Rhodes and Tupper suppl

Mark Tupper

Commercial coral reef fisheries in Pohnpei (Micronesia) extract approximately 1,521 kg of reef fish daily (*500 MT year-1) from 152 km 2 of surrounding reef. More than 153 species were represented during surveys , with 25 species very common or common within combined-gear catch. Acanthurids contributed the greatest to catch volume, with bluespine unicornfish, Naso uni-cornis, and orangespine unicornfish, Naso lituratus, among the most frequently observed herbivores. Nighttime spearfishing was the dominant fishing method and inner lagoon areas were primarily targeted. A seasonal sales ban (March–April), intended to reduce pressure on reproductively active serranids, significantly increased the capture volume of other families. Catch was significantly greater during periods of low lunar illumination, suggesting higher fishing success or greater effort, or both. The marketed catch was dominated by juveniles and small adults, based on fishes of known size at sexual maturity. Artificially depressed market prices appear to be catalyzing (potential or realized) overfishing by increasing the volume of fish needed to offset rising fuel prices. These results support the need for comprehensive fisheries management that produces sustainable fishing and marketing practices and promotes shared management and enforced responsibilities between communities and the state. To be effective, management should prohibit nighttime spearfishing.

The mission of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is to understand and predict changes in the Earth's environment and to conserve and manage coastal and oceanic marine resources and habitats to help meet our Nation's economic, social, and environmental needs. As a branch of NOAA, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) conducts or sponsors research and monitoring programs to improve the scientific basis for conservation and management decisions. NMFS strives to make information about the purpose, methods, and results of its scientific studies widely available. NMFS' Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) uses the NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS series to achieve timely dissemination of scientific and technical information that is of high quality but inappropriate for publication in the formal peer-reviewed literature. The contents are of broad scope, including technical workshop proceedings, large data compilations, status reports an...

abstraCt We present 465 local names for 500 distinct fish and invertebrate taxa of the Red Sea, as used in Egypt, Sudan, Eritrea, Yemen Saudi Arabia and Jordan. The local names used in each country are clearly indicated. The total of scientific-local name combination is 870. Most of the names are in Arabic, a common language in the region in general and the coastal communities in particular. The names were acquired mainly from published reports and papers. Interviews were made to clarify some names and also to add new names. The process of acquisition, verification and standardization of these names, presented in both Arabic and Roman script along with the corresponding scientific names, is described. A brief discussion of some cultural aspects of these names is presented.

