.
Fissidens walkeri Broth.
Entodontaceae Kindb. Fissidens zollingeri Mont.
Entodon flavescens (Hook.) A.Jaeger
Entodon macropodus (Hedw.) Müll.Hal. Funariaceae Schwägr.
Erythrodontium julaceum (Schwägr.) Paris Entosthodon wichurae M.Fleisch.
Mesonodon flavescens (Hook.) W.R.Buck Funaria beccarii (Hampe) Paris
Funaria buseana (Dozy & Molk.) Broth.
Erpodiaceae Broth. Funaria hygrometrica var. calvescens (Schwägr.) Kindb.
Erpodium abbreviatum (Mitt.) I.G.Stone Funaria hygrometrica var. hygrometrica Hedw.
Erpodium biseriatum (Austin) Austin Funaria perrottetii (Mont.) Broth.
Erpodium glaucum (Wilson) I.G.Stone Funaria planifolia (Thwaites & Mitt.) Broth.
Erpodium mangiferae Müll.Hal. Funaria submarginata (Müll.Hal.) Broth.
Funaria subplanifolia Broth.
Fabroniaceae Schimp. Physcomitrium eurystomum Sendtn.
Fabronia beccarii Hampe Physcomitrium japonicum (Hedw.) Mitt.
Fabronia goughii Mitt.
Fabronia nietneri Müll.Hal. Glyphomitriaceae M.Z. Wang
Fabronia patentissima Müll.Hal. Glyphomitrium calycinum (Mitt.) Cardot
Fabronia secunda Mont. Glyphothecium sciuroides (Hook.) Hampe
Fissidentaceae Schimp. Grimmiaceae Arn.

Fissidens angustiusculus Dixon & P.de la Varde Grimmia longirostris Hook.
Fissidens angustus Thwaites & Mitt. Grimmia ovalis (Hedw.) Lindb.
Fissidens anomalus Mont. Racomitrium canescens (Hedw.) Brid.
Fissidens antrophyi Müll.Hal. Racomitrium subsecundum (Hook. & Grev.) Mitt. & Wilson
Fissidens axilliflorus Thwaites & Mitt.
Fissidens beckettii Mitt. Hedwigiaceae Schimp.
Fissidens ceylonensis Dozy & Molk. Hedwigidium integrifolium (P.Beauv.) Dixon in
Fissidens ceylonensis var. simplex M.Fleisch. C.E.O.Jensen
Fissidens crassinervis Sande Lac.
Fissidens crispulus Brid. Hookeriaceae Schimp.
Fissidens curvatoxiphioides Dixon & P.de la Varde Distichophyllum ceylanicum (Mitt.) Paris
Fissidens curvatus Hornsch. Distichophyllum cuspidatum (Dozy & Molk.) Dozy & Molk.
Fissidens dentatolimbatus Dixon Distichophyllum mittenii Bosch & Sande Lac.
Fissidens discolor Wilson ex Mitt. Distichophyllum montagneanum (Müll.Hal.) Bosch &
Fissidens firmus Mitt. Sande Lac.
Fissidens flaccidus Mitt. Distichophyllum succulentum (Mitt.) Broth.
Fissidens fuscoviridis Thwaites & Mitt. Hookeria acutifolia Hook. & Grev.
Fissidens gardneri Mitt. Hookeriopsis purpurata (Mitt.) Broth.
Fissidens gedehensis M.Fleisch. Hookeriopsis thwaitesiana (Mitt.) Broth.
Fissidens incertus Thér. & P.de la Varde Lopidium limbatulum (Müll.Hal.) M.Fleisch.
Lopidium struthiopteris (Brid.) M.Fleisch.
195
Hylocomiaceae M.Fleisch. Pseudoleskeopsis zippelii (Dozy & Molk.) Broth.
Macrothamnium macrocarpum (Reinw. & Hornsch.) Schwetschkea applanata (Thwaites & Mitt.) Broth.
M.Fleisch. Leucobryaceae Schimp.
Macrothamnium pseudostriatum (Müll.Hal.) M.Fleisch. Leucobryum aduncum Dozy & Molk.
Leucobryum aduncum var. scalare (Müll.Hal. ex M.Fleisch.)
Hypnaceae Schimp. A.Eddy
Ctenidium ceylanicum Cardot ex M.Fleisch. Leucobryum bowringii Mitt.
Ctenidium lychnites (Mitt.) Broth. Leucobryum candidum (P.Beauv.) Wilson
Bryocrumia vivicolor (Broth. & Dixon) W.R.Buck Leucobryum chlorophyllosum Müll.Hal
Ectropothecium andrei Cardot & P.de la Varde Leucobryum humillimum Cardot
Ectropothecium buitenzorgii (Bél.) Mitt. Leucobryum javense (Brid.) Mitt.
Ectropothecium chamissonis (Hornsch.) A.Jaeger Leucobryum juniperoideum (Brid.) Müll.Hal.
Ectropothecium cyperoides (Hook.) A.Jaeger Leucobryum wightii Mitt.
Ectropothecium dealbatum (Reinw. & Hornsch.) A.Jaeger
Ectropothecium incubans (Reinw. & Hornsch.) A.Jaeger Leucodontaceae Schimp.
Ectropothecium laevigatum Thwaites & Mitt. Forsstroemia indica (Mont.) Paris
Ectropothecium leiophyllum (Mitt.) A.Jaeger
Ectropothecium stereodontoides (Dixon) Wijk & Margad. Leucomiaceae Broth.
Ectropothecium zollingeri (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger Leucomium strumosum (Hornsch.) Mitt.
Elmeriobryum philippinense Broth.
Hypnum cupressiforme var. cupressiforme Hedw. Meteoriaceae Kindb.
Hypnum lacunosum (Brid.) G.H.Hoffman ex Brid. Aerobryum speciosum Dozy & Molk.
Hypnum plumaeforme Wilson Aerobryum willisii M.Fleisch.
Isopterygium albescens (Hook.) A.Jaeger Pilotrichella phyllogonioides A.Jaeger
Isopterygium distichaceum (Mitt.) A.Jaeger Aerobryidium aureo-nitens (Schwägr.) Broth.
Isopterygium fallax M.Fleisch. Aerobryidium filamentosum (Hook.) M.Fleisch.
Isopterygium lignicola (Mitt.) A.Jaeger Aerobryopsis cochlearifolia Dixon
Isopterygium minutirameum (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger Aerobryopsis longissima (Dozy & Molk.) M.Fleisch.
Isopterygium minutirameum var. tonkinense Besch. Aerobryopsis membranacea (Mitt.) Broth.
Isopterygium pohliaecarpum (Sull. & Lesq.) A.Jaeger Barbella convolvens (Mitt.) Broth.
Isopterygium textorii (Sande Lac.) A.Jaeger Barbella flagellifera (Cardot) Nog.
Microctenidium leveilleanum (Dozy & Molk.) M.Fleisch. Barbella pendula (Sull.) M.Fleisch.
Taxiphyllum isopterygioides (Dixon) W.R.Buck Barbella rufifolia (Thwaites & Mitt.) Broth.
Taxiphyllum subretusum (Thwaites & Mitt.) O’Shea Barbella spiculata (Mitt.) Broth.
Taxiphyllum taxirameum (Mitt.) M.Fleisch. Barbella tenax (Müll.Hal.) Broth.
Vesicularia caloblasta Broth. & Dixon Barbellopsis trichophora (Mont.) W.R.Buck
Vesicularia dubyana (Müll.Hal.) Broth. Chrysocladium retrorsum (Mitt.) M.Fleisch.
Vesicularia succosa (Mitt.) Broth. Cryptopapillaria chrysoclada (Müll.Hal.) M.Menzel
Vesicularia vesicularis var. vesicularis (Schwägr.) Broth. Cryptopapillaria feae (M.Fleisch.) M.Menzel
Cryptopapillaria fuscescens (Hook.) M.Menzel
Hypnodendraceae Broth. Diaphanodon blandus (Harv.) Renauld & Cardot
Hypnodendron dendroides (Brid.) Touw Floribundaria floribunda (Dozy & Molk.) M.Fleisch.
Hypnodendron subspininervium ssp. arborescens (Mitt.) Floribundaria walkeri (Renauld & Cardot) Broth.
Touw Meteoriopsis reclinata (Müll.Hal.) M.Fleisch.
Meteoriopsis squarrosa (Hook.) M.Fleisch.
Hypopterygiaceae Mitt. Meteorium buchananii var. buchananii (Brid.) Broth.
Hypopterygium apiculatum Thwaites & Mitt. Meteorium buchananii var. helminthocladulum (Cardot)
Hypopterygium tamarisci (Sw. ex) Sw.) Brid. ex Müll.Hal. Nog.
Cyathophorella sublimbata (Thwaites & Mitt.) M.Fleisch. Meteorium polytrichum Dozy & Molk.
Papillaria crocea (Hampe) A.Jaeger
Lembophyllaceae Broth. Papillaria flexicaulis (Wilson) A.Jaeger
Neobarbella comes var. comes (Griff.) Nog. Papillaria semitorta (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger
Neobarbella comes var. pilifera (Broth. & M.Yasuda in Pseudobarbella attenuata (Thwaites & Mitt.) Nog.
Broth.) B.C.Tan, S.He & Isov. Trachycladiella aurea (Mitt.) Menzel
Trachycladiella sparsa (Mitt.) Menzel
Leptostomataceae Schwägr.
Leptostomum erectum R.Br. Mniaceae Schwägr.
Leskeaceae Schimp. Epipterygium tozeri (Grev.) Lindb
196
Orthomnion bryoides (Griff.) Nork. Macromitrium nigricans Mitt.
Orthomnion dilatatum (Mitt.) P.C.Chen Macromitrium orthostichum ssp. seminudum (Thwaites &
Plagiomnium integrum (Bosch & Sande Lac.) T.J.Kop. Mitt.) M.Fleisch.
Plagiomnium maximoviczii (Lindb.) T.J.Kop. Macromitrium pseudoramentosum Herzog
Plagiomnium rhynchophorum (Hook.) T.J.Kop. Macromitrium reinwardtii Schwägr.
Plagiomnium rostratum (Schrad.) T.J.Kop. Macromitrium schmidii Müll.Hal.
Plagiomnium succulentum (Mitt.) T.J.Kop. Macromitrium semipellucidum Dozy & Molk.
Pohlia flexuosa Hook. Macromitrium sulcatum ssp. ceylanicum (Mitt.) M.Fleisch.
Pohlia wahlenbergii (F.Weber & D.Mohr) A.L. Andrews Macromitrium sulcatum ssp. ramentosum (Thwaites &
Mitt.) M.Fleisch.
Myuriaceae M.Fleisch. Macromitrium sulcatum var. neelgheriense (Müll.Hal.)
Myurium rufescens (Reinw. & Hornsch.) M.Fleisch. Müll.Hal.
Macromitrium sulcatum var. sulcatum (Hook.) Brid.
Neckeraceae Schimp. Macromitrium sulcatum var. torulosum (Mitt.) Tixier
Dixonia thamnioides (Broth. & Dixon) Horik. & Ando Macromitrium zollingeri Mitt. ex Bosch & Sande Lac.
Himantocladium cyclophyllum (Müll.Hal.) M.Fleisch. Schlotheimia grevilleana Mitt.
Homaliodendron exiguum (Bosch & Sande Lac.) M.Fleisch. Zygodon humilis Thwaites & Mitt.
Homaliodendron flabellatum (Sm.) M.Fleisch. Zygodon intermedius Bruch, Schimp. & W.Guembel
Homaliodendron javanicum (Müll.Hal.) M.Fleisch. Zygodon reinwardtii (Hornsch.) A.Braun
Homaliodendron ligulaefolium (Mitt.) M.Fleisch. Zygodon tetragonostomus A.Braun
Homaliodendron paquei (Renauld & Cardot) Broth.
Neckera himalayana Mitt. Phyllodrepaniaceae Crosby.
Neckeropsis andamana (Müll.Hal.) M.Fleisch. Mniomalia semilimbata (Mitt.) Müll.Hal.
Neckeropsis calcutensis (M.Fleisch.) Enroth
Neckeropsis crinita (Griff.) M.Fleisch. Pilotrichaceae Kindb.
Neckeropsis lepineana (Mont.) M.Fleisch. Callicostella papillata var. papillata (Mont.) Mitt.
Pinnatella alopecuroides (Hook.) M.Fleisch. Callicostella papillata var. prabaktiana (Müll.Hal.) Streim.
Pinnatella anacamptolepis (Müll.Hal.) Broth. Cyclodictyon blumeanum (Müll.Hal.) Kuntze
Pinnatella calcutensis M.Fleisch. Lepidopilidium furcatum (Thwaites & Mitt.) Broth.
Pinnatella foreauana Thér. & P.delaVarde Thamniopsis secunda (Griff.) W.R.Buck
Pinnatella mucronata (Bosch & Sande Lac.) M.Fleisch. Thamniopsis utacamundiana (Mont.) W.R.Buck
Thamnobryum ceylonense (M.Fleisch.) Enroth
Thamnobryum subserratum (Hook.) Nog. & Z.Iwats. Plagiotheciaceae (Broth.) M.Fleisch.
Plagiothecium ceylonense Broth. ex Dixon
Orthodontiaceae Goffinet. Plagiothecium subglaucum Thwaites & Mitt.
Orthodontium infractum Dozy & Molk.
Polytrichaceae Schwägr.
Orthorrhynchiaceae S.H.Lin. Atrichum henryi (E.S.Salmon) E.B.Bartram
Orthorrhynchium elegans ssp. nietneri (Müll.Hal.) S.H.Lin Atrichum pallidum Renauld & Cardot
Pogonatum aloides (Hedw.) P.Beauv.
Orthotrichaceae Arn. Pogonatum cirratum ssp. cirratum (Sw.) Brid.
Bryomaltaea obtusifolia (Hook.) Goffinet Pogonatum marginatum Mitt.
Groutiella goniorrhyncha (Dozy & Molk.) Wijk & Margad. Pogonatum microstomum (Schwägr.) Brid.
Groutiella tomentosa (Hornsch.) Wijk & Margad. Pogonatum neesii (Müll.Hal.) Dozy
Macrocoma tenuis ssp. sullivantii (Müll.Hal.) Vitt Pogonatum nudiusculum Mitt.
Macromitrium angulosum Thwaites & Mitt. Pogonatum patulum (Harv.) Mitt.
Macromitrium binsteadii Dixon Pogonatum proliferum (Griff.) Mitt.
Macromitrium contortum Thwaites & Mitt. Pogonatum subtortile (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger
Macromitrium ellipticum Hampe Pogonatum urnigerum (Hedw.) P.Beauv.
Macromitrium fasciculare Mitt.
Macromitrium fulvum Mitt. Pottiaceae Schimp.
Macromitrium incurvifolium (Hook. & Grev.) Schwägr. Anoectangium aestivum (Hedw.) Mitt.
Macromitrium japonicum Dozy & Molk. Anoectangium clarum Mitt.
Macromitrium mauritianum Schwägr. Anoectangium hymenodontoides (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger
Macromitrium maxwellii Cardot & Dixon, nom. nud. Anoectangium stracheyanum Mitt.
Macromitrium minutum Mitt. Astomum abbreviatum (Thwaites & Mitt.) M.Fleisch.
Macromitrium nepalense (Hook. & Grev.) Schwägr. Barbula indica (Hook.) Spreng. in Steud.
Macromitrium nietneri Müll.Hal. Barbula inflexa (Duby) Müll.Hal.
197
Barbula javanica Dozy & Molk. Rhizogoniaceae Broth.
Barbula macassarensis M.Fleisch. Pyrrhobryum spiniforme (Hedw.) Mitt.
Barbula michiganensis Steere
Barbula pseudoehrenbergii M.Fleisch. Sematophyllaceae Broth.
Barbula tenuirostris Brid. Acroporium ceylonense Dixon
Gymnostomiella vernicosa var. tenerum (Müll.Hal. ex Acroporium consanguineum (Broth.) M.Fleisch.
Dusen) Arts Acroporium gracilescens (Herz.) Broth.
Hyophila involuta (Hook.) A.Jaeger Acroporium hermaphroditum (Müll.Hal.) M.Fleisch.
Hyophila spathulata (Harv.) A.Jaeger Acroporium lamprophyllum Mitt.
Pseudosymblepharis bombayensis (Müll.Hal.) P.Sollman Acroporium nietnerianum (Müll.Hal.) Broth.
Tortella humilis (Hedw.) Jenn. Acroporium rufum (Reinw. & Hornsch.) M.Fleisch.
Trichostomum brachydontium var. brachydontium Bruch Acroporium secundum (Reinw. & Hornsch.) Flesich.
Trichostomum hyalinoblastum (Broth.) Broth. Acroporium sigmatodontium (Müll.Hal.) M.Fleisch.
Trichostomum tenuirostre var. tenuirostre (Hook. & Taylor) Acroporium stramineum var. hamulatum (M.Fleisch.)
Lindb. B.C.Tan
Weissia controversa var. controversa Hedw. Acroporium stramineum var. stramineum (Reinw. &
Weissia edentula Mitt. Hornsch.) M.Fleisch.
Acroporium stramineum var. turgidum (Mitt.) B.C.Tan
Pterigynandraceae Schimp. Chionostomum rostratum (Griff.) Müll.Hal.
Trachyphyllum inflexum (Harv.) A.Gepp in Hiern Clastobryum barbelloides Dixon & P.de la Varde
Clastobryum cuculligerum (Sande Lac.) Tixier
Pterobryaceae Kindb. Clastobryum epiphyllum (Renauld & Cardot) B.C.Tan &
Calyptothecium compressum Nog. Touw
Calyptothecium urvilleanum (Müll.Hal.) Broth. Clastobryum oligonema Cardot & P.de la Varde
Calyptothecium wightii (Mitt.) M.Fleisch. Clastobryum patentifolium Dixon & P.de la Varde
Endotrichella laevifolia (Thwaites & Mitt.) Broth. Clastobryum scalare (A.Braun ex Müll.Hal.) Tixier
Pterobryopsis acuminata (Hook.) M.Fleisch. Clastobryophilum bogoricum (Bosch & Sande Lac.)
Pterobryopsis aurantia (Müll.Hal.) M.Fleisch. M.Fleisch.
Pterobryopsis crassicaulis (Müll.Hal.) M.Fleisch. Clastobryopsis robusta (Broth.) M.Fleisch.
Pterobryopsis flexipes (Mitt.) M.Fleisch. Gammiella ceylonensis (Broth. in Herzog) B.C.Tan &
Pterobryopsis frondosa (Mitt.) M.Fleisch. W.R.Buck
Pterobryopsis scabriuscula (Mitt.) M.Fleisch. Gammiella koningsbergeri (Fleisch.) B.C.Tan & Y.Jia
Pterobryopsis schmidii (Müll.Hal.) M.Fleisch. Hageniella micans (Mitt.) B.C.Tan & Y.Jia
Pterobryopsis tumida (Hook.) Cardot & Dixon Isocladiella surcularis (Dixon) B.C.Tan & Mohamed
Symphysodontella involuta (Thwaites & Mitt.) M.Fleisch. Macrohymenium acidodon (Mont.) Dozy & Molk.
Garovaglia powellii var. densifolia (Mitt.) During Macrohymenium nietneri (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger
Trachyloma indicum Mitt. Macrohymenium rufum Müll.Hal.
Macrohymenium strictum Bosch & Sande Lac.
Pylaisiadelphaceae Goffinet & W.R.Buck. Meiothecium bogoriense M.Fleisch.
Pylaisiadelpha capillacea (Griff.) B.C.Tan & Y.Jia Meiothecium hamatum (Müll.Hal.) Broth.
Taxithelium binsteadii Broth. & Dixon Meiothecium jagorii (Müll.Hal.) Broth.
Taxithelium nepalense (Schwägr.) Broth. Meiothecium microcarpum (Hook.) Mitt.
Taxithelium planissimum Broth. in Herzog Meiothecium microcarpum var. lineolatum (Duby)
Taxithelium vernieri (Duby) Besch. M.Fleisch.
Meiothecium prunicolum Tixier
Racopilaceae Kindb. Papillidiopsis ramulina (Thwaites & Mitt.) B.C.Tan & Y.Jia
Racopilum orthocarpum Wilson ex Mitt. Papillidiopsis stissophylla (Hampe) B.C.Tan & Y.Jia
Racopilum schmidii (Müll.Hal.) Mitt. Pseudohypnella verrucosa (Dozy & Molk.) M.Fleisch.
Radulina borbonica (Bél.) W.R.Buck
Regmatodontaceae Broth. Radulina hamata (Dozy & Molk.) W.R.Buck & B.C.Tan
Regmatodon declinatus (Hook.) Brid. Rhaphidostichum cucullifolium (Cardot & Dixon) Broth.
Regmatodon orthostegius Mont. Rhaphidostichum replicatum (Hampe) M.Fleisch.
Sematophyllum capilliferum Thwaites & Mitt.
Rhabdoweisiaceae Limpr. Sematophyllum ceylonense (Hampe) Broth.
Rhabdoweisia fugax (Hedw.) Bruch, Schimp. & W.Guembel Sematophyllum demissum (Wilson) Mitt.
Sematophyllum falcatulum var. subfalcatulum Broth.
Rhachitheciaceae H.Rob. Sematophyllum frullaniadelphus (Müll.Hal.) Broth.
Rhachithecium perpusillum (Thwaites & Mitt.) Broth. Sematophyllum homomallum (Hampe) Broth.
198
Sematophyllum humile (Mitt.) Broth. Thuidium cymbifolium (Dozy & Molk.) Dozy & Molk.
Sematophyllum phoeniceum (Müll. Hal.) M.Fleisch Thuidium pristocalyx var. pristocalyx (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger
Sematophyllum pilotrichelloides Cardot & Dixon
Sematophyllum scabriusculum (Broth.) Broth. Trachypodaceae M.Fleisch.
Sematophyllum subhumile (Müll.Hal.) M.Fleisch. Trachypodopsis auriculata (Mitt.) M.Fleisch.
Sematophyllum subpinnatum (Brid.) E.Britton Trachypodopsis serrulata var. crispatula (Hook.) Zanten
Trichosteleum boschii (Dozy & Molk.) A.Jaeger Trachypodopsis serrulata var. guilbertii (Thér. & P.de la
Trichosteleum hamatum var. robustum Broth. in Herzog, Varde) Zanten
nom. nud. Trachypus bicolor var. bicolor Reinw. & Hornsch.
Trichosteleum monostictum (Thwaites & Mitt.) Broth. Trachypus bicolor var. hispidus (Müll.Hal.) Cardot
Trichosteleum pseudomammosum M.Fleisch. Trachypus bicolor var. viridulus (Mitt.) Zanten
Trichosteleum ramulinum var. pendulum Broth. Trachypus humilis var. humilis Lindb.
Trichosteleum ruficaule (Thwaites & Mitt.) B.C.Tan Trachypus humilis var. tenerrimus (Broth. ex Herzog)
Warburgiella falcatula (Broth.) Broth. Zanten
Warburgiella filicuspis (Broth.) Broth.
Warburgiella leptocarpa (Schwägr.) M.Fleisch. Hornworts (Phylum Anthocerotophyta)
Warburgiella leptorrhynchoides (Mitt.) M.Fleisch.
Warburgiella subleptorrhynchoides (M.Fleisch.) M.Fleisch. Anthocerotaceae Dumort.
Wijkia ceylonensis (Broth. & Dixon in Dixon) H.A.Crum Anthoceros agrestis Paton
Wijkia surcularis (Mitt.) H.A.Crum Anthoceros erectus Kashyap
Folioceros amboinensis (Schiffn.) Piippo
Sphagnaceae Dumort. Phaeoceros carolinianus (Michx.) Prosk.
Sphagnum ceylonicum Mitt. ex Warnst.
Dendrocerotaceae J.Haseg.
Splachnaceae Grev. & Arn. Dendroceros borbonicus Steph.
Tayloria indica Mitt. Megaceros flagellaris (Mitt.) Steph.
Tayloria subglabra (Griff.) Mitt.
Notothyladaceae Müll. Frib. ex Prosk.
Splachnobryaceae A.K.Kop. Notothylas javanica (Sande Lac.) Gottsche
Splachnobryum oorschotii (Sande Lac.) Müll.Hal
Stereophyllaceae W.R.Buck & Ireland.

