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Epinephelus malabaricus Malabar grouper

Epinephelus malabaricusis commonly referred to as Malabar grouper. Difficulty in the aquarium: suitable for large display tanks (public aquarium or zoo) only. Toxicity: Toxic hazard unknown.

Profilbild Urheber Joe De Vroe, USA

Foto: Hurghada,Ägypten


Courtesy of the author Joe De Vroe, USA Joe De Vroe

Uploaded by AndiV.

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lexID:
2695 
AphiaID:
218206 
Scientific:
Epinephelus malabaricus 
German:
Malabar-Zackenbarsch 
English:
Malabar Grouper 
Category:
Groupers 
Family tree:
Animalia (Kingdom) > Chordata (Phylum) > Actinopterygii (Class) > Perciformes (Order) > Serranidae (Family) > Epinephelus (Genus) > malabaricus (Species) 
Initial determination:
(Bloch & Schneider, ), 1801 
Occurrence:
Eritrea, Hong Kong, Sudan, Djibouti, (the) Maldives, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Australia, Bali, China, Comores, Egypt, Fiji, Great Barrier Reef, Gulf of Oman / Oman, India, Indian Ocean, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mayotte, Micronesia, Mozambique, New Caledonia, Pakistan, Palau, Papua, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Somalia, South-Africa, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Taiwan, Tansania, Thailand, the Mediterranean Sea, The Ryukyu Islands, the Seychelles, Timor, Tonga, Vietnam, Yemen 
Sea depth:
0 - 150 Meter 
Habitats:
Brackish water 
Size:
39.37" - 92.13" (100cm - 234cm) 
Temperature:
71.6 °F - 80.6 °F (22°C - 27°C) 
Food:
Big fish, Carnivore, Crabs, Crustaceans, Fish (little fishes), Predatory 
Difficulty:
suitable for large display tanks (public aquarium or zoo) only 
Offspring:
Not available as offspring 
Toxicity:
Toxic hazard unknown 
CITES:
Not evaluated 
Red List:
Least concern (LC)  
Related species at
Catalog of Life:
 
More related species
in this lexicon:
 
Author:
Publisher:
Meerwasser-Lexikon.de
Created:
Last edit:
2022-12-09 15:47:42 

Info

Epinephelus malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)

The Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus) also known as blackspot rockcod, estuary rockcod, giant rock cod, greasy grouper, Malabar rockcod, Morgan's cod or speckled grouper, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region. It has entered the Mediterranean Sea from the Red Sea by way of the Suez Canal as a Lessepsian migrant.

Synonymised names:
Cephalopholis malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) · unaccepted
Epinephelus cylindricus Postel, 1965 · unaccepted
Epinephelus malabrica (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) · unaccepted (misspelling)
Epinephelus salmoides (Lacepède, 1802) · unaccepted
Epinephelus salmonoides (Valenciennes, 1828) · unaccepted
Holocentrus malabaricus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 · unaccepted
Holocentrus salmoides Lacepède, 1802 · unaccepted
Serranus crapao Cuvier, 1829 · unaccepted
Serranus estuarius MacLeay, 1883 · unaccepted
Serranus polypodophilus Bleeker, 1849 · unaccepted
Serranus salmonoides Valenciennes, 1828 · unaccepted (misspelling)
Serranus semi-punctatus Valenciennes, 1828 · unaccepted (misspelling)

