Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Florida Department of
Environmental Protection
FMRI Technical Report TR-3 1998
Lawton Chiles
Governor of Florida
The Florida Marine Research Institute (FMRI) is a bureau of the Florida Department of Envi-
ronmental Protection (FDEP).The FDEP’s mission is to “protect, conserve, and manage Florida’s
environment and natural resources.” The FMRI conducts applied research pertinent to manag-
ing marine-fishery resources and marine species of special concern in Florida.
Programs at the FMRI focus on resource-management topics such as managing gamefish and
shellfish populations, restoring depleted fish stocks and the habitats that support them, pro-
tecting coral reefs, preventing and mitigating oil-spill damage, protecting endangered and
threatened species, and managing coastal-resource information.
The FMRI publishes three series: Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises, Florida Marine Research Publi-
cations, and FMRI Technical Reports. FMRI Technical Reports contain information relevant to imme-
diate resource-management needs.
Institute Editors
Theresa M. Bert, David K. Camp, Paul R. Carlson, Mark M. Leiby,
William G. Lyons, Anne B. Meylan, Robert G. Muller,
Ruth O. Reese, Carmelo R. Tomas
David K. Camp
William G. Lyons
Thomas H. Perkins
Document Citation
Camp, D. K., W. G. Lyons, and T. H. Perkins. 1998. Checklists of selected shallow-water marine in-
vertebrates of Florida. Florida Marine Research Institute Technical Report TR-3. 238 pp.
Document Production
This document was designed in WordPerfect® (v. 5.1) and Microsoft® Word (v. 6.0) and formatted
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Avant Garde, the text font is Adobe® Palatino, and the cover headline is Adobe® Gill Sans. The
cover and text papers are Consolidated Fortune Matte Recycled. Llyn C. French and James F. Quinn,
Jr., of Florida Marine Research Institute, performed formatting, layout, and production for final
film. Extra! Extra! Graphics Commercial Printers, St. Petersburg, Florida, printed the document.
The papers used in this publication meet the minimum requirements of the American
National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials Z39.48—1992.
Table of Contents
i
Family Spondylidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Family Anomiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Family Ostreidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Family Gryphaeidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Order Veneroida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Family Lucinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Family Ungulinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Family Cyrenoididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Family Chamidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Family Lasaeidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Family Galeommatidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Family Sportellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Family Carditidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Family Condylocardiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Family Astartidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Family Crassatellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Family Cardiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Family Mactridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Family Solenidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Family Pharidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Family Tellinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Family Donacidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Family Psammobiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Family Semelidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Family Solecurtidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Family Dreissenidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Family Trapezidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Family Corbiculidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Family Veneridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Family Petricolidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Order Myoida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Family Myidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Family Corbulidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Family Gastrochaenidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Family Hiatellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Family Pholadidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Family Teredinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Order Pholadomyoida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Family Lyonsiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Family Pandoridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Family Thraciidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Family Periplomatidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Family Poromyidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Family Verticordiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Family Cuspidariidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Class Gastropoda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Order Patellogastropoda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Family Lottiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Order Archaeogastropoda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Family Scissurellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Family Fissurellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Family Turbinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Family Trochidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Family Calliostomatidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
ii
Family Skeneidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Order Neritopsina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Family Neritidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Family Phenacolepadidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Order Neotaenioglossa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Family Obtortionidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Family Litiopidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Family Cerithiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Family Batillariidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Family Potamididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Family Planaxidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Family Modulidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Family Turritellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Family Siliquariidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Family Littorinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Family Skeneopsidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Family Barleeiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Family Rissoidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Family Hydrobiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Family Truncatellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Family Assimineidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Family Elachisinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Family Vitrinellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Family Caecidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Family Strombidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Family Hipponicidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Family Vanikoridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Family Calyptraeidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Family Capulidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Family Xenophoridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Family Vermetidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Family Cypraeidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Family Ovulidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Family Triviidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Family Lamellariidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Family Naticidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Family Cassidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Family Tonnidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Family Ficidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Family Ranellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Family Personidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Family Bursidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Family Cerithiopsidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Family Triphoridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Family Epitoniidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Family Janthinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Family Aclididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Family Eulimidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Order Neogastropoda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Family Muricidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Family Coralliophilidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Family Turbinellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Family Buccinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
iii
Family Melongenidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Family Nassariidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Family Fasciolariidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Family Columbellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Family Volutidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Family Olividae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Family Harpidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Family Cystiscidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Family Marginellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Family Mitridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Family Costellariidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Family Cancellariidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Family Drilliidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Family Terebridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Family Strictispiridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Family Turridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Family Conidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Subclass Heterobranchia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Order Heterostropha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Family Cornirostridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Family Mathildidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Family Architectonicidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Family Rissoellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Family Ebalidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Family Pyramidellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Family Amathinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Order Uncertain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Family Acteonidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Subclass Opisthobranchia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Order Cephalaspidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Family Ringiculidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Family Aplustridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Family Cylichnidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Family Philinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Family Aglajidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Family Gastropteridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Family Retusidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Family Bullidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Family Haminoeidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Family Runcinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Order Acochlidioidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Family Microhedylidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Order Thecosomata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Family Cavoliniidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Order Anaspidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Family Akeridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Family Aplysiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Family Notarchidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Order Sacoglossa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Family Volvatellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Family Cylindrobullidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Family Oxynoidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Family Juliidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Family Elysiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
iv
Family Polybranchiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Family Costasiellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Family Stiligeridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Order Notaspidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Family Umbraculidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Family Pleurobranchidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Order Nudibranchia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Family Corambidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Family Goniodorididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Family Aegiretidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Family Polyceratidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Family Chromodorididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Family Asteronotidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Family Dorididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Family Dendrodorididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Family Phyllidiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Family Archidorididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Family Discodorididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Family Platydorididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Family Tritoniidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Family Bornellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Family Lomanotidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Family Scyllaeidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Family Dotoidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Family Arminidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Family Janolidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Family Flabellinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Family Eubranchidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Family Tergipedidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Family Fionidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Family Facelinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Family Aeolidiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Family Glaucidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Subclass Pulmonata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Order Archaeopulmonata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Family Ellobiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Order Basommatophora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Family Siphonariidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Family Trimusculidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Order Systellommatophora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Family Onchidiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Class Cephalopoda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Order Sepioidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Family Spirulidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Family Sepiolidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Order Teuthoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Family Loliginidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Order Octopoda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Family Octopodidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Family Argonautidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Pelagic Mollusks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Class Gastropoda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Order Neotaenioglossa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
v
Family Atlantidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Family Carinariidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Family Pterotracheidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Order Thecosomata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Family Limacinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Family Cavoliniidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Family Peraclididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Order Gymnosomata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Family Clionidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Family Cliopsidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Family Notobranchaeidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Family Pneumodermatidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Family Thliptodontidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Order Nudibranchia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Family Phylliroidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
CHECKLIST OF SHALLOW–WATER MARINE POLYCHAETOUS ANNELIDA OF FLORIDA . . . 79
Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Checklist of the Polychaetous Annelida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Phylum Annelida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Class Polychaeta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Order Phyllodocida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Family Phyllodocidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Family Lacydoniidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Family Glyceridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Family Goniadidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Family Sphaerodoridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Family Hesionidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Family Pilargidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Family Syllidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Family Nereididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Family Nephtyidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Family Paralacydoniidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Family Aphroditidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Family Polynoidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Family Acoetidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Family Eulepethidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Family Sigalionidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Family Pholoidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Family Chrysopetalidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Family Pisionidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Order Amphinomida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Family Amphinomidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Family Euphrosinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Order Eunicida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Family Onuphidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Family Eunicidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Family Lumbrineridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Family Oenonidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Family Dorvilleidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Order Orbiniida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Family Orbiniidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
vi
Order Spionida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Family Spionidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Family Poecilochaetidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Family Longosomatidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Order Chaetopterida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Family Chaetopteridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Order Magelonida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Family Magelonidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Order Cirratulida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Family Paraonidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Family Questidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Family Cirratulidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Order Ctenodrilida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Family Ctenodrilidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Order Cossurida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Family Cossuridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Order Flabelligerida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Family Flabelligeridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Family Acrocirridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Family Fauveliopsidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Order Opheliida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Family Opheliidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Family Scalibregmatidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Order Sternaspida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Family Sternaspidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Order Capitellida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Family Capitellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Family Maldanidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Family Arenicolidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Order Oweniida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Family Oweniidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Order Terebellida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Family Pectinariidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Family Sabellariidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Family Ampharetidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Family Trichobranchidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Family Terebellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Order Sabellida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Family Sabellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Family Serpulidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Family Spirorbidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Order Nerillida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Family Nerillidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Order Polygordiida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Family Polygordiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Order Protodrilida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Family Saccocirridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
CHECKLIST OF SHALLOW–WATER MARINE MALACOSTRACAN CRUSTACEA OF FLORIDA 123
Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Checklist of the Malacostracan Crustacea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Phylum Arthropoda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
vii
Subphylum Crustacea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Class Malacostraca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Subclass Phyllocarida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Order Leptostraca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Family Nebaliidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Subclass Hoplocarida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Order Stomatopoda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Suborder Unipeltata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Superfamily Gonodactyloidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Family Eurysquillidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Family Gonodactylidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Family Odontodactylidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Family Pseudosquillidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Superfamily Lysiosquilloidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Family Lysiosquillidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Family Nannosquillidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Family Tetrasquillidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Superfamily Squilloidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Family Squillidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Subclass Eumalacostraca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Superorder Peracarida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Order Mysidacea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Suborder Mysida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Family Mysidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Subfamily Siriellinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Subfamily Gastrosaccinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Subfamily Mysinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Order Amphipoda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Suborder Ingolfiellidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Family Ingolfiellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Suborder Gammaridea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Family Ampeliscidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Family Amphilochidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Family Ampithoidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Family Anamixidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Family Aoridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Family Argissidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Family Aristiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Family Bateidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Family Biancolinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Family Cheluridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Family Colomastigidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Family Corophiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Subfamily Corophiinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Family Cyproideidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Family Dexaminidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Family Epimeriidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Family Eusiridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Family Gammaridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Family Haustoriidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Family Hyalellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Family Hyalidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Family Iphimediidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Family Ischyroceridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
viii
