59 Terrestrial Isopods from the Hawaiian Islands (Isopoda: Oniscidea)1 STEFANO TAITI (Centro di Studio per la Faunistica ed Ecologia Tropicali del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Romana 17, 50125 Firenze, Italy) and FRANCIS G. HOWARTH (Hawaii Biological Survey, Bishop Museum, PO Box 19000, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817, USA) The following are notable new distribution records for terrestrial isopods in Hawaii. Four species are newly recorded from the state, and many new island records are given for other species, especially for the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, where only one species (Porcellionides pruinosus [Brandt]) was previously known. All included records are based on specimens deposited in Bishop Museum. Taiti & Ferrara (1991) presented new distribution records and taxonomic information on 27 species and provided an overview of the terrestrial isopod fauna of the Hawaiian Islands, and Nishida (1994) listed all species recorded from the islands together with the island distributions of each. We call special attention to the several endemic armadillid pillbugs that have not been recollected in more than 60 years. These are Hawaiodillo danae (Dollfus) and H. sharpi (Dollfus) from Kauai, H. perkinsi (Dollfus) from Maui, Spherillo albospinosus (Dollfus) from Oahu, and S. carinulatus Budde-Lund from Kauai. In addition, S. hawaiensis Dana, previously recorded from Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, and Lanai was last collected on the main islands in 1933 on Oahu although it appears to be still common on Nihoa. We fear some species in this complex may be extinct and encourage field biologists to watch for them in potential refugia. For economy of space, the following abbreviations are used for collectors listed below: DJP = David J. Preston; DMA = D.M. Allread; ECZ = E.C. Zimmerman; EHB = E.H. Bryan, Jr.; ELB = E.L. Bousfield; FGH = Francis G. Howarth; GAS = G. Allan Samuelson; JWB = John W. Beardsley; NLE = Neal L. Evenhuis; NLHK = N.L.H. Krauss; SLM = Steven L. Montgomery; SFS = S.F. Swift; TWS = T.W. Suman; WAS = W.A. Steffan; WCG = Wayne G. Gagné. Ligiidae Ligia hawaiensis Dana, 1853 New island records This is a littoral species endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. Previous records from Fiji and Lombok, Indonesia are misidentifications. FRENCH FRIGATE SHOALS: New island record: La Perouse Pinnacle, 27.vi.1923 (EHB), 1 specimen. NECKER: New island record: 10.vi.1923 (C. Grant), 2 specimens. 21.vi.1923 (EHB), 1 specimen. 26.ix.1964 (JWB), 1 specimen. NIHOA: New island record: Miller Valley, 24-27.iv.1983, intertidal zone (WCG), 3 specimens. OAHU: W. Loch, Pearl Harbor, Honouliuli, 2.ii.1974, sea level on beach (FGH, WCG & F.D. Stone), 1 specimen. Waikane Trail, 22.x.1947 (H.S. Dybas), 1 specimen. Manana Islet, on sea cliff, 11.v.1975 (FGH), 1 specimen. MAUI: New island record: Makena, vii.1931 (Edmondson), 1 specimen. Kipahulu Valley, Puaaluu Gulch, Ka’u Bay, 6.vii.1980 (NLE & GAS), 1 specimen. Ligia perkinsi Dollfus, 1900 New island record This is a montane species living on wet vertical surfaces, including rheocrenes, 1. Contribution No. 1996-005 to the Hawaii Biological Survey. 60 BISHOP MUSEUM OCCASIONAL PAPERS: No. 45, 1996 stream margins, and wet mossy tree trunks. This species is endemic to the Hawaiian islands. Previous records from Samoa (Jackson, 1927a, b) refer to Ligia vitiensis. The Oahu record in Nishida (1994) was based on a misidentification; thus, this is the first true record of this species from Oahu. KAUAI: Hoary Head, Mt Haupu, 670 m, 30.viii.1970, on Tetraplasandra (WCG), 2 specimens. Lihue: Koloa Forest Reserve, Wahiawa Stream N Kanaele Bog, 630 m, 30.viii.1982, on rotting Tetraplasandra trunk (WCG), 2 specimens. Mt. Kahili, 940 m, 15.iii.1974, in liverworts on trees (FGH), 6 specimens. Near Alakai Swamp, 8.vii.1937 (ECZ), 1 specimen. Kaunuo Hua Ridge, 22.vii.1937 (ECZ), 1 specimen. OAHU: New island record: Koolau Mtns, Nuuanu Pali, 300 m, 26.xi.1980 & 16.viii.1985, on wet rock wall (FGH), 4 specimens. Styloniscidae Styloniscus mauritiensis New island record (Barnard, 1936) Commonly found under bark and in moss on trees. Besides Hawaii, it is also known from Mauritius and hothouses in Scotland. OAHU: Mt. Kaala, 1220 m, 19.iv.1966, in moss on tree (C.M. Yoshimoto), many specimens. LANAI: New island record: Summit Lanai Hale, 900 m, 17.i.1974, leaf litter under ohia and Dicranopteris (ELB), 4 specimens. MAUI: New island record: W Maui, Puu Kukui Trail, 900 m, near Haelaau Cabin, beating Dicranopteris, 19.i.1974 (ELB & FGH), 3 specimens. HAWAII: Hawaii Volcanoes Natl Park, Olaa Tract, 1170 m, 5.viii.1982 (F.D. Stone), 4 specimens. Styloniscus spinosus (Patience, 1907) New island record This species occurs in leaf litter and moss. It is also known from Mauritius, Madagascar, and Reunion. KAUAI: New island record: Alakai Swamp, 1220 m, 22.vii.1964 (TWS), many specimens. Same except near Alakai Swamp, 1125 m, 5 specimens. “Kokee State Park, Kawaikoi Stream Trail, 1060 m, 27.v.1989, moss on ohia, grass litter, and soil (SFS)”, 7 specimens. Kokee State Park, Pihea Trail, 1300 m, 27.v.1989, ohia litter (SFS), many specimens. Kalalau Trail, East fork of Hoolulu Stream, 95 m, 19.i.1973, leaf litter in Pandanus forest moss (WCG & D. Herbst), 1 specimen. Mt. Kahili, 900 m, 15.iii.1974, on wet cliff face & beating Dicranopteris (FGH), 2 specimens. Haena, Hwy 56, 13.v.1969 (DMA), Hibiscus tiliaceus litter, 2 specimens. Kokee, Hwy 55, 19 mi [30 km] from jct Hwy 50, 13.v.1969 (DMA), Cupressus humus. Waimea Canyon St Park, Hwy 55, 9.9 mi [16 km] from jct Hwy 50, 14.v.1969 (DMA), Eucalytpus litter. OAHU: Lanihuli at Nuuanu & Kalihi, 23.ii.1936 (R.L. Usinger), 6 specimens. Honolulu, Kalihi Valley, 27.iv.1966, in debris (W. Voss), 2 specimens. Tantalus, 300-500 m, 24.viii.1963, bamboo leaves (D.M. Tsuda), many specimens. Koolau Range, Kaumuhonu Peak, slopes, 525 m, ca. 2 km NE Mt Tantalus, 19.v.1982, on moss soil under koa (GAS), 2 specimens. Aiea, Keiawa Heiau Campsite, 5.vii.1981, leaf litter (SFS), many specimens. Koolau Mtns, Poamoho Trail, 650 m, 23.xii.1972, sifting leaf litter in native rainforest (WCG & J. Jacobi), 3 specimens. N end Koolau Mtns, 9.v.1964 (TWS), many specimens. Koolau Mtns, Laie Trail, 550 m, 29.xi.1974, sifting litter (FGH), 1 specimen. Kawailoa Forest Reserve, 750 m, 25.viii.1973, sifting moss leaf litter (WCG), 1 specimen. Mt Kaala, 1225 m, 27.iii.1987, leaf litter (P. Swift), 9 specimens. LANAI: New island record: Summit Lanaihale, 900 m, 17.i.1974, leaf litter under ohia & Dicranopteris (ELB), 1 specimen. Road to summit near pipeline tunnel, 600 m, 17.i.1974, in Eucalyptus litter (FGH & ELB), 1 specimen MAUI: New island record: W. Maui, Puu Kukui Trail, 1220 m, in Cibotium, 18.i.1974 (ELB & FGH), 3 specimens. Same except 900 m, near Haelaau Cabin, 2 specimens. E. Maui, Koolau Forest RECORDS OF THE HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR 1995 61 Reserve, 1300 m, 23.i.1973, tree fern and moss litter (FGH & ELB), 1 specimen. Koolau Forest Reserve, Hanawi Stream, 1525 m, 9.viii.1973, under rotting Tetraplasandra dipyrena bark (WCG), 4 specimens. Waikamoi Forest Reserve, 1219 m, 3.i.1986, litter (W.D. Perriera), many specimens. Haleakala Natl Park, Kipahulu Valley, 400 m, 24.vii.1980, moss on rock (no coll.), many specimens. Same except Puu Ahuula, leaf litter (WAS), many specimens. Same except Palikea Stream, 500 m, 7.vii.1980, moss on log (NLE, WCG & GAS), many specimens. Same except Puaaluu Stream, 0-300 m, 22.vii.1980 (D. Bishop), 10 specimens. HAWAII: Hamakua Forest Reserve, 2 mi SSW of Paauito, 700 m, 18.xii.1960, leaf litter (G.E. Haas), 12 specimens. Kohala Mtns, East Ridge Puu Pili, 1370 m, 6.vii.1964, leaf litter (B. Haas), many specimens. Kohala Mtns, 1050 m, 29.vii.1966, moss under trees (JWB, TWS, P. Ashlock, & C. Yoshimoto), many specimens. Trichoniscidae Haplophthalmus danicus New state record Budde-Lund, 1885 This is a widespread species known from Europe, North Africa, Asia Minor, several Atlantic islands, North America, and Japan. MAUI: 2.5 mi S Kahakuloa, 21.i.1973, sifting litter (FGH & ELB), 2 specimens. Scyphacidae Alloniscus oahuensis Budde-Lund, 1885 This is a strictly littoral species that occurs under logs, or litter in the upper part of sandy shores. It is widely distributed in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. OAHU: Kaneohe Bay, near Kahaluu mud flats above high water, 14.i.1973 (ELB & FGH), many specimens. Kaiwainui Marsh, sealevel, 15.xi.1980, litter adjacent to marsh (WCG), 3 specimens. Popoia Islet, 27.x.1973, debris (FGH), 1 specimen. MOLOKAI: 1 mi west Kamehameha, Coconut Grove, 1st stop near mauka edge of mangrove, 16.i.1974 (ELB & FGH), 1 specimen. Philosciidae Anchiphiloscia pilosa New island records (Budde-Lund, 1913) This species has a wide distribution in the lands around the Indian and Pacific Oceans where it occurs in leaf litter and along low altitude streams. KAUAI: New island record: Haena, Hwy 56, 13.v.1969 (DMA), mango leaf litter, 2 specimens Haena, Hwy 56, 13.v.1969 (DMA), Hibiscus tiliaceus litter, 2 specimens. OAHU: Lanihuli at Nuuanu & Kalihi, 