Stereophyllum anceps (Bosch & Sande Lac.) Broth.
Stereophyllum radiculosum (Hook.) Mitt.
Stereophyllum wightii (Mitt.) A.Jaeger
Symphyodontaceae M.Fleisch.
Chaetomitrium confertum Thwaites & Mitt.
Chaetomitrium horridulum Bosch & Sande Lac.
Chaetomitrium orthorrhynchum (Dozy & Molk.) Bosch &
Sande Lac.
Chaetomitrium papillifolium Bosch & Sande Lac.
Chaetomitrium volutum Mitt.
Symphyodon echinatus (Mitt.) A.Jaeger
Symphyodon erraticus (Mitt.) A.Jaeger
Symphyodon perrottetii Mont.
Trachythecium tuberculatum (Mitt.) M.Fleisch.
Thuidiaceae Schimp.
Aequatoriella bifaria (Bosch & Sande Lac.) Touw
Anomodon pseudotristis (Müll.Hal.) Kindb.
Claopodium prionophyllum (Müll.Hal.) Broth.
Herpetineuron toccoae (Sull. & Lesq.) Cardot
Indothuidium kiasense (R.S.Williams) Touw
Pelekium gratum (P.Beauv.) Touw
Pelekium investe (Mitt.) Touw
Pelekium velatum Mitt.
Pelekium versicolor (Müll.Hal.) Touw
199
Pallavicinia lyellii (Hook.) Gray
Phylum Marchantiophyta
Family: Pallaviciniaceae
A simple thalloid liverwort commonly found growing
on wet shady habitats. Thalli are dark green colour and
remarkably translucent, just one cell thick except at the
midrib.
Recorded from: Kadugannawa, Riverston, Horton Plains,
Kithulgala, Suriyakanda, Hiniduma, Kanneliya, Sinharaja FR
Plagiochasma rupestre (G. Forst) Steph.

Phylum Marchantiophyta
Family: Aytoniaceae
A complex thalloid liverwort usually found on drier
exposed ground. The dull green upper surface of the
leather thallus and triangular appendages of the purplish
ventral scales are characteristic of the species.
Recorded from: Loolkadura, Kadugannawa, Riverston,
Nuwara Eliya, Badulla.
Pogonatum aloides (Hedw.) P. Beauv.

Phylum Bryophyta
Family Polytrichaceae
A moss that resembles a small Aloe, with its short stiff,
dark green, triangular leaves arranged in a rosette-
like tuft on short, reddish stems. Shoots are less than 1
cm in height and most conspicuous with sporophytes
containing capsules on a reddish seta.
Recorded from: Piduruthalagala, Riverston.
Folioceros amboinensis (Schiffn.) Piippo

Phylum Anthocerotophyta
Family: Anthocerotaceae
A hornwort usually found growing in moist shady
habitats. It can be distinguished by the light green colour
plants forming complete rosettes with deeply lobed, frilly
margins and large mucilage cavities of the thallus.
Recorded from: Kithulgala
200
References
Long, D. G. & Rubasinghe, S. C. K. (2014). Liverworts Ruklani, N. C. S., Rubasinghe, S. C. K. & Villarreal,
and Hornworts of Sri Lanka: a revised checklist. J. C. (2016). Two New Records of Sri Lankan
Ceylon Journal of Science (Bio. Sci.) 43(1): 1 – 36. Hornworts, Notothylas javanica (Notothyladaceae)
and Megaceros flagellaris (Dendrocerotaceae).
O’shea B. J. 2002: Checklist of the mosses of Sri Lanka. Cryptogamie Bryologie 37(4): 435 – 444.
The Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 92:
125–164. Samarakkody, S. P., Ruklani, N. C. S. & Rubasinghe, S.
C. K. (2018). Three new species records of leafy
Ruklani N. C. S. & Rubasinghe S. C. K. 2013: A liverworts (Marchantiophyta, Jungermannidae) to
preliminary survey of bryophytes in the central Sri Lanka. Lindbergia 41(1): 1 – 5.
province of Sri Lanka. Ceylon Journal of Science
(Bio.Sci) 42(1): 67–72.
Ruklani, N. C. S., Rubasinghe, S. C. K. & Long, D.

G. (2015). Morphological Diversity of Complex
Thalloid Liverworts of Sri Lanka. Ceylon Journal of
Science (Bio.Sci) 44(2): 27 – 44.
201
A Provisional List of Microalgae in Sri Lanka
M.M. Pathmalal
Centre for Water quality and Algae Research,

University of Sri Jayawardenepura, Sri Lanka.
Microalgae include Qyanobacteria, green, brown and red In Sri Lankan context, there were 48 species of planktonic
algae. There are more varieties of microalgae and they green algae belonging to 24 genera was recorded and the
are range from unicellular to multicellular algae which cyanobacteria represented by 43 taxa belonging to 24
may grow up to 50 m in length. Microalgae have naked genera, diatoms represents by 17 taxa belonging to 13
reproductive structures, photoautotrophic, and not genera, the Euglenophytes, nine species belong to four
classified as plants. Algae commonly grow in any habitat genera have been recorded diano flagellates represent by
where water or moisture is found. They often live in five taxa belonging to three genera and the other three
association with other organisms forming microbial mats, groups of plankctonic algae (Chrysophycea, Cryptophyceae
biofilms and benthic communities and such associations and Xanthophyceae) are of minor importance to the
are the predominant and sometimes the only life forms species assemblage of phytoplankton in Sri Lanka.
found in certain extreme habitats.
Cyanophyceae Merismopedia elegans (Braun ex Kützing) (Kützing, 1849)

Abaena circinalis (Ghose, 1926) Merismopedia glauca ( Kützing, 1845)
Anabaena flos-aquae (Elenkin, 1909) Merismopedia punctata Meyen (Meyen, 1839)
Anabaena incrassate (Nygaard, 1929) Merismopedia tenuissima Lemm. (Lemmermann, 1898)
Anabaena solitaria Klebahn (Geitler, 1932) Microcystis aeruginosa Kütz ( Kützing, 1846)
Anabaena sp. (Proskina-Lavrenko and Makarova, 1968) Microcystis comperei Komárek. (Komárek, 1984)
Anabaena spiroides (Lemmermann, 1898) Microcystis flos-aqua (Witt) Kirchner (Kirchner, 1898)
Anabaenopsis elenkini (Miller, 1923) Microcystis incerta Lemm. (Lemmermann, 1903)
Anabaenopsis sp. (Kebede and Willén, 1996) Microcystis lamielliformes Holsinger (Elenkin, 1973)
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (klebahnii Elenkin, 1909) Microcystis protocystis Crow
Aphanizomenon voltzi Lemm (Bornet and Flahault, 1886) Microcystis wesenbergii (Kom.) Kom.M (Komárek) (Joosen,
Aphanocapsa delicatissima West & West (West, 1912) 2006)
Aphanocapsa elachista West & West (West, 1912) Oscillatoria agardhii Isothrix (Skuja, 1948)
Aphanocapsa holsatica Lemm. (Cronberg and Komárek, Oscillatoria chlorina Kützing ex Gomont (Gomont, 1892)
1994) Oscillatoria limnetica ( Lemmermann, 1900)
Aphanothece minutissima (W.West) (Komárková- Oscillatoria raciborskii (Wol.) Seen (Geitler, 1925)
Legnerová and Cronberg, 1994) Oscillatoria sp. (Brühl and Biswas, 1922)
Chroococcus dispersus (Keissl.) Lemm. (Lemmermann, Panus soinosus Hickel
1904) Planktolyngbya circumcreta West (Anagnostidis and
Chroococcus limneticus Lemm. (Lemmermann, 1898) Komárek, 1988)
Chroococcus turgidus (Wolszynska, 1912) Planktolyngbya limnetica Lemm. (Komárková-Legnerová
Coelomoron microcystoides Komárek (Komárek, 1989) and Cronberg, 1992)
Coelosphaerium kuetzingianum Näg. (Playfair, 1914) Pseudoanabaena galeata Böcher (Böcher, 1949)
Cyanodictyon imperfectum Cronberget Weibull (Cronberg Rhabdogloea smithii R. & F.Chodat. (Komárek, 1983)
and Weibull, 1981)
Cylindrospermopsis philippinensis (Taylor) (Komárek, 1984) Dianophyceae
Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Woloszynska) Actinotaenium sp. (Teiling, 1954)
(Desikachary, 1972) Closterium aciculare West (Elenkin, 1940)
Dactylococcopsis smithii (Chodat and Chodat, 1925) Closterium acutum Lemm. (Krieger, 1935)
Gloeotrichia sp. (West and West, 1897) Closterium diane Ehrenberg (Ralfs, 1848)
Gomphosphaeria naegeliana Unger. (Lemmermann, 1907) Closterium enrenbergii (Ralfs, 1848)
Gomphosphaeria pusilla (Goor) (Komárek, 1958) Closterium kuetzingii Bréb. (Brébisson, 1856)
Lemmermaniella pallida Lemm. (Komarek and Komark.- Closterium monoiliferum (Ralfs, 1848)
Legn) Cosmarium apertum (Skuja) Först. (Förster, 1981)
Lyngbya circumreta (West and West, 1897) Cosmarium binum Nordst. (Wittrock and Nordstedt, 1880)
Lyngbya limnetica Lemm. (Lemmermann, 1898) Cosmarium bioculatum Bréb. (Ralfs, 1848)
202
Cosmarium contractum West & West (Kirchner, 1878) Stephanodiscus neoastrea Hakanson & Hicke (Håkansson
Cosmarium depressum (Näg.) Lund. (Lundell, 1871) and Hickel, 1986)
Euastrum denticulatum (Kirchner) Gay. (Gay, 1884) Stephanodiscus rotula (Ross and Sims, 1978)
Glenodinium sp. (Stein, 1883) Surirella sp (Brébisson, 1838)
Gymnodium berrimum (Chatton, 1912) Synedra sp. (Ehrenberg, 1830)
Gymnodium fuscum (Stein, 1878) Tabellaria sp. (Kützing, 1844)
Gymnodium hyalinum (Schilling, 1891) Teballaria fenestrate (Kützing, 1844)
Gymnodium versum (Chatton, 1912) Teballaria flocculosa (Kützing, 1844)
Hyalotheca dissiliens Bréb. (Ralfs, 1848) Urosolenia dentriculata Rott, (Kling et al., 1990)
Micrasterias foliacea Bail. (Ralfs, 1848)
Micrasterias mahabuleshwarensis Hobs. (Hobson, 1863) Euglenaceae
Mougeotia sp. (Agardh, 1824) Euglena acus Ehrenberg (Ehrenberg, 1830)
Penium spirostrialatum Bark. (Ralfs, 1848) Euglena pisciformis Klebs ( Klebs, 1883)
Peridinium cinctum (Ehrenberg, 1832) Lepocinclis ovum (Ehrenberg) Lemm. (Lemmermann,
Peridinium lomnicki (Ehrenberg, 1830) 1901)
Peridinium palatimum (Lauterborn, 1896) Phacus sp. (Pochmann, 1942)
Peridinium polonicum (Lauterborn, 1896) Phacus aenigmaticus (Drezepolski, 1922)
Peridinium polonicum (Lemmermann, 1901) Phacus caudatus (Hübner, 1886)
Peridinium pusillum (Woloszynska, 1912) Phacus longicauda (Dujardin, 1841)
Peridinium raciborskii (Lemmermann, 1900) Phacus marcrostigma
Peridiniumaciculiferum (De Bary, 1858) Trachelomonas armata (Ehrenberg)Stein (Stein, 1878)
Pleurotaenium ehrenbergi Menegh. -Starm (Nägeli, 1849) Trachelomonas hispida (Perty) Steinem. Defl. (Stein, 1878)
Pleurotaenium sp. (Nägeli, 1849) Trachelomonas verrucosa Stokes (Stokes, 1887)
Pleurotaenium trabecula Näg. (Nägeli, 1849) Trachelomonas volvocina Ehrenberg (Ehrenberg, 1834)
Spirotaenium condensata Bréb. (Ralfs, 1848) Trachelomonas volvocinopsis Swirenko (Svirenko, 1914)
Staurastrum bifidum Ralfs (Ralfs, 1848)
Staurastrum bigibbum Skuja (Skuja, 1949) Chlorophyceae (Greens)
Staurastrum brachioprominens Börgesen (Børgesen, Ankistrodesmus bernardi Komárek (Komárek, 1983)
1891) Ankistrodesmus sp. (Ralfs, 1848)
Staurastrum brevispina (Brebisson) (Ralfs, 1848) Asterococcus superbus (Cienkowski) (Scherffel, 1908)
Staurodesmus spetsbergensis (Nordst.) Teiling (Teiling, Bambusina brebissonii (Nordstedt) (Wolle, 1884)
1967) Botryococcus braunii Kützing ( Kützing, 1849)
Xanthidium spinosum (Josh.) West & West (White, 1842) Chlamydocapsa planctonica (West and G.S.West) (Fott,
1972)
Cryptophyceae Chlamydomonas sp. (Ehrenberg, 1833)
Cryptomonas rostratiformis Skuja (Huber-Pestalozzi, 1950) Chodatella ciliate (Chodat 1895)
Rhodomonas lacustris Pascher & Ruttner (Pascher, 1913) Chrysococcus minutus (Nygaard, 1932)
Rhodomonas minuta Skuja (Skuja, 1948) Coelastrum astroideum De Notaris (Notaris, 1867)
Coelastrum cambricum (Playfair, 1917)
Bacillariophyceae Coelastrum indicum Turner (Turner, 1892)
Asterionella formosa (Hassall, 1850) Coelastrum polychordum (Kors.) Hindak (Hindák, 1977)
Aulacoseira granulata (Ehrenberg) (Simonsen, 1979) Coelastrum pulchrum Schmidle (Komárek, 1983)
Cyclotella comta (Ehrenb.) Kütz (Kützing, 1849) Coelastrum reticulatum (Dangeard) Senn (Compère, 1970)
Cyclotella meneghiniana Kutzing (Kützing, 1844) Coenococcus fotti Hindak (Hindák, 1977)
Cyclotella pseudostelligera Hust. (Hustedt, 1939) Crucigeniella saguei Komárek (Komárek, 1975)
Cymbella minutissima Kütz (Cleve, 1894) Dicellula geminate Choadt.
Fragilaria acus Kütz (Krammer and Lange-Bertalot, 2000) Dictyosphaerium pulchellum H.C.Wood (Bachmann, 1933)
Fragilaria construens (Grunow, 1862) Dictyosphaerium tetrachotomum Printz (Komárek, 1983)
Fragilaria crotonensis Clacus-vulcani (Lange-Bertalot and Dimorphococcus lunatus A.Braun (Braun, 1855)
Ulrich, 2014) Eudorina elegans (Ehrenberg, 1832)
Gyrosigma sp. (Rabenhorst, 1853) Frabceia armarta Lemm (Nygaard, 1945)
Melosira ambigua (Rrobusta Gasse, 1980) Franceia ovalis (Lemmermann, 1898)
Melosira granulate (Pritchard, 1861) Golenkinia radiata Chod. (Chodat, 1894)
Navicula sp (Kützing, 1844) Hyalotheca dissilient (Ralfs, 1848)
Nitzchia acicularis (Smith, 1853) Kirchneriella dianae (Bohlin) Comas ( Comas, 1980)
Pinnularia sp. (Ehrenberg, 1843) Kirchneriella sp. (Chmidle, 1893)
Rhizosolenia eriensis HL Smith (Smith, 1872) Koliella sp. (Hindák, F. 1963)
Stephanodiscus hantzschii (Cleve and Grunow, 1880) Monoraphidium sp. (Komárková-Legnerová, 1969)
203
Kirchneriella microscopica (Nygaard, 1945) Tetraedron incus (Teiling) (Smith, 1926)
Lagerheimia citriformis (Snow) Coll. (Tiffany and Ahlstrom, Tetraedron minimum A.Braun (Hansgirg, 1888)
1931) Tetraedron ntrigonum (Hansgirg, 1888)
Micractinium pusillum (G.M.Smith, 1918) Tetraedron triangulare Kors. (Korshikov, 1953)
Monoraphidium contortum ( Komárková-Legnerová in Tetrastrum heteracanthum Chod. (Chodat, 1895)
Fott, 1969) Tetrastrum staurogeniaeforme Lemm (Lemmermann,
Monoraphidium irregularis Smith ( Komárková-Legnerová, 1900)
1969) Treubaria triappendiculata Bernard (Bernard, 1908)
Monoraphidium minutum Komarkova Legnerova Volvox globator ( Linnaeus, 1758)
(Komárková-Legnerová, 1969)
Monoraphidium caribeum Hindak (Hindák, 1970) Xanthophyceae
Nephrocytium limneticum (Smith, G.M., 1933) Centritractus belenophorus Lemm. (Lemmermann, 1900)
Nephrocytium schilleri Comas (González, 1980) Goniochloris contorta (Bourrelly) Ettl (Ettl, 1977)
Oocystis lacustris (Chodat, 1897) Goniochloris sp. (Pascher, 1938)
Oocystis marssoni Lemm. (Lemmermann, 1898) Isthmochloron gracile (Reinsch) Skuja (Skuja, 1949)
Oocystis parva W.& G.S.West (West and West, G.S., 1898) Isthmochloron lobulatum (Naegeli) Skuja (Skuja, 1948)
Oocystis solitaria (West and West, G.S., 1894) Pseudostaurastrum sp. (Chodat, 1921)
Pandorina morum (Bory and Deslongschamps, 1827)
Pediastrum biradiatum (Tsarenko, 2011)
Pediastrum boryanum (Meneghini, 1840)
Pediastrum duplex Meyen (Raciborski, 1889)
Pediastrum simplex Meyen (Kant and Gupta, P., 1998)
Pediastrum simplex var. biwaense Fucush. Kant and
Gupta, P., 1998
Pediastrum tetras Ralfs (Ralfs, 1845)
Pleurotaenium ehrenbergii (Willi Krieger, 1937)
Pleurotaenium trabecular (Nägeli, 1849)
Pseudosphaerocystis lacustris (Nováková, 1965)
Pteromonas aculeata Lemmermann (Lemmermann, 1900)
Quadricoccus verrucosus Fott (Fott, 1948)
Scenedesmus brasiliensis Bohl. (West and West, 1942)
Scenedesmus ellipticus Corda (Corda, 1835)
Scenedesmus javanensis Chodat (Chodat, 1926)
Scenedesmus obtusus Meyen (Meyen, 1829)
Scenedesmus opoliensis Richte (Richter, 1895)
Scenedesmus perforatus Lemm. (Lemmermann, 1910)
Scenedesmus polyglobus Hortob.
Scenedesmus spinosus Chodat (Chodat, 1926)
Scenedesmus tropicus Crow (Crow, 1923)
Selenodictyum brasiliense Uherk. & Schmidt
Sorastrum americanum (Bohlin) Schmidle (Smith, 1918)
Sphaerocystis schroeteri (Chodat, 1897)
Staurastum brachiatum (Ralfs, 1848)
Staurastum dilatatum (Ralfs, 1848)
Staurastum lunatum (Ralfs, 1848)
Staurastum lunatum (Ralfs, 1848)
Staurastum manfeldti (Ralfs, 1848)
Staurastum muticum (Ralfs, 1848)
Staurastum paradoxum Ralfs, 1848
Staurastum paradoxum (Ralfs, 1848)
Staurastum pilosum (Ralfs, 1848)
Staurastum tetracerum (Ralfs, 1848)
Staurastum trianularis (Ralfs, 1848)
Staurastum uniseriatum (Ralfs, 1848)
Staurastum vestitum (Ralfs, 1848)
Staurodesmus dejectus (Ralfs, 1848)
Staurodesmus extensus (Ralfs, 1848)
Stichococcus bacillaria (Nägeli, 1849)
204
Anabaena sp.
Cyanophyceae
Anabaena are heterocyst-forming, photoautotrophic
cyanobacteria that perform oxygenic
photosynthesis. Anabaena grow in long filaments of
vegetative cells and this genera has been recorded
in Sri Lankan water bodies, especially during the dry
periods. Anabaena species have potential to produce
toxins (anatoxin and microcystins) under extreme
environmental conditions
Chroococcus sp.
Cyanophyceae
This species belongs to cyanophyceae and very common
in Sri Lankan water bodies. They are non-toxigenic
cyanobacteria. Chroococcus is usually found as colonies
of two, four, or eight cells with a transparent protective
covering sheath containing photosynthetic pigments.
These species use an extensive quantity of atmospheric
carbon for photosynthetic processes, creating free oxygen
in the atmosphere.
Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii
Cyanophyceae
Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, a toxin producing tropical
cyanobacterium, recently recorded at high abundances in
lentic waters. This species is highly adaptive and exhibit
different morphotypes: straight, coiled and sigmoid-
shaped trichomes under different environmental
conditions. Distribution and abundance of the species
is mainly depending on the environmental factors. They
have potential to produce cylindrospermopsin (CYN).
Pediastrum sp.
Chlorophyceae
Identified as filter clogging algae in reservoirs in Sri
Lanka. Pediastrum colonies are disk-shaped and are
characterized by peripheral hornlike projections. The
number of cells per colony varies (2–128) depending on
the species.
205
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A Provisional list of Marine Algae/Seaweeds in Sri Lanka
Rasanga Gunasekera
Department of Botany, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka.
Seaweeds are photosynthetic macroalgae, which occur At present, 139 seaweeds are correctly identified and they
in the intertidal zone as well as above (in the spray zone) are listed below (Table : 12). That survey was conducted
and under it (in the subtidal, on submerged reefs and rock on the Southwestern part in the Sri Lanka by Coppejans et
boulders) in marine environment. They are classified into al., 2009.
three divisions by considering the dominant pigments
available in them Chlorophyta/Green (Chlorophyl), Economic important of seaweeds: Various seaweed
Pheaophyta/Brown (xanthophylls) and Rodophyta /Red species are used for extracting expensive chemicals such as
(phycoerythrin and phycocyanin). carrageen, agar and used them as a food source enrich with
vitamins and other nutrients. Pharmaceutical industries
Their growth depends on the season and the surfing use for preparation drugs.
patterns of the waves. Some of them grow as the
monospecific vegetation and the most tufts of different Threats on them;
species are mixed or contiguous, or different genera/ i) Climate change.
species can really be intricate. Mid and low intertidal rock
pools generally contain a rich, continuously submerged ii) Release litter without proper management
seaweed flora which is different from the air-exposed into seashore as a result of urbanization.
substratum at low tide.
iii) Frequent freshwater discharges with silty
particles.
These seaweed beds can be found in Gulf of Mannar,
Puttalam bay, Kallpitiya, Beruwalla, Hikkaduwa, Galle, iv) Boat mooring and discharge unburned fuel
Unawatuna, Talpe, Koggala, coral flat form at Ahangama, and oil.
Midigama, Polhena, Dikkwella, Hambantota, Arugambe,
Chillaw, Passikudda and Jaffna peninsula of Sri Lanka.
Table 12. A summary of the diversity of Marine Algae/Seaweeds in Sri Lanka

Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
Chlorophyta 01 03 07 07 51
Pheaophyta 01 06 06 07 23
Rhodophyta 02 11 27 49 65
Cholorphyta (Green algae) *Caulerpa racemosa var. racemosa f. remota (Svedelius)

