NEW RECORDS OF PILUMNID AND XANTHID CRABS FROM ROCKY COASTS OF TAIWAN BY PAN-WEN HSUEH1,4 ), NGAN KEE NG2 ) and JUNG-FU HUANG3 ) 1 ) Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 402, R.O.C. 2 ) Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore 3 ) Department of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung Institute of Marine Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 811, R.O.C. ABSTRACT Seven species of rocky intertidal pilumnid and xanthid crabs are reported for the first time from Taiwan. These are: Pilumnidae: Glabropilumnus laevimanus (Dana, 1852), Heteropanope glabra Stimpson, 1858, and Pilumnus trispinosus Sakai, 1965; and Xanthidae: Bruciana pediger (Alcock, 1989), Liocarpilodes harmsi (Balss, 1934), Pilodius scabriculus Dana, 1852, and Zozymodes pumilus (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1846). Three of the taxa, viz., Heteropanope Stimpson, 1858, Bruciana Serène, 1977, and Liocarpilodes Klunziger, 1913, also constitute new generic records for Taiwan. RÉSUMÉ Sept espèces de crabes de rochers intertidaux des familles Piilumnidae et Xanthidae sont signalées pour la première fois de Taiwan. Ce sont: Pilumnidae: Glabropilumnus laevimanus (Dana, 1852), Heteropanope glabra Stimpson, 1858, et Pilumnus trispinosus Sakai, 1965; et Xanthidae: Bruciana pediger (Alcock, 1989), Liocarpilodes harmsi (Balss, 1934), Pilodius scabriculus Dana, 1852, et Zozymodes pumilus (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1846). Trois de ces taxons, à savoir, Heteropanope Stimpson, 1858, Bruciana Serène, 1977, et Liocarpilodes Klunziger, 1913, constituent aussi de nouveaux signalements de ces genres pour Taiwan. INTRODUCTION Ng et al. (2001) published an annotated checklist on the brachyuran crabs known from Taiwan, documenting almost 600 species. However, the diversity of the brachyuran crab fauna in this geographic region is probably still not fully 4 ) Corresponding author; e-mail: pwhsueh@dragon.nchu.edu.tw © Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2009 Also available online: www.brill.nl/cr Crustaceana 82 (8): 1023-1028 DOI:10.1163/156854009X404815 1024 P.-W. HSUEH, N. K. NG & J.-F. HUANG documented, with Ng et al. (2001: 55) commenting that “. . .there is still some way to go before its fauna can be considered to be well known!”. The years since then have shown this to be true, especially through studies resulting from subtidal bottom trawling by research vessels. Ng & Ho (2003a, b) reported two new records and two new species of pilumnids, as well as six new species and one new record of dorippids from Taiwan, respectively. Ho et al. (2004) subsequently reported 31 new records of brachyuran crabs from deep waters around Taiwan and the Tungsha Islands. Nevertheless, increased intertidal collecting of the cryptic macrofauna around the coasts of Taiwan has also led to several new records of intertidal brachyuran crabs (Yeh et al., 2006a, b; Chen & Hsueh, 2007). The present study reports seven more new records of brachyuran crabs of the families Pilumnidae and Xanthidae from Taiwan. All specimens examined in this study have been deposited at the National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China. TAXONOMY Family P ILUMNIDAE Glabropilumnus laevimanus (Dana, 1852) Glabropilumnus laevimanus — Galil & Takeda, 1988: 72, figs. 3C, 4 (for complete synonymy). Material examined. — Two males (5.0 by 3.9 mm, 5.0 by 3.9 mm) (NMNS5761-001), Shihmen (25◦ 17.84′ N 121◦ 34.23′ E), Taipei County, northwestern Taiwan, lower intertidal sediment rocks, coll. P.-W. Hsueh, 3 Nov. 2007; 1 male (4.4 by 2.8 mm) (NMNS5761-002), Wunlitung (21◦ 59.44′ N 121◦ 42.16′ E), Pingtung County, southern Taiwan, lower intertidal coral reefs, coll. P.-W. Hsueh, 13 Mar. 2008. Remarks. — Galil & Takeda (1988) revised the genus and provided full references on the synonymy of the species. The type locality of Glabropilumnus laevimanus is in Balabac Strait, north of Borneo (Dana, 1852). However, it has been found at many locations in the Indonesian Archipelago, Singapore, the Gulf of Siam, and the South China Sea. Takeda & Miyake (1969) also recorded it from Kyushu in Japan. It is, therefore, not surprising to find this species in Taiwan. Previously, Glabropilumnus laevis (Dana, 1852) was the only species in the genus known from Taiwan (Suzuki, 1985; Ng et al., 2001). However, Suzuki’s (1985) report of G. laevis was based on a description of the species by Takeda & Miyake (1969). Galil & Takeda (1988) questioned the identification of the species by Takeda & Miyake (1969) and commented that not only was their material clearly not G. laevis, it was also unlikely to be a Glabropilumnus. Ng et al. (2001) followed Suzuki’s (1985) record without comment. Comparing the original description by Dana (1852) (there was no figure published) and his comparisons with the allied G. laevimanus, we agree with Galil & Takeda’s (1988) prognosis. We, NEW PILUMNIDS AND XANTHIDS FOR TAIWAN 1025 however, disagree as well that the record of G. laevis from the Indian Ocean by De Man (1887) is also Dana’s species, as it differs in carapace shape and cheliped features. The actual identity of G. laevis is uncertain. Galil & Takeda (1988) had synonymized Pilumnus edamensis De Man, 1888, with G. laevimanus, but Ng & Davie (2002: 382) have commented that both are distinct species. Heteropanope glabra Stimpson, 1858 Heteropanope glabra — Davie, 1989: 129-134, figs. 1, 2 (for complete synonymy). Material examined. — Two males (4.7 by 3.8 mm, 5.0 by 4.0 mm) (NMNS5761-003), Shihmen (25◦ 17.84′ N 121◦ 34.23′ E), Taipei County, northwestern Taiwan, lower intertidal sediment rocks, coll. P.