Family Leucothoidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Family Liljeborgiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Family Lysianassidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Subfamily Lysianassinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Subfamily Tryphosinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Family Megaluropidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Family Melphidippidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Family Ochlesidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Family Oedicerotidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Family Phliantidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Family Phoxocephalidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Subfamily Brolginae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Subfamily Metharpiniinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Family Platyischnopidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Family Pleustidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Subfamily Parapleustinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Subfamily Stenopleustinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Family Podoceridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Family Pontoporeiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Family Sebidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Family Stenothoidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Family Synopiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Family Talitridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Suborder Caprellidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Family Caprellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Family Caprellinoididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Family Pariambidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Family Phtisicidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Subfamily Phtisicinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Family Protellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Order Isopoda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Suborder Anthuridea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Family Anthuridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Family Hyssuridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Family Paranthuridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Suborder Asellota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Superfamily Gnathostenetroidoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Family Gnathostenetroididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Superfamily Janiroidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Family Incertae Sedis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Family Janiridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Family Joeropsidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Family Munnidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Family Paramunnidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Family Pleurocopidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Family Santiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Superfamily Stenetrioidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Family Stenetriidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Suborder Epicaridea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Family Bopyridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Subfamily Athelginae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Subfamily Bopyrinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Subfamily Hemiarthrinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
ix
Subfamily Ioninae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Subfamily Pseudioninae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Family Entoniscidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Suborder Flabellifera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Family Aegidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Family Tridentellidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Family Cirolanidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Subfamily Cirolaninae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Subfamily Conilerinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Subfamily Eurydicinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Family Corallanidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Family Cymothoidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Family Limnoriidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Family Serolidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Family Sphaeromatidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Subfamily Ancininae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Subfamily Cassidininae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Subfamily Dynameninae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Subfamily Sphaeromatinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Suborder Gnathiidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Family Gnathiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Suborder Microcerberidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Family Microcerberidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Suborder Oniscidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Infraorder Tylomorpha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Family Tylidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Infraorder Ligiamorpha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Section Diplocheta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Family Ligiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Section Crinocheta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Superfamily Oniscoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Family Halophilosciidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Family Philosciidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Family Rhyscotidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Family Scyphacidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Suborder Valvifera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Family Arcturidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Subfamily Arcturinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Subfamily Edwinjoycinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Family Chaetiliidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Family Idoteidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Subfamily Idoteinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Order Tanaidacea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Suborder Tanaidomorpha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Superfamily Tanaoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Family Tanaidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Subfamily Pancolinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Superfamily Paratanaoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Family Anarthruridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Family Leptocheliidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Family Nototanaidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Family Pseudotanaidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Subfamily Cryptocopinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Subfamily Pseudotanainae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
x
Suborder Apseudomorpha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Superfamily Apseudoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Family Apseudidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Family Cirratodactylidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Family Kalliapseudidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Family Pagurapseudidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Family Parapseudidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Order Cumacea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Family Bodotriidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Subfamily Bodotriinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Subfamily Mancocuminae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Subfamily Vaunthompsoniinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Family Diastylidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Family Leuconidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Family Nannastacidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Superorder Eucarida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Order Euphausiacea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Family Euphausiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Order Decapoda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Suborder Dendrobranchiata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Superfamily Penaeoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Family Penaeidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Family Sicyoniidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Family Solenoceridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Superfamily Sergestoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Family Sergestidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Family Luciferidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Suborder Pleocyemata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Infraorder Stenopodidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Family Spongicolidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Family Stenopodidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Infraorder Caridea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Superfamily Pasiphaeoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Family Pasiphaeidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Superfamily Atyoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Family Atyidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Superfamily Bresilioidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Family Bresiliidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Superfamily Nematocarcinoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Family Rhynchocinetidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Superfamily Palaemonoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Family Anchistioididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Family Gnathophyllidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Family Palaemonidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Subfamily Palaemoninae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Subfamily Pontoniinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Superfamily Alpheoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Family Alpheidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Family Hippolytidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Family Ogyrididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Superfamily Processoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Family Processidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Superfamily Crangonoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
xi
Family Crangonidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Infraorder Astacidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Superfamily Enoplometopoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Family Enoplometopidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Infraorder Thalassinidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Superfamily Callianassoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Family Callianassidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Subfamily Callianassinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Subfamily Callichirinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Subfamily Cheraminae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Subfamily Eucalliinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Family Ctenochelidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Subfamily Ctenochelinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Family Laomediidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Family Upogebiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Superfamily Axioidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Family Axiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Family Micheleidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Infraorder Palinura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Superfamily Palinuroidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Family Palinuridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Family Scyllaridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Subfamily Ibacinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Subfamily Scyllarinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Family Synaxidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Infraorder Anomura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Superfamily Coenobitoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Family Coenobitidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Family Diogenidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Superfamily Paguroidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Family Paguridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Superfamily Galatheoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Family Galatheidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Family Porcellanidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Superfamily Hippoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Family Albuneidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Family Hippidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Superfamily Dromioidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Family Dromiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Infraorder Brachyura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Section Archaeobrachyura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Superfamily Homoloidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Family Cyclodorippidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Superfamily Raninoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Family Raninidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Subfamily Ranininae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Subfamily Notopodinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Subfamily Symethinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Section Oxystomata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Superfamily Dorippoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Family Dorippidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Subfamily Ethusinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Superfamily Leucosioidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Family Calappidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
xii
Subfamily Calappinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Subfamily Matutinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Family Leucosiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Subfamily Ebaliinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Subfamily Iliinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Section Oxyrhyncha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Superfamily Majoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Family Majidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Subfamily Inachinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Subfamily Epialtinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Subfamily Pisinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Subfamily Majinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Subfamily Tychinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Superfamily Parthenopoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Family Parthenopidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Subfamily Parthenopinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Section Brachyrhyncha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Superfamily Portunoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Family Portunidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Subfamily Polybiinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Subfamily Portuninae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Superfamily Xanthoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Family Goneplacidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Family Xanthidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Superfamily Grapsidoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Family Gecarcinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Family Grapsidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Subfamily Grapsinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Subfamily Plagusiinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Subfamily Sesarminae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Subfamily Varuninae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Superfamily Pinnotheroidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Family Pinnotheridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Subfamily Pinnotherinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Subfamily Pinnothereliinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Superfamily Ocypodoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Family Ocypodidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Subfamily Ocypodinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Family Palicidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Superfamily Cryptochiroidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Family Cryptochiridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
CHECKLIST OF SHALLOW–WATER ECHINODERMATA OF FLORIDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Checklist of the Echinodermata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Phylum Echinodermata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Class Crinoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Order Comatulida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Family Comasteridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Class Asteroidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Order Paxillosida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Family Luidiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
xiii
Family Astropectinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Order Valvatida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Family Asterinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Family Goniasteridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Family Ophidiasteridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Family Mithrodiidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Family Asteropseidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Family Oreasteridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Order Spinulosida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Family Echinasteridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Order Forcipulatida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Family Asteriidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Class Ophiuroidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Order Phrynophiurida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Family Ophiomyxidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Family Gorgonocephalidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Order Ophiurida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Family Ophiuridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Family Ophiocomidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Family Ophionereididae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Family Ophiodermatidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Family Ophiactidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Family Amphiuridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Family Ophiothricidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Class Echinoidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Order Cidaroida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Family Cidaridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Order Diadematoida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Family Diadematidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Order Arbacioida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Family Arbaciidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Order Temnopleuroida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Family Temnopleuridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Family Toxopneustidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Order Echinoida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Family Echinometridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Order Holectypoida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Family Echinoneidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Order Clypeasteroida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Family Clypeasteridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Family Mellitidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Order Spatangoida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Family Schizasteridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Family Brissidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Class Holothuroidea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Order Dendrochirotida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Family Cucumariidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Family Sclerodactylidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Family Phyllophoridae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Order Aspidochirotida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Family Stichopodidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Family Holothuriidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Order Molpadiida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Family Caudinidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
xiv
Order Apodida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Family Synaptidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Family Chiridotidae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
INDEX OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
xv
Rationale and Scope of Checklists
David K. Camp, William G. Lyons, and Thomas H. Perkins
The Florida Department of Environmental Protection brate species belong to four principal groups: mol-
is preparing to use biological criteria to assess human lusks, polychaetous annelids, malacostracan crus-
impacts on the ambient water quality of Florida’s es- taceans, and echinoderms (Table 1). Species of these
tuaries and nearshore coastal zone. The use of biocri- groups are prominent in epibenthic and infaunal sam-
teria in environmental regulation and management ples taken in shallow waters, and they generally con-
is based on the principle that species composition and tribute the greatest numbers of species and individu-
biotic abundance can serve as indicators of the envi- als found in these types of samples. Depending on
ronmental quality of a community and that these bi- the habitat and the type of gear used, it is not unusual
ological factors can be assessed to detect deviations in for single samples of Florida marine benthos to con-
community condition and to evaluate trends in envi- tain from 30 to more than 100 species belonging to
ronmental health (Karr and Chu, 1997). To be able to these four groups. Because of this great diversity, iden-
perform such assessments, however, ecologists must tifying organisms to the species level can be difficult
have access to resources that will allow them to make and time-consuming.
accurate and consistent identifications of the biologi- Common impediments to the identification process
cal components of the community. Accuracy and con- include scattered or incomplete information on a fauna,
sistency of identification are integral parts of biologi- out-of-date literature, and occurrences of “new” (un-
cal quality assurance in regulatory ecology, an enter- described) or extralimital species. Even with the recent
prise whose results must be both scientifically valid and decline of taxonomy as a research discipline, newly de-
defensible.The more accurate and consistent the iden- scribed marine invertebrate species are being added
tifications of the biological components of the marine to the list of Florida’s fauna every year, and specimens
community are, the more likely it is that trends can be of other still-undescribed species are present in many
detected. If early warning signs of environmental im- museum collections, including the Florida Marine Re-
pairment in Florida’s marine communities are to be rec- search Institute’s Marine Specimen Collection at St. Pe-
ognized, identifications must be accurate at the species tersburg. Moreover, the classification of the major ma-
level. rine invertebrate groups is dynamic, changing as the
Identifying the fauna of Florida’s estuarine and understanding of phylogenetic relationships increases,
coastal marine communities is a challenging task. so even quite familiar names may change from time to
Florida is located in the transition area between two ma- time. All of these factors pose problems of accuracy and
rine zoogeographic zones, the tropical zone to the consistency for those charged with conducting long-
south and the temperate zone to the north, and mul- term, community-level comparisons of fauna within
titudes of species related to each of these zones con- and between programs and with maintaining Florida’s
tribute to the state’s fauna, which also contains a sig- marine biodiversity.
nificant endemic component. As a consequence, more The production, distribution, and periodic up-dat-
species of marine organisms may be found in Florida ing of authoritative identification guides would do
waters than in those of any other of the continental much to improve the accuracy and consistency of iden-
United States. tifications (Carney, 1996). By making these guides avail-
Most of Florida’s benthic marine macroinverte- able to those engaged in faunal assessments in many
Table 1. Numbers of families, genera, and species-level taxa of shallow-water (<37-m depth) marine Mollusca, poly-
chaetous Annelida, malacostracan Crustacea, and Echinodermata known from Florida in 1997.
separate investigations, we can help to ensure that the known only from nearby states and countries (e.g., Ba-
same animal will be consistently identified by the same hama Islands, Cuba) could also occur in Florida waters.
name and that the name selected will be based upon These lists are works in progress, and they should be
the most accurate information. Problems posed by re- updated regularly. Compilation of this version ended
classifications or by the appearances of “new” (unde- in November 1997.
scribed, recently described, or extralimital) species Individual accounts of methods and acknowledg-
can be mitigated by periodic and timely updates of the ments related to the creation of each list are presented
guides. below, and the list for each group is accompanied by
A first step in producing identification guides is to a separate compilation of pertinent literature.The ref-
prepare authoritative, up-to-date checklists of all erences cited in those compilations include all litera-
species of the major marine benthic macroinverte- ture sources consulted during the preparation of that
brate groups known from shallow Florida waters. Such list, as well as some other references useful in classi-
checklists will serve two purposes—they will provide fying and identifying organisms of that group. Many
ecologists with up-to-date names for most of Florida’s other references have also been included to guide the
benthic macroinvertebrates, and they will provide a user to pertinent information on the communities in
basis from which to plan the scope and production of which the organisms live and the forces that may im-
illustrated guides to the marine fauna of Florida. The pact those organisms and their communities; how-
purpose of this paper is to initiate that first step. An ever, the lists of references do not include all papers
electronic network (perhaps via an Internet website) that have treated Florida’s benthic invertebrates. The
should also be established to allow easy access to the sound management of Florida’s marine resources will
checklists and to inform Florida ecologists of nomen- depend not only upon the consistent and accurate
clatural changes to the checklists and of associated identification of organisms but also upon an under-
identification literature. standing and appreciation of the composition and dy-
The checklists of mollusks, polychaetous annelids, namics of the communities in which these organisms
malacostracan crustaceans, and echinoderms that fol- live.