Class : Ulvophyceae Coppejans
Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea (Sonder) Verlaque,
Bryopsidaceae Huisman et Boudouresque f. laxa (Greville) Weber-van
Bryopsis pennata J.V.Lamouroux Bosse
Caulerpa serrulata (Forsskål) J.Agardh
Caulerpaceae Caulerpa sertularioides (S.G.Gmelin) M.A.Howe
*Caulerpa fergusonii G.Murray Caulerpa taxifolia (Vahl) C.Agardh
Caulerpa filicoides Yamada var. andamanensis W.R.Taylor Caulerpa verticillata J.Agardh
*Caulerpa imbricata G.Murray
Caulerpa lentillifera J.Agardh Cladophoraceae
Caulerpa mexicana Sonder ex Kützing f. exposita Chaetomorpha antennina (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Kützing
(Børgesen) Coppejans Chaetomorpha crassa (C. Agardh) Kützing
*Caulerpa parvula Svedelius Chaetomorpha spiralis Okamura
Caulerpa peltata var. peltata J.V.Lamouroux Cladophora herpestica (Montagne) Kützing
Caulerpa racemosa var. racemosa (Forsskål) J.Agardh Cladophora prolifera (Roth) Kützing
Caulerpa racemosa var. racemosa f. macrophysa (Sonder Cladophora sericea (Hudson) Kützing
ex Kützing) Svedelius Cladophora socialis Kützing
210
Cladophora vagabunda (Linnaeus) van den Hoek Ralfsiaceae
Rhizoclonium africanum Kützing Ralfsia ceylanica Harvey ex Barton
Codiaceae Sargassaceae
Codium arabicum Kützing Sargassum crassifolium J.Agardh
Codium geppiorum O.C.Schmidt Sargassum polycystum C.Agardh
Sargassum turbinatifolium Tseng et Lu
Halimedaceae Sargassum sp.
Halimeda discoidea Decaisne Turbinaria ornata (Turner) J.Agardh
*Halimeda gracilis Harvey ex J.Agardh Turbinaria ornata f. evesiculosa (Barton) W.R.Taylor
Halimeda opuntia (Linnaeus) J.V.Lamouroux Turbinaria sp.
Siphonocladaceae Scytosiphonaceae
*Boergesenia forbesii (Harvey) J.Feldmann Chnoospora minima (Hering) Papenfuss
Boodlea composita (Harvey) Brand Colpomenia sinuosa (Mertens ex Roth) Derbès et Solier
Cladophoropsis sundanensis Reinbold
Dictyosphaeria cavernosa (Forsskål) Børgesen Scytothamnaceae
Dictyosphaeria versluysii Weber-van Bosse Asteronema breviarticulata (J.Agardh) Ouriques et Bouzon
Udoteaceae Sphacelariaceae
Avrainvillea amadelpha (Montagne) A.Gepp et E.Gepp Sphacelaria novae-hollandiae Sonder
Avrainvillea erecta (Berkeley) A.Gepp et E.Gepp
*Chlorodesmis caespitosa J.Agardh
Rhipidosiphon javensis Montagne Rhodophyta (Red algae)
Class: Bangiophyceae
Ulvaceae
Ulva compressa L. Bangiaceae
Ulva fasciata Delile Porphyra suborbiculata Kjellman
Ulva intestinalis L.
Ulva lactuca L. Class: Florideophyceae
Ulva pertusa Kjellman
Ulva prolifera O.F.Müller Bonnemaisoniaceae
Ulva reticulata Forsskål Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevisan
Ulva rigida C.Agardh
Callithamniaceae
Valoniaceae *Euptilota fergusonii Cotton
*Valonia fastigiata Harvey ex J.Agardh
Valonia utricularis (Roth) C.Agardh Ceramiaceae
Valoniopsis pachynema (G.Martens) Børgesen Centroceras clavulatum (C.Agardh) Montagne
Ceramium marshallense Dawson
Ceramium sp.
Phaeophyceae (Brown algae)
Class : Phaeophyceae Champiaceae
*Champia ceylanica Harvey
Dictyotaceae
Canistrocarpus crispatus (J.V.Lamouroux) De Paula et De Corallinaceae
Clerck Amphiroa foliacea J.V.Lamouroux
Canistrocarpus magneanus (De Clerck et Coppejans) De Amphiroa fragilissima (Linnaeus) J.V.Lamouroux
Paula et De Clerck Amphiroa sp.1
Dictyopteris delicatula J.V.Lamouroux Amphiroa sp.2
*Dictyota ceylanica Kützing Jania adhaerens J.V.Lamouroux
Dictyota ciliolata Sonder ex Kützing Jania cultrata (Harvey) J.H.Kim, Guiry et H.-G. Choi
Dictyota friabilis Setchell Jania intermedia (Kützing) P.Silva
Lobophora variegata (J.V. Lamouroux) Womersley ex Jania ungulata (Yendo) Yendo
Oliveira
Padina antillarum (Kützing) Piccone Cystocloniaceae
Padina boergesenii Allender et Kraft Hypnea charoides J.V.Lamouroux
Padina minor Yamada Hypnea pannosa J.Agardh
Stoechospermum polypodioides (J.V. Lamouroux) J. Hypnea spinella (C.Agardh) Kützing
Agardh
211
Dasyaceae Peyssonneliaceae
Dictyurus purpurascens Bory de Saint-Vincent Peyssonnelia sp.
Delesseriaceae Phyllophoraceae
Caloglossa leprieurii (Montagne) G.Martens Ahnfeltiopsis pygmaea (J.Agardh) P.C.Silva et DeCew
*Claudea multifida Harvey
Cottoniella amamiensis Itono Pterocladiaceae
*Martensia fragilis Harvey Pterocladiella caerulescens (Kützing) Santelices et
*Nitophyllum marginale (Kützing) J.Agardh Hommersand
Taenioma perpusillum (J.Agardh) J.Agardh
*Vanvoorstia coccinea Harvey ex J.Agardh Rhizophyllidaceae
Portieria hornemannii (Lyngbye) P.C.Silva
Galaxauraceae Portieria tripinnata (Hering) De Clerck
Actinotrichia fragilis (Forsskål) Børgesen
Galaxaura filamentosa Chou Rhodomelaceae
Galaxaura rugosa (Ellis et Solander) J.V.Lamouroux Acanthophora spicifera (Vahl) Børgesen
Bostrychia tenella (J.V. Lamouroux) J.Agardh
Gelidiaceae *Bryocladia thwaitesii (Harvey ex J. Agardh) De Toni
Gelidium spp. Chondria armata (Kützing) Okamura Laurencioids
(Chondrophycus/Laurencia/Osmundea/
Gelidiellaceae Palisada-complex)
Gelidiella acerosa (Forsskål) J.Feldmann et G.Hamel Laurencia natalensis Kylin
Laurencia sp.
Gigartinaceae Palisada papillosa (C.Agardh) K.W.Nam et G.Furnari
Chondracanthus acicularis (Roth) Fredericq Leveillea jungermannioides (Hering et G.Martens) Harvey
Murrayella periclados (C.Agardh) Schmitz
Gracilariaceae Tolypiocladia calodictyon (Harvey ex Kützing) P.C.Silva
Gracilaria canaliculata Sonder
*Gracilaria corticata (J.Agardh) J.Agardh Rhodymeniaceae
Gracilaria corticata var. ramalinoides J.Agardh Botryocladia skottsbergii (Børgesen) Levring
Gracilaria hikkaduwensis Durairatnam
Gracilaria salicornia (C.Agardh) Dawson Sarcodiaceae
Sarcodia montagneana (J.D.Hooker et Harvey) J.Agardh
Halymeniaceae
Grateloupia lithophila Børgesen Solieriaceae
Halymenia durvillei Bory de Saint-Vincent *Euryomma platycarpa Schmitz
*Polyopes ligulatus (Harvey ex Kützing) De Toni
Spyridiaceae
Liagoraceae Spyridia fusiformis Børgesen
Dermonema virens (J.Agardh) Pedroche et Ávila Ortíz Spyridia hypnoides (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Papenfuss
Liagora ceranoides J.V.Lamouroux
Wrangeliaceae
Lomentariaceae Wrangelia argus (Montagne) Montagne
Gelidiopsis repens (Kützing) Weber-van Bosse
Gelidiopsis variabilis (J.Agardh) Schmitz *Type locality in Sri Lanka
References
Coppejans, E., Leliaert, F., Dargent, O.,Gunasekara,
R., De Clerck, O.2010. Sri Lankan Seaweeds,
Methodologies and field guide to the dominant
species. Abc Taxa. The Netherlands pp 1-263.
212
Halimeda discoidea Decaisne
Green algae
Growing in isolated, limited populations. Thallus erect,
generally bushy, branching mainly di- or tri-chotomous,
segments only slightly calcified, mostly thick and fleshy.
Morphologically variable. It can be found mostly in
lagoons from low water mark down to 1 m depth.
Caulerpa lentillifera J.Agardh

Green algae
Stolons terete, irregularly branched and unbranched in
rather exposed habitats, very dark bluish green. Mainly on
vertical or over hanging rock walls at about low water mark,
air-exposed at low tide but continuously wave-swept.
Portieria tripinnata (Hering) De Clerck

Red algae
Plants erect, 2-3 cm high, forming dense little tufts of
markedly incurved thalli, Epilithic on surf-exposed,
continuously wave-swept rock walls in the mid intertidal
zone.
Chnoospora minima (Hering) Papenfuss

Brown algae
Plants erect in the basal part, pendulous in the upper
parts, forming patches several centimeters across, tightly
adhering to the substratum by a discoid holdfast, often
in association with hair tufts. Confined to extremely
wave-exposed habitats in the supra littoral fringe and
high intertidal; show seasonal appearance, (almost)
disappearing in the dry season.
213
A Provisional List of Lichens in Sri Lanka
Udeni Jayalal1, Gothamie Weerakoon2, Pat Wolseley2, Siril Wijesundara3, Veranja Karunaratne4
1
Department of Natural Resources, Sabaragamuwa University, Sri Lanka
2
Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London
3
National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
4
Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
The list of lichenised fungi from Sri Lanka contains 876 The most significant changes have been made in the last
species in 233 genera in 60 families that have been collected decade both in taxonomic concepts through the use of
and described from Sri Lanka based on material collected molecular and chemical methods and through the growth in
over a period of time from the 19th C to the present day. the number of local specialists who have made collections
Collections made by G.H.K.Thwaites (1812-82) during his resulting in publications of both new records and new
time as Superintendent and later Director (1849-80) of the species from 2011 onwards (Jayalal et al., Weerakoon et
Botanic Gardens in Peradeniya were sent to lichenologists al. 2011-present). The use of modern molecular concepts
in Europe and resulted in publications describing many has enabled the re-evaluation of key tropical families
new species, such as by Leighton (1869) (specimens in Graphidaceae, Ramalinaceae and Trypetheliaceae
BM) and Nylander (1900) (specimens in Helsinki). During presented here. From 2011 onwards Weerakoon et al.
the latter part of the 20th Century Sri Lankan collections have described 80 new species and c. 400 new records for
made by Kurokawa and Mineta (1973) from Japan (mainly the country. Fully identified specimens and types of new
macrolichens of Physciaceae and Parmeliaceae) and species are deposited at the National Herbarium (PDA).
Hale from USA (1980,1981) (mainly Parmeliaceae and
Graphidaceae from canopies of virgin Dipterocarp trees In order to be consistent in this list we have revisited
being logged in Sinharaja forest) added many new records earlier records in Awasthi, Hale and others and referred
and species to the list. Europeans also added to the list: these to their present taxonomic positions using
Moberg from Sweden (Moberg 1986), Jørgensen from modern publications and Index Fungorum (http://www.
Norway (2001/2), Breussand Brunnbauer from Austria and indexfungorum.org/). However, records of lichen taxa
Vezda from Czech Republic (Breuss & Brunnbauer 1997; in families that were formerly used in a more restrictive
Vezda et al. 1997) described many new species. More sense, such as Lecideaceae are omitted from this list until
local interest grew from India through Awasthi (1991) and specimens can be re-examined and their taxonomic status
Makhija and Patwardhan (1992) resulting in a combined confirmed. This list has been a collaborative effort which
list of 659 species recorded from Sri Lanka. However the is ongoing (Weerakoon et al.in press and in preparation)
major collections and types of Sri Lankan lichen taxa from and there are still many habitats that are underexplored
this period are in foreign herbaria and few have been in Sri Lanka including the dry zone, intermediate zone and
worked on recently to resolve their taxonomic position and mangroves. We predict that the list will continue to increase
status. Specimens that have not been examined recently as we describe the diversity and endemism of lichen and
and whose taxonomic status is unconfirmed have been lichenicolous species in Sri Lanka.
excluded from this list but can be found in an outline of
previous publications by Brunnbauer (1984-1987).
Arthoniaceae Arthonia tumidula (Ach.) Ach