23.ii.1936 (R.L. Usinger), 4 specimens. Kaneohe Bay, 14.i.1973, mangrove litter (ELB & FGH), 2 specimens. Honolulu, Salt Lake, 8.i.1978 (J. Nishioka), 2 specimens. MAUI: New island record: Hana, 5 mi W junction Highway 360 & Airport Road, 24.i.1973, sifting leaf litter & rotting logs (FGH & ELB), 2 specimens. Australophiloscia societatis New island records (Maccagno, 1932) A very common species throughout Polynesia. It lives in leaf litter, moss and under tree bark. PEARL AND HERMES ATOLL: New island record: Southeast I, 28.v.1969, Burrow of wedgetailed shearwater (DMA), 1 specimen. KAUAI: New island record: Kalalau Trail, E fork Hoolulu Stream, 95 m, 19.i.1973, leaf litter 62 BISHOP MUSEUM OCCASIONAL PAPERS: No. 45, 1996 in Pandanus forest moss (WCG & D. Herbst), many specimens. Haena, start of Kalalau-Napali Trail, 19.i.1973, leaf litter on beach (FGH & ELB), 7 specimens. Haena, Hwy 56, 13.v.1969 (DMA), Casuarina humus, many specimens; same data except Psidium litter, many specimens. Haena, Hwy 56, 13.v.1969 (DMA), mango leaf litter, 8 specimens. Haena, Hwy 56, 13.v.1969 (DMA), Hibiscus tiliaceus litter, many specimens. Haena, Hwy 56, 13.v.1969 (DMA), Eugenia litter, many specimens. Wailua, 0.5 mi [0.8 km], NW Coco Palms Hotel, 13.v.1969 (DMA), Eucalyptus litter, many specimens. Waimea Canyon Rd, 1–200 m, 14.v.1969 (DMA), Acacia decurrens humus, 15 specimens. OAHU: Manoa, 4.vii.1928, under bark Acacia koa (no coll.), 1 specimen. Pupukea, 6.v.1932, Broussaisia arguta (O. Bryant), 2 specimens. Kamokunui Valley, 1.x.1933 (NLHK), 2 specimens. Kipapa, 18.ix.1934 (EHB), 1 specimen. Lanihuli at Nuuanu & Kahili, 23.ii.1936 (R.L. Usinger), 5 specimens. Castle Trail, 27.ix.1938 (EHB), 6 specimens. Waimano Trail, 27.iii.1941, mossy bark (EHB), 2 specimens. Kalihi Valley, 60 m, 4.iii.1961 (Y. Miyataki), many specimens. Manoa Valley, 29.iv.1961 (Y. Miyatake), many specimens. Tantalus, 300-500 m, 24.viii. 1963, bamboo (D.M. Tsuda), 5 specimens. Aiea, Keaiwa Heiau State Park, 26.vii.1964, in shaded ravine (TWS), 13 specimens. N end Koolau Mtns, 9.v.1964 (TWS), 8 specimens. Kailua, Ulumawao, E slope, 45 m, 19.vii.1966 (T.Suman), many specimens. Honolulu, Kalihi Valley, 27.iv.1966, in debris (W.Voss), 12 specimens. Koolau Mtns, Waikane Trail, 650 m, 20.x.1974, ex. Cladium clumps (WCG), 2 specimens. Koolau Mtns, Laie Trail, 550 m, 29.xi.1974, sifting litter (FGH), 7 specimens. Koolau Mtns, Poamoho Trail, 2.vi.1977, leaf litter near summit (FGH), 2 specimens. Same data except 790 m, 1.xii.1974, on mossy tree trunk, 3 specimens. Koolau Range, Kaumuhonu Peak, slopes 525 m, ca. 2 km NE Mt Tantalus, 19.v.1982, on moss soil under koa (GAS), 1 specimen. Halawa Valley, 300 m, 8.vii.1992, ex malaise trap (DJP), 1 specimen. Same data except 19.x.1995, beating ieie, 15 specimens. Same data except 250 m, beating Sadleria (DJP), 8 specimens. Same data except 350-375 m, 10.i.1994, on Pritchardia (FGH & DJP), 16 specimens. Waianae Mtns, Nanikuli, 6.v.1923 (O. Oswald), 9 specimens. Makaleha Valley, 13.i.1929 (no coll.), 11 specimens. Head of Makua Valley, 450 m, 6.viii.1965 (WAS & C. Phillips), many specimens. Honouliuli Forest Reserve, Kaluaa Gulch, 730 m,10.x.1976, ieie axils., (FGH), 1 specimen. Mt Kaala, 800 m, FAA Road, 18.i.1983, sweeping Dicranopteris (FGH & SLM), 1 specimen. Lualualei, Halona Valley, 500 m, 9.v.1994, under talus in Sapindus & general collecting (FGH), 15 specimens. MOLOKAI: New island record: McVeigh’s, 28.vii.1925 (A.F. Judd), 2 specimens. Kainalu, 22.vii.1927 (EHB), 4 specimens. Kaulolo, 8.vii.1968, under moist leaves at roadside (DMA), 1 specimen. Pukoo, 730 m, 27.i.1973, sifting moss base of trees (WCG), 3 specimens. Molokai Forest Reserve, Kolekole Cabin Trail, 1020 m, 14.i.1974, Sadleria crowns & rotten stumps (ELB & FGH), 1 specimen. MAUI: New island record: Nahiku, 30.xii.1931 (NLHK), 2 specimens. 2.5 mi S Kahakuloa, 21.i.1973, sifting litter (FGH & ELB), many specimens. Haleakala Natl Park, Kipahulu Valley, 400 m, 24.vii.1980, moss on rock (no coll.), many specimens. Same data except 500 m, 5.vii.1980, Pandanus leafaxils (GAS), many specimens. Kipahulu Valley, gauging station, 475 m, 5.vii.1980 (WCG & NLE), 10 specimens. Same data except Puaaluu Stream, 300-500 m, 21-22.vii.1980 (D. Bishop & G.M. Nishida), 10 specimens. Same data except 100 m, 6.vii.1980, under Eugenia jambos bark (WCG), 1 specimen. Same data except 0-300 m, 22.vii.1980, 9 specimens. Same data except 425 m, moss on Metrosideros (G. Young), 1 specimen. Same data except 300 m, 22.vi.1980, riparian, 2 specimens. Same data except Puu Ahuula, 400 m, 24.vii.1980, leaf litter (WAS), 9 specimens. Same data except Koukouai Stream, 4 specimens. Same data except Puu Ahuula to Palikea, 400-600 m, 23.vii.1980, 1 specimen. W Maui, Iao Valley, at overlook, 21.i.1973, sifting leaf litter near stream (FGH & ELB), 7 specimens. Puu Kukui Trail, 900 m, near Haelaau Cabin, 19.i.1974, beating Dicranopteris & in Cibotium (ELB & FGH), 5 specimens. HAWAII: Kohala Mtns, Honopue Valley, 600 m, 9-13.vi.1970 (WCG), 1 specimen. Burmoniscus mauritiensis New island record (Taiti & Ferrara, 1983) Occurs in disturbed habitats at low altitudes. It has a wide distribution from Maur- RECORDS OF THE HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR 1995 63 itius to Hawaii. OAHU: New island record: Manoa Valley, 29.iv.1961 (Y. Miyatake), many specimens. Honolulu, Kahili Valley, 27.iv.1966, in debris (W. Voss), many specimens. Kaneohe Bay, 14.i.1973, mangrove litter (ELB & FGH), 5 specimens. Same data except 25.iii.1973 (FGH), 1 specimen. Koolau Mtns, Tantalus, 30.ix.1976, taro axils (FGH), 3 specimens. Burmoniscus meeusei (Holthuis, 1947) New island record Common in leaf litter on and near beaches, and along streams. Originally described from greenhouses at Kew, UK, it appears to have a very wide distribution in the tropics, including Brazil, Taiwan, and the Hawaiian Islands. KAUAI: New island record: Kapaa, Hwy 580, 6 mi [9.5 km] above Opaekaa Fals, 13.v.1969 (DMA), Albizzia litter, 1 specimen. Haena, start of Kalalau-Napali Trail, 19.i.1973, leaf litter on beach (FGH & ELB), 1 specimen. MOLOKAI: New island record: Kalawao Crater Lake, 0 m, 14.viii.1973, leaf litter (WCG & FGH), 5 specimens. MAUI: New island record: 2.5 mi S Kahakuloa, 21.i.1973, sifting litter (FGH & ELB), 1 specimen. Hana Beach, 24.i.1973, in false kamani litter on beach (FGH & ELB), 1 specimen. Kipahulu Valley, Puaaluu Stream, 100 m, 6.vii.1980, under Eugenia jambos bark (WCG), 2 specimens. Burmoniscus okinawaensis New island record (Nunomura, 1986) A euryotopic species particularly common in disturbed habitats. Recorded from China, Japan, Taiwan, and Hawaii. OAHU: Kaneohe Bay, 25.iii.1973, mangrove leaf litter (FGH), 1 specimen. Kawailoa Forest Reserve, 750 m, 25.viii.1973, sifting moss leaf litter (WCG), 3 specimens. North Halawa Valley, 350 m, 10.i.1994, Prichardia (FGH & DJP), 2 specimens. Mt Kaala, 800 m, 18.i.1983, sweeping Dicranopteris (FGH & SLM), 2 specimens. Lualualei, Halona Valley, 500 m, 9.v.1994 (FGH), 2 specimens. MAUI: New island record: Hana, 5 mi [8 km] W jct Highway 360 & Airport Road, 24.i.1973, sifting leaf litter & rotting logs (FGH & ELB), 1 specimen. Kipahulu Valley, Puaaluu Stream, 100 m, 6.vii.1980, under Eugenia jambos bark (WCG), 4 specimens. Littorophiloscia culebrae New island record (Moore, 1901) A strictly halophilic littoral species found under debris, logs, and stones on both rocky and sandy shores. It is widely distributed in the tropics; currently known from Florida, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Virgin Islands, Angola, Madagascar, and Hawaii. PEARL AND HERMES ATOLL: New island record: Southeast I, 20.vii.1983 (WCG), 15 specimens. LISIANSKI: New island record: 7.viii.1983, under rocks on beach (WCG), 14 specimens. Littorophiloscia hawaiiensis New island record Taiti & Ferrara, 1986 This littoral species occurs from the shoreline to a few hundred meters inland. It appears to be endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. LAYSAN: New island record: iv.1923, under rocks of guano (S.C. Ball), 1 specimen. Tropicana minuta New island records Manicastri & Taiti, 1987 This species has a wide distribution in the tropics where it occurs in leaf litter, moss, 64 BISHOP MUSEUM OCCASIONAL PAPERS: No. 45, 1996 and under tree bark from sea level to ca. 900 m elevation. It has been recorded from Cameroon, Comoros Islands, Sri Lanka, and Hawaii. KAUAI: New island record: Haena, Hwy 56, 13.v.1969 (DMA), Casuarina humus, many specimens. Haena, Hwy 56, 13.v.1969 (DMA), Hibiscus tiliaceus litter, 1 specimen. Kapaa, Hwy 580, 6 mi [9.5 km] above Opaekaa Fals, 13.v.1969 (DMA), Albizzia litter, 1 specimen. Haena, start of Kalalau-Napali Trail, 19.i.1973, leaf litter on beach (FGH & ELB), 1 specimen. Mt. Kahili, 900 m, 15.iii.1974, on wet cliff face & beating Dicranopteris (FGH), 1 specimen. OAHU: Manoa Valley, 29.iv.1961 (Y. Miyatake), 1 specimen. Kalihi Valley, 60 m, 4.iii.1961 (Y. Myiatake), 3 specimens. Honolulu, Kalihi Valley, 27.iv.1966, in debris (W.Voss), 9 specimens. N end Koolau Mtns, 9.v.1964 (TWS), many specimens. Koolau Mtns, 650 m, Poamoho Trail, 23.xii.1972, sifting leaf litter in native rainforest (WCG & J. Jacobi), 4 specimens. Same data except 760 m, 15.ix.1973, mosses under dense shrubs (WCG), 1 specimen. Koolau Range, Kaumuhonu Peak, slopes 525 m, ca. 2 km NE Mt Tantalus,19.v.1982, on moss soil under koa (GAS), 1 specimen. MAUI: New island record: Haleakala Natl Park, Kipahulu Valley, 400 m, 24.vii.1980, moss on rock (no coll.), 1 specimen. Same data except Puu Ahuula, leaf litter (WAS), many specimens. Same data except Koukouai Gulch Ridge, in moss (G. Nishida), 4 specimens. Same data except Puaaluu Stream, 100 m, 6.vii.1980, under Eugenia jambos bark (WCG), many specimens. Platyarthridae Trichorhina heterophthalma New island record Lemos de Castro, 1964 A pantropical species, it is common in disturbed habitats at low elevation. KAUAI: New island record: Haena, Hwy 56, 13.v.1969 (DMA), Casuarina humus, 3 specimens. Haena, start of Kalalau-Napali Trail, 19.i.1973, leaf litter on beach (FGH & ELB), 1 specimen. Trichorhina tomentosa New island records (Budde-Lund, 1893) This is a parthenogenetic species with a very wide ecological range. It is distributed throughout the tropical belt. KURE: New island record: ii.1964 (F.Kelley), 1 female. LAYSAN: New island record: 27.iv.-7.v.1959 (G. Butler), 12 females. 10.xii.1963, roots of bunch grass (N. Wilson), 6 females. 23.vii.1983, in bird burrow beneath Cynodon dactylon (WCG), 5 females. KAUAI: Waimea, Hwy 55, 5.7 mi [9.2 km] from jct Hwy 50, 14.v.1969 (DMA), Acacia decurrens humuis, 6 females. OAHU: Honolulu, Kalihi, 120 m, 30.xii.1979, in Pheidole nest in wood (FGH), 3 females. Honolulu, Liliha, 12.iv.1984, litter (SFS), many females. LANAI: New island record: 21.iii.1928, ex pineapple roots (J.F. I.[llingworth]), many females. KAHOOLAWE: New island record: Moa Ula Iki, 425 m, 27.iv.1980, rotting wiliwili wood (FGH), 12 females. MAUI: New island record: Haleakala Natl Park, Kipahulu Valley, near Kualoa Point, 5 m, 6.vii.1980, dead Pandanus branches (NLE & GAS), 1 female. Trachelipodidae Nagurus cristatus (Dollfus, 1889) New island records This is a parthenogenetic species, which is distributed pantropically. OAHU: New island record: Honolulu, Kalihi Valley, 27.iv.1966, in debris (W. Voss), 1 female. Halawa Valley, 300 m, 19.v.1993, 26.v.1993, 3.vi.1993, 10.vi.1993, & 22.ix.1993, ex malaise trap (DJP), 6 females. Same data except 19.x.1995, beating ieie, 2 females. Same data except 350 m, 10.i.1994, Prichardia (FGH & DJP), 4 females. RECORDS OF THE HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR 1995 65 MOLOKAI: New island record: Papio Stream, 180 m, 29.ix.1995, rotten mango stem (W.D. Perriera), 1 female. MAUI: New island record: Kipahulu Valley, 500 m, 5.vii.1980, Pandanus leafaxils (GAS) 9 females. Kipahulu Valley, Puaaluu Stream, 100 m, 6.vii.1980, under Eugenia jambos bark (WCG), 4 females. Nagurus nanus (Budde-Lund,1908) This eurytopic species is particularly common in disturbed habitats and synanthropically. It has a pantropical distribution. OAHU: Honolulu, Kalihi, 120 m, 30.xii.1979, in Pheidole nest in wood (FGH), 3 specimens. Nagurus sundaicus (Dollfus, 1898) New state record Widely distributed in the Oriental and Australian Regions. Previously recorded from China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, and the Loyalty Islands. PEARL AND HERMES ATOLL: Southeast I, 28.v.1969 (DMA), 4 specimens. Southeast I, 26.iv.1923 (no coll.), 1 specimen. Porcellionidae Porcellio dilatatus dilatatus New state record Brandt, 1833 This species is of western Mediterranean origin and has been spread by humans to many parts of the world. HAWAII: Puu Kamaoa, 10.vii.1923 (W. Meinecke), 4 specimens. Porcellio laevis Latreille, 1804 New island records Cosmopolitan species of Mediterranean origin. It is very common in synanthropic sites. MIDWAY ISLANDS: New island record: Sand I, 29.i.1955 (C.F. Clagg), 1 specimen. No other data (C.F. Clagg), 4 specimens. Sand I, iv.1957 (Y. Oshiro), 1 specimen. LISIANSKI: New island record: 7.viii.1983, under rocks on beach & under fallen cocunuts (WCG), 8 specimens. NIIHAU: New island record: Kaali Spring, 16.viii.1947 (H. St. John & L.D. Tuthill), 1 specimen. KAUAI: 21.v.1969 (R. Amerson), 3 specimens. OAHU: Makaleha Valley, 13.i.1929 (no coll.), 1 specimen. Kamokunui Valley, 1.x.1933 (NLHK), 1 specimen. Honolulu, x.1941 (Y. Kondo), 4 specimens. Honolulu, Salt Lake, 16 & 19.vii.1977 (J. Nishioka), 5 specimens. West Loch Pearl Harbor, Honouliuli, 2.ii.1974, in beach or mangrove litter (FGH, WCG & F.D. Stone), 1 specimen. MOLOKAI: New island record: Waikamoi, Kawela Road, 24.vii.1925 (A.F. Judd), 1 specimen. Halawa Valley, 23.iii.1970 (J.L. Gressitt), 1 specimen. LANAI: ex pine soil, 30.viii.1927 (no collector), 12 specimens. KAHOOLAWE: New island record: Beck’s Cove, 11-14.ii.1980 (G.M. Nishida), 2 specimens. Moa Ula Iki, 425 m, 27.iv.1980, rotting wiliwili wood (FGH), 2 specimens. MAUI: New island record: Haiku, xii.1927, ex pineapple refuse (EHB), 1 specimen. 