low list all species of these groups known to occur in
Florida’s estuarine and coastal marine waters offshore Acknowledgments
to depths of approximately 37 meters (20 fathoms or
120 feet).The 37-m depth was selected as a deep-water We thank the following people, who contributed their
boundary because this depth has been shown to be an time and effort to improving the quality of this check-
approximate point of transition between the faunas of list. Staff of the library at Florida Marine Research In-
shallow coastal zones and those of intermediate and stitute (FMRI) (Jan Boyett, Bob Brock, Felice Drouin, and
deeper shelf zones, at least off western Florida (Lyons, James Thomas) acquired and provided copies of many
1980; Lyons and Camp, 1983). Although such points of of the publications we consulted. James F. Quinn, Jr.,
transition can differ between animal groups and, cer- Llyn French, and Judy Leiby, of the FMRI Publications
tainly, among locations in a region as large and envi- Production Office, edited our copy, assembled our sev-
ronmentally diverse as Florida, we have found that eral word-processing files into the finished document,
many of the species that demonstrate fidelity to par- and assisted in improving this work. Funding was pro-
ticular depth zones off western Florida maintain that vided by Florida Department of Environmental Pro-
fidelity in other areas of the state. As a caveat to that tection, Division of Water Facilities, Bureau of Water Re-
generalization, it is important to recognize the phe- sources Protection from FY 1997 U.S. Environmental
nomenon of latitudinal submergence—species that Protection Agency 604(b) grant monies administered
inhabit very shallow waters in the Florida Keys and by Mary Paulic. We are grateful to the department for
along southeastern Florida may be found only in deeper giving us the opportunity to assemble these lists and
waters farther north. However, the converse is seldom associated references. Finally, we are especially grate-
true—benthic macroinvertebrate species that cus- ful to Paul Humann, marine life author and photog-
tomarily inhabit Florida’s intermediate and deeper rapher, for allowing several of his excellent photographs
shelf communities are rarely found in inshore waters to grace the cover of this document.
of Florida (although a few occur in lesser depths off
New England). Literature Cited
The checklists should not be considered a complete
listing of all species that live in Florida waters, be- CARNEY, R. S. 1996. On the adequacy and improvement
cause undescribed species in museum collections are of marine benthic pre-impact surveys. Pp. 295-315 in
usually not included, and many species currently Schmitt, R. J., and C. W. Osenberg (eds.), Detecting Eco-
logical Impacts: Concepts and Applications in Coastal West Florida Shelf. Bulletin of the American Malaco-
Habitats. Academic Press, New York. xx + 401 pp. logical Union, Inc. (1979): 37-40.
KARR, J. R., and E. W. CHU. 1997. Biological monitor- LYONS, W. G., and D. K. CAMP. 1983. Zones of faunal
ing and assessment: Using multimetric indexes effec- similarity within the Hourglass study area. Pp. 44-46
tively. EPA 235-R97-001. University of Washington, in Proceedings of the Third Annual Gulf of Mexico
Seattle. vii + 149 pp. Information Transfer Meeting, December 1982. United
States Department of the Interior, Minerals Manage-
LYONS, W. G. 1980. Molluscan communities of the ment Service, New Orleans.
unreferenced names (e.g., Nassarius sp. A). On an en- gastropods, and each card presents the name, range,
couraging note, several of these species are the subjects diagnostic comments, and illustrations for a different
of ongoing studies, so names for some of them may be species of that family. Nearly all of the packs contain
available soon. cards treating species of the Florida fauna, but such in-
Copies of the draft list were sent to three review- formation is readily available elsewhere for some fam-
ers (see acknowledgments), each of whom provided ilies (e.g., Strombidae), so those packs are not cited
comments that improved the final document. here. In other cases, however, the information in the
card packs is superior in accuracy and quality of il-
References lustration to any other information on those species,
and an effort has been made to list the most pertinent
The accompanying compendium of references pre- of those packs. Examples of packs especially useful as
sents citations for nearly 1,100 books, journal articles, identification aids for Florida species include those
dissertations, theses, contract reports, and popular ar- on Olividae (especially Olivella), Nassariidae, and Tur-
ticles containing information on the classification, ridae.
identification, distribution, life history, and ecology of A few articles from shell club newsletters have
the shallow-water mollusks of Florida.The list is by no been included as examples of this information re-
means complete. For example, the classic works in source. Such articles can provide a wealth of informa-
which many of Florida’s most well-known mollusks tion on local faunas, and in many instances they con-
were described (e.g., the works of Linnaeus, Gmelin, stitute the only record of local occurrence for a given
Lamarck, Say, and others) have been omitted, although species. Many useful and informative articles have
an attempt has been made to include early faunal sur- been published in Shell-O-Gram, the newsletter of the
veys that documented and described Florida species Jacksonville Shell Club, in Seafari, the now-defunct
(e.g., Conrad, 1846; Calkins, 1878; Dall, 1884). Many newsletter of the Palm Beach County Shell Club, and
popular guides to the identification of Florida mol- in similar publications. Some of those newsletter ar-
lusks have been listed, but some are included princi- ticles have been later cited in scientific reports, but this
pally for their historical value (e.g., Aldrich and Sny- is not peer-reviewed literature, and such articles
der, 1936; Morris, 1947), and some of the less useful pa- should be used with caution. On the other hand, some
perback guides to seashells have been omitted. of the shell collectors who write these articles are more
Likewise, most of the popular guides to worldwide knowledgable identifiers of local fauna than are some
seashells have been omitted, even though some of of the biologists who identified mollusks for some of
them include information on Florida shells. Many pa- the environmental surveys cited in the present com-
pers concerned only with the mollusks of Florida’s pendium. In fact, there seems to be an increasing ten-
deeper-water shelf and slope have also been omitted. dency towards the publication of incorrect molluscan
Papers describing the births, romances, diets, in- identifications in the peer-reviewed scientific literature,
terspecific associates, competitive struggles, deaths, especially in papers reporting general faunal assess-
and similar facets of the natural history of Florida mol- ments, and some of those papers listed here contain
lusks have been included on the assumption that such remarkable errors. The best rule is to accept that in-
information can lead to a better understanding of the formation which seems reasonable and seek verifica-
organisms by those who would study or manage them. tion for that which does not, regardless of the source.
On the other hand, reports of the ordinary data of
fisheries (effort, landings, and economics) have been Acknowledgments
excluded, as such information is generally available
elsewhere. Also excluded are papers on the more com- Dr. Paula M. Mikkelsen, Department of Invertebrates,
plex aspects of molluscan biology, such as anatomy, em- American Museum of Natural History, New York, and
bryology, and biochemistry. Thus, a paper on prey Dr. James F. Quinn, Jr., Florida Department of Envi-
preferences of a predatory gastropod would be in- ronmental Protection, Florida Marine Research Insti-
cluded, but a paper describing the cell structure of tute, St. Petersburg, each reviewed the entire draft list,
that predator’s stomach wall would not. and Dr. Kerry B. Clark, Department of Biological Sci-
One very useful source of information on Florida’s ences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, re-
molluscan fauna is S. D. Kaicher’s Card Catalogue of viewed sections on aplacophorans and heterobranch
World-Wide Shells, a series of 60 card packs published and opisthobranch gastropods. Each of the reviewers
individually between 1973 and 1992. Each pack consists has extensive experience working with the marine
of approximately 108 3 × 5 cards dedicated to a single molluscan fauna of Florida, and each contributed valu-
family (or occasionally two related families) of marine able comments that improved the list. This effort also
benefited from information provided by many others Mr. Eugene V. Coan, Palo Alto, California; Dr.Terrence
who contributed to or reviewed manuscript drafts of Gosliner, California Academy of Science, San Fran-
the American Fisheries Society list (Turgeon et al., cisco; Dr. Harry G. Lee, Jacksonville, Florida; Dr. Gary
1998). Notable among these are Mr. Kurt Auffenberg, McDonald, Long Marine Laboratory, Santa Cruz, Cal-
Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville; Dr. ifornia; and Dr. Gary Rosenberg, Academy of Natural
Robert C. Bullock, University of Rhode Island, Kingston; Sciences of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Genus Chama Linnaeus, 1758 Genus Ensitellops Olsson & Harbison, 1953
Chama congregata Conrad, 1833 Ensitellops protextus (Conrad, 1841)
Chama florida Lamarck, 1819
Chama macerophylla Gmelin, 1791 Family Carditidae Fleming, 1828
Chama sarda Reeve, 1847
Chama sinuosa Broderip, 1835 Genus Carditamera Conrad, 1838
Carditamera floridana Conrad, 1838
Genus Pseudochama Odhner, 1917
Pseudochama inezae Bayer, 1943 Genus Glans Mühlfeld, 1811
Pseudochama radians (Lamarck, 1819) Glans dominguensis (d’Orbigny, 1842)
Diodora jaumei Aguayo & Rehder, 1936 Genus Didianema Woodring, 1928
Diodora listeri (d’Orbigny, 1842) Didianema pauli Pilsbry & McGinty, 1945
Diodora meta (von Ihering, 1927)
Diodora minuta (Lamarck, 1822) Genus Eulithidium Pilsbry, 1898
Diodora sayi (Dall, 1889) Eulithidium affine (C. B. Adams, 1850)
Diodora variegata G. B. Sowerby II, 1862 Eulithidium bellum (M. Smith, 1937)
Diodora viridula (Lamarck, 1822) Eulithidium pterocladicum (Robertson, 1958)
Eulithidium thalassicola (Robertson, 1958)
Genus Emarginula Lamarck, 1801
Emarginula dentigera Heilprin, 1889 Genus Lithopoma J. E. Gray, 1850
Emarginula phrixodes Dall, 1927 Lithopoma americanum (Gmelin, 1791)
Emarginula pumila (A. Adams, 1852) Lithopoma caelatum (Gmelin, 1791)
Lithopoma tectum (Lightfoot, 1786)
Genus Fissurella Bruguière, 1789 Lithopoma tuber (Linnaeus, 1767)
Fissurella angusta (Gmelin, 1791)
Fissurella barbadensis (Gmelin, 1791) Genus Turbo Linnaeus, 1758
Fissurella fascicularis Lamarck, 1822 Turbo cailletii P. Fischer & Bernardi, 1856