Arthonia antillarum (Fée) Nyl. Arthothelium bessale (Nyl.) Zahlbr.
Arthonia calcicola Nyl. Arthothelium confertum (A.L.Sm.) Makhija & Patw.
Arthonia catenatula Nyl. Arthothelium orbilliferum (Almq.) Hasse
Arthonia dispersula Nyl. Arthothelium spectabile (A.Massal.) Anzi
Arthonia elegans (Ach.) Almq. Arthothelium subilicinum (Leight.) Zahlbr.
Arthonia opegraphina Lücking Arthothelium subvenosum (Leight.) Zahlbr.
Arthonia parantillarum Aptroot Astrothelium cinnamomeum (Eschw.) Müll.Arg.
Arthonia redingeri Grube Astrothelium corticatum (Makhija & Patw.) Kr.P.Singh &
Arthonia rubiginella Nyl. G.P.Sinha
Arthonia simplicascens Nyl. Astrothelium conjugatum Weerakoon & Aptroot
Arthonia subilicina (Leight.) Zahlbr. Astrothelium fallax Müll.Arg.
214
Astrothelium feei (C.F.W. Meissn.) Aptroot & Lücking Dirinaria aspera (H.Magn.) D.D.Awasthi
Astrothelium flavoduplex Aptroot & M.Cáceres Dirinaria confluens (Fr.) D.D.Awasthi
Astrothelium galbineum Kremp. Dirinaria papillulifera (Nyl.) D.D.Awasthi
Astrothelium galligenum (Aptroot) Aptroot & Lücking Dirinaria picta (Sw.) Clem. & Shear
Astrothelium inspersoconicum Aptroot & Weerakoon Dirinaria purpurascens (Vain.) B.J.Moore
Astrothelium isohypocrellinum Aptroot & Weerakoon Gassicurtia clathrisidiata Aptroot
Astrothelium megaspermum (Mont.) Aptroot & Lücking Pyxine berteriana (Fée) Imshaug
Astrothelium meristosporoides (P.M.McCarthy & Pyxine coccifera (Fée) Nyl.
Vongshew.) Aptroot & Lücking Pyxine cocoes (Sw.) Nyl.
Astrothelium meristosporum (Mont. & Bosch) Aptroot & Pyxine copelandii Vain.
Lücking Pyxine coralligera Malme
Astrothelium nitidulum Weerakoon & Aptroot Pyxine cylindrica Kashiw.
Astrothelium nitidiusculum (Nyl.) Aptroot & Lücking Pyxine fallax Kalb
Astrothelium subfusum Kremp. Pyxine farinosa Kashiw.
Crypthonia albida (Fée) Frisch & G.Thor Pyxine isidiophora (Müll.Arg.) Imshaug
Crypthonia polillensis (Vain.) Frisch & G.Thor Pyxine keralensis D.D.Awasthi
Cryptothecia candida (Kremp.) R.Sant. Pyxine maculata Swinscow & Krog
Cryptothecia faveomaculata Makhija & Patw. Pyxine retirugella Nyl.
Cryptothecia macrospora Makhija & Patw. Pyxine simulans Kalb
Cryptothecia monospora (Vain.) Makhija & Patw. Pyxine sorediata (Ach.) Mont.
Cryptothecia punctosorediata Sparrius Pyxine subcinerea Stirt.
Cryptothecia scripta G.Thor Sculptolumina japonica (Tuck.)Marbach
Cryptothecia verruciminuta Makhija & Patw. Sculptolumina serotina (Malme) Marbach
Herpothallon fertile Aptroot & Lücking Stigmatochroma metaleptodes (Nyl.) Marbach
Herpothallon granulare (Sipman) Aptroot & Lücking
Herpothallon philippinum (Vain.) Aptroot & Lücking Candelariaceae
Herpothallon roseocinctum (Fr.) Aptroot, Lücking & G.Thor Candelaria crawfordii (Müll.Arg.) P.M.Jørg. & D.J.Galloway
Myriostigma irregulare (Lücking, Aptroot, Kalb & Elix)
Frisch & G.Thor Catillariaceae
Stirtonia isidiata Weerakoon & Aptroot Catillaria leptocheiloides (Nyl.) Zahlbr.
Stirtonia viridis Aptroot, L.I.Ferraro, Sipman & M.Cáceres Catillaria subfuscata (Nyl.) Zahlbr.
Synarthonia karunaratnei (Weerakoon & Aptroot) Van den
Broeck & Ertz Chrysotrichaceae
Tylophoron moderatum Nyl. Chrysothrix candelaris (L.) J.R.Laundon
Baeomycetaceae Cladoniaceae
Baeomyces rufus (Huds.) Rebent. Cladonia cartilaginea Müll.Arg.
Baeomyces sorediifer Nyl. Cladonia coccifera (L.) Willd.
Cladonia corniculata Ahti & Kashiw.
Brigantieaceae Cladonia didyma (Fée) Vain.
Brigantiaea leucoxantha (Spreng.) R.Sant. & Hafellner Cladonia fruticulosa Kremp.
Cladonia homchantarae Ahti & Parnmen
Caliciaceae Cladonia humilis (With.) J.R.Laundon
Amandinea efflorescens (Müll.Arg.) Marbach Cladonia kurokawae Ahti & S.Stenroos
Amandinea punctata (Hoffm.) Coppins & Scheid. Cladonia macilenta Hoffm.
Buellia badia (Fr.) A.Massal. Cladonia mauritiana Ahti & J.C.David
Buellia ceylanensis Zahlbr. Cladonia mongkolsukii Parnmen & Ahti
Buellia geophila (Flörke ex Sommerf.) Lynge Cladonia ochrochlora Flörke
Buellia morehensis Kr.P.Singh & S.R.Singh Cladonia phyllopoda (Vain.) S.Stenroos
Buellia pusillula (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Cladonia singhii Ahti & P.K.Dixit
Buellia subdisciformis (Leight.) Jatta Cladonia squamosa (Scop.) Hoffm.
Buellia tincta Steiner ex H.Magn. Cladonia subdelicatula Vain. ex Asahina
Calicium lenticulare Ach. Cladonia submultiformis Asahina
Cratiria lauri-cassiae (Fée) Marbach Cladonia subradiata (Vain.) Sandst.
Cratiria obscurior (Stirt.) Marbach & Kalb Cladonia subsquamosa Kremp.
Cratiria rutilans Marbach
Dirinaria africana (Müll.Arg.) D.D.Awasthi Coccocarpiaceae
Dirinaria applanata (Fée) D.D.Awasthi Coccocarpia erythroxyli (Spreng.) Swinscow & Krog
215
Coccocarpia molybdaea Pers. Graphidaceae
Coccocarpia palmicola (Spreng.) Arv. & D.J.Galloway Acanthothecis aurantiacodiscus Weerakoon, Lücking &
Coccocarpia pellita (Ach.) Müll.Arg. Lumbsch
Coccocarpia rottleri (Ach.) Arvidss. Allographa striatula (Ach.) Lücking & Kalb
Coccocarpia smaragdina Pers. Ampliotrema auratum (Tuck.) Kalb
Coccocarpia stellata Tuck. Asteristion platycarpoides (Tuck.) I.Medeiros, Lücking &
Lumbsch
Coccotremataceae Asteristion platycarpum (Tuck.) I.Medeiros, Lücking &
Coccotrema cucurbitula (Mont.) Müll.Arg. Lumbsch
Gyalectaria gyalectoides (Vězda) I.Schmitt, Kalb & Astrochapsa astroidea (Berk. & Broome) Parnmen, Lücking
Lumbsch & Lumbsch
Astrochapsa magnifica (Berk. & Broome) Parnmen,
Coenogoniaceae Lücking & Lumbsch
Coenogonium cancellatum Leight. Astrochapsa pulvereodiscus (Hale) Parnmen, Lücking &
Coenogonium implexum Nyl. Lumbsch
Coenogonium isidiatum (G.Thor & Vězda) Lücking, Aptroot Astrochapsa waasii (Hale) Parnmen, Lücking & Lumbsch
& Sipman Astrochapsa wolseleyana (Weerakoon, Lumbsch &
Coenogonium leprieurii (Mont.) Nyl. Lücking) Parnmen, Lücking & Lumbsch
Coenogonium linkii Ehrenb. Austrotrema terebrans (Nyl.) I.Medeiros, Lücking &
Coenogonium luteum (Dicks.) Kalb & Lücking Lumbsch
Coenogonium nepalense (G.Thor & Vězda) Lücking, Carbacanthographis marcescens (Fée) Staiger & Kalb
Aptroot & Sipman Chapsa alborosella (Nyl.) Frisch
Coenogonium retistriatum Leight. Chapsa imperfecta (Hale) Rivas Plata & Mangold
Coenogonium roumeguerianum (Müll.Arg.) Kalb Chapsa isidiata Weerakoon, Lücking & Lumbsch
Coenogonium subluteum (Rehm) Kalb & Lücking Chapsa patens (Nyl.) Frisch
Chapsa pulchella Wijey., Lücking & Lumbsch
Collemataceae Chapsa scabiomarginata (Hale) Rivas Plata & Lücking
Collema actinoptychum Nyl. Chapsa thambapanni Weerakoon, Jayalal & Lücking
Collema coilocarpum (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr. Chapsa wijeyaratniana Weerakoon, Lumbsch & Lücking
Collema conglomeratum var. crassiusculum (Malme) Chroodiscus coccineus (Leight.) Müll.Arg.
Degel. Clandestinotrema leucomelanum (Nyl.) Rivas Plata,
Collema leptaleum var. biliosum (Mont.) Degel. Lücking & Lumbsch
Collema nigrescens (Huds.) DC. Clandestinotrema melanotrematum (Hale) Rivas Plata,
Collema pulchellum var. subnigrescens (Müll.Arg.) Degel. Lücking & Lumbsch
Collema rugosum Kremp. Clandestinotrema protoalbum (Hale) Rivas Plata, Lücking
Collema subflaccidum Degel. & Lumbsch
Leptogium asiaticum P.M.Jørg. Clandestinotrema stylothecium (Vain.) Rivas Plata, Lücking
Leptogium austroamericanum (Malme) C.W.Dodge & Lumbsch
Leptogium azureum (Sw.) Mont. Clandestinotrema tenue (Hale) Rivas Plata, Lücking &
Leptogium burnetiae C.W.Dodge Lumbsch
Leptogium callithamnium (Taylor) Nyl. Diorygma erythrellum (Mont. & Bosch) Kalb, Staiger & Elix
Leptogium chloromelum (Ach.) Nyl. Diorygma junghuhnii (Mont. & Bosch) Kalb, Staiger & Elix
Leptogium cochleatum (Dicks.) P.M.Jørg. & P.James Diorygma poitaei (Fée) Kalb, Staiger & Elix
Leptogium cyanescens (Rabenh.) Körb. Diploschistes gypsaceus (Ach.) Zahlbr.
Leptogium hibernicum M.E.Mitch. ex P.M.Jørg. Diploschistes muscorum (Scop.) R.Sant.
Leptogium marginellum (Sw.) Gray Diploschistes rampoddensis (Nyl.) Zahlbr.
Leptogium milligranum Sierk Diploschistes scruposus (Schreb.) Norman
Leptogium phyllocarpum (Pers.) Mont. Dyplolabia afzelii (Ach.) A.Massal.
Leptogium pichneum (Ach.) Nyl. Fibrillithecis argentea (Müll.Arg.) Rivas Plata & Lücking
Leptogium saturninum (Dicks.) Nyl. Fibrillithecis gibbosa (H.Magn.) Rivas Plata & Lücking
Leptogium streimannii Verdon Fibrillithecis platyspora (Harm.) Frisch
Leptogium trichophorum Müll.Arg. Fissurina cingalina (Nyl.) Staiger
Rostania callibotrys (Tuck.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin Fissurina furfuracea (Leight.) A.W.Archer
Scytinium kauaiense (H.Magn.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin Fissurina lumbschiana Weerakoon, Jayalal & Lücking
Fissurina simulans (Leight.) A.W.Archer
Gomphillaceae Fissurina srilankensis Weerakoon, Wijey. & Lücking
Bullatina aspidota (Vain.) Vězda & Poelt Fissurina tuberculifera Weerakoon, Jayalal & Lücking
Echinoplaca pellicula (Müll.Arg.) R.Sant. Glaucotrema costaricense (Müll.Arg.) Rivas Plata & Lumbsch
216
Glaucotrema glaucophaenum (Kremp.) Rivas Plata & Lumbsch Myriotrema terebratulum (Nyl.) Hale
Glyphis scyphulifera (Ach.) Staiger Myriotrema thwaitesii Hale
Glyphis substriatula (Nyl.) Staiger Nadvornikia hawaiensis (Tuck.) Tibell
Glyphis cicatricosa Ach. Nitidochapsa aggregata (Hale) Poengs., Lücking &
Graphis allugallenensis Weerakoon, Wijey. & Lücking Lumbsch
Graphis anguilliformis Taylor Nitidochapsa leprieurii (Mont.) Parnmen, Lücking &
Graphis assimilis Nyl. Lumbsch
Graphis ceylanica Zahlbr. Nitidochapsa stictoides (Leight.) Tehler, Lücking &
Graphis conglomerata Spreng. Lumbsch
Graphis dotalugalensis Weerakoon, Wijey. & Rivas Plata Ocellularia albocincta (Hale) Divakar & Mangold
Graphis dupaxana Vain. Ocellularia albomaculata Hale
Graphis intricata Fée Ocellularia andamanica (Nyl.) Tat. Matsumoto & Deguchi
Graphis irradians Nyl. Ocellularia aptrootiana Weerakoon, Lücking & Lumbsch
Graphis knucklensis Weerakoon, Wijey. & Wolseley Ocellularia arachchigei Weerakoon, Lücking & Lumbsch
Graphis leprographa Nyl. Ocellularia ascidioidea Hale
Graphis mahaeliyensis Weerakoon, Jayalal & Lücking Ocellularia balangoda Weerakoon, Lücking & Lumbsch
Graphis nematoides Leight. Ocellularia chonestoma (Leight.) Zahlbr.
Graphis nigroglauca Leight. Ocellularia cloonanii Weerakoon, Lücking & Lumbsch
Graphis scripta (L.) Ach. Ocellularia diacida Hale
Graphis subtenella Müll.Arg. Ocellularia dolichotata (Nyl.) Zahlbr.
Graphis subvirginea Nyl. Ocellularia eumorpha (Stirt.) Hale
Graphis tenella Ach. Ocellularia exanthismocarpa (Leight.) Zahlbr.
Halegrapha masoniana Weerakoon, Lücking & Lumbsch Ocellularia exuta Hale
Hemithecium balbisii (Fée) Trevis. Ocellularia kanneliyensis Hale
Hemithecium chlorocarpum (Fée) Trevis. Ocellularia keralensis Patw. & C.R.Kulk. ex Hale
Leiorreuma convariatum (Kremp.) A.W.Archer Ocellularia masonhalei (Patw. & C.R.Kulk.) Lücking
Leiorreuma melanostalazans (Leight.) A.W.Archer Ocellularia massalongoi (Mont.) Hale
Leucodecton anamalaiense (Patw. & C.R.Kulk.) Rivas Plata Ocellularia microstoma (Müll.Arg.) Hale
& Lücking Ocellularia monosporoides (Nyl.) Hale
Leucodecton canescens Weerakoon, Lücking & Lumbsch Ocellularia neocavata Hale
Leucodecton elachistoteron (Leight.) Frisch Ocellularia neopertusariiformis Hale
Leucodecton fissurinum (Hale) Frisch Ocellularia nureliya (Hale) Patw., Sethy & Nagarkar
Leucodecton fuscomarginatum Weerakoon, Lücking & Ocellularia nylanderiana Hale
Lumbsch Ocellularia orthomastia (Kremp.) Zahlbr.
Leucodecton glaucescens (Nyl.) Frisch Ocellularia papillata (Leight.) Zahlbr.
Leucodecton nuwarense (Hale) Frisch Ocellularia perforata (Leight.) Müll.Arg.
Melanotrema lirelliforme (Tuck.) Frisch Ocellularia pertusariiformis (Leight.) Zahlbr.
Melanotrema meiospermoides (Hale) Frisch Ocellularia pluripora Hale
Melanotrema meiospermum (Nyl.) Frisch Ocellularia punctulata (Leight.) Zahlbr.
Myriotrema cinereoglaucescens (Vain.) Hale Ocellularia pyrenuloides Zahlbr.
Myriotrema clandestinum (Fée) Hale Ocellularia rassagala Hale
Myriotrema compunctum (Ach.) Hale Ocellularia ratnapurensis Weerakoon, Lücking & Lumbsch
Myriotrema decorticatum Hale Ocellularia raveniana Weerakoon, Lücking & Lumbsch
Myriotrema eminens (Hale) Hale Ocellularia rhicnopora Hale
Myriotrema fluorescens Hale Ocellularia sticticans Hale
Myriotrema frondosum Hale Ocellularia subsimilis (Hale) Hale
Myriotrema granulosum (Leight.) Hale Ocellularia thelotremoides (Leight.) Zahlbr.
Myriotrema hartii (Müll.Arg.) Hale Ocellularia triglyphica (Kremp.) Zahlbr.
Myriotrema mastarion Hale Pallidogramme chlorocarpoides (Nyl.) Staiger, Kalb &
Myriotrema microporum (Mont.) Hale Lücking
Myriotrema minutulum (Hale) Hale Pallidogramme chrysenterodes (Nyl.) Kr.P.Singh &
Myriotrema minutum (Hale) Hale Swarnal.
Myriotrema multicavum Hale Pallidogramme chrysenteron (Mont.) Staiger, Kalb &
Myriotrema olivaceum Fée Lücking
Myriotrema polytretum Hale Phaeographina caesiopruinosa (Fée) Müll.Arg.
Myriotrema porinaceum (Müll.Arg.) Hale Phaeographina chrysentera (Mont.) Müll.Arg.
Myriotrema rugiferum (Harm.) Hale Phaeographina contexta (Pers.) Müll.Arg.
Myriotrema subconforme (Nyl.) Hale Phaeographis aulaxerpeta (Leight.) Müll.Arg.
217
Phaeographis caesioradians (Leight.) A.W.Archer Thelotrema dissultum Hale
Phaeographis ceylonensis (Kr.P.Singh & D.D.Awasthi) Thelotrema heladivense Weerakoon, Jayalal & Lücking
Kr.P.Singh & Swarnal. Thelotrema kamatii (Patw. & C.R.Kulk.) Hale
Phaeographis dendritica (Ach.) Müll.Arg. Thelotrema lacteum Kremp.
Phaeographis dividens (Nyl.) Kr.P.Singh & Swarnal. Thelotrema lepadinum (Ach.) Ach.
Phaeographis leprieurii (Mont.) Staiger Thelotrema leprocarpoides Hale
Phaeographis subdividens (Leight.) Müll.Arg. Thelotrema minisporum Wijey., Lücking & Lumbsch
Phaeographis subinusta (Leight.) Müll.Arg. Thelotrema monosporum Nyl.
Phaeographis submarcescens (Leight.) Zahlbr. Thelotrema nostalgicum G.Salisb.
Phaeotrema disciforme (Leight.) Hale Thelotrema pidurutalagalum Hale
Phaeotrema erumpens (Leight.) R.Sant. Thelotrema piluliferum Tuck.
Platygramme colubrosa (Nyl.) Staiger Thelotrema porinoides Mont. & Bosch
Platythecium dimorphodes (Nyl.) Staiger Thelotrema pseudosimilans Weerakoon, Wijey. &
Platythecium leiogramma (Nyl.) Staiger Lumbsch
Platythecium pyrrhochroum (Mont. & Bosch) Z.F.Jia & Thelotrema weberi Hale
Lücking Topeliopsis novae-zelandiae (Szatala) Lumbsch & Mangold
Platythecium sripadakandense Weerakoon, Lücking & Topeliopsis subtuberculifera Weerakoon, Jayalal & Lücking
Lumbsch Wirthiotrema desquamans (Müll.Arg.) Lücking
Pseudochapsa dilatata (Müll.Arg.) Parnmen, Lücking & Wirthiotrema glaucopallens (Nyl.) Rivas Plata & Kalb
Lumbsch Wirthiotrema santessonii (Hale) Rivas Plata & Frisch
Pseudochapsa phlyctidioides (Müll.Arg.) Parnmen, Lücking
& Lumbsch, Gyalectaceae
Pseudochapsa pseudoexanthismocarpa (Patw. & C.R.Kulk.) Cryptolechia caudata Kalb
Parnmen, Lücking & Lumbsch Cryptolechia plurilocularis (Vain.) D.Hawksw. & Dibben
Pseudochapsa subpatens (Hale) Parnmen, Lücking & Gyalecta effervescens Nyl.
Lumbsch
Reimnitzia santensis (Tuck.) Kalb Haematommataceae
Rhabdodiscus albodenticulatus Weerakoon, Lücking & Haematomma accolens (Stirt.) Hillmann
Lumbsch Haematomma flexuosum Hillmann
Rhabdodiscus crassus (Müll.Arg.) Frisch Haematomma puniceum (Ach.) A.Massal.
Rhabdodiscus emersus (Kremp.) Rivas Plata, Lücking &
Lumbsch Hygrophoraceae
Rhabdodiscus isidiatus Weerakoon, Lücking & Lumbsch Cora palaeotropica Weerakoon, Aptroot & Lücking
Rhabdodiscus lankaensis (Hale) Lücking Dictyonema thelephora (Spreng.) Zahlbr.
Rhabdodiscus marivelensis (Vain.) Rivas Plata, Lücking &
Lumbsch Hymeneliaceae
Rhabdodiscus parnmenianus Weerakoon, Lücking & Ionaspis lacustris (With.) Lutzoni
Lumbsch
Sanguinotrema wightii (Taylor) Lücking Icmadophilaceae
Sarcographa dendroides (Leight.) Luch & Lücking Dibaeis sorediata Kalb & Gierl
Sarcographa feei (C.F.W. Meissn.) Müll.Arg. Siphula decumbens Nyl.
Sarcographa glyphiza (Nyl.) Kr.P.Singh & G.P. Sinha
Sarcographa heteroclita (Mont.) Zahlbr. Lecanographaceae
Sarcographa intricans (Nyl.) Müll.Arg. Alyxoria varia (Pers.) Ertz & Tehler
Sarcographa labyrinthica (Ach.) Müll.Arg. Heterocyphelium leucampyx (Tuck.) Vain.
Sarcographa megistocarpa (Leight.) M.Cáceres & Lücking Zwackhia robusta (Vain.) Ertz
Sarcographa subtricosa var. subtricosa (Leight.) Müll.Arg. Zwackhia viridis (Ach.) Poetsch & Schied.
Sarcographa subtorquescens (Nyl.) Zahlbr.
Sarcographa tricosa (Ach.) Müll.Arg. Lecanoraceae
Sarcographina torquescens (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Lecanora chlarotera Nyl.
Schistophoron muriforme Weerakoon & Aptroot Lecanora ecoronata Vain.
Stegobolus croceoporus (Hale) Frisch Lecanora fimbriatula Stirt.
Stegobolus fissus (Müll.Arg.) Frisch Lecanora flavoviridis Kremp.
Stegobolus polillensis (Vain.) Frisch Lecanora helva Stizenb.
Thalloloma pedespulli Weerakoon, Lücking & Lumbsch Lecanora leproplaca Zahlbr.
Thecaria quassiicola Fée Lecanora leprosa Fée
Thelotrema colobicum Nyl. Lecanora novae-hollandiae Lumbsch
Thelotrema depressum Mont. Lecanora pseudistera Nyl.
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Lecanora subimmersa (Fée) Vain. Malmidea subgranifera (Kalb & Elix) Kalb & Elix,
Lecanora tropica Zahlbr. Malmidea vinosa (Eschw.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch
Lecidella enteroleucella (Nyl.) Hertel Sprucidea penicillata (Aptroot, M.Cáceres, Lücking &
Vainionora flavovirens (Fée) Kalb Sparrius) M.Cáceres, Aptroot & Lücking
Letrouitiaceae Megalosporaceae
Letrouitia parabola (Nyl.) R.Sant. & Hafellner Megalospora sulphurata Meyen
Letrouitia subvulpina (Nyl.) Hafellner Megalospora tuberculosa (Fée) Sipman
Letrouitia transgressa (Malme) Hafellner & Bellem.
Letrouitia vulpina (Tuck.) Hafellner & Bellem. Megasporaceae
Lobothallia alphoplaca (Wahlenb.) Hafellner
Lichinaceae
Psorophorus pholidotus (Mont.) Müll.Arg. Monoblastiaceae
Anisomeridium albisedum (Nyl.) R.C.Harris
Lobariaceae Anisomeridium anisolobum (Müll.Arg.) Aptroot
Dendriscosticta platyphylloides (Nyl.) Moncada & Lücking Anisomeridium palavanum (Vain.) R.C.Harris
Lobaria discolor (Bory) Hue Anisomeridium polycarpum (Müll.Arg.) R.C.Harris
Lobaria retigera (Bory) Trevis. Anisomeridium subnexum (Nyl.) R.C.Harris
Lobaria virens (With.) J.R.Laundon Anisomeridium subprostans (Nyl.) R.C.Harris
Pseudocyphellaria argyracea (Delise) Vain. Anisomeridium subtruncatum Aptroot
Pseudocyphellaria aurata (Ach.) Vain. Anisomeridium tamarindi (Fée) R.C.Harris
Pseudocyphellaria beccarii (Kremp.) D.J.Galloway Megalotremis biocellata Aptroot
Pseudocyphellaria ceylonensis H.Magn. Megalotremis cauliflora Aptroot, Sérus. & Lücking
Pseudocyphellaria crocata (L.) Vain. Megalotremis cylindrica Weerakoon & Aptroot
Pseudocyphellaria desfontainii (Delise) Vain. Megalotremis lateralis Aptroot
Pseudocyphellaria intricata (Delise) Vain. Megalotremis pustulata Aptroot
Pseudocyphellaria junghuhniana (Müll.Arg.) D.D.Awasthi Monoblastia pellucida Aptroot
Pseudocyphellaria quercifolia (Tayl.) Vain. Trypetheliopsis gigas (Zahlbr.) Aptroot
Sticta boschiana Mont. & Bosch Trypetheliopsis hirsuta Weerakoon, Arachchige & Aptroot
Sticta fuliginosa (Dicks.) Ach.
Sticta limbata (Sm.) Ach. Mycocaliciaceae
Sticta marginifera Mont. Phaeocalicium curtisii (Tuck.) Tibell
Sticta quercifolia Taylor
Sticta weigelii var. weigelii (Ach.) Vainio Mycoporaceae
Mycoporum eschweileri (Müll.Arg.) R.C.Harris
Malmideaceae Mycoporum lacteum (Ach.) R.C.Harris
Bacidina medialis (Tuck. ex Nyl.) Kistenich, Timdal,
Bendiksby & S.Ekman Mycosphaerellaceae
Malmidea aurigera (Fée) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch Stigmidium allogenum (Nyl.) D.Hawksw.
Malmidea badimioides (M.Cáceres & Lücking) M.Cáceres
& Kalb Nephromataceae
Malmidea bakeri (Vain.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch Nephroma helveticum Ach.
Malmidea ceylanica (Zahlbr.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch
Malmidea duplomarginata (Papong & Kalb) Kalb & Papong Ochrolechiaceae
Malmidea eeuuae Kalb Ochrolechia africana Vain.
Malmidea fellhaneroides (Lücking) Kalb & Lücking Ochrolechia tartarea (L.) A.Massal.
Malmidea fuscella (Müll.Arg.) Kalb & Lücking Varicellaria velata (Turner) I.Schmitt & Lumbsch
Malmidea granifera (Ach.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch
Malmidea gyalectoides (Vain.) Kalb & Lücking Opegraphaceae
Malmidea hypomelaena (Nyl.) Kalb & Lücking Cresponea flava (Vain.) Egea & Torrente
Malmidea leptoloma (Müll.Arg.) Kalb & Lücking Cresponea plurilocularis (Nyl.) Egea & Torrente
Malmidea papillosa Weerakoon & Aptroot Cresponea proximata (Nyl.) Egea & Torrente
Malmidea piae (Kalb) Kalb Opegrapha leptoterodes Nyl.
Malmidea piperis (Spreng.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch Opegrapha subvulgata Nyl.
Malmidea plicata Weerakoon & Aptroot Sclerophyton elegans Eschw.
Malmidea sanguineostigma Weerakoon & Aptroot
Malmidea sorsogona (Vain.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch Pannariaceae
Malmidea subaurigera (Vain.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch Erioderma sorediatum D.J.Galloway & P.M.Jørg
219
Fuscopannaria crystallifera (P.M.Jørg.) Magain & Sérus. & I.Schmitt
Fuscopannaria coerulescens P.M.Jørg. Parmelia amphithrix (Hale)
Fuscopannaria dissecta P.M.Jørg Parmelina tiliacea (Hoffm.) Hale
Fuscopannaria leucosticta (Tuck.) P.M.Jørg. Parmelinella simplicior (Hale) Elix & Hale
Fuscopannaria siamensis P.M.Jørg. & Wolseley Parmelinella wallichiana (Taylor) Elix & Hale
Leightoniella zeylanensis (Leight.) Henssen Parmelinopsis horrescens (Taylor) Elix & Hale
Leioderma sorediatum D.J.Galloway & P.M.Jørg. Parmelinopsis minarum (Vain.) Elix & Hale
Lepidocollema brisbanense (C. Knight) P.M.Jørg. Parmelinopsis spumosa (Asahina) Elix & Hale
Lepidocollema leiostroma (Nyl.) P.M.Jørg. Parmotrema abessinicum (Nyl. ex Kremp.) Hale
Lepidocollema marianum (Fr.) P.M.Jørg. Parmotrema austrosinense (Zahlbr.) Hale
Lepidocollema stylophorum (Vain.) P.M.Jørg. Parmotrema andinum (Müll.Arg.) Hale
Parmeliella nigrocincta (Mont.) Müll.Arg. Parmotrema cetratum (Ach.) Hale
Physma byrsaeum (Ach.) Tuck. Parmotrema clavuliferum (Räsänen) Streimann
Psoroma pholidotum (Mont.) Müll.Arg. Parmotrema cooperi (J.Steiner & Zahlbr.) Sérus.
Psoroma sphinctrinum (Mont.) Nyl. Parmotrema crinitum (Ach.) M.Choisy
Parmotrema cristiferum (Taylor) Hale
Parmeliaceae Parmotrema durumae (Krog & Swinscow) Krog &
Anzia flavotenuis Jayalal, Wolseley & Aptroot Swinscow
Anzia mahaeliyensis Jayalal, Wolseley & Aptroot Parmotrema eunetum (Stirt.) hale
Bulbothrix bulbochaeta (Hale) Hale Parmotrema grayanum (Hue) Hale
Bulbothrix goebelii (Zenker) Hale Parmotrema hababiana Gyeln.
Bulbothrix hypocraea (Vain.) Hale Parmotrema latissimum (Fée) Hale
Bulbothrix isidiza (Nyl.) Hale Parmotrema lobulascens (J.Steiner) Hale
Bulbothrix meizospora (Nyl.) Hale Parmotrema mellissii (C.W.Dodge) Hale
Bulbothrix sensibilis (J.Steiner & Zahlbr.) Hale Parmotrema nilgherrense (Nyl.) Hale
Bulbothrix setschwanensis (Zahlbr.) Hale Parmotrema perlatum (Huds.) M.Choisy
Bulbothrix tabacina (Mont. & Bosch) Hale Parmotrema poolii (C.W.Dodge) Krog & Swinscow
Canomaculina subtinctoria (Zahlbr.) Elix Parmotrema praesorediosum (Nyl.) Hale
Canoparmelia owariensis (Asahina) Elix Parmotrema rampoddense (Nyl.) Hale
Canoparmelia texana (Tuck.) Elix & Hale Parmotrema reticulatum (Taylor) M.Choisy
Cetrelia olivetorum (Nyl.) W.L.Culb. & C.F.Culb. Parmotrema sancti-angelii (Lynge) Hale
Crespoa carneopruinata (Zahlbr.) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. Parmotrema stenopteris (Kurok.) D.D.Awasthi
Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale Parmotrema tinctorum (Despr. ex Nyl.) Hale
Flavopunctelia flaventior (Stirt.) Hale Parmotrema uberrimum (Hue) Hale
Hypogymnia fragillima (Hillmann ex Sato) Rass. Parmotrema ultralucens (Krog) Hale
Hypogymnia pseudobitteriana (D.D.Awasthi) D.D.Awasthi Parmotrema zollingeri (Hepp) Hale
Hypogymnia zeylanica (R. Sant.) D.D.Awasthi & Kr.P.Singh Protoparmelia megalosporoides Weerakoon & Aptroot
Hypotrachyna americana (Meyen & Flot.) Divakar, Relicina amphithrix Hale
A.Crespo, Sipman, Elix & Lumbsch Relicina dahlii (Hale) Kirika, Divakar & Lumbsch
Hypotrachyna brevirhiza (Kurok.) Hale Relicina intertexta (Mont. & Bosch) Kirika, Divakar &
Hypotrachyna cirrhata (Fr.) Divakar, A.Crespo, Sipman, Elix Lumbsch
& Lumbsch Relicina malaccensis (Nyl.) Kirika, Divakar & Lumbsch
Hypotrachyna endochlora (Leight.) Hale Relicina relicinula (Müll.Arg.) Hale
Hypotrachyna exsecta (Taylor) Hale Relicina subconnivens Hale
Hypotrachyna infirma (Kurok.) Hale Relicina sublanea (Kurok.) Hale
Hypotrachyna laevigata (Sm.) Hale, Relicinopsis dahlii (Hale) Elix & Verdon
Hypotrachyna osseoalba (Vain.) Y.S.Park & Hale Relicinopsis malaccensis (Nyl.) Elix & Verdon
Hypotrachyna physcioidea (Nyl.) Hale Remototrachyna awasthii (Hale & Patw.) Divakar &
Hypotrachyna pseudosinuosa (Asahina) Hale A.Crespo
Hypotrachyna revoluta (Flörke) Hale Remototrachyna costaricensis (Nyl.) Divakar, Lumbsch,
Hypotrachyna rockii (Zahlbr.) Hale Ferencová, Prado & A.Crespo
Myelochroa aurulenta (Tuck.) Elix & Hale Remototrachyna rigidula (Kurok.) Divakar & A.Crespo
Myelochroa denegans (Nyl.) Elix & Hale Usnea bismolliuscula Zahlbr.
Myelochroa perisidians (Nyl.) Elix & Hale Usnea complanata (Müll.Arg.) Motyka
Myelochroa subaurulenta (Nyl.) Elix & Hale Usnea cornuta Körb.
Neoprotoparmelia isidiata (Diederich, Aptroot & Sérus.) Usnea lucea Motyka
Garima Singh, Lumbsch & I.Schmitt Usnea pangiana Stirt.
Neoprotoparmelia multifera (Nyl.) Garima Singh, Lumbsch Usnea rigidula (Stirt.) G.Awasthi
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Usnea steineri Zahlbr. Heterodermia incana (Stirt.) D.D.Awasthi
Usnea vegae Motyka Heterodermia isidiophora (Nyl.) D.D.Awasthi
Xanthoparmelia conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Hale Heterodermia obscurata (Nyl.) Trevis.
Heterodermia pellucida (D.D.Awasthi) D.D.Awasthi
Patellariaceae Heterodermia podocarpa (Bél.) D.D.Awasthi
Patellaria stirtonii (Zahlbr.) Ertz Heterodermia pseudospeciosa (Kurok.) W.L.Culb.
Heterodermia queensberryi Weerakoon & Aptroot
Peltulaceae Heterodermia reagens (Kurok.) Elix
Peltula euploca (Ach.) Poelt ex Pišút Heterodermia rubrotricha Weerakoon & Aptroot
Peltula rodriguesii (Cromb.) Büdel Heterodermia speciosa (Wulfen) Trevis.
Peltula placodizans (Zahlbr.) Wetmore Hyperphyscia adglutinata (Flörke) H.Mayrhofer & Poelt
Leucodermia circinalis (Zahlbr.) Kalb
Pertusariaceae Leucodermia leucomelos (L.) Kalb
Lepra commutata (Müll.Arg.) Lendemer & R.C.Harris Phaeophyscia hispidula (Ach.) Essl.
Lepra tropica (Vain.) Lendemer & R.C.Harris Physcia alba (Fée) Müll.Arg.
Lepra truncata (Kremp.) A.W.Archer & Elix Physcia atrostriata Moberg
Pertusaria ceylonica Müll.Arg. Physcia dimidiata (Arnold) Nyl.
Pertusaria granulata (Ach.) Müll.Arg. Physcia erumpens Moberg
Pertusaria impressula Müll.Arg. Physcia integrata Nyl.
Pertusaria lacerans Müll.Arg. Physcia krogiae Moberg
Pertusaria leucosorodes Nyl. Physcia poncinsii Hue
Pertusaria melastomella Nyl. Physcia sorediosa (Vain.) Lynge
Pertusaria mesotropa Müll.Arg. Physcia stellaris (L.) Nyl.
Pertusaria nigrata Kremp. Physcia verrucosa Moberg
Pertusaria pertusa (L.) Tuck. Polyblastidium appendiculatum (Kurok.) Kalb
Pertusaria porinella Nyl. Polyblastidium hypoleucum (Ach.) Kalb
Pertusaria pseudococcodes Müll.Arg. Polyblastidium japonicum (M.Satô) Kalb
Pertusaria quassiae (Fée) Nyl. Polyblastidium magellanicum (Zahlbr.) Kalb
Pertusaria subdepressa Müll.Arg. Polyblastidium microphyllum (Kurok.) Kalb
Pertusaria subradians Müll.Arg. Polyblastidium propaguliferum (Vain.) Kalb
Pertusaria substerescens Zahlbr Polyblastidium violostriatum (Elix) Kalb
Pertusaria tetrathalamia (Fée) Nyl. Rinodina exigua (Ach.) Gray
Pertusaria thwaitesii Müll.Arg.
Pilocarpaceae
Phlyctidaceae Byssoloma subdiscordans (Nyl.) P.James
Phlyctis brasiliensis Nyl. Calopadia fusca (Müll.Arg.) Vězda
Phlyctis himalayensis (Nyl.) D.D.Awasthi Calopadia puiggarii (Müll.Arg.) Vězda
Phlyctis lueckingii Weerakoon & Aptroot Fellhanera stipitata Weerakoon & Aptroot
Phlyctis monosperma S.Joshi & Upreti Micarea corallothallina M.Cáceres, D.A.Mota & Aptroot
Micarea peliocarpa (Anzi) Coppins & R.Sant.
Physciaceae Septotrapelia glauca Aptroot & Chaves
Anaptychia flabellata (Fée) A.Massal. Sporopodium phyllocharis (Mont.) A.Massal.
Anaptychia pellucida D.D.Awasthi
Hafellia curatellae (Malme) Marbach Placynthiaceae
Hafellia parastata (Nyl.) Kalb Polychidium dendriscum (Nyl.) Henssen
Heterodermia albicans (Pers.) Swinscow & Krog
Heterodermia antillarum (Vain.) Swinscow & Krog Porinaceae
Heterodermia barbifera (Nyl.) Kr.P.Singh Myeloconis erumpens P.M.McCarthy & Elix
Heterodermia comosa (Eschw.) Follmann & Redón Myeloconis fecunda P.M.McCarthy & Elix
Heterodermia corcovadensis (Kurok.) Elix Porina africana Müll.Arg.
Heterodermia dactyliza (Nyl.) Swinscow & Krog Porina americana Fée
Heterodermia diademata (Taylor) D.D.Awasthi Porina bellendenica Müll.Arg.
Heterodermia firmula (Linds.) Trevis. Porina conspersa Malme
Heterodermia flabellata (Fée) D.D.Awasthi Porina corrugata Müll.Arg.
Heterodermia flavosquamosa Aptroot & Sipman Porina curtula Malme
Heterodermia fragmentata Weerakoon & Aptroot Porina desquamescens Fée
Heterodermia galactophylla (Tuck.) W.L.Culb. Porina dolichophora (Nyl.) Müll.Arg.
Heterodermia hypochraea (Vain.) Swinscow & Krog Porina eminentior (Nyl.) P.M.McCarthy
221
Porina internigrans (Nyl.) Müll.Arg. Pyrenula pyrenuloides (Mont.) R.C.Harris
Porina luteopallens (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Pyrenula quassiicola Fée
Porina mastoidella (Nyl.) Müll.Arg. Pyrenula ravenelii (Tuck.) R.C.Harris
Porina microtriseptata Weerakoon & Aptroot Pyrenula subglabrata (Nyl.) Müll.Arg.
Porina monilisidiata Weerakoon & Aptroot Pyrenula submarginata Vain.
Porina nucula Ach. Pyrenula submastophora Ajay Singh & Upreti
Porina nuculastrum (Müll.Arg.) R.C.Harris Pyrenula thailandica Aptroot
Porina viridipustulata Weerakoon & Aptroot Pyrenula zeylanica Upreti & Ajay Singh
Pyrenulacaea Ramalinaceae
Lithothelium obtectum (Müll.Arg.) Aptroot Bacidia laurocerasi (Delise ex Duby) Zahlbr.
Anthracothecium interlatens (Nyl.) Aptroot Bacidia millegrana (Taylor) Zahlbr.
Anthracothecium megaspermum Patw. & Makhija Bacidia phaeolomoides (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr.
Anthracothecium thwaitesii (Leight.) Müll.Arg. Bacidia polychroa (Th.Fr.) Körb.
Pleurotrema tarmugliense (Makhija & Patw.) D.D.Awasthi Bacidia spadicea (Ach.) Zahlbr.
Psorotichia commiscens (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Bacidia subannexa (Nyl.) Zahlbr.
Pyrenula acutispora Kalb & Hafellner Bacidia submedialis (Nyl.) Zahlbr.
Pyrenula adacta Fée Bacidiopsora psorina (Nyl.) Kalb
Pyrenula aggregata (Fée) Fée Biatora globulosa (Flörke) Fr.
Pyrenula aggregataspistea Aptroot & M.Cáceres Biatora vernalis (L.) Fr.
Pyrenula anomala (Ach.) Vain. Crustospathula khaoyaiana Kalb & Mongk.
Pyrenula aspistea (Ach.) Ach. Eschatogonia marivelensis (Vain.) Kalb
Pyrenula astroidea (Fée) R.C.Harris Lecania cyrtella (Ach.) Th. Fr.
Pyrenula bahiana Malme Lopezaria versicolor (Flot.) Kalb & Hafellner
Pyrenula breutelii (Müll.Arg.) Aptroot Megalaria intermixta (Nyl.) Kalb
Pyrenula cayennensis Müll.Arg. Phyllopsora borbonica Timdal & Krog
Pyrenula circumfiniens Vain. Phyllopsora breviuscula (Nyl.) Müll.Arg.
Pyrenula columellata Upreti & Ajay Singh Phyllopsora castaneocincta (Hue) Kistenich & Timdal
Pyrenula complanata (Mont.) Trevis. Phyllopsora gossypina (Sw.) Kistenich, Timdal, Bendiksby
Pyrenula crassiuscula (Malme) Aptroot & S.Ekman
Pyrenula cryptothelia (Müll.Arg.) Aptroot & Etayo Phyllopsora halei (Tuck.) Zahlbr
Pyrenula cubana (Müll.Arg.) R.C.Harris Phyllopsora longiuscula (Nyl.) Zahlbr.
Pyrenula decumbens (Müll.Arg.) Upreti Phyllopsora porphyromelaena (Vain.) Zahlbr.
Pyrenula dermatodes (Borrer) Schaer. Phyllopsora pyxinoides (Nyl.) Kistenich, Timdal, Bendiksby
Pyrenula duplicans (Nyl.) Aptroot & S.Ekman
Pyrenula ectypa (Kremp.) Zahlbr. Phyllopsora subhispidula (Nyl.) Kalb & Elix
Pyrenula fetivica (Kremp.) Müll.Arg. Phyllopsora confusa Swinscow & Krog
Pyrenula globifera (Eschw.) Aptroot Phyllopsora corallina (Eschw.) Müll.Arg.
Pyrenula immersa Müll.Arg. Phyllopsora dolichospora Timdal & Krog
Pyrenula inframamillana Aptroot & M.Cáceres Phyllopsora foliata (Stirt.) Zahlbr.
Pyrenula interducta (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Phyllopsora furfuracea (Pers.) Zahlbr.
Pyrenula leucostoma Ach. Phyllopsora kiiensis (Vain.) Gotth.Schneid.
Pyrenula leucotrypa (Nyl.) Upreti Phyllopsora africana Timdal & Krog
Pyrenula mamillana (Ach.) Trevis. Ramalina australiensis Nyl.
Pyrenula massariospora (Starbäck) R.C.Harris Ramalina conduplicans Vain.
Pyrenula media Aptroot Ramalina farinacea (L.) Ach.
Pyrenula micheneri R.C.Harris Ramalina hossei Vain.
Pyrenula microcarpa Müll.Arg. Ramalina inflata (Hook.f. & Taylor) Hook.f. & Taylor
Pyrenula multicolorata Weerakoon & Aptroot Rolfidium peltatum Moberg
Pyrenula nitida (Weigel) Ach.
Pyrenula nitidella (Flörke ex Schaer.) Müll.Arg. Ramboldiaceae
Pyrenula nitidula (Bres.) R.C.Harris Ramboldia haematites (Fée) Kalb, Lumbsch & Elix
Pyrenula ocellulata Wijey., Lücking & Lumbsch Ramboldia russula (Ach.) Kalb, Lumbsch & Elix
Pyrenula ochraceoflava (Nyl.) R.C.Harris
Pyrenula oculata Ajay Singh & Upreti Roccellaceae
Pyrenula parvinuclea (Meyen & Flot.) Aptroot Chiodecton leptosporum Müll.Arg.
Pyrenula pinguis var. pinguis Fée Dichosporidium boschianum (Mont.) G.Thor
Pyrenula platystoma (Müll.Arg.) Aptroot Dirinaria aegialita (Afzel. ex Ach.) B.J.Moore
222
Enterographa mesomela Sparrius, Saipunk. & Wolseley Thelenellaceae
Enterographa multiseptata R.Sant. Julella geminella (Nyl.) R.C.Harris
Enterographa praepallens (Nyl.) Awasthi
Enterographa tropica Sparrius Trapeliaceae
Enterographa wijesundarae Weerakoon & Aptroot Trapelia coarctata (Turner) M.Choisy
Graphidastra multiformis (Mont. & Bosch) G.Thor Trapeliopsis granulosa (Hoffm.) Lumbsch
Lecanactis minutissima Weerakoon & Aptroot
Mazosiacarnea (Eckfeldt) Aptroot & M.Cáceres Trypetheliaceae
Mazosia phyllosema (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Bogoriella conothelena (Nyl.) Aptroot & Lücking
Mazosia viridescens (Fée) Aptroot & M.Cáceres Bogoriella macrocarpa (Komposch, Aptroot & Hafellner)
Pseudoschismatomma rufescens (Pers.) Ertz & Tehler Aptroot & Lücking
Roccella montagnei Bél. Constrictolumina cinchonae (Ach.) Lücking, M.P.Nelsen &
Schismatomma ceylanicum Tehler Aptroot
Schismatomma fractuosum (Leight.) Zahlbr. Constrictolumina majuscula (Nyl.) Lücking, M.P.Nelsen &
Syncesia farinacea (Fée) Tehler Aptroot
Constrictolumina planorbis (Ach.) Lücking, M.P.Nelsen &
Sphaerophoraceae Aptroot
Bunodophoron australe (Laurer) A.Massal. Constrictolumina porospora (Vain.) Lücking, M.P.Nelsen &
Bunodophoron diplotypum (Vain.) Wedin Aptroot
Bunodophoron formosanum (Zahlbr.) Wedin Dictyomeridium amylosporum (Vain.) Aptroot, M.P.Nelsen
Bunodophoron macrocarpum (Ohlsson) Wedin & Lücking
Dictyomeridium proponens (Nyl.) Aptroot, M.P.Nelsen &
Sphinctrinaceae Lücking
Pyrgidium montellicum (Beltr.) Tibell Marcelaria cumingii (Mont.) Aptroot, Nelsen & Parnmen
Nigrovothelium tropicum (Ach.) Lücking, M.P.Nelsen &
Stereocaulaceae Aptroot
Lepraria atrotomentosa Orange & Wolseley Polymeridium jordanii (C.W.Dodge) Aptroot
Lepraria nigrocincta Diederich, Sérus. & Aptroot Polymeridium fernandoi Aptroot & Weerakoon
Lepraria sipmaniana (Kümmerl. & Leuckert) Kukwa Polymeridium inspersum Aptroot
Lepraria pseudoarbuscula (Asahina) Lendemer & B.P.Hodk. Polymeridium quinqueseptatum (Nyl.) R.C.Harris
Stereocaulon foliolosum Nyl. Pseudopyrenula media Aptroot & Diederich
Stereocaulon austroindicum I.M.Lamb Pseudopyrenula subgregaria Müll.Arg.
Stereocaulon leprocephalum Vain. Pseudopyrenula subnudata Müll.Arg.
Trypethelium eluteriae Spreng.
Strigulaceae Trypethelium epileucodes Nyl.
Strigula complanata Mont. Trypethelium subeluteriae Makhija & Patw.
Strigula smaragdula Fr. Trypethelium uberinum Leight.
Strigula maculata (Cooke & Massee) R.Sant. Trypethelium variolosum Ach.
Strigula nemathora Mont.
Strigula nitidula Mont. Umbilicariaceae
Strigula subelegans Vain. Umbilicaria vellea (L.) Ach.
Strigula subtilissima (Fée) Müll.Arg.
Uncertain
Teloschistaceae Platygraphopsis interrupta (Fée) Müll.Arg.
Blastenia crenularia (With.) Arup, Søchting & Frödén
Calogaya lobulata (Flörke) Arup, Frödén & Søchting Verrucariaceae
Caloplaca aphanotripta (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Agonimia pacifica (H. Harada) Diederich
Caloplaca brebissonii (Fée) Zahlbr. Endocarpon pallidulum (Nyl.) Nyl.
Caloplaca camptidia (Tuck.) Zahlbr. Flakea papillata O.E.Erikss.
Caloplaca subdolosa (Nyl.) Zahlbr. Psoroglaena spinosa Weerakoon & Aptroot
Gyalolechia flavovirescens (Wulfen) Søchting, Frödén & Psoroglaena stigonemoides (Orange) Henssen
Arup
Teloschistes flavicans (Sw.) Norman
Tephromelataceae
Tephromela atra (Huds.) Hafellner
223
Anzia Mahaeliyensis Jayalal, Wolseley & Aptroot,
Parmeliaceae
Origin: Endemic
Habitat: Foliose, Corticolous
Place and year: Horton Plains National Park. 2007
Photographed by: Udeni Jayalal
Heterodermia obscurata (Nyl.) Trevis.

