Anemone hermit crab

Appearance

''Dardanus pedunculatus'' usually attain a maximum size of 10 centimetres . The carapace is mottled in tan and cream, while the eyestalks are white with red bands. The sexes are similar. The left claw is much larger than the right claw.

Distribution

''Dardanus pedunculatus'' has a broad distribution in the Indo-Pacific region, from the Seychelles in the west to Japan and Hawaii in the east. In Australia, it is found from New South Wales to Queensland.

Habitat

''D. pedunculatus'' usually lives on coral reefs and in the intertidal zone, at depths of 1–27 metres . It usually carries sea anemones on its shell, which it uses to protect itself from its main predator, cephalopods of the genus ''Octopus''. The anemones are collected at night, and comprises the crab stroking and tapping the anemone until it loosens its grip on the substrate, at which point it is moved onto the gastropod shell that the hermit crab inhabits.

Evolution

''Dardanus pedunculatus'' was first described by Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Herbst as ''Cancer pedunculatus'', in his 1804 work '; the type locality is not known.
It has since been placed in a number of different genera, including ''Pagurus'' and ''Neopagurus'', and a number of taxonomic synonyms have been created.

Uses

Hermit crabs are popular pets in marine aquaria, and ''Dardanus pedunculatus'' is occasionally kept, although the species has not been successfully reared in captivity.