Fissurella nodosa (Born, 1778) Turbo canaliculatus Hermann, 1781
Fissurella rosea (Gmelin, 1791) Turbo castanea Gmelin, 1791
Genus Nodilittorina von Martens, 1897 Genus Zebina H. & A. Adams, 1854
Nodilittorina angustior (Mørch, 1876) Zebina browniana (d’Orbigny, 1842)
Nodilittorina dilatata (d’Orbigny, 1842) Zebina laevigata (C. B. Adams, 1850)
Nodilittorina meleagris (Potiez & Michaud, 1838)
Nodilittorina mespillum (Mühlfeld, 1824) Family Hydrobiidae Troschel, 1857
Nodilittorina riisei (Mørch, 1876)
Nodilittorina ziczac (Gmelin, 1791) Genus Floridiscrobs Pilsbry & McGinty, 1949
Floridiscrobs dysbatus (Pilsbry & McGinty, 1949)
Genus Tectarius Valenciennes, 1833
Tectarius antonii (Philippi, 1846) Genus Heleobops F. G. Thompson, 1968
Heleobops docimus F. G. Thompson, 1968
Family Skeneopsidae Iredale, 1915
Genus Littoridinops Pilsbry, 1952
Genus Skeneopsis Iredale, 1915 Littoridinops monroensis (Frauenfeld, 1863)
Skeneopsis planorbis (Fabricius, 1780) Littoridinops palustris F. G. Thompson, 1968
Littoridinops tenuipes (Couper, 1844)
Family Barleeiidae Thiele, 1925
Genus Onobops F. G. Thompson, 1968
Genus Amphithalamus Carpenter, 1865 Onobops crassus F. G. Thompson, 1968
Amphithalamus vallei Aguayo & Jaume, 1947 Onobops jacksoni (Bartsch, 1953)
Genus Vanikoro Quoy & Gaimard, 1832 Genus Propustularia Schilder, 1927
Vanikoro oxychone Mørch, 1877 Propustularia surinamensis (G. Perry, 1811)
Family Janthinidae Lamarck, 1812 Genus Umbilibalcis Bouchet & Warén, 1986
Umbilibalcis lata (Dall, 1889)
Genus Janthina Röding, 1798
Janthina exigua Lamarck, 1816 Genus Vitreolina Monterosato, 1884
Janthina globosa Swainson, 1822 Vitreolina arcuata (C. B. Adams, 1850)
Janthina janthina (Linnaeus, 1758) Vitreolina bermudezi (Pilsbry & Aguayo, 1933)
Janthina pallida W. Thompson, 1840
Order Neogastropoda Thiele, 1929
Genus Recluzia Petit de la Saussaye, 1853 Family Muricidae Rafinesque, 1815
Recluzia rollandiana Petit de la Saussaye, 1853
Genus Acanthotrophon Hertlein & Strong, 1951
Family Aclididae G. O. Sars, 1878 Acanthotrophon striatoides Vokes, 1980
Family Eulimidae Troschel, 1853 Genus Calotrophon Hertlein & Strong, 1951
Calotrophon ostrearum (Conrad, 1846)
Genus Ersilia Monterosato, 1872
Ersilia stancyki Warén, 1980 Genus Chicoreus Montfort, 1810
Chicoreus dilectus (A. Adams, 1855)
Genus Eulima Risso, 1826 Chicoreus pomum (Gmelin, 1791)
Eulima auricincta (Abbott, 1958)
Eulima bifasciata d’Orbigny, 1842 Genus Dermomurex Monterosato, 1890
Eulima fulvocincta C. B. Adams, 1850 Dermomurex elizabethae (McGinty, 1940)
Dermomurex pacei Petuch, 1988
Genus Eulimostraca Bartsch, 1917 Dermomurex pauperculus (C. B. Adams, 1850)
Eulimostraca subcarinata (d’Orbigny, 1842)
Genus Eupleura H. & A. Adams, 1853
Eupleura caudata (Say, 1822)
Genus Melanella Bowdich, 1822
Eupleura sulcidentata Dall, 1890
Melanella conoidea (Kurtz & Stimpson, 1851)
Melanella eulimoides (C. B. Adams, 1850)
Genus Favartia Jousseaume, 1880
Melanella gracilis (C. B. Adams, 1850)
Favartia alveata (Kiener, 1842)
Melanella jamaicensis (C. B. Adams, 1845)
Favartia cellulosa (Conrad, 1846)
Favartia minirosea (Abbott, 1954)
Genus Microeulima Warén, 1992
Favartia pacei Petuch, 1988
Microeulima hemphillii (Dall, 1884)
Favartia richardbinghami (Petuch, 1987)
Genus Nanobalcis Warén in Warén & Mifsud, 1990 Genus Haustellum Schumacher, 1817
Nanobalcis worsfoldi Warén, 1990 Haustellum bellegladeense (Vokes, 1963)
Haustellum cabritii (Bernardi, 1859)
Genus Niso Risso, 1826 Haustellum rubidum (F. C. Baker, 1897)
Niso aeglees Bush, 1885
Niso hendersoni Bartsch, 1953 Genus Hexaplex G. Perry, 1810
Hexaplex fulvescens (G. B. Sowerby II, 1834)
Genus Oceanida de Folin, 1870
Oceanida graduata de Folin, 1870 Genus Murexiella Clench & Farfante, 1945
Oceanida inglei Lyons, 1978 Murexiella glypta (M. Smith, 1938)
Murexiella kalafuti Petuch, 1987
Genus Pelseneeria Kohler & Vaney, 1908 Murexiella levicula (Dall, 1889)
Pelseneeria stimpsonii (A. E.Verrill, 1872) Murexiella macgintyi (M. Smith, 1938)
Genus Muricopsis Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus, Bailya intricata (Dall, 1884)
1882 Bailya parva (C. B. Adams, 1850)
Muricopsis caribbaea (Bartsch & Rehder, 1939) Bailya weberi (Watters, 1983)
Muricopsis oxytata (M. Smith, 1938)
Genus Cantharus Röding, 1798
Genus Plicopurpura Cossmann, 1903 Cantharus cancellarius (Conrad, 1846)
Plicopurpura patula (Linnaeus, 1758) Cantharus multangulus (Philippi, 1848)
Nassarius vibex (Say, 1822) Costoanachis lafresnayi (P. Fischer & Bernardi,
1857)
Family Fasciolariidae J. E. Gray, 1853 Costoanachis semiplicata (Stearns, 1873)
Costoanachis similis (Ravenel, 1861)
Genus Fasciolaria Lamarck, 1799 Costoanachis sparsa (Reeve, 1859)
Fasciolaria hunteria (G. Perry, 1811)
Fasciolaria tulipa (Linnaeus, 1758) Genus Mazatlania Dall, 1913
Mazatlania cosentini (Philippi, 1836)
Genus Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
Fusinus eucosmius (Dall, 1889) Genus Mitrella Risso, 1826
Fusinus helenae Bartsch, 1939 Mitrella dichroa (G. B. Sowerby I, 1844)
Mitrella ocellata (Gmelin, 1791)
Genus Heilprinia Grabau, 1904
Heilprinia timessa (Dall, 1889) Genus Nassarina Dall, 1889
Nassarina bushiae (Dall, 1889)
Genus Latirus Montfort, 1810 Nassarina glypta (Bush, 1885)
Latirus angulatus (Röding, 1798)
Latirus carinifer Lamarck, 1822 Genus Nitidella Swainson, 1840
Latirus infundibulum (Gmelin, 1791) Nitidella nitida (Lamarck, 1822)
Latirus nematus Woodring, 1928
Genus Parvanachis Radwin, 1968
Genus Leucozonia J. E. Gray, 1847 Parvanachis obesa (C. B. Adams, 1845)
Leucozonia nassa (Gmelin, 1791) Parvanachis ostreicola (G. B. Sowerby III, 1882)
Leucozonia ocellata (Gmelin, 1791)
Genus Rhombinella Radwin, 1968
Genus Pleuroploca P. Fischer, 1884 Rhombinella laevigata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Pleuroploca gigantea (Kiener, 1840)
Genus Steironepion Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932
Genus Teralatirus Coomans, 1965 Steironepion minor (C. B. Adams, 1845)
Teralatirus cayohuesonicus (G. B. Sowerby III, Steironepion moniliferum (G. B. Sowerby I, 1844)
1878)
Genus Suturoglypta Radwin, 1968
Family Columbellidae Swainson, 1840 Suturoglypta iontha (Ravenel, 1861)
Suturoglypta pretrii (Duclos, 1846)
Genus Aesopus Gould, 1860
Aesopus stearnsii (Tryon, 1883) Genus Zafrona Iredale, 1916
Zafrona dicomata (Dall, 1889)
Genus Astyris H. & A. Adams, 1853 Zafrona idalina (Duclos, 1840)
Astyris lunata (Say, 1826) Zafrona pulchella (de Blainville, 1829)
Astyris multilineata (Dall, 1889) Zafrona taylorae Petuch, 1987
Astyris raveneli (Dall, 1889)
Family Volutidae Rafinesque, 1815
Genus Columbella Lamarck, 1799
Columbella mercatoria (Linnaeus, 1758) Genus Enaeta H. & A. Adams, 1853
Columbella rusticoides Heilprin, 1886 Enaeta cylleniformis (G. B. Sowerby I, 1844)
Genus Columbellopsis Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Doll- Genus Scaphella Swainson, 1832
fus, 1882 Scaphella junonia (Lamarck, 1804)
Columbellopsis nycteis (Duclos, 1846)
Family Olividae Latreille, 1825
Genus Costoanachis Sacco, 1890
Costoanachis avara (Say, 1822) Genus Jaspidella Olsson, 1956
Costoanachis catenata (G. B. Sowerby I, 1844) Jaspidella blanesi (Ford, 1898)
Costoanachis floridana (Rehder, 1939) Jaspidella jaspidea (Gmelin, 1791)
Genus Cerodrillia Bartsch & Rehder, 1939 Genus Pilsbryspira Bartsch, 1950
Cerodrillia bealiana Schwengel & McGinty, 1942 Pilsbryspira albocincta (C. B. Adams, 1845)
Cerodrillia clappi Bartsch & Rehder, 1939 Pilsbryspira albomaculata (d’Orbigny, 1842)
Cerodrillia perryae Bartsch & Rehder, 1939 Pilsbryspira leucocyma (Dall, 1884)
Cerodrillia thea (Dall, 1884) Pilsbryspira monilis (Bartsch & Rehder, 1939)
Pilsbryspira zebroides (Weinkauff, 1876)
Genus Drillia J. E. Gray, 1838
Drillia acurugata Dall, 1890 Genus Polystira Woodring, 1928
Drillia cydia (Bartsch, 1943) Polystira albida (G. Perry, 1811)
Genus Lissodrillia Bartsch & Rehder, 1939 Genus Pyrgospira J. H. McLean, 1971
Lissodrillia simpsoni (Dall, 1887) Pyrgospira ostrearum (Stearns, 1872)
Heliacus infundibuliformis perrieri (Rochebrune, Genus Ividia Dall & Bartsch, 1904
1881) Ividia abbotti (Olsson & McGinty, 1958)
Ividia havanensis (Pilsbry & Aguayo, 1933)
Genus Psilaxis Woodring, 1928
Psilaxis krebsii (Mørch, 1875) Genus Kleinella A. Adams, 1860
Kleinella cedrosa (Dall, 1884)
Genus Spirolaxis Monterosato, 1913
Spirolaxis centrifuga (Monterosato, 1890) Genus Longchaeus Mørch, 1875
Longchaeus candidus (Mørch, 1875)
Family Rissoellidae J. E. Gray, 1850 Longchaeus crenulatus (Holmes, 1860)
Genus Haminoea Turton & Kingston in Carrington, Genus Stylocheilus Gould, 1852
1830 Stylocheilus citrinus (Rang, 1828)
Haminoea antillarum (d’Orbigny, 1841) Stylocheilus longicauda (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)
Haminoea elegans (J. E. Gray, 1825)
Haminoea petitii (d’Orbigny, 1841) Order Sacoglossa von Ihering, 1876
Haminoea succinea (Conrad, 1846) Family Volvatellidae Pilsbry, 1895
Family Runcinidae H. & A. Adams, 1854 Genus Ascobulla Ev. Marcus, 1972
Ascobulla ulla (Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1970)
Genus Runcina Forbes & Hanley, 1851
Runcina divae (Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1963) Genus Volvatella Pease, 1860
Volvatella bermudae K. B. Clark, 1982
Order Acochlidioidea Küthe, 1935
Family Microhedylidae Odhner, 1938 Family Cylindrobullidae Thiele, 1931
Genus Polybranchia Pease, 1860 Genus Okenia Leuckart & Bronn in Menke, 1830
Polybranchia viridis (Deshayes, 1857) Okenia impexa Er. Marcus, 1957
Okenia zoobotryon (Smallwood, 1910)
Family Costasiellidae K. B. Clark, 1984
Genus Trapania Pruvot-Fol, 1931
Genus Costasiella Pruvot-Fol, 1951 Trapania dalva Ev. Marcus, 1972
Costasiella nonatoi Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1960
Costasiella ocellifera (Simroth, 1895) Family Aegiretidae P. Fischer, 1883
Family Stiligeridae Iredale & O’Donoghue, 1923 Genus Aegires Lovén, 1844
Aegires sublaevis Odhner, 1932
Genus Aplysiopsis Deshayes, 1864
Aplysiopsis zebra K. B. Clark, 1982 Family Polyceratidae Alder & Hancock, 1845
Genus Chromodoris Alder & Hancock, 1855 Genus Discodoris Bergh, 1877
Chromodoris binza Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1963 Discodoris alba White, 1952
Chromodoris clenchi (Russell, 1935) Discodoris evelinae Er. Marcus, 1955
Chromodoris kempfi Ev. Marcus, 1970 Discodoris mortenseni Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus,
Chromodoris morchii Bergh, 1879 1963
Chromodoris nyalya Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, Discodoris phoca Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1967
1967 Discodoris purcina Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1967
Genus Fiona Alder & Hancock in Forbes & Hanley, Genus Leuconopsis Hutton, 1884
1851 Leuconopsis novimundi (Pilsbry & McGinty, 1949)
Fiona pinnata (Eschscholtz, 1831)
Genus Melampus Montfort, 1810
great densities in coastal waters, and windrows of its Family Limacinidae de Blainville, 1823
shells are occasionally found along Florida beaches.