Physciaceae
Habitat: Lignicolous
Place and year: Non-Pariel Tea Estate, Balangoda, 2017
Photographed by: R.G.U. Jayalal
Heterodermia queensberryi Weerakoon & Aptroot

Physciaceae
Origin: Endemic
Habitat: Foliose, Corticolous,
Place and year: Dilmah Queensberry tea estate,
Nawalapitiya, 2014
Photographed by: Dushantha Wasala, Gothamie
Weerakoon
Cladonia fruticulosa Kremp.

Cladoniaceae
Habitat: Fruticose, Corticolous,
Place and year: Horton Plains National Park. 2014
Photographed by: Dushantha Wasala, Gothamie
Weerakoon
224
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Nepal and Sri Lanka. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 40:1- Foliicole Flechten aus Sri Lanka. Annalen des
337. Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 99: 737-742.
Awasthi, D. D. (2007). Compendium of the Macrolichens Weerakoon, G., Wolseley P.A., Arachchige, O., da Silva
from India, Nepal and Sri Lanka.1-580. Cáceres, M.E., Jayalal, U. & Aptroot A. (2016). Eight
new lichen species and 88 new records from Sri
Breuss, O. & Brunnbauer, W. (1997). Flechten aus Sri Lanka show that the lichen flora is still incompletely
Lanka. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in known. Cryptogamie, Mycologie 34: 321-328,
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Lanka in der Literatur. Botanische Abteilung, species from Sri Lanka, with a key to the genus
Naturehistorisches Museums Wien, (unpublished Heterodermia in Sri Lanka. Cryptogamie Mycologie
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Hale, M. E. (1980). The lichen genus Relicina Weerakoon, G., Rivas Plata, E., Lücking, R. & Lumbsch.
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Jayalal, U., Wolseley, P.A., Gueidan, C., Wijesundara, Graphidaceae from Horton Plains Sri Lanka. Nova
S. & Karunaratne, V. (2012). Anzia mahaeliyensis Hedwigia. 101:77-88.
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302. Thirteen new species of Graphidaceae (lichenized
Ascomycota: Ostropales) from Sri Lanka. Phytotaxa
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the Pannariaceae (lichenized ascomycetes). The
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Rivas Plata, E., Lücking, R. & Lumbsch, H.T. (2012).
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by G. H. K. Thwaites. Trans. Linn. Soc. London 27: Species and Ten New Records of Trypetheliaceae
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225
A Provisional List of Fungi in Sri Lanka
Nimal Adikaram1,2 and Deepthi Yakandawala2
National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka.