2.5 mi S Kahakuloa, 21.i.1973, sifting litter (FGH & ELB), 1 specimen. Kaanapali, 2.xi.1992, on sand near vegetation (SFS), 4 specimens. Porcellio lamellatus lamellatus New island records Budde-Lund, 1885 This is a littoral species found in the Mediterranean area and some Atlantic islands. 66 BISHOP MUSEUM OCCASIONAL PAPERS: No. 45, 1996 It has been introduced to Cuba, Argentina, Bermuda, and Rottnest Island, western Australia. FRENCH FRIGATE SHOALS: New island record: Tern I, 22.iii.1984, under debris (WCG), 5 specimens. KAUAI: New island record: Haena start of Kalalau-Napali Trail, 19.i.1973, leaf litter on beach (FGH & ELB), 1 specimen. MOLOKAI: New island record: 1 mi W Kamehameha, Coconut Grove, 1st stop near mauka edge of mangrove, 16.i.1974 (ELB & FGH), 4 specimens. Porcellio scaber Latreille,1804 New island record This native to western Europe is now cosmopolitan in distribution. In the Hawaiian Islands, it is the most common species at high elevations in both grassland and forests. KAUAI: Alakai Swamp, 1250 m, 1.iv.1969 (J.L. Gressitt), 1 specimen. Kokee, Alakai Swamp, 17.i.1973, wet moss at base of trees (FGH, ELB & WCG), 10 specimens. Same data except first bog, Oreobolus litter (FGH & WCG), 1 specimen. Nr. Kalalau Lookout, 17.i.1973, in moss (FGH & ELB), 5 specimens. 0.9 mi E Kokee State Park, 17.i.1973, mossy road cut bank (FGH & ELB), 6 specimens. Kokee State Park, Kawaikoi Stream, 1060 m, 27.v.1989, ohia bark (SFS), 7 specimens. MAUI: New island record: Olinda, 10.iii.1932 (O. Bryant), 1 specimen. Olinda, iv.1967, on plant (NLHK), 8 specimens. Waikamoi Stream, 1220 m, 19.vii.1965 (TWS), 2 specimens. Koolau Forest Reserve, 1300 m, 23.i.1973, tree fern & moss litter (FGH & ELB), 10 specimens. Haleakala Natl Park, Kapalaoa Cabin, 2200 m, 18.vi.1980, at night on ground (WCG), 5 specimens. Haleakala Natl. Park, near Hosmer’s Grove, 12.x.1983 (B. & WCG), 4 specimens. HAWAII: HVNP [Hawaii Volcanoes Natl Park], 1/2 way between Volcano House & Crater Hotel, E side road, 4.viii.1922 (M.C. Neal), 1 specimen. HVNP, x.1975, ex Hibiscadelphus (J.K. Baker & S. Allen), 1 specimen. HVNP, Mauna Ulu, 1000 m, 1973 lava flow, 15.ii.1974, Cheese bait trap 100 m from vegetation (FGH & F.D. Stone), 1 specimen. Volcano, Olaa Forest-Wright Road, 25.i.1973, tree fern harvest area litter (FGH & ELB), 2 specimens. Saddle Road, Puu Huluhulu, 28.viii.1979, under stones (FGH), 2 specimens. Kohala Mtns, Honopue Valley, 600 m, 9-13.vi.1970 (WCG), 3 specimens. Kohala Mtns, Upper Hamakua Ditch Trail, 900 m, 26.i.1973, sifting moss, fern & leaf litter (FGH & ELB), 8 specimens. Porcellionides pruinosus (Brandt, 1833) New island records A cosmopolitan species of Mediterranean origin. It is very common in synanthropic sites. KURE: 21.iv.1978 (D. Grady), 2 specimens. iii. 1979 (R. Grady), 1 specimen. MIDWAY ISLANDS: New island record: Sand I, iv.1957 (Y. Oshiro), 2 specimens. (C.F. Clagg) no other data, 5 specimens. PEARL AND HERMES ATOLL: New island record: Southeast I, 26.iv.1923 (no collector), 2 specimens. Southeast I, 28.v.1969, burrow of wedgetailed shearwater (DMA), many specimens. 28.v.1969 (D. M. Allred), many specimens. Southeast I, 20.vii.1983 (WCG), 3 specimens. Grass I, 10.viii.1983 (WCG), 10 specimens. LISIANSKI: New island record: 17.v.1923, grass patch (C. Grant), 12 specimens. iv.1923 (D.T. Fullaway), 2 specimens. 7.viii.1983, under rocks on beach (WCG), 1 specimen. LAYSAN: 25.iv.1923, under rocks of guano (S.C. Ball), many specimens. 9.iv.1923, around wood shacks (D.T. Fullaway), 5 specimens. 27.iv.-7.v.1959 (G. Butler), 10 specimens. 10.xii.1965, roots of bunch grass (N. Wilson), 7 specimens. 22.vii.1983, at night (WCG), 4 specimens [no date] (J.W. Thompson), 9 specimens. FRENCH FRIGATE SHOALS: New island record: Tern I, 22.iii.1984, under debris (WCG), 3 specimens. NECKER: New island record: 18-20.vi.1923, under stones (EHB), 11 specimens. NIHOA: New island record: 12.vi.1923, Sporobolus (EHB), 3 specimens. 