Consult Lalli and Gilmer (1989) for a comprehensive Genus Limacina Bosc, 1817
summary of these and the following species of pelagic Limacina bulimoides (d’Orbigny, 1836)
snails. Limacina inflata (d’Orbigny, 1836)
The gastropods listed hereafter lead exclusively Limacina lesueurii (d’Orbigny, 1836)
pelagic lives in the open ocean. Many of the species Limacina trochiformis (d’Orbigny, 1836)
occur throughout the Atlantic Ocean, and some have
world-wide distributions. Although they occur in wa- Family Cavoliniidae H. & A. Adams, 1854
ters that may intrude into coastal environments in
areas such as southeastern and northwestern Florida, Genus Cavolinia Abildgaard, 1791
representatives of these species are virtually never Cavolinia gibbosa (d’Orbigny, 1836)
collected except deliberately by those sampling plank- Cavolinia inflexa (Lesueur, 1813)
ton and nekton. Pelagic cephalopods, principally Cavolinia tridentata (Niebuhr, 1775)
squids, are also encountered occasionally in Florida Cavolinia uncinata (Rang, 1829)
coastal waters, but most of these occurrences are ac-
cidental, and the many such deep-water species that Genus Clio Linnaeus, 1767
may be involved are not listed here. Clio chaptalii J. E. Gray, 1850
Clio cuspidata (Bosc, 1802)
Class Gastropoda Cuvier, 1797 Clio polita (Pelseneer, 1888)
Order Neotaenioglossa Haller, 1882 Clio pyramidata Linnaeus, 1767
Family Atlantidae Rang, 1829 Clio recurva (Children, 1823)
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Associates (formerly Applied Biology, Inc.), Jensen from FMRI studies in Florida Bay. Marianne Whitehurst
Beach, Florida; Harvey Rudolph, Palm Beach County and Tim Thibault provided data from studies con-
Government, formerly Florida Department of Envi- ducted by Barry Vittor & Assoc., Inc., for NOAA in Bis-
ronmental Protection (FDEP); Steve Kent, Florida De- cayne Bay and Florida Bay and provided updates to the
partment of Environmental Protection, Orlando; David nomenclature of species reported in the Taxonomic
Karlen, Environmental Protection Commission of Hills- Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of Mexico (Ue-
borough County; Vicki Whiting, FDEP central labora- belacker and Johnson, 1984). Gary Gaston and Carol
tory,Tallahassee; Jerry McLelland, Gulf Coast Research Cleveland also provided information from their stud-
Laboratory; Dr. Gary Gaston and Carol Cleveland, ies for NOAA in Florida Bay and Biscayne Bay and
University of Mississippi; and Dr. Marianne Whitehurst from their Florida-West Indian Province EMAP stud-
and Tim Thibault, Barry Vittor & Assoc., Inc. Bob Ernest ies for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
also provided data on specimen identifications from laboratory at Gulf Breeze, Florida. Dr. John Macauley,
many studies conducted by Applied Biology, Inc. Har- EPA, Gulf Breeze, Florida, and Linda Harwell, Johnson
vey Rudolph provided data on specimens he and oth- Controls, Inc., Gulf Breeze, Florida, the EPA data con-
ers identified from Biscayne Bay. Jerry McLelland and sultant, provided detailed data for specimens collected
Sarah LeCroy, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, pro- in the Florida area of the Louisianan Province estuar-
vided data for their specimens collected at Perdido ine EMAP program. Dr. Kristian Fauchald, National
Key, Florida, during studies for the National Park Ser- Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., Tim
vice; David Karlen provided data for specimens from Thibault, Marianne Whitehurst, Gary Gaston, and
Tampa Bay collected for the Tampa Bay National Es- Carol Cleveland reviewed draft copies of the species
tuary Program. Tom Dix, Florida Marine Research In- list and corrected several of my mistakes. All are grate-
stitute (FMRI), provided data for polychaetes identified fully acknowledged.
Genus Lacydonia Marion & Bobretzsky, 1875 Family Hesionidae Grube, 1850
Lacydonia miranda Marion & Bobretzky, 1875
Genus Gyptis Marion & Bobretzky, 1875
Family Glyceridae Grube, 1850 Gyptis crypta Pleijel, 1993
Gyptis plurisetis Hilbig, 1992
Genus Glycera Lamarck, 1818
Glycera abranchiata Treadwell, 1900 Genus Hesione Lamarck, 1818
Glycera americana Leidy, 1855 Hesione picta Müller, 1858
Glycera capitata Örsted, 1843
Glycera dibranchiata Ehlers, 1868 Genus Heteropodarke Hartmann-Schröder, 1962
Glycera oxycephala Ehlers, 1887 Heteropodarke formalis Perkins, 1984
Glycera papillosa Grube, 1857 Heteropodarke lyonsi Perkins, 1984
Glycera robusta Ehlers, 1868
Glycera sphyrabrancha Schmarda, 1861 Genus Leocrates Kinberg, 1866
Glycera tesselata Grube, 1863 Leocrates chinensis Kinberg, 1866
Glycera sp. A of Gilbert, 1984
Glycera sp. C of Gilbert, 1984 Genus Microphthalmus Metschnikow, 1865
Glycera sp. D of Gilbert, 1984 Microphthalmus aberrans (Webster & Benedict,
Glycera sp. E of Gilbert, 1984 1887)
Glycera sp. F of Gilbert, 1984 Microphthalmus hamosus Westheide, 1982
Microphthalmus hartmanae Westheide, 1977
Genus Hemipodus Quatrefages, 1866 Microphthalmus sczelkowii Mecznikow, 1865
Hemipodus roseus Quatrefages, 1866
Genus Ophiodromus Sars, 1861
Family Goniadidae Kinberg, 1866 Ophiodromus nr. guanicus of Hartman, 1951
(as Podarke nr. guanica)
Genus Glycinde Müller, 1858 Ophiodromus obscurus (Verrill, 1873)
Glycinde nordmanni (Malmgren, 1866) Ophiodromus obscurus of Uebelacker, 1984
Glycinde solitaria (Webster, 1879) (as Podarke obscura)
Ophiodromus sp. A of Uebelacker, 1984
Genus Goniada Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 Ophiodromus sp. B of Uebelacker, 1984
Goniada acicula Hartman, 1940 (as Podarke sp. A)
Goniada littorea Hartman, 1950
Goniada maculata Örsted, 1843 Genus Parahesione Pettibone, 1966
Goniada multidentopsis Perkins, 1980 Parahesione luteola (Webster, 1879)
Goniada teres Treadwell, 1931
Genus Podarkeopsis Laubier, 1961
Genus Goniadella Hartman, 1950 Podarkeopsis levifuscina Perkins, 1984
Goniadella sp. A of Gilbert, 1984
Genus Psamathe Johnston, 1836
Genus Goniadides Hartmann-Schröder, 1960 Psamathe haploseta Perkins, 1984
Goniadides carolinae Day, 1973 Psamathe sp. of Perkins, 1984
(as Kefersteinia sp.)