1
Department of Botany, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.

2
Fungi are one of the largest and most widely distributed, but The information gathered on Sri Lankan fungal flora after
lesser studied, groups of eukaryotes on earth. Mycologists 1950 remains scattered. Several handbooks illustrating
estimate the total fungal species to be between 2.2-3.8 the morphology of numerous genera of fungi authored
million on earth (Willis, 2018). Only about 144,000 species by Coomaraswamy (1979; 1981a), Coomaraswamy & De
of fungi have been identified and described. The Kingdom Fonseka (1981b), Coomaraswamy & Kumarasingham (1988)
Fungi is a monophyletic group which implies that all modern were published by in 1970s by the UNESCO MAB National
fungi can be traced back to a single ancestral organism. Committee. These were useful as guides to identification
of fungi or disease diagnosis. Agaric Flora of Sri Lanka by
The present phylogenetic classification of fungi recognizes David N. Pegler provides illustrated descriptions of over
eight phyla within the Kingdom Fungi, Cryptomycota (c.30 330 agarics collected in Ceylon and identified during
spp.), Microsporidia (c.1,250 spp.), Blastocladiomycota (c.220 the latter half of 19th century. The first Checklist of Plant
species), Chytridiomycota (c.980 species), Zoopagomycota Pathogenic fungi and Oomycota in Sri Lanka (Adikaram
(c.900 spp.), Mucoromycota (c.760 spp.), Ascomycota and Yakandawala, 2020) presents 400 pathogenic species
(c.90,000 spp.) and Basidiomycota (c.50,000 spp.) (Willis, recorded after 1950’s. Introduction of molecular tools
2018). Certain groups that were long believed as ‘fungi’ provided new insights to the identification and description
such as Oomycota and Myxomycota, with spore-bearing of fungi, adding new taxa most frequently to the Sri Lankan
structures, are not recognized as fungi that have evolved from fungal flora.
a common ancestor (Willis, 2018). Myxomycota is classified
within the Kingdom Protozoa, while Oomycota members that National resources
produce motile spores and grow as hyphae with cellulose A part of the Agarics collection made during Petch’s time
containing walls are included within the Kingdom Chromista. was sent to Kew Herbarium where they remain deposited.
The remainder of the collection was retained at the
Fungi contribute to a significant part of the Sri Lanka’s Central Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), Gannoruwa
biodiversity. The native fungal flora in Sri Lanka has been (presently the Horticultural Research and Development
conservatively estimated to be around 25,000 species Institute, HORDI). A collection of 412 water-color paintings
(Adikaram, 2004). Fungi have been studied in Sri Lanka made by W. de Alwis are in the herbarium of HORDI. Sri
(formerly Ceylon) since 18th century, most exclusively by Lanka is still to establish a national culture collection or
British Botanist-Mycologists, dating the history of Mycology Herbarium for fungi.
in Ceylon back to 1783.
Fungal checklists
The earliest record of fungi in Ceylon by British is probably Two checklists of fungi in Sri Lanka are included in the
by Houttuyn (1788) under the names Peziza ceyloneche and present manuscript. One of them provides 1,139 species of
Peziza limbosa. Berkeley and Broome (1870, 1871, 1873) fungi associated with plants in Sri Lanka belonging to 422
described 403 species of agarics. From 1905-1925, T. Petch genera and 183 families. Mycosphaerellaceae is the most
collected fungi extensively and published in the Annals of species-rich family containing 107 species. Genus Uredo
the Royal Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya. The outcome of contains most number of species with 56 and Cercospora
these studies was summarized in an annotated list, as the comes next with 45 species. The second checklist brings in
“Fungi of Ceylon” (Petch and Bisby, 1950) which amount to 345 species of Agaric flora belonging to 96 genera known
about 640 genera and 2,182 species. in Sri Lanka.
As an initial step towards conservation and bridging the
Recent progress knowledge gaps on Sri Lankan fungi, the present updating
Since the days of Petch, larger collections of fleshy of the National Red inventories included selected fungal
fungi have not been undertaken in the country. Recent groups. The data provided in the list will be useful in the
identification of 50 macro-fungi, belonging to Ascomycota compilation of fungal biodiversity of Sri Lanka. The checklist
and Basidiomycota, was one of the few studies conducted will, not by any means, be a conclusive list and new records
using a medium scale collection (Ediriweera et al. 2014). will continue to be added regularly in the future.
The approximate number of fungi known to date would be
just over 2,500, including the 2,182 species recorded by
British prior to 1950. Yet over 85% of the estimated 25,000
species remain unknown.
226
Checklist 1 Ascodichaenaceae
Henriquesia ochlandrae Petch
FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH PLANTS IN SRI LANKA
Ascomycota (Family, Incertae sedis)
True fungi (Kingdom - Fungi) Aglaospora aculeata Cooke
Aecidiaceae Cordana musae (Zimm.) Höhn
Aecidium emiliae Petch Denticulria mangiferae (Adikaram, 2020 Unpublished)
Aecidium acanthacearum Cooke Endocalyx thwaitesii Berk. & Broome
Aecidium argyreiae Berk. & Broome Exosporium arecae (Berk. & Broome) Petch
Aecidium breyniae Syd. & P.Syd
Aecidium cassia Bres. Aspergillaceae
Aecidium elaeagni-latifoliae Petch Aspergillus aculeatus Iizuka
Aecidium erythrobasis Berk. & Broom Aspergillus flavus Link.
Aecidium flavidum Berk. & Broome Aspergillus niger van Tieghem
Aecidium formosanum Syd. & P.Syd. Aspergillus tamarii Kita
Aecidium kaernbachii Henn. Penicillium citrinum Sopp
Aecidium luculentum Syd. & P.Syd. Penicillium digitatum Sacc.
Aecidium micranthum Syd. & P.Syd. Penicillium funiculosum Thom.
Aecidium nummulare Berkeley Penicillium incarnatum Berk. & Broome
Aecidium parsonsiae Petch Penicillium italicum Wehmer.
Aecidium petchii Sacc. & Trotter Penicillium purpurrogenum Stoll
Aecidium polyalthiae Petch
Aecidium rhytismoideum Racib. Asterinaceae
Aecidium serpiculae Petch Asterina crustosa Berk. & Cooke
Aecidium vernoniae-cinereae Petch Asterina echinospora Höhn
Aecidium vernoniae-hookerianae Petch Asterina sphaerotheca P.Karst. & Roum.
Aecidium vignae Cooke Asterostomella aberiae Petch
Lembosia pavettae Theiss
Agaricaceae Triposporium gardneri (Berk.) Speg.
Cyathus triplex Lloyd
Lepiota oenopoda Berk. & Broome
Barbatosphaeriaceae
Ceratostomella paradoxa (de Seynes)
Amphisphaeriaceae
Ephelis tripsaci (D.Mulder & Arx) Hern.-Restr. & Crous Bionectriaceae
Gerlachia oryzae (Hashioka & Yokoqi) W.Gams Didymostilbe coffeae Henn.
Pestalotia disseminata Thüm. Mycocitrus hypocrellicola (Henn.) Samuels
Pestalotia lupini Sorauer
Pestalotia mangiferae Henn. Botryosphaeriaceae
Pestalotia parmarum (Cooke) Steyaert Botryodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl.
Pestalotia suffocata Ellis & Everh. Botryodiploidia diospyri Henn.
Pestalotia theae Sawada Botryodiploidia sorghii Henn.
Pestalotia viticola Cavara Botryosphaeria erythrinae Petch
Pestalotiopsis psidii (Pat.) Mordue Botryosphaeria inflate Cooke & Massee
Pestalotiopsis versicolor (Speg.) Steyaert Botryosphaeria microspore Petch
Botryosphaeria theicola Petch
Anthracoideaceae Botryosphaeria vanilla (Stoneman)
Cintractia axicola (Berk.) Cornu Botryosphaeria agaves (Henn.) E.J.Butler
Cintractia leucoderma (Berk.) Henn Dothiorella anonae Petch
Cintractia peribebuyensis (Speg.) Sawada Desmotascus cinnamomi Petch
Farysia emodensis (Berk.) Syd. & P.Syd. Desmotascus cocoes Petch
Farysia olivacea (DC.) Syd. & P.Syd. Desmotascus neglectus Petch
Fusicoccum microspermum Har. & P.Karst.
Apiosporaceae Guignardia camelliae (Cooke) E.J.Butler
Nigrospora oryzae (Berk. & Broome) Petch Guignardia heveae Syd. & P.Syd.
Guignardia musae Racib.
Aplosporellaceae
Guignardia opuntiae Petch
Aplosporella crypta Petch (Syn. Haplosporella crypta Petch.
Lasiodiplodia crassispora T.Burgess & Barber
Aposphaeria heveae Petch
Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl.
227
Macrophoma mantegazziana (Penz.) Berl. & Voglino Chaetothyriaceae
Macrophoma musae (Sacc.) Berl. & Voglino Zukalia rubi Petch
Macrophoma theae Speschnew
Macrophoma theicola Petch Chionosphaeraceae
Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. Stilbum candidulum Peck
Macrosporium carotae (Ellis. & Langl.) J.A.Stev. & Wellman Stilbum durionis Petch
Macrosporium macalpineanum Sacc. & P. Syd. Stilbum nanum Massee
Neofusicoccum brasiliense M.W.Marques, A.J.L.Phillips Stilbum villosum
& Camara (Dissanayake, Yakandawala and Adikaram,
Unpublished work) Choanephoraceae
Nattrassia mangiferae (Syd. & P.Syd.) B.Sutton & Dyko Choanephora cucurbitarum (Berk. & Rav.) Thaxter
Phyllosticta antirrhinae Syd. Choanephora simsonii D.D.Cunn.
Phyllosticta antirrhini P.Syd.
Phyllosticta crotalariae Sacc. & Trotter Cladosporiaceae
Phyllosticta disciformis Penz. Cladosporium apicale Berk. & Broome
Phyllosticta erythrinae Petch Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fres.) de Vries
Phyllosticta grevilleae Gadd. Cladosporium compactiusculum Sacc. & P.Syd.
Cladosporium congestum Berk. & Broome
Phyllosticta heveae Henn.
Cladosporium fulvum Cooke
Phyllosticta linocierae Thüm.
Cladosporium herbarum (Pers.) Link
Phyllosticta mayilae Petch
Cladosporium miyakei Sacc. & Trotter
Phyllosticta musarum (Cooke) Vander
Cladosporium versicolor T.E.T.Bond
Phyllosticta physaleos Sacc.
Phyllosticta piperis Henn. Clavicipitaceae
Phyllosticta ramicola Petch Balansia bambusae B. & Br.
Phyllosticta resedae Petch Balansia brevis (Berk. & Broome) Höhn.
Phyllosticta rottlerae (Berk. & Broome) Petch Epichloe cinera Berk. & Broome
Phyllosticta sapotae Sacc. Stereocrea schizostachyi Syd. & P.Syd.
Phyllosticta theae Speschnew
Phyllosticta theobromae J.V.Almeida & Sousa da Câmara Coleosporiaceae
Phyllosticta usteri Speg. Chrysomyxa bombacis Petch
Phyllosticta violae Desm. Ciliospora gelatinosa Zimm
Coleosporium balsaminae Syd.
Brachybasidiaceae Coleosporium erythrinae Petch
Kordyana commelinae Petch Coleosporium plumeriae Pat.
Calosphaeriaceae Corticiaceae
Calosphaeria sulcata Petch Corticium emplastrum Berk. & Broome
Corticium hypophyllum Petch
Ceratobasidiaceae Corticium invisum Petch
Rhizoctonia bataticola Taubenh Corticium pervagum Petch
Rhizoctonia solani J.G.Kühn Corticium salmonicolor Berk. & Broome
Thanatephorus cucumeris (A.B.Frank) Donk Corticium solani (Prill. & Delacr.) Bourdot & Galzin
Cytidia hakgallae (Berk. & Broome) G.W.Martin
Ceratocystidaceae Laetisaria fuciformis (Berk.) Burds.
Ceratocystis paradoxa (De Seynes) Sacc.
Chalara paradoxa (De Seynes) Sacc. Corynesporascaceae
Chlamydomyces palmarum (Cooke) E.W. Mason Corynespora cassiicola (Burk. & Curtis) Wei
Thielaviopsis paradoxa (De Seynes) Höhn.
Cronartiaceae
Ceratostomataceae Cronartium premnae Petch.
Melanospora zamiae Corda Endothia tropicalis Roane
Chaconiaceae Cucurbitariaceae
Goplana dioscoreae Cummins Pyrenochaeta nipponica De Not.
Chaetomiaceae Cyphellaceae
Chaetomium globosum Kunze Cyphella epileuca Berk. & Broom
Trichocladium olivaceum Petch Dendrocyphella setosa Petch
228
Davidiellaceae Coniothecium chomatosporum Corda
Heterosporium tropaeoli T.E.T.Bond Coniosporium tetrantherae (Thüm.) Sacc.
Heterosporium wikstroemiae Petch Epicoccum theobromae Petch
Phoma aterrima Petch
Dermateaceae Phoma barringtoniae Cooke & Massee
Gloeosporium affine Sacc. Phoma camelliae Pass
Gloeosporium alborubrum Petch Phoma cocoicola Petch
Gloeosporium cocophilum Wakef. Phoma durionis Petch
Gloeosporium coffeanum Delacr. Phoma glumarum Ellis & Tracy
Gloeosporium cryptum Petch Phoma heveae Petch
Gloeosporium heveae Petch Phoma insidiosa Tassi
Gloeosporium holstii Henn. Phoma justiciae Petch
Gloeosporium impartiensis Petch Phoma macdonaldii Boerema
Gloeosporium litseae Petch Phoma murrayae Petch
Gloeosporium mangae F. Noack Phoma orchidearum Ces.
Gloeosporium mangiferae Henn.
Gloeosporium musarum Cooke & Massee Didymiaceae
Gloeosporium opuntiae Ellis & Everh. (Petch and Bisby, Diderma chondrioderma (de Bary & Rostaf.) G.Lister
1950) Diderma rugosum (Rex) T.Macbr.
Gloeosporium papayae Henn. Didymobotryum rigidum (Berk. & Broome) Sacc.
Gloeosporium phomoides Sacc.
Gloeosporium piperatum Ellis & Everh. Didymosphaeriaceae
Gloeosporium psidii Delacr. Didymosphaeria theae Petch
Gloeosporium vanillae Cooke Spegazzinia tessarthra (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Sacc.
Niptera epiphytica Petch
Phlyctaena heveae Petch Dipodascaceae
Geotrichum candidum Link.
Diaporthaceae
Diaporthe citri F.A.Wolf Dothideomycetes (Family, Incertae sedis)
Diaporthe heveae Petch Septonema exaltatum Petch
Leptothyrium theae Petch Septonema olivaceonigrum Berk. & Broome
Phomopsis caricae papayae Petr. & Cif.
Phomopsis cocoes Petch Dothioraceae
Phomopsis lobeliae (Berk. & Broome) Petch Dothiora symploci Petch (Petch, 1926)
Phomopsis phaseoli Petch Metasphaeria cocoes Speg. (Petch and Bisby, 1950)
Phomopsis psidii Nag Raj & Ponnappa Metasphaeria nesodes (Berk. & Broome) Petr.(Petch,
Phomopsis theae Petch 1917)
Phomopsis vexans (Sacc. & P.Syd.) Harter Metasphaeria plegmariae (Ces. & Becc.) Sacc. (Petch and
Phomopsis viticola (Sacc.) Sacc. Bisby, 1950
Diatrypaceae Drepanopezizaceae
Diatrype chlorosarca Berk. & Broome Diplocarpon rosea Wolf.
Diatrype conferta Petch
Eutypa conjuncta Petch Elsinoaceae
Eutypa phaselina (Mont.) Sacc. Elsinoe canavaliae Racib.
Peroneutypa variabilis Petch Elsinoe fawcetti Bitanc. & Jenkins
Elsinoe theae Bitanc. & Jenkins
Didymellaceae Sphaceloma fawcetti Jenkins
Ascochyta abelmosehi Harter Zukaliopsis heveae Petch
Ascochyta cyphomandrae Petch
Ascochyta eyphomandrae Petch Englerulaceae
Ascochyta heveae Petch Capnodiastrum congestum Cooke & Massee
Ascochyta lobelia Petch
Entylomataceae
Ascochyta oleracea Ellis
Entyloma dahlia Syd. & P.Syd.
Ascochyta passiflorae Penz. & Sacc.
Entyloma fuscum J.Schröt.
Ascochyta pisi Lib.
Ascochyta rosicola Sacc. Eremotheciaceae
Ascochyta theae (Hara) Petch and Bisby Nematospora coryli Peglion
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Erysiphaceae Colletotrichum incarnatum Zimm.
Erysiphe cichoracearum DC. Colletotrichum laticiphilum Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous
Erysiphe polygoni DC. Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Briosi &
Erysiphe quercicola S.Takam Cavara
Erysiphe sp. (Ratnayake et al., 2016b) Colletotrichum musae (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Arx
Oidiopsis taurica (Lév.) E.S.Salmon Colletotrichum nigrum Ellis & Halst.
Oidium heveae B.A.Steinm. Colletotrichum nymphaeae (Pass.) Aa
Oidium mangiferae Berthet Bolm. Colletotrichum orchidearum Allesch.
Oidium nephelii Hadiw. Colletotrichum paucisetum Petch
Oidium quercinumThüm. Colletotrichum phomoides (Sacc.) Chester
Oidium tabaci Thüm. Colletotrichum piperis Petch
Oidium tingitaninum J.C.Carter Colletotrichum ricini Petch
Oidium tuckeri Berk. Colletotrichum seminicola (Berk. & Broome) Petch
Oospora aurantii Petch Colletotrichum siamense Prihast. L.Cai & K.D.Hyde
Oospora grisea Petch Colletotrichum simmondsii R.G.Shivas & Y.P.Tan
Oospora lactis (Fresen.) Sacc. Colletotrichum tropicale Rojas, Rehner & Samuels
Ovulariopsis moricola Delacr. Colletotrichum truncatum (Schwein.) Andrus & W.D.Moore
Sphaerotheca pannosa (Wallr.) Lév. Colletotrichum urenae Petch
Colletotrichum zingiberis (Sundar.) E.J.Butler & Bisby.
Exidiaceae Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spauld. & H.Schrenk.
Sebacina rufochracea Höhn. Glomerella gossypii Edgerton.
Glomerella musarum Petch
Exobasidiaceae
Glomerella piperata (Stoneman) Spauld. & H.Schrenk
Exobasidium cinnamomi Petch
Glomerella vanillae (Stoneman) Sacc. & Traverso
Exobasidium indicum Syd. P.Syd. & E.J.Butler
Exobasidium vaccinii (Fuckel) Woronin Glomosporiaceae
Exobasidium vexans Massee Sorosporium andropogonis-aciculati (Petch) Petch
Exobasidium zeylanicum Petch Sorosporium paspali McAlpine
Geoglossaceae Gomphaceae
Phaeoglossum zeylanicum Petch Pistillaria actiniceps (Petch) Corner
Ganodermataceae Graphiolaceae
Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat. Graphiola phoenicis (Moug. ex Fr.) Poit
Ganoderma boninense Pat.
Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P.Karst. Helicobasidiaceae
Gliocladium roseum Bainier Helicobasidium compactum (Boedijn) Boedijn
Tubercularia cansjerae Petch
Glomerellaceae
Tubercularia hibisci Petch
Colletotrichum acutatum J.H.Simmonds
Colletotrichum asianum Prihastuti, L.Cai & K.D.Hyde Tubercularia leguminicola Petch
Colletotrichum brachytrichum Delacr. Tubercularia nigromaculans Petch
Colletotrichum camelliae Massee Tuberculina persicina Ditmar
Colletotrichum capsici (Syd. & P.Syd.) E.J. Butler & Bisby
Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) Hughes Helminthosphaeriacea
Colletotrichum crotlariae Petch Ceratosporium productum Petch
Colletotrichum dracaenae Petch
Helotiaceae
Colletotrichum endophytica Manamgoda, Udayanga, Cai &
Gorgoniceps marginata Petch
Hyde
Colletotrichum erythrinae Koord. Hyaloscyphaceae
Colletotrichum ficus Koord. Helotiopsis apicalis (Berk. & Broome) Höhn
Colletotrichum fructicola Prihastuti, Cai & Hyde
Colletotrichum funtumiae Petch. Hydnaceae
Colletotrichum gigasporum Rakotonir. & Munaut Hydnum vagans Petch
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc.
Colletotrichum graminicola (Ces.) G.W.Wilson Hygrophoraceae
Colletotrichum heveae Petch Arrhenia minuta Petch
Colletotrichum higginsianum Sacc.
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Hymenochaetaceae Massariaceae
Hymenochaete pellicula Berk. & Broome Massaria theicola Petch
Phellinus lamaensis (Murrill) Pat.
Phellinus noxius (Corner) G.H.Cunn. Massarinaceae
Helminthosporium albizziae Petch
Hypocreaceae Helminthosporium extensum Petch
Clintoniella fusigera (Berk. & Broome) Petch Helminthosporium garciniae Petch
Hypocrea bambusae Berk. & Broome Helminthosporium heveae Petch
Hypocrea pezizoides Berk. & Broome Helminthosporium incurvatum C.Bernard
Helminthosporium nodulosum Berk. & M.A.Curtis ex Sacc.
Hypocreales (Family, Incertae sedis) Helminthosporium oryzae Breda de Haan
Trichothecium luteum Petch Helminthosporium ravenelii M.A.Curtis
Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takah. Helminthosporium sacchari E.J.Butler
Helminthosporium solani McAlpine
Hyponectriaceae Helminthosporium turcicum Pass.
Hyponectria embeliae Petch Massarina biconica Petch
Hyponectria eugeniae Petch Stagonospora theicola Petch
Hyponectria memecyli Petch
Micronectria eugeniae Petch Melampsoraceae
Physalospora adianthi Höhn. Melampsora acalyphae Petch
Melampsora epitea Thüm
Hypoxylaceae Melampsora helioscopiae (Pers.) Castagne
Hypoxylon carneum Petch Melampsora ricini Pass.
Hypoxylon olivaceum Petch
Melanconidaceae
Hypoxylon vestitum Petch
Melanconium circumscissum (Berk. & Broome) Grove
Hysteriaceae Melanconium confusum (Berk. & Broome) Petch
Gloniella drynariae (B. & Br.) Masaee Melanconium dendrocalami Petch
Melanconium fructicola Petch
Lachnocladiaceae Melanconium palmarum Cooke
Lachnocladium aurantiacum (Berk. & Broome) Petch Melogramma lobeliae Petch
Lasiosphaeriaceae Melanopsaceae
Lasiosphaeria tephrocoma (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. Melanops inflata (Cooke & Massee) Weese
Leotiomycetes (Family, Incertae sedis) Meliolaceae