-W. Hsueh, 1 Nov. 2003. Remarks. — Heteropanope glabra is the type species of the genus (see Davie, 1989). Its type locality is Hong Kong but it has since been reported from many parts of the Indo-West Pacific (Davie, 1989). Nevertheless, this is the first record of the genus and species from Taiwan. Pilumnus trispinosus (Sakai, 1965) Parapilumnus trispinosus — Takeda & Miyake, 1969: 139-142, fig. 15; Sakai, 1976: 502 (for complete synonymy). Material examined. — One male (4.6 by 3.1 mm) (NMNS5761-004), Shihmen (25◦ 17.84′ N 121◦ 34.23′ E), Taipei County, northwestern Taiwan, lower intertidal sediment rocks, coll. P.-W. Hsueh, 1 Nov. 2003. Remarks. — Previous records of this species are known only from the Ryukyu Islands (Takeda & Miyake, 1969), an island chain northeasterly adjacent to Taiwan. The present finding denotes the southern range of the species. The species has been placed in the genus Parapilumnus by various authors (see Takeda & Miyake, 1969; Sakai, 1976) but Ng & Clark (in press) argue that it should be referred to Pilumnus sensu lato, for the time being. Family X ANTHIDAE Bruciana pediger (Alcock, 1989) Liomera (Bruciana) pediger — Serène, 1984: 56-57, fig. 16, pls. 4D, E, 9C (for complete synonymy). Material examined. — Two males (4.5 by 2.8 mm, 3.3 by 2.2 mm), 1 female (6.1 by 3.4 mm) (NMNS5761-005), Wunlitung (21◦ 59.44′ N 121◦ 42.16′ E), Pintung County, southern Taiwan, lower intertidal coral reefs, coll. P.-W. Hsueh, 13 Mar. 2008. Remarks. — This species was formerly known as Liomera (Bruciana) pediger (Alcock, 1989) (cf. Serène, 1984). Ng et al. (2008: 200) recognized the subgenus established by Serène (1977) as a separate genus. This is the first record of this 1026 P.-W. HSUEH, N. K. NG & J.-F. HUANG taxon from Taiwan. The present record of Bruciana pediger increases the number of species of the subfamily Liomerinae reported from Taiwan to eleven (Ng et al., 2001). Liocarpilodes harmsi (Balss, 1934) Liocarpilodes harmsi — Serène, 1984: 264, fig. 175, pl. 37B (for complete synonymy). Material examined. — One male (4.4 by 2.2 mm) (NMNS5761-006), Wunlitung (21◦ 59.44′ N 121◦ 42.16′ E), Pintung County, southern Taiwan, lower intertidal coral reefs, coll. P.-W. Hsueh, 13 Mar. 2008. Remarks. — This small crab is known from the Indo-Pacific region, from Christmas Island to Micronesia (Serène, 1984). The species was also reported from the Ryukyu Islands by Takeda & Miyake (1968). However, both the genus and species are reported for the first time from Taiwan herein. Pilodius scabriculus Dana, 1852 Pilodius scabriculus — Clark & Galil, 1993: 1152-1154, figs. 14, 29, 37B (for complete synonymy). Material examined. — One male (5.0 by 3.6 mm) (NMNS5761-007), Shihmen (25◦ 17.84′ N 121◦ 34.23′ E), Taipei County, northwestern Taiwan, lower intertidal sediment rocks, coll. P.-W. Hsueh, 1 Nov. 2003. Remarks. — This species has a wide distribution range in the Indo-Pacific, from Madagascar, Indian Ocean, to Raraka island, central Pacific, with its type locality in Balabac Strait, Philippines (Dana, 1852; Serène, 1984). It is therefore not surprising to find it now in Taiwan waters. Zozymodes pumilus (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1846) Zozymodes pumilus — Serène, 1984: 153, pl. 19D, fig. 89 (for complete synonymy). Material examined. — Two males (5.6 by 3.9 mm, 4.4 by 2.8 mm), 1 female (6.7 by 4.5 mm) (NMNS5761-008), Wunlitung (21◦ 59.44′ N 121◦ 42.16′ E), Pintung County, southern Taiwan, lower intertidal coral reefs, coll. P.-W. Hsueh, 13 Mar. 2008. Remarks. — The genus is easily identified by the presence of ridges on the ambulatory legs. This species is found across the Indo-Pacific (Serène, 1984) with Tweedie (1950) noting that the species is closely associated with intertidal coral reef habitats. Nevertheless, its presence in Taiwan had not hitherto been reported. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study is supported by a grant (NSC95-2621-B-005-011-MY3) to PWH from the National Science Council, Taiwan, R.O.C. We greatly appreciate Dr. P. K. L. Ng for his generosity in checking the specimens and for his comments on the manuscript. NEW PILUMNIDS AND XANTHIDS FOR TAIWAN 1027 REFERENCES C HEN , S.-Y. & P.-W. H SUEH, 2007. Polydectus cupulifer (Latreille, 1812) (Decapoda, Xanthidae): first record from Taiwan. Crustaceana, 80: 411-415. C LARK , P. F. & B. S. G ALIL, 1993. A revision of the xanthid genus Pilodius Dana, 1851 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Xanthidae). Journ. nat. Hist., London, 27: 1119-1206. DANA , J. D., 1852. Crustacea. In: United States Exploring Expedition during the years 1838-1842 under the command of Charles Wilkes, U. 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