Genus Progoniada Hartman, 1965
Odontosyllis octodentata Treadwell, 1917 Syllides fulvus (Marion & Bobretzky, 1875)
Syllides gomezi San Martín, 1990
Genus Opistosyllis Langerhans, 1879 Syllides sp. A of Uebelacker, 1984
Opisthosyllis brunnea Langerhans, 1879
Genus Syllis Lamarck, 1818
Genus Opisthodonta Langerhans, 1879 Subgenus Ehlersia Quatrefages, 1866
Opisthodonta sp. A of Uebelacker, 1984 Syllis (Ehlersia) cf. cornuta of San Martín, 1992
Opisthodonta sp. B of Uebelacker, 1984 Syllis (Ehlersia) mexicana (Rioja, 1960)
Subgenus Syllis Lamarck, 1818
Genus Parapionosyllis Fauvel, 1923 Syllis (Syllis) gracilis Grube, 1840
Parapionosyllis longicirrata (Webster & Benedict, Syllis (Syllis) spongiphila Verrill, 1885
1884) Subgenus Typosyllis Langerhans, 1879
Parapionosyllis uebelackerae San Martín, 1991 Syllis (Typosyllis) aciculata (Treadwell, 1945)
Parapionosyllis floridana San Martín, 1991 Syllis (Typosyllis) alosae San Martín, 1992
Syllis (Typosyllis) alternata Moore, 1908
Genus Parasphaerosyllis Monro, 1937 Syllis (Typosyllis) amica (Quatrefages, 1866)
Parasphaerosyllis indica Monro, 1937 Syllis (Typosyllis) broomensis (Hartmann-
Schröder, 1979)
Genus Pionosyllis Malmgren, 1867 Syllis (Typosyllis) cincinnata Verrill, 1900
Pionosyllis aciculagrossa San Martín, 1990 Syllis (Typosyllis) corallicoides Augener, 1922
Pionosyllis gesae Perkins, 1981 Syllis (Typosyllis) corallicola Verrill, 1900
Pionosyllis spinisetosa San Martín, 1990 Syllis (Typosyllis) hyalina Grube, 1863
Pionosyllis weismanni Langerhans, 1879 Syllis (Typosyllis) cf. lutea (Hartmann-Schröder,
Pionosyllis sp. of Taylor, 1971 1960)
Syllis (Typosyllis) ortezi San Martín, 1992
Genus Plakosyllis Hartmann-Schröder, 1956 Syllis (Typosyllis) prolifera Krohn, 1852
Plakosyllis quadrioculata Perkins, 1981 Syllis (Typosyllis) sardai San Martín, 1992
Syllis (Typosyllis) tigrinoides Augener, 1922
Genus Pseudosyllides Augener, 1927 Syllis (Typosyllis) tortugaensis Augener, 1922
Pseudosyllides curacaoensis Augener, 1927 (= Syllis (Typosyllis) armillaris of Uebelacker,
1982)
Genus Sphaerosyllis Claparède, 1963 Syllis (Typosyllis) tortugaensis of Monro, 1933
Sphaerosyllis aciculata Perkins, 1981 Syllis (Typosyllis) variegata Grube, 1860
Sphaerosyllis bilobata Perkins, 1981 Syllis (Typosyllis) vittata Grube, 1840
Sphaerosyllis brevidentata Perkins, 1981 Syllis (Typosyllis) vivipara ? Krohn, 1869
Sphaerosyllis glandulata Perkins, 1981 Syllis (Typosyllis) sp. B of Uebelacker, 1984
Sphaerosyllis labyrinthophila Gardiner & Wilson,
1979 Genus Trypanosyllis Claparède, 1864
Sphaerosyllis magnidentata Perkins, 1981 Trypanosyllis coeliaca Claparède, 1868
Sphaerosyllis perkinsi Riser, 1991 Trypanosyllis inglei Perkins, 1981
Sphaerosyllis piriferopsis Perkins, 1981 Trypanosyllis parvidentata Perkins, 1981
Sphaerosyllis riseri Perkins, 1981 Trypanosyllis prampramensis Augener, 1918
Sphaerosyllis taylori Perkins, 1981 Trypanosyllis savagei Perkins, 1981
Trypanosyllis vittigera Ehlers, 1887
Genus Streptospinigera Kudenov, 1983
Streptospinigera heteroseta Kudenov, 1983 Syllidae, Eusyllinae undetermined genus
“Ehlersia” ferrugina Langerhans, 1881
Genus Streptosyllis Webster & Benedict, 1884
Streptosyllis pettiboneae Perkins, 1981 Family Nereididae Lamarck, 1818
Streptosyllis verrilli (Moore, 1908)
Genus Ceratocephale Malmgren, 1867
Genus Syllides Örsted, 1845 Ceratocephale oculata Banse, 1977
Syllides bansei Perkins, 1981
Syllides floridanus Perkins, 1981 Genus Ceratonereis Kinberg, 1866
Genus Pisione Grube, 1857 Genus Diopatra Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833
Pisione hartmannschroederae Westheide, 1995 Diopatra cuprea (Bosc, 1802)
Pisione remota (Southern, 1914) Diopatra neotridens Hartman, 1944
Pisione sp. A of Wolf, 1984 Diopatra cf. papillata of Gathof, 1984
Diopatra tridentata Hartman, 1944
Genus Pisionidens Aiyar & Alikunhi, 1943
Pisionidens indicus (Aiyar & Alikunhi, 1940) Genus Kinbergonuphis Fauchald, 1882
Kinbergonuphis simoni (Santos, Day & Rice, 1981)
Order Amphinomida Kinbergonuphis microcephala (Hartman, 1944)
Family Amphinomidae Lamarck, 1818 Kinbergonuphis sp. C of Gathof, 1984
Genus Gymnodorvillea Wainright & Perkins, 1982 Genus Scoloplos Blainville, 1828
Gymnodorvillea floridana Wainright & Perkins, Scoloplos acmeceps Chamberlin, 1919
1982 Scoloplos capensis (Day, 1961)
Scoloplos rubra (Webster, 1879)
Genus Meiodorvillea Jumars, 1974 Scoloplos texana Maciolek & Holland, 1978
Meiodorvillea sp. A of Wolf, 1984 Scoloplos sp. B of Taylor, 1984
Meiodorvillea sp. B of Wolf, 1984
Order Spionida
Genus Ougia Wolf, 1986 Family Spionidae Grube, 1850
Ougia tenuidentis Wolf, 1986
Genus Boccardiella Blake & Kudenov, 1978 Genus Rhynchospio Hartman, 1936
Boccardiella hamata (Webster, 1879) Rhynchospio glutaea (Ehlers, 1897)
Boccardiella ligerica (Ferroniere, 1898)
Genus Scolelepis Blainville, 1828
Genus Carazziella Blake & Kudenov, 1978 Subgenus Parascolelepis Blake, 1987
Carazziella hobsonae Blake, 1979 Scolelepis (Parascolelepis) texana Foster, 1971
Subgenus Scolelepis Blainville, 1828
Genus Dipolydora Verrill, 1879 Scolelepis (Scolelepis) heteropoda (Webster, 1879)
Dipolydora armata (Langerhans, 1880) Scolelepis (Scolelepis) squamata (Abildgaard, 1806)
Dipolydora barbilla (Blake, 1981)
Dipolydora bidentata (Zachs, 1933) Genus Spio Fabricius, 1785
Dipolydora caulleryi (Mesnil, 1897) Spio pettiboneae Foster, 1971
Dipolydora commensalis (Andrews, 1891) Spio setosa Verrill, 1873
Dipolydora giardi (Mesnil, 1896)
Dipolydora socialis (Schmarda, 1861) Genus Spiophanes Grube, 1860
Dipolydora tetrabranchia (Hartman, 1945) Spiophanes bombyx (Claparède, 1870)
Spiophanes kroyeri Grube, 1860
Genus Dispio Hartman, 1951 Spiophanes duplex (Chamberlin, 1919)
Dispio uncinata Hartman, 1951 Spiophanes wigleyi Pettibone, 1962
Genus Neolipobranchus Hartman & Fauchald, 1971 Mediomastus californiensis Hartman, 1944
Neolipobranchius blakei Kudenov, 1985
Genus Notomastus Sars, 1851
Genus Sclerobregma Hartman, 1965 Notomastus americanus Day, 1973
Sclerobregma stenocerum Bertelsen & Weston, Notomastus daueri Ewing, 1982
1980 Notomastus hemipodus Hartman, 1945
Notomastus latericeus Sars, 1851
Genus Sclerocheilus Grube, 1863 Notomastus lineatus Claparède, 1870
Sclerocheilus unoculus Kudenov, 1985 Notomastus lobatus Hartman, 1947
Notomastus tenuis ? Moore, 1909
Order Sternaspida Notomastus teres Hartman, 1965
Family Sternaspidae Carus, 1863 Notomastus sp. A of Ewing, 1984
Genus Perkinsiana Knight-Jones, 1983 Genus Josephella Caullery & Mesnil, 1896
Perkinsiana floridana (Augener, 1922) Josephella marenzelleri Caullery & Mesnil, 1896
Perkinsiana fonticula (Hoagland, 1919)
Genus Placostegus Philippi, 1844
Genus Potamethus Chamberlin, 1919 Placostegus incomptus Ehlers, 1887
Potamethus sp. A of Uebelacker, 1984
Genus Pomatoceros Philippi, 1844
Genus Pseudobranchiomma Jones, 1962 Pomatoceros americanus Day, 1973
Pseudobranchiomma emersoni Jones, 1962 Pomatoceros minutus Rioja, 1941
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HARTMAN, O. 1942a. The identity of some marine
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and abundance of macroinvertebrate species of six Proceedings of the United States National Museum
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HARTMAN, O. 1942b. Report on the Scientific Results
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ritory Museum of Arts and Sciences 4(1): 147–163.
HARTMAN, O. 1942c. A review of the types of poly-
HARPER, D. E., JR. 1969. The occurrence of Sternaspis chaetous annelids at the Peabody Museum of Natural
scutata (Polychaeta: Sternaspidae) on the Texas coast. History, Yale University. Bulletin of the Bingham
Texas Journal of Science 21: 229. Oceanographic Collection,Yale University 8(1): 1–98.
HARPER, D. E., JR. 1979. Nereis (Neanthes) micromma n. HARTMAN, O. 1943. Description of Polydora websteri.
sp. (Polychaeta: Nereididae) from the northern Gulf of Pp. 70–72 in V. L. Loosanoff and J. B. Engle. Polydora in
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HARPER, D. E., JR. 1986. Nephtys cryptomma, new HARTMAN, O. 1944a. New England Annelida. Part 2.
species (Polychaeta: Nephtyidae) from the northern Including the unpublished plates by Verrill with re-
Gulf of Mexico. Proceedings of the Biological Society constructed captions. Bulletin of the American Museum
of Washington 99(1): 1–7. of Natural History 82(7): 331–343.
HARPER, D. E., JR., C. R. SHELTON, G. E. WILLIAMS HARTMAN, O. 1944b. Polychaetous annelids. Allan
III, and K. W. JOHNSON. 1979. The occurrence of Pi- Hancock Atlantic Expedition Report No. 3: 3–33.
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Zoology. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zo- Paraonidae, Magelonidae, Longosomidae, Ctenodrili-
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HARTMAN, O. 1938b. The types of the polychaete
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Capitellidae. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions 10(4/5): other North Atlantic areas. Occasional Papers of the
391–481. Allan Hancock Foundation 28: 1–378.
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483–452. cluding additions and emendations since 1959. Occa-
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HARTMAN, O. 1969. Atlas of the sedentariate poly-
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annelids. Vol. I. Bibliography. Edwards Brothers, Inc., Foundation, University of Southern California, Los
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HARTMAN, O. 1952. Fouling serpulid worms, new to
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of Washington 99(4): 627–638. ZIBROWIUS, H. 1969b. Review of some little known
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Biological Society of Washington 99(3): 464–471. pulidae (Polychaeta Sedentaria) du Brésil. Boletim do
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chaeta (Annelida). Bulletin of the Biological Society ZIBROWIUS, H. 1971a. Les espèces Méditerranéennes
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ico. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washing- ZIBROWIUS, H. 1971b. Revision of Metavermilia Bush
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species densities of seagrass-associated macroben- ZIBROWIUS, H. 1973. Remarques sur trois espèces de
thos: Evidence from field experiments in the Indian Serpulidae acclimatées en Méditerranée: Hydroides di-
River estuary, Florida. Journal of Marine Research anthus (Verrill, 1873), Hydroides dirampha Mörch, 1863
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YOUNG, M. W., and H. KRITZLER. 1987. Para- Monaco 21(9): 683–686.
eupolymnia, a new genus of terebellid (Polychaeta: Tere-
bellidae) from Belize. Proceedings of the Biological ZOTTOLI, R. A. 1974. Reproduction and larval devel-
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Acknowledgments known. I am very grateful for her time and her patience.
Lawrence G. Abele, Florida State University,Tallahas-
The late Douglas H. Farrell, formerly of the Florida see, provided all of the computer files and original il-
Department of Environmental Regulation,Tampa, gave lustrations from his and Won Kim’s (1986) work, An Il-
me a copy of a draft list of Florida amphipods that he lustrated Guide to the Marine Decapod Crustaceans of
had prepared. He and I intended to complete it and Florida. I am grateful for his generosity and trust.
make it available to Florida benthologists. Doug should Many taxonomic experts reviewed portions of the
be a co-author of the present list, and I dedicate this draft list, and each one made significant improvements
effort to his memory.The late J. L. Barnard, formerly of to it. Stomatopoda were reviewed by Raymond B. Man-
the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., pro- ning, Smithsonian Institution. Mysidacea were re-
vided me with a list of the cataloged holdings of am- viewed by Wayne Price, Tampa University, and by
phipods from the vicinity of Florida in the U.S. National Richard F. Modlin, University of Alabama at Huntsville.
Museum of Natural History as well as with a com- Amphipoda were reviewed by James D.Thomas, Nova
puter file of his geographic index to worldwide Am- University, Dania, Florida, and by Richard Heard and
phipoda. I appreciate his generosity and similarly ded- Sara LeCroy. Isopoda were reviewed by Brian F. Kens-
icate this effort to his memory. John E. Miller, formerly ley, Smithsonian Institution, and by John C. Markham,
at Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution Museum, Arch Cape Marine Laboratory, Arch Cape, Oregon.