Pycnidiella resinae (Ehrenb.) Höhn. Actinodothis piperis Syd. & P.Syd.
Meliola amphitricha Mont.
Leptosphaeriaceae Meliola calostroma (Desm.) Höhn.
Coniothyrium theae Petch. Meliola furcate Lév.
Leptosphaeria depressa Wehm. & S.Ahmad Meliola ganglifera Kalchbr.
Leptosphaeria molleriana Niessl Meliola hyalospora Lév.
Leptosphaeria musarum Sacc. & Berl. Meliola moerenhoutiana Mont.
Leptosphaeria sacchari Speg Meliola mollis Berk. & Broome
Leptosphaeria smilacis (Castagne) Sacc. Meliola pleurostyliae (Berk. & Broome) Höhn.
Leptosphaeria tornatospora Petch Meliola tetradeniae (Berk.) Theiss. & Syd.
Magnaporthaceae Meripilaceae
Magnaporthe grisea (T.T.Hebert) M.E.Barr Rigidoporus lignosus (Klotzsch) Imazeki
Magneporthe oryzae B.C.Couch. Rigidoporus microporus (Sw.) Overeem
Magnaporthe salvinii (Catt.) R.A.Krause & R.K.Webster
Meruliaceae
Marasmiaceae Ceriporiopsis hypolateritius (Berk. ex Cooke) Ryvarden
Marasmius crinis-equi F.Muell. ex Kalchbr. Merulius eurocephalus (Berk. & Broome) Petch
Marasmius equicrinis F.Muell. ex Berk. Merulius gelatinosus Lloyd
Marasmius leveillianus (Berk.) Sacc. & Trotter
Marasmius pulcher (Berk. & Broome) Petch Microbotryaceae
Marasmius stenophyllus (Mont.) Singer Sphacelotheca hydropiperis (Schumach.) de Bary
Sphacelotheca monilifera (Ellis & Everh.) G.P.Clinton
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Sphacelotheca nardi (Syd. & P.Syd.) Zundel Cercospora rodmanii Conway
Sphacelotheca sorghi (Link) Clinton Cercospora rosicola Pass.
Sphacelotheca spermoidea (Berk. & Broome) Mundk. Cercospora sesame Zimm.
Cercospora solani Thüm
Micropeltidaceae Cercospora subsessilis Syd. & P.Syd.
Micropeltella confluens Petch Cercospora ternateae Petch
Cercospora theae Breda de Haan
Microthyriaceae Cercospora tiglii Henn.
Calothyrium reticulatum Petch Cercospora viticola Sacc.
Monorhizina filicina (Berk. & Broome) Theiss. & Syd. Cercospora woodfordiae Petch
Cercospora zinnia Ellis & G.Martin
Mikronegeriaceae
Cercospora ziziphi Petch
Blastospora hedyotidis Petch
Cercosporella brassicae (Fautrey & Roum.) Höhn
Mucoraceae Cercosporella crataevae (Berk. & Broome)
Rhizopus artocarpi (Berk. & Broome) Boedijn Cercosporella theae Petch
Rhizopus oryzae Went & Prins. Isariopsis griseola Sacc.
Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrheb.) Vuill. Microcyclus walsurae Syd. & P.Syd.
Mycosphaerella camelliae Petch
Mycenaceae Mycosphaerella citrullina (Chester) Grossenb.
Mycena aculeifera Petch Mycosphaerells fijiensis Morelett
Mycena farinose Petch Mycospharella eumusae Crous & Mour.
Mycena illuminans Henn. Mycospherella henningsii Sivan.
Mycena longiseta Höhn. Oligostroma strychni Petch
Mycena paediscula Berk. & Broome Ovularia aurantii McAlpine
Ovularia bixae Racib.
Mycosphaerellaceae Ovularia veronicae Dufrenoy
Arthrobotryum glochidii Petch Phaeophleospora elaeocarpi Rangel
Asperisporium caricae (Speg.) Maubl. Ramularia areola G.F.Atk.
Cercospora averrhoae Petch Septoria apii Chester
Cercospora beticola Sacc. Septoria arisaemae Petch
Cercospora blumeae Thüm. Septoria cocoes Petch
Cercospora brassicicola P.Henn. Septoria dianthi (Alb. & Schwein.) Desm.
Cercospora bruceae Petch Septoria drummondii Ellis & Everh.
Cercospora calpurniae Petch Septoria graminum Desm.
Cercospora capsici É.J.Marchal & Steyaert Septoria lactucae Pass.
Cercospora cardiospermi Petch Septoria lactucae Peck
Cercospora carotae (Pass.) Solheim Septoria lycopersici Sacc.
Cercospora cearae Petch. Septoria nesodes Kalchbr.
Cercospora cordobensis Speg. Septoria obesa Syd. & P.Syd.
Cercospora cruenta Sacc. Septoria violae Westd.
Cercospora dilleniae Petch Sphaerella citricola McAlpine
Cercospora dioscoreae Ellis & G.Martin Sphaerella cleidii Sacc.
Cercospora gossypina Cooke Sphaerella crotalariae Petch
Cercospora henningsii Allesc Sphaerella depazeiformis (Auersw.) Ces. & De Not.
Cercospora hibisci Tracy & Earle Sphaerella fragariae (Tul. & C.Tul.) Sacc.
Cercospora hiptages Sphaerella gastonis Sacc.
Cercospora iteodaphnes (Thüm.) Sacc. Sphaerella heveae Petch
Cercospora janseana (Racib.) Constant. Sphaerella lobeliae Pass.
Cercospora medicaginis Ellis & Everh. Sphaerella rosigena Ellis & Everh.
Cercospora melongenae Welles Sphaerella senecionis Petch
Cercospora musae Massee Sphaerella spinicola Pass.
Cercospora nicotianae Ellis & Everh. Sphaerella vernoniae Petch
Cercospora oryzae I.Miyake Sphaerulina mappiae (Petch) Bond
Cercospora personata (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Ellis
Cercospora piaropi Tharp Myelospermataceae
Cercospora pseudarthriae Petch Myelosperma tumidum Syd. & P.Syd.
Cercospora ricinella Sacc. & Berl.
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Nectriaceae Parodiellaceae
Actinostilbe vanilla Petch Parodiella perisporioides (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Speg.
Calonectria theae Loos
Cylindrocladium pithecolobii Petch Parodiopsidaceae
Cylindrocladium quinqueseptatum Boedijn & Reitsma Balladyna butleri Syd. & P.Syd.
Fusarium acuminatum Wollenw. Dimerosporina amomi (Berk. & Broome) Höhn.
Fusarium avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc.
Fusarium culmorum (W.G.Sm.) Sacc. Patellariaceae
Fusarium decemecellulare Brick Patellaria purpurea Petch
Fusarium epithele McAlpine
Fusarium graminearum Schwabe Peniophoraceae
Fusarium heterosporum Nees & T.Nees Peniophora decidua Petch
Fusarium mangiferae Britz, M.J.Wingf. & Marasas Peniophora fracta Petch
Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon
Fusarium orchidis Petch Pezizomycotina (Family, Incertae sedis
Fusarium oxysporium pv. dianthi Actinonema rosae (Lib.) Fr.
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.Cepae Arthrobotryum infundibuliforme Petch
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubenase (Foc). Ceratophorum albizziae Petch
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici race 1 Ceratophorum setosum Kirchn.
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Nicotianae Cytosporella discoidea Petch
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.Niveum Helicostilbe simplex Petch
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici Hormiactis rosea Petch
Fusarium pallidoroseum (Cooke) Sacc. Lacellina graminicola (Berk. & Broome) Petch
Fusarium proliferatum (Matsush.) Nirenberg Leptostromella swertiae Petch
Fusarium semitectum Berk. & Ravenel Moniliochaetes infuscans Halst. ex Harter
Fusarium solani (Mart.) Appel & Wollenw Peltistromella anomala Petch
Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg Phaeotrichoconis crotalariae M.A.Salam & P.N.Rao
Gibberella fujikuroi (Sawada) Wollenw. Pleocyta sacchari (Massee) Petrak & Sydow
Gliocephalotrichum microchlamydosporum J.A.Mey Podosporium sparsum (Berk. & Broome) Petch
B.J.Willey & F.G.Simmons Septogloeum dumasiae Petch
Monosporium squamicola (Berk. & Broome) Petch Septogloeum limoniae Petch
Nectria albofulta Petch Septogloeum mappiae Petch
Nectria bambusae Berk. & Broome Sirothecium globosum Petch
Nectria bomba Petch Sphaeronaema album Petch
Nectria haematococca Berk. & Broome Sphaeronaema nigrum Petch
Nectria lucida Höhn. Sporodesmium striatum Petch
Nectria pulcherrima Berk. & Broome Zygosporium oscheoides Mont.
Nectria striatospora Zimm. Zythia bicolor (Berk. & Broome) Cooke & Massee
Neocosmospora ambrosia (Gadd & Loos) L.Lombard &
Phaeochoraceae
Crous
Phaeochora calamigena (Berk. & Broome) Theiss. & Syd.
Neocosmospora vasinfecta E.F.Smith
Ophionectria anomala Petch Phaeosphaeriaceae
Sphaerostilbe repens Berk. & M.A.Curtis Ampelomyces quisqualis Ces.
Hendersonia confluens Petch
Nitschkiaceae Hendersonia heveae Petch
Bertia tessellatea Petch Hendersonia macrospora Petch
Fracchiaea depressa Petch Hendersonia obesa Petch
Fracchiaea hystricula (Berk. & Broome) Petch Hendersonia rosicola Petch
Hendersonia sacchari E.J.Butler
Orbiliaceae Hendersonia symploci Berk. & Broome
Monacrosporium ovatum Petch Ophiobolus oryzinus Sacc.
Phaeodothis isachnes Petch
Parmulariaceae
Cocconia placenta (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. Phaeodothis sparsa Petch
Dothidasteroma maculosum (Berk. & Broome) Höhn Phakopsoraceae
Monorhiza nervisequia (Sacc.) Theiss. & Syd.
Catenulopsora flacourtiae Mundk. & Thirum.
Parmulina exsculpta (Berk.) Theiss. & Syd. Cerotelium fici (Castagne) Arthur
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Crossopsora ziziphi Syd., P.Syd. & E.J.Butler) Syd. & P.Syd. Plectosphaerellaceae
Phakopsora desmium Cummins Verticillium niveum Petch
Phakopsora vitis P.Syd. Verticillium theobromae (Turc.) E.W.Mason & S.Hughes
Phanerochaetaceae Pleosporaceae
Irpex destruens Petch Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl.
Irpex flavus (Jungh.) Kalchbr. Alternaria brassicae (Berk.) Sacc.
Irpex subvinosus (Berk. & Broome) Petch Alternaria brassicicola (Schwein.) Wiltshire
Alternaria carotae (Ellis & Langl.) J.A.Stev. & Wellman
Phomatosporaceae Alternaria herculean (Ellis & G.Martin) A.Elliott
Phaeaspis gomphispora (Berk. & Broome) Clem. & Shear Alternaria oleracea Milb.
Alternaria padwickii (Ganguly) M.B.Ellis
Phragmidiaceae Alternaria porri (Ellis) Ciffer
Gymnoconia patouillardi Trotter Alternaria solani (Ellis & G.Martin) L.R.Jones
Kuehneola aliena Syd., P.Syd. & E.J.Butler Alternaria tinuis Nees
Phragmidium mucronatum (Pers.) Schltdl. Bipolaris oryzae (Breda de Haan) Shoemaker
Phragmidium orientale Syd. & P.Syd. Cerebella andropogonis Ces.
Phragmidium subcorticium (Schrank) G.Winter Cerebella anthistiriae Petch
Phragmidium zeylanicum Petch Cerebella cynodontis Syd.
Cerebella inquinans (Berk. & Broome) Petch
Phyllachoraceae Cerebella ischaemi Petch
Catacauma aspideum (Berk.) Theiss. & Syd. Cerebella sorghii Tracy & Earle
Catacauma gracillimum (Speg.) Theiss. & Syd. Cochliobolus miyabeanus (S.Ito & Kurib.) Drechsler ex
Catacauma infectorium (Cooke) Theiss. & Syd. Dastur
Catacauma microcentum (Berk. & Broome) Theiss. & Syd. Curvularia fallax Boedijn
Catacauma repens (Corda) Theiss. & Syd. Curvularia hawaiiensis (Bugnic. ex M.B.Ellis) Manamgoda,
Neobarclaya congesta (Berk. & Broome) Petch L.Cai & K.D.Hyde
Phyllachora andropogonis P.Karst. & Har. Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn
Phyllachora catervaria (Berk.) Sacc. Curvularia pallescens Boedijn
Phyllachora cyperi Rehm Curvularia tuberculata B.L.Jain
Phyllachora dolichogena (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. Drechslera graminae (Rabenh.) S.Ito
Phyllachora glycosmidis Petch Drechslera rostrata (Drechsler) M.J.Richardson & E.M.
Phyllachora graminis (Pers.) Fuckel Fraser
Phyllachora hibisci Rehm
Phyllachora hugoniae Theiss. & Syd. Pleosporomycetidae (Family, Incertae sedis)
Phyllachora incarcerate (Berk.) Sacc. Sporocybe compacta Petch
Phyllachora ixorae Theiss. & Syd.
Phyllachora pongamiae (Berk. & Broome) Petch Pleurostomataceae
Phyllachora stenospora (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. Pleurostomophora richardsiae (Nannf.) L.
Phyllachora tetrantherae (Berk. & Broome) Sacc.
Phyllachora thwaitesii (Berk.) Sacc. Polyporaceae
Phyllachora tragiae (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Sacc. Fomes applanatus (Pers.) Gillet
Phyllachora vanderystii Theiss. & Syd. Fomes caryophylli (Racib.) Bres.
Phyllachora winkleri Syd. & P. Syd. Fomes floccosus (Bres.) Lloyd
Placostroma elettariae (Berk. & Broome) Theiss. & Syd. Fomes lamaoensis (Murrill) Sacc. & Trotter (Petch and
Rehmiodothis osbeckiae (Berk. & Broome) Theiss. & H.Sydow Bisby, 1950)
Fomes lignosus (Klotzsch) Bres.
Physalacriaceae Fomes lucidus (Curtis) Cooke
Armillaria fuscipes Petch Fomes noxius Corner
Armillaria mellea Vahl Polyporus mesotalpae Lloyd
Poria hypolateritia Berk. ex Cooke
Physodermataceae
Poria rubrochorda Petch
Physoderma maydis (Miyabe) Miyabe
Trametes corrugate (Pers.) Bres.
Trametes mollis (Sommerf.) Fr.
Pileolariaceae
Tremella moriformis Sm. & Sowerby
Ctenoderma toddaliae (Petch) Syd.
Skierka petchii (Syd.) Mains Polystomellaceae
Dothidella calophylli Petch
Marchalia spurcaria (Berk. & Broome) Sacc.
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Pseudoperisporiaceae Uromyces pseudarthriae Cooke
Lizonia orbis (Berk.) Petch Uromyces rumicis (Schumach.) G.Winter
Uromyces scleriae Henn.
Pterulaceae Uromyces setariae-italicae Yoshino
Pterula xylogena (Berk. & Broome) Petch Uromyces sojae (Henn.) Syd. & P. Syd.
Uromyces vestergreni P. Syd. & Syd.
Pucciniaceae Uromyces vignae Barclay
Cystopsora oleae E.J.Butler Xenostele echinacea (Berk.) Syd. & P.Syd.
Puccinia abutili Berk. & Broome Xenostele litseae (Pat.) Syd. & P.Syd.
Puccinia anaphalidis (Miyabe) Sacc. & Trotter
Puccinia arenariae (Schumach.) G.Winter Pucciniales (Family, Incertae sedis)
Puccinia congesta Berk. & Broome Hemileia phaji (Racib.) P. Syd. & Syd.
Puccinia crepidis-japonicae (Lindr.) Dietel Hemileia vastatrix Berk. & Broome
Puccinia cynodontis Lacroix ex Desm. Hemileia wrightiae (Racib.) Racib.
Puccinia droogensis E.J.Butler Uredo amomi Petch
Puccinia duthiae Ellis & Tracy Uredo andropogonis-zeylanici Petch
Puccinia eragrostidis Petch Uredo anthistiriae Petch
Puccinia exhauriens Thüm. Uredo anthistiriae-tremulae Petch
Puccinia ferruginea Lév. Uredo argyreiae Petch
Puccinia flaccida Lév. Uredo artocarpi Berk. & Broome
Puccinia heterospora Berk. & M.A.Curtis Uredo callicarpae Petch
Puccinia isachnes (Petch) Petch Uredo caricicola Petch
Puccinia kuehnii (W.Krüger) E.J.Butler Uredo cassiae-bicapsularis Petch
Puccinia kusanoi Dietel Uredo cassiae-glaucae Syd. & P.Syd.
Puccinia longicornis Pat. & Har. Uredo chasaliae Petch
Puccinia mysorensis Syd., P.Syd. & E.J.Butler Uredo clerodendricola Vienn.-Bourg.
Puccinia nakanishikii Dietel Uredo commelinae Speg.
Puccinia pelargonii-zonalis Doidge Uredo cudraniae Petch
Puccinia penniseti Barclay Uredo cymbopogonis-polyneuri Petch
Puccinia phyllocladiae Cooke Uredo dendrocalami Petch
Puccinia pogonatheri Petch Uredo desmodii-pulchelli Syd. & P.Syd.
Puccinia polygonii-amphibii Pers. Uredo dianellae Dietel
Puccinia pruni-spinosae Pers. Uredo dioscoreae-alatae Racib.
Puccinia purpurea Cooke Uredo dioscoreae-sativae Syd. & P.Syd.
Puccinia romagnoliana Maire & Sacc. Uredo dregiae Petch
Puccinia ruelliae Lagerh. Uredo elephantopodis Petch
Puccinia rufipes Dietel Uredo emiliae-zeylanicae Petch
Puccinia shiraiana P. Syd. Uredo erythrinae Henn.
Puccinia sonchii Roberge ex Desm. Uredo gynurae Petch
Puccinia sorghi Schwein. Uredo hemidesmi Petch
Puccinia spongiosa Berk. & Broome Uredo hyperici-japonici Petch
Puccinia substriata Ellis & Barthol. Uredo hyperici-mysorensis Petch
Puccinia tabernaemontanae Berk. & Broome Uredo ignobilis Syd. & P. Syd.
Puccinia thwaitesii Berk. Uredo ischaemi-ciliaris Petch
Puccinia uralensis Tranzschel Uredo lipocarphae Syd. & P. Syd.
Puccinia vernoniae-scariosae Petch Uredo lophantheri Petch
Uromyces anotidis Petch Uredo marisci Petch
Uromyces apludae Syd. & E.J.Butler Uredo meliosmae Petch
Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Lév. Uredo microglossae Petch
Uromyces bidentis Lagerh. Uredo momordicae Petch
Uromyces blainvilleae Berk. Uredo ochlandrae Petch
Uromyces decorates Syd. & P. Syd. Uredo operta Syd. P.Syd. & E.J.Butler
Uromyces dianthi (Pers.) Niessl Uredo ophiopogonis Syd. & P. Syd.
Uromyces echinulatus Niessl Uredo ophiorrhizae Petch
Uromyces fabae de Bary ex Cooke Uredo panici-montani Petch
Uromyces hobsoni Vize Uredo panici-villosi Petch
Uromyces linearis Berk. & Broome Uredo paspali-longiflori Petch
Uromyces mucunae Rabenh. Uredo paspali-perrottetii Petch
235
Uredo paspali-scrobiculati Syd. & P.Syd. Septobasidium rimulosum Petch & Couch
Uredo phyllanthi-longifolii Petch Septobasidium scabiosum Couch & Petch ex L.D.Gómez &
Uredo phyllanthi-reticulati Petch Henk
Uredo pouzolziae Syd. & P. Syd. Septobasidium suffultum (Berk. & Broome) Pat.
Uredo pseudocannae Cummins Septobasidium theae Boedijn & B.A.Steinm
Uredo sissoo Syd., P.Syd. & E.J.Butler Septobasidium thwaitesii (Berk. & Broome) Pat.
Uredo socotrae Syd. & P.Syd. Septofusidium elegantulum (Pidopl.) W.Gams
Uredo sopubiae Petch Uredinella spinulosa Couch & Petch
Uredo tectonae Racib.
Uredo tephrosiae Rabenh. Seuratiaceae
Uredo trichosanthes Petch Atichia millardeti Racib
Uredo vernoniicola Petch
Sordariomycetes (Family, Incertae sedis)
Pucciniastraceae Rhopographella ochlandrae Petch
Pucciniastrum agrimoniae (Dietel) Tranzschel Rhynchosphaeria sepulta Petch
Pucciniastrum boehmeriae (Dietel) Syd. & P.Syd.
Sphaerophragmiaceae
Punctulariaceae Hapalophragmium derridis Syd. & P.Syd.
Punctularia atropurpurascens (Berk. & Broome) Petch Hapalophragurium ponderosum Syd., P.Syd. & E.J. Butler
Nyssopsora thwaitesii (Berk. & Broome) Syd.
Pyriculariaceae
Pyricularia oryzae Cavara Stachybotryaceae
Myrothecium roridum Tode
Raveneliaceae
Diorchidium laevigatum Syd. & E.J.Butler Stereaceae
Diorchidium orientale Syd., P.Syd. & E.J.Butler Stereum thwaitesii (Berkeley & Broome) Petch
Diorchidium polyalthiae Syd. & P. Syd
Ravenelia aculeifera Berk. Stictidaceae
Ravenelia berkeleyi Mundk. & Thirum. Stictis radiata (L.) Pers.
Ravenelia breyniae-patentis Thirum. & Mundk.
Ravenelia emblicae Syd. & P.Syd. Strophariaceae
Ravenelia hobsoni Cooke Flammula dilepis (Berk. & Broome) Sacc.
Ravenelia sessilis Berk. Pholiota badia Petch
Ravenelia stictica Berk. & Broome
Taphrinaceae
Rhytismataceae Taphrina cornu-cervi Giesenh.
Hypodermella symploci Petch Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul.
Lophodermium fourcroyae (Berk. & Broome) Massee Taphrina laurencia Giesenh.
Terriera furcraeae (Berk. & Broome) P.R.Johnst. Taphrina maculans E.J.Butler
Sarcosomataceae Thelephoraceae
Sarcosoma thwaitesii (Berk. & Broome) Petch Skepperia zeylanica Petch
Thyridariaceae
Sarocladiaceae
Thyridaria pteridis Petch
Sarocladium oryzae (Sawada) W.Gams & D.Hawksw
Thyridium flavum Petch
Sclerotiniaceae
Thyridiaceae
Botrytis cinerea Pers.
Bivonella chrysomella (Berk. & Broome) Sacc.
Monilinia fructicola (G. Winter) Honey
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary Tilletiaceae
Tilletia ayresii Berk.
Septobasidiaceae
Septobasidium accumbans (Berk. & Broome) Bres. Trichosphaeriaceae
Septobasidium aligerum Petch Brachysporium torulosum Syd.
Septobasidium boedijnii Couch
Septobasidium bogoriense Pat. Trichocomaceae
Septobasidium curtisii (Berk. & Desm.) Boedijn & Coremium compressum (Berk. & Broome) Petch
B.A.Steinm. Talaromyces purpurogenus (Stoll) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad
Septobasidium petchii Couch ex L.D.Gómez & Henk & Seifert
236
Tricholomataceae Fungal-like organisms
Clitocybe nigra Petch (Kingdom: Chromista, Phylum: Oomycota)
Trichosphaeriaceae Albugiaceae
Trichosphaeria fasciculifera Petch Albugo candida (Pers. Ex. Lev.) Kuntze.
Trichosphaeria sparsibarba Petch Cystopus bliti (Biv.) Lév.
Cystopus candidus (Pers. ex J.F.Gmel.) Lév.
Tubeufiaceae Cystopus ipomoeae-panduratae (Schwein.) J.A.Stev. &
Helicoma recurvum Petch Swingle
Cystopus platensis Speg.
Typhulaceae Cystopus portulacae (DC. ex Duby) Lév.
Sclerotium oryzae Catt.
Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Peronosporaceae
Peronospora parasitica (Pers.) de Bary
Ustilaginaceae Phytophthora arecae (L.C.Coleman) Pethybr.
Pericladium grewiae Pass. Phytophthora botryosa (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Rostovzev
Ustilago anthistiriae Petch Phytophthora capsici Leonian
Ustilago coicis Bref. Phytophthora citricola Sawada
Ustilago digitariae (Kunze) Rabenh. Phytophthora colocasiae Racib
Ustilago linearis (Berk. & Broome) Petch Phytophthora heveae A.W.Thompson
Ustilago scitaminea Sydow. Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary
Ustilago tonglinensis Tracy & Earle Phytophthora meadii McRae
Phytophthora palmivora (E.J.Butler) E.J.Butler
Valsaceae Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotiane (Breda de Haan)
Laestadia jasmine Petch Tucker
Laestadia pertusa (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. Phytophthora phaseoli Thaxt.
Laestadia traversi Cavara Plasmopara viticola (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Berl. & De Toni
Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berkeley & Curtis)
Valsariaceae
Rostovtsev
Valsaria cinnamomi (Ces.) Sacc.
Venturiaceae Pythiaceae
Fusicladium pongamiae Syd. & P.Syd. Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp.
Phaeosphaerella theae Petch Pythium graminicola Subraman.
Venturia emergens Petch Pythium myriotylum Drechsler
Pythium ultimum Drechsler
Vizellaceae Pythium vexans de Bary
Vizella guaranitica Speg.
Xylariaceae
Anthostomella destruens Shear
Anthostomella palmarum Petch
Astrocystis mirabilis Berk. & Broome
Kretzschmaria micropus (Fr.) Sacc.
Kretzschmaria sphaerocephala Petch
Nemania diffusa (Sowerby) Gray
Nummularia porosa Petch
Penzigia placenta Petch
Rosellinia arcuata Petch
Rosellinia bunodes (Berk. & Broome) Sacc.
Rosellinia caudata Petch
Rosellinia decidua Petch
Rosellinia obtusa Petch
Seynesia ipomoeae Syd. & P.Syd.
Ustulina deusta (Hoffm.) Maire
Ustulina zonata (Lév.) Sacc.
Xylaria ianthino-velutina (Mont.) Mont.
Xylaria thwaitesii Berk. & Cooke
237
Checklist 2
AGARIC FLORA OF SRI LANKA
Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Basidiomycota
Orders: Aphyllophorales, Cantharellales, Agaricales, Boletales, Russlales
Agaricus actinorachis Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Calocybe theiochroa (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Broome, 1871) Camarophyllus caesius (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Agaricus bolorhizus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Camarophyllus nivosus (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Broome, 1871) Camarophyllus singularis (Hoehnel) Singer (Singer, 1973)
Agaricus callipeplus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Campanella purpureobadia Petch (Petch, 1926)
Broome, 1871) Campanella pustulata (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Agaricus chloroconius Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Campanella simulans (Pat.) Singer (Singer, 1945)
Broome, 1871) Cantharellus humilis Berk. & Br.
Agaricus crocopeplus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and (Berkeley and Broome, 1873)
Broome, 1871) Chaetocalathus semisupinus (Berk. & Br.) Pegler
Agaricus endoxanthus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and (Pegler, 1986)
Broome, 1871) Clarkeinda trachodes (Berk.) Singer (Singer, 1949)
Agaricus flavidorufus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Claudopus repens Petch (Petch, 1922)
Broome, 1871) Clitocybe flavescens Petch (Petch, 1926) Clitocybe petchii
Agaricus hemilasius Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Broome, 1871) Clitocybe pyraces (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Agaricus lasiophrys Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Clitopilus apalus (Berk. & Br.) Petch (Petch, 1917) Clitopilus
Broome,1871) peri (Berk. & Br.) Petch (Petch, 1917)
Agaricus lituratus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Collybia chrysoropha (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Broome, 1871) Collybia cubistes (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Agaricus petchii Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Collybia diminuta (Berk & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Agaricus rufoalbus Berk. (Berkeley, 1847) Collybia leucophaea (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Agaricus simulans Berk. (Berkeley, 1847) Collybia multijuga (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Agaricus spilocephalus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Collybia nephelodes (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Broome, 1871) Collybia purpureogrisea (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Agaricus stadii (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Collybia rufipicta (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Agaricus tornocephalus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Collybia sublaccata (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Broome, 1871) Conocybe abjecta (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Agrocybe badia (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Conocybe phaedropis (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Agrocybe peradenica Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Conocybe siennophylla (Berk. & Br.) Singer (Singer, 1962)
Agrocybe semiorbicularis (Bull.) Fayod (Fayod, 1889). Conocybe tenera (Schaeff. Fayod (Kühner, 1935)
Alboleptonia hyalodepas (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1983) Conocybe zeylanica (Petch) Boed. (Boedijn, 1951b)
Alboleptonia stylophora (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1977) Copelandia cyanescens (Berk. & Br.) Singer (Singer, 1949)
Amanita angustilamellata (Hoehnel) Boedijn Coprinus brunneofibrillosus Dennis (Dennis, 1961)
(Boedijn, 1951a) Coprinus castaneus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and
Amanita elata (Massee) Corner & Bas. Broome, 1871)
(Corner and Bas, 1962) Coprinus disseminatus (Pers.) Gray (Gray, 1821)
Amanita hemibapha (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Coprinus fibrillosus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Broome, 1871)
Amanita manicula (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Coprinus fimbriatus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and
Amyloflagellula pulchra (Berk. & Br.) Singer (1966) Broome, 1871)
Anthracophyllum nigritum (Lev.) Kalchbr. Coprinus furfurellus (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
(Kalchbrenner, 1881) Coprinus hiascens (Fr.) Quel. (Quelet, 1888)
Armillaria fuscipes Petch (Petch, 1909) Coprinus macrocephalus (Berk.) Berk. (Berkeley and
Bolbitius fissus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Broome, 1871) Broome, 1871)
Bolbitius glaucopurpureus (Berk. & Br.) Coprinus macropus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and
Kuehner ex Watl. & Gregory (Pegler, 1986) Broome, 1871)
Calocybe charistera (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Coprinus pachyterus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and
Calocybe rubrocyanea (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Broome, 1871)
Coprinus paleocephalus Redhead & Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
238
Coprinus plicatilis (Curtis) Fr. (Fries, 1838) Hymenagaricus alphitochrous (Berk. & Br.) Heinem.
Coprinus setulosus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Broome, (Heinemann, 1981).
1871) Hymenagaricus subaeruginosus (Berk. & Br.) Heinem. &
Crepidotus citrinus Petch (Petch, 1924) Little Flower (Heinemann, 1884)
Crepidotus epicrocinus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Hypholoma subviride (Berk. & Br.) Dennis (Dennis, 1961)
Crepidotus grumosopiloses (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. Inocybe cutifracta Petch (Petch, 1917)
(Saccardo, 1887) Inocybe fuscospinulosa Corner & Horak (Horak, 1980)
Crepidotus melleus (Berk. & Br.) Petch (Petch, 1924) Inocybe petchii Boedijn (Boedijn, 1951b)
Crepidotus pezizula (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Pegler, 1986) Inopilus brunneus (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Crepidotus reversus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1881) Inopilus infundibuliformis (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Crepidotus subepicrocinus Pilat (Pilat, 1950) Inopilus virescens (Berk. & Curt.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Crepidotus velutinus Petch (Petch, 1924) Laccaria lateritia Malenc. (Malençon, 1966)
Crinipellis actinophora (Berk. & Br.) Singer (Singer, 1955)
Lactocollybia epia (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Crinipellis multicolor (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Lentinellus pseudobarbatus (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Crinipellis omotricha (Berk.) Reid (Reid, 1975)
Cystoderma granulosum (Batsch Fayod (Fayod, 1889) Lentinus ciliatus Lev. (Léveillé, 1844)
Cystolepiota ompnera (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Lentinus connatus Berk. (Berkeley, 1842)
Lentinus giganteus Berk. (Berkeley, 1847)
Cystolepiota pseudogranulosa (Berk. & Br.) Pegler
Lentinus polychrous Lev. (Léveillé, 1844)
(Pegler, 1986) Lentinus sajor-caju (Fr.) Fr. (Fries, 1838)
Delicatula hyalina (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Lentinus similis Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Broome, 1873)
Dermoloma scotodes (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Lentinus squarrosulus Mont. (1842) (Montagne, 1842)
Dictyopanus pusillus (Pers. ex Lev.) Singer (Singer, 1945) Lentinus strigosus (Schwein.) Fr. (Fries, 1825)
Favolaschia minima (Jungh.) Singer (Singer, 1945) Lentinus torulosus (Pers.) Lloyd (Lloyd, 1913)
Favolaschia thwaitesii (Berk. & Br.) Singer (Singer, 1945) Lentinus tuberregium (Singer) Pegler (Fries, 1832)
Filoboletus manipularis (Berk.) Singer (Singer, 1945) Lentinus velutinus Fr. (Fries, 1830)
Flammulaster fulvoalbus (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1977) Lepiota alopochroa (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Galerella microphues (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Lepiota anthomyces (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1886)
Galerina sulciceps (Berk.) Boedijn (Boedijn, 1951b) Lepiota apalochroa (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Gerronema holochlorum (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1977) Lepiota carpophylla (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Gimnopilus dilepis (Berk. & Br.) Singer (Singer, 1949) Lepiota ceramogenes (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1886)
Gloeocantharellus lateritius (Petch) Corner (Corner, 1969) Lepiota citrophylla (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Gloiocephala albocapitata (Petch) Singer (1960) Lepiota columbicolor (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Gloiocephala helisca (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Lepiota epicharis (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Gymnopilus crocias (Berk. & Br.) Singer (Singer, 1962) Lepiota eriphaea (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Gymnopilus oxylepis (Berk. & Br.) Singer (Singer, 1962)
Lepiota erythrogamma (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hebeloma’ trachysporium Petch (Petch, 1925)
Lepiota erythrosticta (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hemimycena perone (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Lepiota flagellata (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hohenbuehelia testudo (Berk.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Lepiota holospilota (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hydropus anthidepas (Berk. & Br.) Singer (Singer, 1982)
Lepiota leontoderes (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hydropus cystidiatus (Corner) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Lepiota lepidophora (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hydropus porphyrodes (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Lepiota leprica (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hygrocybe alliciens (Berk. & Br) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Lepiota metabola (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hygrocybe alwisii (Berk. & Br) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Lepiota metulispora (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hygrocybe anisa (Berk. & Br) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Lepiota micropholis (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hygrocybe apala (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler and Lepiota oenocephala (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Rayner, 1969) Lepiota pardalota (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hygrocybe cinerascens (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1977) Lepiota paroena (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hygrocybe conica (Schaeff.) P. Kumm (Kummer, 1871) Lepiota phlyctaenodes (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hygrocybe dimorpha (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Lepiota plumbicolor (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hygrocybe diversicolor (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Lepiota pselliophora (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hygrocybe elegantissima (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Lepiota pyrrhaes (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hygrocybe firma (Berk. & Br) Singer (Singer, 1958)
Lepiota revelata (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hygrocybe miniata (Fr.) Kummer (Kummer, 1871)
Lepiota rhyparophora (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hygrocybe roseostriata (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Lepiota spongodes (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hygrocybe similis (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Lepiota thrombophora (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Hygrocybe tricolor (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Lepiota viridiflava Petch (Petch, 1917)
Hygrocybe tricoloroides Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Lepiota viriditincta (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
239
Lepista hyalodes (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Marasmius heamatocaphalus (Mont.) Fr. (Fries, 1838)
Lepista sordida (Fr.) Singer (Singer, 1949) Marasmius hypochroides Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and
Leptonia elaphines (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1977) Broome, 1873)
Leptonia gnaphalodes (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Marasmius lateritius Petch (Petch, 1947)
Leptonia gnophodes (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Marasmius leveillianus (Berk.) Pat. (Pegler, 1986)
Leptonia iodnephes (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1977) Marasmius micraster Petch (Petch, 1947)
Marasmius nigrobrunneus (Pat.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1895)
Leptonia purpurea (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Marasmius nummularius Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and
Leptonia serrulata.(Fr.) P. Kumm. (Kummer, 1871) Broome, 1873)
Leucocoprinus birnbaumii (Corda) Singer (Singer, 1962) Marasmius ochraceus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and
Leucocoprinus cepistipes (Sow:Fr.) Pat. (Patouillard, 1889) Broome, 1873)
Leucocoprinus fragillissimus (Rav.) Pat. (Patouillard, 1888) Marasmius pellucidus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and
Leucocoprinus zeylanicus (Berk) Boedijn (Boedijn, 1940) Broome, 1873)
Limacella anomologa (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Marasmius rigidichorda Petch (Petch, 1947)
Limacella myxodictyon (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Marasmius rotalis Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Broome, 1873)
Macrolepiota dolichaula (Berk. & Br.) Pegler & Rayner Marasmius subconiatus Petch (Petch, 1947)
(Pegler and Rayner, 1969) Marasmius tenuissimus (Junghuhn) Singer (Singer, 1976)
Marasmiellus calami (Petch) Singer (Singer, 1955) Marasmius thwaitesii Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and
Marasmiellus corticigenus (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Broome, 1873)
Marasmiellus delicius (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Marasmius tortipes Berk. & Curt.
Marasmiellus epochnous (Berk. & Curt.) Singer (1955) (Berkeley and Curtis, 1869)
Marasmiellus flosculus (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Marasmius tubulatus Petch (Petch, 1947)
Marasmiellus goossensiae (Beeli) Pegler (Pegler, 1977) Marasmius viridicarneus (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Marasmiellus hirtellus (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1977) Melanoleuca conspurcata (Berk. & Br.) Pegler
Marasmiellus ignobilis (Berk. & Br.) Singer (Pegler, 1977) (Pegler, 1986)
Marasmiellus nigripes (Schwein.) Singer (Singer, 1948) Melanophyllum echinatum (Roth) Singer (Singer, 1949)
Marasmiellus paspali (Petch) Singer (Singer, 1955) Melanotus phaeophyllus (Berk.) Pilat (Pilat, 1950)
Marasmiellus petchii Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Melanotus proteus (Kalchbr.) Singer (Singer, 1946)
Marasmiellus purpureoalbus (Petch) Singer (Singer, 1962) Micropsalliota arginea (Berk. & Br.) Pegler & Rayner
Marasmiellus salmonicolor (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) (Pegler, and Rayner, 1969)
Marasmiellus senescens (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Micropsalliota erythrospila (Berk. & Br.) Pegler
Marasmiellus stypinoides (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) (Pegler, 1986)
Marasmiellus stypinus (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Micropsalliota plumaria (Berk. & Br.) Hoehnel
Marasmiellus subaurantiacus (Berk. & Br.) (Höhnel, 1914)
Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Mniopetalum furfuraceum (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Marasmius atrorubens (Berk.) Berk. (Montagne, 1854) Mycena alphitophora (Berk.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Marasmius brunneolus (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Mycena auroricolor (Berk. & Br.) Petch (Petch, 1944)
Marasmius calvus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Broome, 1873) Mycena chlorophos (Berk. & Curt.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Marasmius caryotae (Berk.) Petch (Petch, 1910) Mycena clavulifera (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Marasmius confertus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Mycena lamprospora Corner ex Horak (Horak, 1978)
Broome, 1873) Mycena longiseta Hoehnel (Höhnel, 1909)
Marasmius coniatus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Mycena paediscula (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Broome, 1873) Mycena pallidorubens (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Marasmius crinisequi F.Muell. ex Kalchbr. Mycena stylobates (Pers.) Kummer (Kummer, 1871)
(Kalchbrenner, 1880) Neopaxillus reticulatus (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Marasmius cylindraceocampanulatus P. Henn. Nolanea apiculata Petch (Petch, 1924)
(Hennings, 1900) Nolanea maderaspatana Pegler (Pegler, 1977)
Marasmius florideus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and Nolanea mazophora (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1977)
Broome, 1873) Oudemansiella canarii (Jungh.) Höhnel (Höhnel, 1909)
Marasmius fulviceps Berk. (Berkeley, 1847) Oudemansiella endochorda (Berk. & Br.) Pegler
Marasmius galericula (Cesati) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) (Pegler, 1986)
Marasmius gordipes Sacc. & Paol. (Saccardo and Panaeolus rubricaulis Petch (Petch, 1924)
Paoletti, 1888) Paxillus russuloides Petch (Petch, 1909)
Marasmius hakgalensis Petch (Petch, 1947) Phlebopus portentosus (Berk. & Br.) Boedijn
Marasmius hakgalensis var. denudatus Petch (Boedijn, 1951b)
(Petch, 1947,) Pholiota dasypepla (Berk.) Cooke apud Sacc.
Marasmius hakgalensis var. hakgalensis Petch (Saccardo, 1891)
(Petch, 1947)
240
Pholiota micromeres (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Simocybe gnopholopus (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Pholiota siennaecolor (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986) Termitomyces eurrhizus (Berk.) Heim (Heim, 1942)
Pleurocollybia versiformis (Berk.) Pegler (Pegler, 1977) Termitomyces microcarpus (Berk. & Br.) Heim (Heim, 1942)
Pleuroflammula flavomarginata (Berk. & Br.) Tricholoma crassum (Berk.) Sacc. (Saccardo 1887)
Singer (Singer, 1951) Tricholoma rhacophorum (Berk. & Br.) Sacc
Pleurotus angustatus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) (Saccardo, 1887)
Pleurotus djamor (Fr.) Boedijn. (Wit, 1959) Tricholomopsis crocobapha (Berk. & Br.) Pegler
Pleurotus polychromus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) (Pegler, 1977)
Plteus stigmatophorus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Tricholomopsis nigra (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Pluteus aeolus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Trogia grisea (Berk.) Pat. (Patouillard, 1900)
Pluteus aglaeotheles (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Trogia inaequalis (Berk. & Br.) Corner (Corner, 1966)
Pluteus albolineatus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Trogia infundibuliformis Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and
Pluteus brunneopictus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Broome, 1873)
Pluteus chrysaegis (Berk. & Br.) Petch (Petch, 1912) Volvaria diplasia (Berk. & Br.) Singer (Singer, 1951)
Pluteus conizatus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Volvariella apalotricha (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Pluteus escharites (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Volvariella glandiformis (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Pluteus eugraptus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Volvariella pseudovolvacea (Berk. & Br.) Singer
Pluteus flaviceps Petch (Petch, 1924) (Singer, 1962)
Pluteus flavomarginatus Petch (Petch, 1922) Volvariella terastia (Berk. & Br.) Singer (Singer, 1961)
Pluteus fusconigricans (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Xerocomus sylvestris (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Pluteus glyphidatus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Xerulina asprata (Berk.) Pegler (Pegler, 1972)
Pluteus grandineus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887) Xerulina myochroa Berk. & Br
Pluteus pelinus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Pluteus psichiophorus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Pluteus spilopus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Pluteus subcervinus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Pouzaromyces lasius (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1977)
Pouzaromyces myodermus (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (1977)
Psathyrella amaura (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Berkeley and
Broome, 1871)
Psathyrella candolleana (Fr.) Maire (Pegler, 1986)
Psathyrella efflorescens (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Psathyrella lucipeta (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Berkeley and
Broome, 1871)
Psathyrella reticulata Petch (Petch, 1917)
Psathyrella rufescens (Patch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Psathyrella tiarella (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. (Saccardo, 1887)
Psathyrella trechispora (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Psilocybe crobula (Fr.) M. Lange ex Singer (Singer, 1962)
Psilocybe goniospora (Berk. & Br.) Singer (Singer, 1962)
Psilocybe ochreata (Berk. & Br.) Horak ex Guzman
(Guzmán, 1983)
Psilocybe pseudobullacea (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1977)
Psilocybe rostrata (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Pulveroboletus xylophilus (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Pyrrhoglossum hepatizon (Berk.) Singer (Singer, 1951)
Pyrrhoglossum holocrocinum (Berk.) Singer (Singer, 1955)
Resupinatus silvanus (Sacc.) Singer (Singer, 1949)
Rhacophyllus lilacinus Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and
Broome, 1871)
Rhodocybe retroflexa (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1977)
Rhodocybe subgilva (Berk. & Br.) Pegler (Pegler, 1977)
Rickenella straminea (Petch) Pegler (Pegler, 1986)
Russula fuscogrisea Petch (Petch, 1922)
Russula periglypta Berk. & Br. (Berkeley and
Broome, 1871)
Russula purpureonigra Petch (Petch, 1917)
Schizophyllum commune Fr. (Fries, 1821)
241
Cookeina tricholoma (Mont.) Kuntze
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Pezizales, Sarcoscyphaceae,
Origin: Native
Habitat: Fallen twigs & wood
Place and year: Morella forest reserve, Knuckles, 2019
Photographed by: Deepthi Yakandawala
Dictyophora indusiata (Vent.) Desv.