Species Balistoides viridescens Caesio caerulaureus Caranx papuensis Lutjanus ehrenbergi Acanthurus olivaceus Scarus schlegeli Priacanthus hamrur Scarus frontalis Aphareus furca Lutjanus kasmira Uraspis helvola Lutjanus argentimaculatus Scaridae Siganus spinus Plectorhinchus albovittatus Variola louti Chlorurus frontalis Elagatis bipinnulatus Aphareus rutilans Parupeneus multifasciatus Pseudobalistes flavimarginatus Anyperodon leucogrammicus Scomberoides lysan No. S 32 33 29 31 30 14 24 15 3 15 23 20 15 13 17 2 4 15 15 14 2 %S 7.2 7.5 6.5 7.0 6.8 3.2 5.4 3.4 0.7 3.4 5.2 4.5 3.4 2.9 3.8 0.5 0.9 3.4 3.4 3.2 0.5 FI S 9.3 9.0 8.4 9.0 8.7 4.1 7.0 4.3 0.9 4.3 6.7 5.8 4.3 3.8 4.9 0.6 1.2 4.3 4.3 4.1 0.6 R U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U No. L 1 %L 0.6 FI L 1.0 R U 26 1 15.7 0.6 27.1 1.0 M U 15 9.0 15.6 M 11 25 22 7 6.6 15.1 13.3 4.2 11.5 26.1 22.9 7.3 M M M U 1 5 0.6 3.0 1.0 5.2 U U 16 13 9.6 7.8 16.7 13.5 M M 11 6.6 11.5 M No. N % N 1 3.7 FI N 7.1 R M 10 3 37.0 11.1 71.4 21.4 V M 2 7.4 14.3 M 1 3.7 7.1 U 2 7.4 14.3 M 2 7.4 14.3 M CP 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.3 5.0 4.8 4.4 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.2 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.2 1.9 FI A 9.7 9.5 9.5 9.4 8.9 8.6 7.9 7.4 7.2 6.8 6.6 6.7 6.6 5.7 5.1 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.0 3.4 OR U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U Plectropomus oligacanthus Epinephelus melanostigma Priacanthidae Carangoides orthogrammus Scarus quoyi Lethrinus erythracanthus Acanthurus blochii Neomxyus leuciscus Acanthurus nigricans Naso vlamingii Valamugil engeli Bulbometopon muricatum Pomacanthus xanthometopon Mugilidae Caranx ignobilis Caranx lugubris Myripristis berndti Acanthurus maculiceps Scarus frenatus Ephippidae Carangidae Upeneus arge Liza viagensis Aetholoperca rogaa 12 10 8 4 11 8 10 5 8 5 5 8 8 5 7 6 6 5 3 3 1 4 2.7 2.3 1.8 0.9 2.5 1.8 2.3 1.1 1.8 1.1 1.1 1.8 1.8 1.1 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.2 0.9 3.5 2.9 2.3 1.2 3.2 2.3 2.9 1.4 2.3 1.4 1.4 2.3 2.3 1.4 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.4 0.9 0.9 0.3 1.2 U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U 2 4 5 1.2 2.4 3.0 2.1 4.2 5.2 U U U 3 1.8 3.1 U 4 2.4 4.2 3 11.1 21.4 M 5 1 18.5 3.7 35.7 7.1 C U 4 14.8 28.5 M 2 7.4 14.3 M 1 3.7 7.1 M 4 14.8 28.5 M U 1 8 7 0.6 4.8 4.2 1.0 8.3 7.3 U U U 1 3 2 0.6 1.8 1.2 1.0 3.1 2.1 U U U 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.6 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.1 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.1 U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U Caesio cuning Calatomus carolinus Scarus forsteni Sargocentron sp. Gnathodon speciosus Lethrinus obsoletus Carangoides plagiotaenia Epinephelus sp. Plectropomus leopardus Epinephelus corallicola Gymnocranius microdon Lethrinidae Scarus flavipectoralis Calotomus spinidens Epinephelus merra Haemulidae Macolor niger Naso annulatus Plectropomus laevis Scarus festivus Scarus sordidus Scarus xanthopleura Crenimugil crenilabis Chlorurus sordidus 4 4 4 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.3 U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U 4 2.4 4.2 U 1 1 1 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 U U U 1 2 4 3.7 7.4 14.8 7.1 14.3 28.5 U M M 1 3.7 7.1 U 1 2 3.7 7.4 7.1 14.3 U M 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U Acanthuridae Caeseonidae Carangoides ferdau Chaetodon lineolatus Cheilinus fasciatus Cheilinus viagensis Choerodon sp. Ctenochaetus marginatus Ctenochaetus striatus Epibulus sp. Epinephelus chlorostigma Epinephelus macrospilos Epinephelus miliaris Epinephelus tauvina Gerres acinaces Hemigymnus sp. Labridae Lutjanidae Naso lopezi Neoniphon opercularis Parupeneus ciliatus Plectorhinchus gibbosus Plectorhinchus vittatus Pomacanthidae 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U Scarus globiceps Scarus psittacus Siganidae Aprion virescens Decapterus macarellus Epinephelus ongus Gerreidae Gnathodentex aurolineatus Lethrinus rubrioperculatus Naucrates ductor Rastrelliger kanagurta Seriola riviolana Variola albimarginata Chlorurus pyrrhurus Lethrinus genivittatus Lethrinus sp. 1 1 1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 U U U 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 U U U U U U U U U U 1 1 1 3.7 3.7 3.7 7.1 7.1 7.1 U U U 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Electronic Supplementary Material. Table 1: The frequency of occurrence and rank (R) of uncommon species taken by the coral reef fishery January-June 2006. Shown are the number (no.), percent (%) and frequency index (FI) for speared (S), line (L) and net (N) caught fishes in Pohnpei during the survey, along with a cumulative FI (FI A), cumulative percent (CP) and overall rank (OR). Formulas for calculating the FI are found in methods. View publication stats U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U

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Rhodes and Tupper suppl

Rhodes and Tupper suppl

Rhodes and Tupper suppl

Rhodes and Tupper suppl

Rhodes and Tupper suppl

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