Fort Pierce, Florida, provided lists of cataloged hold- Tanaidacea were reviewed by Kim Larson, The Aus-
ings of amphipods from Florida in that museum. tralian Museum, Sydney, and by Richard Heard.
Richard W. Heard and Sara E. LeCroy, both at Gulf Cumacea were reviewed by Iorgu Petrescu, Musée
Coast Research Laboratory, Ocean Springs, Missis- National d’Histoire naturelle “Grigore Antipa,”
sippi, provided a list of benthic macroinvertebrates Bucharest, and by Richard Heard. Decapoda were re-
that they had identified from sites off the Florida coast. viewed by Austin B. Williams, NOAA, National Marine
I could not have produced the list of Peracarida with- Fisheries Service, Systematics Laboratory, Smithson-
out the advice of Sara LeCroy, who, through innu- ian Institution, and by Raymond B. Manning. Errors re-
merable e-mail transmittals over a short period, taught maining in the list are attributable only to me.
me more about Florida peracarids than I had ever
Family Pseudosquillidae Manning, 1977 Cloridopsis dubia (H. Milne Edwards, 1837)
Genus Pseudosquilla Dana, 1852 Genus Gibbesia Manning & Heard, 1997
Pseudosquilla ciliata (Fabricius, 1787) Gibbesia neglecta (Gibbes, 1850)
Genus Pseudosquillisma Cappola & Manning, 1995 Genus Meiosquilla Manning, 1968
Pseudosquillisma oculata (Brullé, 1837) Meiosquilla quadridens (Bigelow, 1893)
Meiosquilla randalli (Manning, 1962)
Superfamily Lysiosquilloidea Giesbrecht, 1910 Meiosquilla schmitti (Lemos de Castro, 1955)
Family Lysiosquillidae Giesbrecht, 1910 Meiosquilla tricarinata (Holthuis, 1941)
Genus Americorophium Bousfield & Hoover, 1997 Family Cyproideidae J. L. Barnard, 1974
Americorophium aquafuscum (Heard & Sikora,
1972) Genus Hoplopheonoides Shoemaker, 1956
Americorophium ellisi (Shoemaker, 1943) Hoplopheonoides obesa Shoemaker, 1956
Genus Apocorophium Bousfield & Hoover, 1997 Family Dexaminidae Leach, 1814
Apocorophium acutum (Chevreux, 1908)
Apocorophium lacustre (Vanhoffen, 1911) Genus Atylus Leach, 1815
Apocorophium louisianum (Shoemaker, 1934) Atylus urocarinatus McKinney, 1980
Apocorophium simile (Shoemaker, 1934)
Genus Polycheria Haswell, 1879
Genus Audulla Chevreux, 1901 Polycheria sp. of Mason et al., 1994
Audulla chelifera Chevreux, 1901
Family Epimeriidae Boeck, 1871
Genus Chevalia Walker, 1904 (sensu Coleman & Barnard, 1991)
Chevalia aviculae Walker, 1904
Chevalia carpenteri Barnard & Thomas, 1987 Genus Epimeria Costa, 1851
Chevalia mexicana Pearse, 1913 Epimeria longispinosa K. H. Barnard, 1916 (deep
water)
Genus Crassicorophium Bousfield & Hoover, 1997
Crassicorophium bonellii (H. Milne Edwards, 1830) Family Eusiridae Stebbing, 1888
Genus Laticorophium Bousfield & Hoover, 1997 Family Gammaridae Leach, 1814
Laticorophium cf. baconi (Shoemaker, 1934) (sensu Barnard & Barnard, 1990)
Genus Microprotopus Norman, 1867 Genus Anamaera Thomas & Barnard, 1985
Microprotopus raneyi Wigley, 1966 Anamaera hixoni Thomas & Barnard, 1985
Microprotopus shoemakeri Lowry, 1972
Genus Ceradocus Costa, 1853
Genus Monocorophium Bousfield & Hoover, 1997 Ceradocus sheardi Shoemaker, 1948
Monocorophium acherusicum (Costa, 1851) Ceradocus shoemakeri Fox, 1973
Monocorophium cf. insidiosum (Crawford, 1937)
Monocorophium tuberculatum (Shoemaker, 1934) Genus Dulichiella Stout, 1912
Dulichiella appendiculata (Say, 1818)
Genus Photis Krøyer, 1842
Cerapus benthophilus Thomas & Heard, 1979 Lysianopsis ozona Lowry & Stoddart, 1997
Cerapus cudjoe Lowry & Thomas, 1991
Cerapus tubularis Say, 1817 Genus Shoemakerella Pirlot, 1936
Cerapus sp. B of Rakocinski et al., 1996 Shoemakerella cubensis (Stebbing, 1897)
Genus Erichthonius H. Milne-Edwards, 1830 Subfamily Tryphosinae Lowry & Stoddart, 1997
Erichthonius brasiliensis (Dana, 1853)
Genus Hippomedon Boeck, 1871
Genus Ischyrocerus Krøyer, 1838 Hippomedon pensacola Lowry & Stoddart, 1997
Ischyrocerus anguipes Krøyer, 1838
Genus Orchomenella Sars, 1890
Genus Jassa Leach, 1814 Orchomenella perdido Lowry & Stoddart, 1997
Jassa falcata (Montagu, 1808) Orchomenella thomasi Lowry & Stoddart, 1997
Genus Microjassa Stebbing, 1899 Family Megaluropidae Thomas & Barnard, 1986
Microjassa floridensis Conlan, 1995
Microjassa tetradonta Conlan, 1995 Genus Gibberosus Thomas & Barnard, 1986
Gibberosus myersi (McKinney, 1980)
Family Leucothoidae Dana, 1852
Family Melphidippidae Stebbing, 1899
Genus Leucothoe Leach, 1814
Leucothoe spinicarpa (Abildgaard, 1789) species Genus Hornellia Walker, 1904
complex Subgenus Metaceradocus Chevreaux, 1925
Leucothoe sp. 1 of Thomas, 1993 Hornellia (Metaceradocus) tequestae Thomas &
Barnard, 1986
Family Liljeborgiidae Stebbing, 1899
Family Ochlesidae Stebbing, 1910
Genus Liljeborgia Bate, 1862 (sensu Coleman & Barnard, 1991)
Liljeborgia bousfieldi McKinney, 1979
Liljeborgia pallida (Bate, 1857) Genus Curidia Thomas, 1983
(= L. brevicornis (Bruzelius, 1859)) Curidia debrogania Thomas, 1983
Family Lysianassidae Dana, 1849 Genus Ameroculodes Bousfield & Chevrier, 1996
Subfamily Lysianassinae Dana, 1849 Ameroculodes edwardsi (Holmes, 1905)
Genus Aruga Holmes, 1908 Genus Deflexiodes Bousfield & Chevrier, 1996
Aruga holmesi J. L. Barnard, 1955 Deflexiodes intermedius (Shoemaker, 1930)
Genus Concarnes Barnard & Karaman, 1991 Genus Hartmanodes Bousfield & Chevrier, 1996
Concarnes concavus (Shoemaker, 1933) Hartmanodes nyei (Shoemaker, 1933)
Genus Dissiminassa Barnard & Karaman, 1991 Genus Perioculodes G.O. Sars, 1895
Dissiminassa homosassa Lowry & Stoddart, 1997 Perioculodes cerasinus Thomas & Barnard, 1985
Genus Uhlorchestia Bousfield, 1984 Genus Cyathura Norman & Stebbing, 1886
Uhlorchestia uhleri (Shoemaker, 1930) Cyathura polita (Stimpson, 1855)
Uhlorchestia spartinophila Bousfield & Heard,
1986 Genus Eisothistos Haswell, 1884
Eisothistos petrensis Kensley, 1984
Suborder Caprellidea Leach, 1814
Family Caprellidae White, 1847 Genus Mesanthura Barnard, 1914
Mesanthura cf. bivittata Kensley, 1987
Genus Caprella Lamarck, 1801 Mesanthura fasciata Kensley, 1982
Caprella andreae Mayer, 1890 Mesanthura hopkinsi Hooker, 1985
Caprella danilevskii Czerniavski, 1868 Mesanthura looensis Kensley & Schotte, 1987
Caprella equilibra Say, 1818 Mesanthura paucidens Menzies & Glynn, 1968
Caprella penantis Leach, 1814 Mesanthura pulchra Barnard, 1925
(= Mesanthura floridensis Menzies & Kruczynski,
Family Caprellinoididae Laubitz, 1993 1983)
Genus Pseudaeginella Mayer, 1890 Genus Pendanthura Menzies & Glynn, 1968
Pseudaeginella biscaynensis (McCain, 1968) Pendanthura tanaiformis Menzies & Glynn, 1968
Genus Joeropsis Koehler, 1885 Genus Bopyrione Bourdon & Markham, 1980
Joeropsis coralicola Schultz & McCloskey, 1967 Bopyrione synalphei Bourdon & Markham, 1980
Joeropsis rathbunae Richardson, 1902
Genus Ovobopyrus Markham, 1985
Family Munnidae Sars, 1899 Ovobopyrus alphezemiotes Markham, 1985
Genus Hansenium Serov & Wilson, 1995 Genus Schizobopyrina Markham, 1985
Hansenium stebbingi (Richardson, 1902) Schizobopyrina urocaridis (Richardson, 1904)
Genus Diplophryxus Richardson, 1904 Genus Asymmetrione Codreanu, Codreanu, & Pike,
Diplophryxus sp. (see Markham, 1985) 1965
Asymmetrione clibanarii Markham, 1975
Genus Eophrixus Caroli, 1930 Asymmetrione desultor Markham, 1975
Eophrixus subcaudalis (Hay, 1917)
Genus Bopyrissa Nierstrasz & Brender à Brandis,
Genus Hemiarthrus Giard & Bonnier, 1887 1931
Hemiarthrus synalphei (Pearse, 1950) Bopyrissa wolffi Markham, 1978
Genus Hyperphrixus Nierstrasz & Brender à Brandis, Genus Kolourione Markham, 1978
1931 Kolourione premordica Markham, 1978
Hyperphrixus castrensis Markham, 1985
Genus Munidion Hansen, 1897
Genus Loki Markham, 1972 Munidion irritans Boone, 1927
Loki circumsaltanus Markham, 1972 Munidion longipedis Markham, 1975
Genus Metaphrixus Nierstrasz & Brender à Brandis, Genus Pleurocrypta Hesse, 1865
1931 Pleurocrypta floridana Markham, 1974
Metaphrixus carolii Nierstrasz & Brender à Bran-
dis, 1931 Genus Pseudione Kossman, 1881
Pseudione ampla Markham, 1988
Subfamily Ioninae H. Milne Edwards, 1840 Pseudione cognata Markham, 1985
(emend. R. Codreanu, 1967) Pseudione overstreeti Adkison & Heard, 1995
Pseudione parvimanus Adkison, 1985
Genus Cancricepon Giard & Bonnier, 1887
Cancricepon choprae (Nierstrasz & Brender à Family Entoniscidae F. Müller, 1871
Brandis, 1925)
Genus Synalpheion Coutière, 1908
Genus Dactylokepon Stebbing, 1910 Synalpheion giardi Coutière, 1908
Dactylokepon sulcipes Adkison, 1982
Suborder Flabellifera Sars, 1882
Genus Gigantione Kossmann, 1881 Family Aegidae Leach, 1815
Gigantione mortenseni Adkison, 1984
Gigantione uberlackerae Adkison, 1984 Genus Aega Leach, 1815
Aega (Aega) deshaysiana (H. Milne Edwards, 1840)