Basidiomycota, Agaricomycotina, Phallales, Phallaceae
Origin: Native
Habitat: Grass, soil
Place and year: Peradeniya, 2012
Photographed by: Nimal Adikaram
Geastrum saccatum Fr.

Basidiomycota, Agaricomycotina, Geastrales, Geastraceae
Origin: Native
Habitat: Woodlands, Plant litter
Place and Year: Peradeniya, 2018
Photographed by: Deepthi Yakandawala
Helvella crispa (Scop.) Fr.

Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Pezizales, Hevellaceae
Origin: Native Habitat: Soil, grass
Place and year: Hantana, Kandy, 2020 (This is the first
record in Sri Lanka)
Photographed by: Nimal Adikaram
242
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251
Applications of the National Red List and the Way Forward
Biodiversity is the most valuable resource which has clear- Education and raising awareness
cut impacts on the country’s economy and livelihood of Releasing updates on the National Red List creates
people. Due to this richness and distinctness of assembled significant interest and awareness on threatened plants
biota, Sri Lanka requires assessment of the health of its through a variety of media, especially in televisions, radio,
flora and fauna intermittently. The Red List of Flora provides printed news papers, internet and other social media.
precise judgment of extinction risk of species and health When public awareness and attention are created, human
of ecosystems and environment. Moreover, it also gives a society will pay more attention to being alert on dilemmas
wealth of information on plant resources for sustainable of species and environmental issues. The Botanic Gardens,
application and conservation. Thus, the present effort Zoological Gardens, Museums and other relevant agencies
on preparation of Red Data Book 2020 has recognized its can actively participate in raising awareness of these
applications in future for several disciplines as indicate threatened taxa and their struggle on survival of extinction.
below. Information available at https://www.iucnredlist.
org on ‘How the Red List is used’ was also used as a basis in Learning about Red List of species will be a vital part of
preparation of the following account. the local education system in schools, universities etc.,
Provide Information for Strategies, Policies and covering all ages of future generations. The whole process
Conventions of Red Listing on country’s flora not only motivates actions
It is applied in International Agreements on Biodiversity of academics and professionals in relevant fields but it can
and specifically those ratified by Sri Lanka such as inspire a wide audience in several disciplines of society for
the Convention on International Trade in Endangered new creations for human benefit in art and culture.
Species (CITES), Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD),
etc.,. According to iucnredlist.org the red list provides data Basis for scientific research
for indicators required to measure success of the United The Red List of Plants has updates in both conservation
Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly status and nomenclature of plants. Species with conflicting
Goal 15. It also provides information for updates on issues on conservation status as well as nomenclature and
several national policies, acts and regulations to conserve taxonomy are also recognized during the process. When the
biodiversity at ecosystem or species level including the plant list of the country is updated with recognized issues
Flora and Fauna Protection Ordinance in Sri Lanka. on these disciplines it makes it convenient to appropriately
intervene with scientific research to solve problems for
present applications and future Red Listing. A scientifically
Decision Making on Development Plans and Conservation well served list of plants with assigned threatened
in the Country categories also makes it more elegant for applications in
Development programs including large scale investment research and innovations based on plant resources.
projects implemented by the government are operated
under a multitude of agencies in the government and Contributing to human health and livelihoods
non-government sector. These operations require taking Plants which are already exploited for various purposes
precedence on environment protection for the country’s from indigenous medicine to pharmaceutical industry are
future and sustainable development. When decisions listed with their conservation status. It is very significant
are taken by authorized parties and sectors on such that pocess knowledge of these species on risk of
development projects, Red data on flora and fauna are extinction when accessing their genetic resources. Further,
directly applicable to recognize presence of endemic and it is essential to recognize potential crop wild relatives
endangered taxa/species and value of ecosystems in focus. and medicinal plants which can be applied in Food and
This analysis on value of the ecosystems is significant for Agriculture for benefit of human society and their future
understanding potential environmental consequences in survival especially in the face of climatic changes and
the process for decision-making. Moreover, the wealth of environment crisis.
information accumulated on distribution of threatened/
endemic species is vital for conservation planning under Resource allocation for conservation and application
relevant authorities such as Department of Wild Life and Biodiversity is essentially fundamental to a country’s main
Department of Forest in Sri Lanka. The Red List can also economic sectors in Tourism, Agriculture, and Indigenous
be applied in sustainable exploitation of biodiversity with Medicine and so on. Another aspect of consideration is
appropriate plant species/taxa for industrial applications. funding allocations required on sustainable exploitation
and conservation of plant resources. International
252
organizations such as The Global Environment facility, While considering all these aspects on applications of Red
International Union for Conservation of Nature, Listing as detailed above, the future of Red Listing work
The World Bank etc. require this information for resource should be concerned with specific actions under area/s of
allocations, while the government of Sri Lanka can also focus as presented below.
apply local funding resources appropriately based on
information sources on Red Listing.
Area of Focus Specific Actions Responsible

Institution/s
Provide Information for Strategies, Policies and • Establish a solid basis on Floristic Data BDS, DNBG,
Conventions • Conduct island wide botanical surveys IUCN, UNDP
• Enrichment of National Herbarium collection
• Update the data base with relevant
information
Decision Making on Development Plans and • In-situ Conservation Practices and BDS, FD, DNBG,
Conservation in the Country Management Plans to conserve species and DWLC,
ecosystems CEA
• Ex-Situ Conservation Practices to collect
Native/Endemic/Threatened taxa to conserve
species in ex-situ collections
• Develop guidelines for a methodological and
effective Environment Impact assessment
Surveys for Development Projects
Education and raising awareness • Conduct a series of workshops for different BDS, DNBG, MOE
target groups (government sector, semi
government institutions, schools, universities,
etc.,) for awareness on Red Listing and
Biodiversity Conservation
• publication of information in Sinhala and
Tamil medium/s to disseminate information
to school children and general public
Basis for scientific research • Taxonomy and Systematic studies on different DIM, DNBG, FD,
plant groups with special attention to lower DWLC, DOAY,
plant groups of taxa DOA, DOEA,
• Ecological Research studies aiming Red Listing Universities,
of Ecosystems Research
• Research on Recovery Planning and Institutions (NIFS,
Reintroduction of Threatened flora ITI, etc.,),
• Restoration ecology
• Effects of climate change on biodiversity
• Recognize potential application of medicinal BDS, DIM, DOA,

Contributing to human health and livelihoods plants and crop wild relatives DOAY, IUCN,
• Disseminate information on sustainable MOE, UNDP
application of plant diversity
Resource allocation for conservation and • Recognize prioritized areas for allocation of MOF, BDS, CBD,
application funding and resources GEF, NSF, NRC, SL
• Monitoring progress and evaluate specific –WB, UGC, UNDP
outcomes for implementation
253
In terms of the Red Listing process, it is essential to give Biodiversity Secretariat of the Ministry of Environment in
training facility for officers in the government sector on Sri Lanka. The BDS as the main coordinating agency also
IUCN Red Listing Assessments Guidelines and Criteria. It is requires implementation of continuous monitoring system
necessary to facilitate these institutions with recruitment to understand drawbacks or barriers and solutions on
of suitable staff to carry out Botanical Surveys and Red present challenges. This will also affect responsible agencies
Listing Assessments as continuous processes. In future, a and expertise that contributed to the Red List of Sri Lanka
Red Listing Assessment Unit can be established under the 2021 to act in a responsible manner, updating information
National Herbarium to attend on Red Listing of Flora of Sri and integrated development for the next round of National
Lanka in both National and Global Assessments. Red Listing and Global Red Listing of Sri Lankan Flora.
Further recommendations include, strengthening relevant

agencies and institutions for continuation of actions
with appropriate coordinating mechanism through the
254

The National Red List 2020-The Conservation Status of The Flora of Sri Lanka

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The National Red List 2020-The Conservation Status of The Flora of Sri Lanka

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Scientific Names in Red List 2012

Blepharis maderaspatensis (L.) B.Heyne ex Roth LC

Crossandra infundibuliformis subsp. arida B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Dicliptera neesii (Trimen) L.H.Cramer LC

Dyschoriste madurensis (Brum.f.) Kuntze T: Paraddai VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Dyschoriste nagchana (Nees) Bennet Dyschoriste depressa Nees T: Paduvan, Padvan LC

Ecbolium ligustrinum (Vahl) Vollesen LC

Elytraria acaulis (L.f.) Lindau LC

Gymnostachyum ceylanicum Arn. & Nees NT

Gymnostachyum paniculatum T.Anderson VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Gymnostachyum sanguinolentum (Nees) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Gymnostachyum thwaitesii T.Anderson CR(PE)

Hemigraphis latebrosa (B.Heyne ex Roth) Nees DD

Hygrophila schulli M.R.Almeida S: Katu-ikiriya;

Hygrophila balsamica (L.f.) Raf. LC

Hygrophila ringens (L.) R.Br. ex Spreng. S: Nil-puruk LC

Justicia ceylanica (Nees) T.Anderson VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)

Justicia scandens Vahl Justicia glabra J.Koenig ex Roxb. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Justicia tranquebariensis L.f. LC

Lepidagathis fasciculata (Retz.) Nees LC

Lepidagathis incurva var. lophostachyoides

Monothecium aristatum (Nees) T.Anderson VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)

Nicoteba betonica (L.) Lindau Justicia betonica L. S: Sudu puruk LC

Phaulopsis imbricata (Forssk.)

Pseuderanthemum latifolium (Vahl) B.Hansen NT

Ptyssiglottis sanguinolenta (Vahl) B.Hansen CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)

Rhinacanthus flavovirens Amaras. & Wijes. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz S: Anitta; T: Nagamulli LC

Rhinacanthus polonnaruwensis L.H.Cramer LC

Rostellularia diffusa var. diffusa (Willd.) Nees Justicia diffusa Willd. LC

Rostellularia diffusa var. prostrata (Roxb. ex Justicia prostrata (C.B.Clarke)

Rostellularia procumbens (L.) Nees Justicia procumbens L. S: Mayani LC

Rostellularia royeniana Nees Justicia royeniana (Nees) Clarke NT

Dipteracanthus patulus (Jacq.)

Rungia apiculata Bedd. CR(PE)

Rungia longifolia subsp. latior B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Rungia longifolia Nees VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Rungia pectinata (L.) Nees Rungia parviflora (Retz.) Nees LC

Rungia repens (L.) Nees S: Sulu-nayi LC

Staurogyne zeylanica (Nees) Kuntze CR(PE)

Strobilanthes anceps var. anceps Nees Strobilanthes anceps Nees LC

Strobilanthes arnottiana Nees CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)

Strobilanthes calycina Nees LC

Strobilanthes caudata T.Anderson EX

Stenosiphonium cordifolium var.

Strobilanthes exserta C.B.Clarke EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)

Strobilanthes gardneriana (Nees) T.Anderson CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)

Strobilanthes hookeri Nees LC

Strobilanthes hypericoides J.R.I.Wood CR(PE)

Strobilanthes lupulina Nees LC

Strobilanthes nigrescens T.Anderson CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)

Strobilanthes pentandra J.R.I.Wood CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)

Strobilanthes pulcherrima T.Anderson LC

Strobilanthes rhytisperma C.B.Clarke CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)

Strobilanthes sexennis var. arguta (Nees) B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Strobilanthes thwaitesii T.Anderson CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)

Strobilanthes willisii Carine CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)

Thunbergia fragrans Roxb. LC

Thunbergia laevis var. parviflora (Trimen)

Erythrospermum zeylanicum (Gaertn.) Alston LC

Hydnocarpus octandrus Thwaites Hydnocarpus octandra Gaertn. S: Wal-divul, Wal-dul LC

Trianthema portulacastrum L. S: Heen-sarana LC

Trianthema triquetra Rottler