Scientific paper

  1. Transient Sex Change in the Immature Malabar Grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, Androgen Treatment, Murata, R.; Kobayashi, Y.; Karimata, H.; Kishimoto, K.; Kimura, M.; Nakamura, M. , 2014
  2. Estimation of dietary pantothenic acid requirement of grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus according to physiological and biochemical parameters, Yu-Hung Lin; Hui-You Lin; Shi-Yen Shiau, 2012
  3. Effects of dietary linolenic acid to linoleic acid ratio on growth, tissue fatty acid profile and immune response of the juvenile grouper Epinephelus malabaricus, Feng-Cheng Wu; Houng-Yung Chen, 2012
  4. The effects of a sudden salinity change on cortisol, glucose, lactate, and osmolality levels in grouperEpinephelus malabaricus, Wen-Ching Tsui,Jiann-Chu Chen,Sha-Yen Cheng, 2012
  5. Dietary folic acid requirement of grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, and its effects on non-specific immune responses, Yu-Hung Lin; Hui-You Lin; Shi-Yen Shiau, 2011
  6. Anisotropy and shift of search behavior in Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus) larvae in response to prey availability, Mohamed-Sofiane Mahjoub; Sami Souissi; François G. Schmitt; Fan-Hua Nan; Jiang-Shiou Hwang, 2011
  7. Dietary polysaccharide fromAngelica sinensisenhanced cellular defence responses and disease resistance of grouperEpinephelus malabaricus, Qing-Kui Wang; Cheng-Xun Chen; Yong-Jun Guo; Hai-Yun Zhao; Jing-Feng Sun; Shen Ma; Ke-Zhi Xing, 2011
  8. Dietary cobalt can promote gastrointestinal bacterial production of vitamin B12 in sufficient amounts to supply growth requirements of grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, Yu-Hung Lin; Jing-Yun Wu; Shi-Yen Shiau, 2010
  9. Dietary copper requirement reevaluation for juvenile grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, with an organic copper source, Yu-Hung Lin; Chia-Chi Shih; Megan Kent; Shi-Yen Shiau, 2010
  10. Mutual sparing of dietary requirements for alpha-tocopherol and selenium in grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, Yu-Hung Lin; Shi-Yen Shiau, 2009
  11. Gonadal sex differentiation in the Malabar grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, Ryosuke Murata; Hirofumi Karimata; Mohammad Ashraful Alam; Masaru Nakamura, 2009
  12. Dietary copper requirements of juvenile grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, Yu-Hung Lin; Yi-Ying Shie; Shi-Yen Shiau, 2008
  13. The effects of dietary selenium on the oxidative stress of grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, fed high copper, Yu-Hung Lin; Shi-Yen Shiau, 2007
  14. Optimum dietary protein and lipid specifications for juvenile malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus), Le Anh Tuan; Kevin C. Williams, 2007
  15. Diurnal variation of tryptic activity in larval stage and development of proteolytic enzyme activities of malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus) after hatching, Aya Fujii; Yuko Kurokawa; Shin'ichiro Kawai; Kenzo Yoseda; Shigeki Dan; Aya Kai; Masaru Tanaka, 2007
  16. Effects of temperature and delayed initial feeding on the growth of Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus) larvae, Kenzo Yoseda; Shigeki Dan; Takuma Sugaya; Ken Yokogi; Masaru Tanaka; Shinsyu Tawada, 2006
  17. Dietary selenium requirements of juvenile grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, Yu-Hung Lin; Shi-Yen Shiau, 2005
  18. Dietary vitamin E requirement of grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, at two lipid levels, and their effects on immune responses, Yu-Hung Lin; Shi-Yen Shiau, 2005
  19. Embryonic and larval development of the malabar grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus (Pisces: Serranidae), Leu, Ming-Yih; Liou, Chyng-Hwa; Fang, Lee-Shing , 2005
  20. Dietary l-ascorbic acid affects growth, nonspecific immune responses and disease resistance in juvenile grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, Mei-Fang Lin; Shi-Yen Shiau, 2005
  21. Dietary lipid requirement of grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, and effects on immune responses, Yu-Hung Lin; Shi-Yen Shiau, 2003
  22. Evaluation of dorsal aorta cannulation for immunological studies of grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus), Wan-Yu Lo; Ching-Fong Chang; Yen-Ling Song, 2003
  23. Copper/Zinc−Superoxide Dismutase from Epinephelus malabaricus cDNA and Enzyme Property, Ken, Chuian-Fu; Cheng, Yu-Feng; Chang, Ching-Fong; Lin, Chi-Tsai , 2003
  24. Dietary docosahexaenoic acid is more optimal than eicosapentaenoic acid affecting the level of cellular defence responses of the juvenile grouper Epinephelus malabaricus, F.C. Wu; Y.Y. Ting; H.Y. Chen, 2003
  25. Utilization of glucose and starch by the grouper Epinephelus malabaricus at 23°C, SHI-YEN SHIAU; YU-HUNG LIN, 2002
  26. Bioeconomic analysis of improving management productivity regarding grouper Epinephelus malabaricus farming in Taiwan, Sha Miao; Hung-Chi Tang, 2002
  27. Plasma vitellogenin of grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus): Isolation and properties, Prapaporn Utarabhand; Paiboon Bunlipatanon, 1996
  28. Optimum dietary protein level and protein to energy ratio for growth of grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus), Shi-Yen Shiau; Ching-Wan Lan, 1996
  29. Pathogenesis studies on Vibrio alginolyticus in the grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, Bloch et Schneider, Kuo-Kau Lee, 1995
  30. Optimal dietary protein level for the growth of juvenile grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, fed semipurified diets, Houng-Yung Chen; Jia-Chang Tsai, 1994
  31. A comparative study of the parasite fauna of wild and cultured grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus Bloch et Schneider) in Malaysia, Tak-Seng Leong; See-Yong Wong, 1988

External links

  1. FishBase (multi). Abgerufen am 07.08.2020.
  2. Wikipedia (en). Abgerufen am 09.12.2022.
  3. World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) (en). Abgerufen am 05.10.2020.

Pictures

Commonly

Foto: Hurghada,Ägypten
1
Copyright Richard & Mary Field
1
Epinephelus malabaricusi, Copyright by Aitsch-Pi
1
Epinephelus malabaricus
Foto: Apo Island, Negros Oriental, Philipinnen

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