10-12.vii.1924 (T.T. RECORDS OF THE HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR 1995 67 Dranga), 3 specimens. E Palm Valley, 100 m, 26.iv.1983, in Eragrostis clumps (WCG), 3 specimens. KAUAI: New island record: 21.v.1969 (R. Amerson), 1 specimen. Haena, start of Kalalau-Napali Trail, 19.i.1973, leaf litter on beach (FGH & ELB), 1 specimen. OAHU: Honolulu, Bishop Museum gardens, 1.vii.1971 (J. Tenorio & A. Adeniya), 5 specimens. MOLOKAI: New island record: 1 mi W Kamehameha Coconut Grove, 1st stop near mauka edge of mangrove, 16.i.1974 (ELB & FGH), 2 specimens. MAUI: New island record: Hana Beach, 24.i.1973, in false kamani litter (FGH & ELB), 5 specimens. Armadillidiidae Armadillidium vulgare (Latreille, 1804) New state record This species, native to the Mediterranean, has been spread by humans to many parts of the world, except higher latitudes and altitudes. It is common in many habitats, particularly in synanthropic sites such as houses, gardens, and cultivated lands. OAHU: Kapalama, 240 m, 9.x.1993, under stone (FGH & DJP), 1 specimen. Eubelidae Elumoides monocellatus New island record Taiti & Ferrara, 1983 This species is common under stones and in litter at low altitudes, especially near the coast. It has a wide distribution in the Indian and Pacific area, from the Seychelles to Hawaii. PEARL AND HERMES ATOLL: New island record: Southeasst I, 28.v.1969 (DMA), 2 specimens. Armadillidae Cubaris murina Brandt, 1833 New island records This is a pantropical species with synanthropic habits, abundant in very disturbed habitats. NIIHAU: New island record: Kaali Spring, 16.viii.1947 (H. St. John & L.D. Tuthill), 1 specimen. KAUAI: New island record: Moloaa, 75 m, 6.viii.1928, pineapple field (no collector), 1 specimen. Puu Konanae, 75 m, 6.viii.1928 (EHB), 1 specimen. LANAI: New island record: ex pine soil, 30.viii.1927 (no coll.), 13 specimens. KAHOOLAWE: New island record: Beck’s Cove, 11-14.ii.1980 (G.M. Nishida), 3 specimens. MAUI: New island record: Kipahulu Valley, above Puaaluu Stream, 25 m, 6.vii.1980, under Eugenia jambos bark (NLE & GAS), 5 specimens. Hawaiodillo cf. perkinsi (Dollfus, 1900) Comparison with the type of perkinsi (the only known specimen of this species collected in 1894 from Haleakala on Maui) is necessary to confirm identification of the Kauai material. This is an endemic genus with nothing known of its biology. KAUAI: Kaunuo Hua Ridge, 21-22.vii.1937 (ECZ), 4 specimens. Hawaiodillo sharpi (Dollfus, 1900) Notable rediscovery A single specimen of this endemic species was originally collected from 4,000 ft [1220 m] on Kauai in 1896. The specimen recorded here represents only the second known record of this species. KAUAI: near Alakai Swamp, 8.viii.1937 (ECZ), 1 specimen. 68 BISHOP MUSEUM OCCASIONAL PAPERS: No. 45, 1996 Reductoniscus costulatus New island record Kesselyak, 1930 This species common under stones and in leaf litter at low altitudes, especially near the coast. It has a wide distribution in the Indian and Pacific area, from the Seychelles to Hawaii. KAUAI: New island record: Haena, start of Kalalau-Napali Trail, 19.i.1973, leaf litter on beach (FGH & ELB), 1 specimen. OAHU: Honolulu, Kalihi, 120 m, 30.xii.1979, in Pheidole nest in wood (FGH), 2 specimens. Liliha, 12.iv.1984. (SFS), 2 specimens. Tripler Army Medical Center, 13.iv.1995, Ficus litter (SFS), many specimens. Spherillo hawaiensis Dana, 1853 New island record This xerophilic species is a Hawaiian endemic previously reported from Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, and Lanai. Although there are no recent collections from those islands, it is still abundant on Nihoa. NIHOA: New island record: 11–14.vi.1923 (EHB), 37 specimens. 11.vi.1923 (Thaonum), 1 specimen. 10–12.vii.1924 (T.T. Dranga), 7 specimens. 23.ix.1964, under Eragrostis (JWB), 4 specimens. Devil’s Slide, 200 m, 30.iv.1983, in scree & adjacent cliff bases at night (WCG), 2 specimens. W Palm Valley, 100 m, 25.iv.1983, pitfall trap under shrubs (WCG), 2 specimens. KAUAI: Honopu, 20.vi.1922 (EHB), 1 specimen. OAHU: Nanakuli, 6.v.1923 (O. Oswald), 2 specimens. Kamokunui Valley, 1.x.1933 (NLHK), 2 specimens. Venezillo parvus (Budde-Lund, 1885) New island records This pantropical species is very abundant in disturbed habitats at low altitude, under stones, logs, and in leaf litter. KURE: New island record: ii.1964 (F. Kelley), 1 specimen. KAUAI: New island record: Moloaa, 75 m, 6.viii.1928, pineapple field (no collector), 2 specimens. Puu Konanae, 75 m, 6.viii.1928 (EHB), 1 specimen. Haena, start of Kalalau-Napali Trail, 19.i.1973, leaf litter on beach (FGH & ELB), 1 specimen. Haena, Hwy 56, 13.v.1969 (DMA), Hibiscus tilaceus litter, 4 specimens. Haena, Hwy 56, 13.v.1969 (DMA), Eugenia litter, 1 specimen. Kapaa, Hwy 580, 6 mi [9.6 km] above Opaekaa Falls, 13.v.1969 (DMA), Albizzia litter, 2 specimens. OAHU: Head of Makua Valley, 450 m, 6.viii.1965 (WAS & C. Phillips), 3 specimens. Kalihi, 60 m, 4.iii.1961 (Y. Miyatake), 2 specimens. Liliha, 12.iv.1984 (SFS), 9 specimens. Kaneohe Bay, 25.iii.1973, mangrove litter (FGH), 2 specimens. Acknowledgments Financial support was provided by the Italian Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Bilateral USA-Italy Program grant to S. Taiti and FGH for 1995. Literature Cited Jackson, H.G. 1927a. A new subgenus of Ligia, with further observations on the genus. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 19: 129–36. ———. 1927b. Isopoda terrestria. Insects of Samoa 8(1): 1–11. Nishida, G.M., ed. 1994. Hawaiian terrestrial arthropod checklist. Second edition. Bishop Mus. Tech. Rep. 4, 287 p. Taiti, S. & F. Ferrara. 1991. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea) from the Hawaiian Islands. Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 31: 202–27. TAXON Ku Mi Pe adv end end Li Ly Fr Ne Na Fr Ne Na Nu Ka Oa Mo Ln Ka Ka Oa Oa Mo Oa Kh Ma Ha Ma Ha adv Ha adv Oa Ln Ma Ha adv Ka Oa Ln Ma Ha Ma adv ? Oa adv Ka Oa adv Oa ? Oa adv Oa adv Ka Oa ind Pe Ka Oa Ka Ha Ma Ha Mo Oa adv adv Mo Ln? Ma Ha Ha Mo Ma Ha 69 LIGIIDAE 1. Ligia exotica Roux, 1828 2. Ligia hawaiensis Dana, 1853 3. Ligia perkinsi (Dollfus, 1900) STYLONISCIDAE 4. Clavigeroniscus riquieri Arcangeli, 1930 5. Styloniscus mauritiensis (Barnard, 1936) 6. Styloniscus spinosus (Patience, 1907) TRICHONISCIDAE 7. Haplophthalmus danicus Budde-Lund, 1885 FAMILY ? 8. Buchnerillo sp. SCYPHACIDAE 9. Alloniscus oahuensis Budde-Lund, 1885 10. Armadilloniscus ellipticus (Harger, 1878) 11. Armadilloniscus hawaiianus Taiti & Ferrara, 1989 OLIBRINIDAE 12. Olibrinus truncatus Taiti & Ferrara, 1991 PHILOSCIIDAE 13. Anchiphiloscia pilosa (Budde-Lund, 1913) 14. Australophiloscia societatis (Maccagno, 1932) 15. Burmoniscus mauritiensis (Taiti & Ferrara, 1983) 16. Burmoniscus meeusei (Holthuis, 1947) Status RECORDS OF THE HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR 1995 Table 1. List of terrestrial isopods recorded from the Hawaiian Islands. TAXON Ku Mi Pe Li Ly Fr Ne Na Nu Ka Oa Mo Ln adv Ma Ha Oa end Ka? ind Ma Oa Pe adv Li Ha Oa Ly end Ha ? Ha Ka Oa adv ? Ka Oa Ku Ly Ka Ln Oa Oa Mo adv adv adv Oa Kh Ma Ha Ma Ha Ha Pe adv Oa adv adv Mi Li Nu Ka Fr adv adv adv Ma Ha Oa adv adv Kh Ma Ha Ku Mi Pe Li Ly Fr Ne Na Oa Mo Ln Ka Oa Ka Mo Ka Oa Mo Ha Kh Ma Ha Ma Ha Ma Ha BISHOP MUSEUM OCCASIONAL PAPERS: No. 45, 1996 17. Burmoniscus okinawaensis (Nunomura, 1986) 18. Hawaiioscia parvituberculata Schultz, 1973 19. Littorophiloscia bifasciata Taiti & Ferrara, 1986 20. Littorophiloscia culebrae (Moore, 1901) 21. Littorophiloscia hawaiiensis Taiti & Ferrara, 1986 22. Papuaphiloscia laevis (Schultz, 1973) 23. Tropicana minuta Manicastri & Taiti, 1987 PLATYARTHRIDAE 24. Niambia sp. 25. Trichorhina heterophthalma Lemos de Castro, 1964 26. Trichorhina tomentosa (Budde-Lund, 1893) TRACHELIPODIDAE 27. Nagurus cristatus (Dollfus, 1889) 28. Nagurus nanus (Budde-Lund, 1908) 29. Nagurus sundaicus (Dollfus, 1898) PORCELLIONIDAE 30. Agabiformius lentus (Budde-Lund, 1885) 31. Porcellio dilatatus dilatatus Brandt, 1833 32. Porcellio laevis Latreille, 1804 33. Porcellio lamellatus lamellatus Budde-Lund, 1885 34. Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804 35. Porcellionides pruinosus (Brandt, 1833) Status 70 Table 1. List of terrestrial isopods recorded from the Hawaiian Islands (continued). TAXON ARMADILLIDIIDAE 36. Armadillidium vulgare (Latreille, 1804) EUBELIDAE 37. Elumoides monocellatus Taiti & Ferrara, 1983 ARMADILLIDAE 38. Cubaris murina Brandt, 1833 39. Hawaiodillo danae (Dollfus, 1900) 40. Hawaiodillo perkinsi (Dollfus, 1900) 41. Hawaiodillo sharpi (Dollfus, 1900) 42. Myrmecodillo pacificus Taiti & Ferrara, 1991 43. Reductoniscus costulatus Kesselyak, 1930 44. Spherillo albospinosus (Dollfus, 1900) 45. Spherillo carinulatus Budde-Lund, 1904 46. Spherillo hawaiensis Dana, 1853 47. Venezillo parvus (Budde-Lund, 1885) Status Ku Mi Pe Li Ly Fr Ne Na Nu Ka Oa Mo Ln adv Oa adv Pe Oa adv end end end Nu Ka Oa Ka Ka? Ka Ln Kh Ma Ha Ma ? Ha adv Ka Oa end Oa end end adv Kh Ma Ha Na Ku Ka Ka Oa Ka Oa Ha Mo Ln Ha Islands in boldface are new records recorded in this paper. Island Distribution: Fr=French Frigate Shoals, Ha=Hawaii, Ka=Kauai, Kh=Kahoolawe, Ku=Kure, Li=Lisianski, Ln=Lanai, Ly=Laysan, Ma=Maui, Mi=Midway, Mo=Molokai, Ne=Necker, Na=Nihoa, Nu=Niihau, Oa=Oahu, Pe=Pearl & Hermes. RECORDS OF THE HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR 1995 Table 1. List of terrestrial isopods recorded from the Hawaiian Islands (continued). Status: End=endemic, ind=indigenous, adv=adventive, ?=unknown. 71