Genus Grapsicepon Giard & Bonnier, 1887 (= A. antillensis Schioedte & Meinert, 1879)
Grapsicepon edwardsi Giard & Bonnier, 1888
Genus Rocinela Leach, 1818
Genus Leidya Cornalia & Panceri, 1861 Rocinela insularis Schioedte & Meinert, 1879
Rocinela signata Schioedte & Meinert, 1879 Alcirona krebsii Hansen, 1890
Subfamily Conilerinae Kensley & Schotte, 1989 Genus Elthusa Schioedte & Meinert, 1884
Elthusa tropicalis (Menzies & Kruczynski, 1983)
Genus Politolana Bruce, 1981
Politolana impressa (Harger, 1883) Genus Livoneca Leach, 1818
Politolana polita (Stimpson, 1853) Livoneca ovalis (Say, 1818)
Livoneca redmanii Leach, 1818
Subfamily Eurydicinae Stebbing, 1905
Genus Mothocya Costa, 1851
Genus Eurydice Leach, 1815 Mothocya bohlkeorum Williams & Williams, 1982
Eurydice convexa Richardson, 1900 Mothocya nana (Schioedte & Meinert, 1884)
Eurydice littoralis (Moore, 1901)
Eurydice personata Kensley, 1987 Genus Nerocila Leach, 1818
Eurydice piperata Menzies & Frankenberg, 1966 Nerocila acuminata Schioedte & Meinert, 1881
Genus Arcturella G. O. Sars, 1897 Genus Araphura Bird & Holdich, 1984
Arcturella spinata Menzies & Kruczynski, 1983 Araphura higginsi Sieg & Dojiri, 1989
Arcturella bispinata Menzies & Kruczynski, 1983
Family Leptocheliidae Lang, 1973
Genus Astacilla Cordiner, 1793
Astacilla cymodocea Menzies & Glynn, 1968 Genus Hargeria Lang, 1973
Astacilla lauffi Menzies & Frankenberg, 1966 Hargeria rapax (Harger, 1879)
Family Pagurapseudidae Lang, 1970 Almyracuma cf. proximoculi Jones & Burbanck,
1959
Genus Pagurapseudes Whitelegge, 1901
Pagurapseudes largoensis McSweeny, 1982 Genus Campylaspis G. O. Sars, 1865
Campylaspis heardi Muradian-Ciamician, 1980
Family Parapseudidae Guţu, 1981 Campylaspis sp. A of Rakocinski et al., 1996
Genus Halmyrapseudes Băcescu & Guţu, 1974 Genus Cubanocuma Băcescu & Muradian, 1977
Halmyrapseudes bahamensis Băcescu & Guţu, 1974 Cubanocuma gutzui Băcescu & Muradian, 1977
Tozeuma cornutum A. Milne Edwards, 1881 Subfamily Callichirinae Manning & Felder, 1991
Tozeuma serratum A. Milne Edwards, 1881
Genus Callichirus Stimpson, 1866
Genus Trachycaris Calman, 1906 Callichirus islagrande (Schmitt, 1935)
Trachycaris rugosa (Bate, 1888) Callichirus major (Say, 1818)
Family Ogyrididae Hay & Shore, 1918 Genus Corallianassa Manning & Felder, 1991
Corallianassa longiventris (A. Milne Edwards,
Genus Ogyrides Stebbing, 1914 1870)
Ogyrides alphaerostris (Kingsley, 1889)
Ogyrides hayi Williams, 1981 Genus Glypturus Stimpson, 1866
Glypturus acanthochirus Stimpson, 1866
Superfamily Processoidea Ortmann, 1890
Family Processidae Ortmann, 1896 Genus Lepidopthalmus Holmes, 1904
Lepidophthalmus louisianensis (Schmitt, 1935)
Genus Ambidexter Manning & Chace, 1971
Ambidexter symmetricus Manning & Chace, 1971 Genus Neocallichirus Sakai, 1988
Neocallichirus cacahuate Felder & Manning, 1995
Genus Nikoides Paulson, 1875 Neocallichirus grandimanus (Gibbes, 1850)
Nikoides schmitti Manning & Chace, 1971 (= Glypturus branneri Rathbun, 1900)
Neocallichirus rathbunae (Schmitt, 1935)
Genus Processa Leach, 1815
Processa bermudensis (Rankin, 1900)
Genus Sergio Manning & Lemaitre, 1994
Processa fimbriata Manning & Chace, 1971
Sergio mericeae Manning & Felder, 1995
Processa hemphilli Manning & Chace, 1971
Sergio trilobatus (Biffar, 1970)
Processa riveroi Manning & Chace, 1971
Processa vicina Manning & Chace, 1971
Subfamily Cheraminae Manning & Felder, 1991
Processa vossi Manning, 1992
Genus Cheramus Bate, 1888
Superfamily Crangonoidea Haworth, 1825
Cheramus marginatus (Rathbun, 1901)
Family Crangonidae Haworth, 1825
Genus Philocheras Stebbing, 1900 Subfamily Eucalliinae Manning & Felder, 1991
Philocheras gorei (Dardeau, 1980)
Genus Eucalliax Manning & Felder, 1991
Infraorder Astacidea Latreille, 1803 Eucalliax quadracuta (Biffar, 1970)
Superfamily Enoplometopoidea Eucalliax mcilhennyi Felder & Manning, 1994
de Saint Laurent, 1988
Family Enoplometopidae de Saint Laurent, 1988 Callianassidae sp. A of Rakocinski et al., 1993
Genus Enoplometopus H. Milne Edwards, 1862 Family Ctenochelidae Manning & Felder, 1991
Enoplometopus antillensis Lütken, 1865 Subfamily Ctenochelinae
Manning & Felder, 1991
Infraorder Thalassinidea Latreille, 1831
Superfamily Callianassoidea Dana, 1852 Genus Dawsonius Manning & Felder, 1991
Family Callianassidae Dana, 1852 Dawsonius latispina (Dawson, 1967)
Subfamily Callianassinae Dana, 1852
Family Laomediidae Borradaile, 1903
Genus Biffarius Manning & Felder, 1991
Biffarius biformis (Biffar, 1971) Genus Axianassa Schmitt, 1924
Biffarius fragilis (Biffar, 1970) Axianassa arenaria Kensley & Heard, 1990
Genus Gilvossius Manning & Felder, 1992 Family Upogebiidae Borradaile, 1903
Gilvossius setimanus (De Kay, 1844)
(= Callianassa atlantica Rathbun, 1926) Genus Aethogebia Williams, 1993
Genus Axiorygma Kensley & Simmons, 1988 Genus Coenobita Latreille, 1826
Axiorygma nethertoni Kensley & Simmons, 1988 Coenobita clypeatus (Herbst, 1791)
Genus Michelea Kensley & Heard, 1991 Genus Dardanus Paulson, 1875
Michelea vandoverae (Gore, 1987) Dardanus fucosus Biffar & Provenzano, 1972
Dardanus insignis (Saussure, 1858)
Infraorder Palinura Latreille, 1903 Dardanus venosus (H. Milne Edwards, 1848)
Superfamily Palinuroidea Latreille, 1803
Family Palinuridae Latreille, 1803 Genus Isocheles Stimpson, 1859
Isocheles wurdemanni Stimpson, 1862
Genus Panulirus White, 1847
Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804) Genus Paguristes Dana, 1852
Panulirus guttatus (Latreille, 1804) Paguristes anomalus Bouvier, 1918
Panulirus laevicauda (Latreille, 1817) Paguristes cadenati Forest, 1954
Paguristes erythrops Holthuis, 1959
Family Scyllaridae Latreille, 1825 Paguristes grayi Benedict, 1901
Subfamily Ibacinae Holthuis, 1985 Paguristes hummi Wass, 1955
Genus Hypoconcha Guérin-Méneville, 1854 Genus Cyclozodion Williams & Child, 1988
Hypoconcha arcuata Stimpson, 1858 Cyclozodion tuberatum Williams & Child, 1988
Hypoconcha parasitica (Linnaeus, 1763)
(= H. sabulosa (Herbst, 1799)) Subfamily Matutinae De Haan, 1835
Hypoconcha spinosissima Rathbun, 1933
Genus Hepatus Latreille, 1802
Infraorder Brachyura Latreille, 1803 Hepatus epheliticus (Linnaeus, 1763)
Section Archaeobrachyura Guinot, 1977 Hepatus pudibundus (Herbst, 1785)
Superfamily Homoloidea De Haan, 1839
Family Cyclodorippidae Ortmann, 1892 Genus Osachila Stimpson, 1871
Osachila semilevis Rathbun, 1916
Genus Clythrocerus A. Milne Edwards & Bouvier,
1899 Family Leucosiidae Samouelle, 1819
Clythrocerus nitidus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) Subfamily Ebaliinae Stimpson, 1871
Genus Raninoides H. Milne Edwards, 1837 Genus Speloeophorus A. Milne Edwards, 1865
Raninoides loevis (Latreille, 1825) Speloeophorus elevatus Rathbun, 1898
Speloeophorus nodosus (Bell, 1855)
Subfamily Notopodinae Serène & Umali, 1972 Speloeophorus pontifer (Stimpson, 1871)
Genus Inachoides A. Milne Edwards & Lucas, 1843 Genus Macrocoeloma Miers, 1879
Inachoides forceps A. Milne Edwards, 1879 Macrocoeloma camptocerum (Stimpson, 1871)
Macrocoeloma diplacanthum (Stimpson, 1860)
Genus Metoporhaphis Stimpson, 1860 Macrocoeloma eutheca (Stimpson, 1871)
Metoporhaphis calcarata (Say, 1818) Macrocoeloma laevigatum (Stimpson, 1860)
Macrocoeloma septemspinosum (Stimpson, 1871)
Genus Podochela Stimpson, 1860 Macrocoeloma subparallelum (Stimpson, 1860)
Podochela gracilipes Stimpson, 1871 Macrocoeloma trispinosum trispinosum (Latreille,
Podochela macrodera Stimpson, 1860 1825)
Podochela riisei Stimpson, 1860 Macrocoeloma trispinosum nodipes (Desbonne,
Podochela sidneyi Rathbun, 1924 1867)
Macrocoeloma trispinosum variety of Rathbun,
Genus Pyromaia Stimpson, 1871 1925
Pyromaia cuspidata Stimpson, 1871
Genus Microphrys H. Milne Edwards, 1857
Genus Stenorhynchus Lamarck, 1818 Microphrys antillensis Rathbun, 1920
Stenorhynchus seticornis (Herbst, 1788) Microphrys bicornutus (Latreille, 1825)
Genus Tyche Bell, 1835 Genus Laleonectes Manning & Chace, 1990
Tyche emarginata White, 1847 Laleonectes vocans (A. Milne Edwards, 1878)
Genus Dyspanopeus Martin & Abele, 1986 Genus Micropanope Stimpson, 1871
Dyspanopeus sayi (Smith, 1869) Micropanope nuttingi (Rathbun, 1898)
Dyspanopeus texana (Stimpson, 1859) Micropanope pusilla A. Milne Edwards, 1880
Micropanope sculptipes Stimpson, 1871
Subfamily Pinnothereliinae Alcock, 1900 Genus Opecarcinus Kropp & Manning, 1987
Opecarcinus hypostegus (Shaw & Hopkins, 1977)
Genus Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997
Austinixa chacei (Wass, 1955) Genus Troglocarcinus Verrill, 1908
Austinixa cristata (Rathbun, 1900) Troglocarcinus corallicola Verrill, 1908
Austinixa gorei (Manning & Felder, 1989)
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