The Lichenologist 39(1): 47–56 (2007) 2007 British Lichen Society
doi:10.1017/S0024282906006104 Printed in the United Kingdom
New species and new records of foliicolous lichens from Thailand
Khwanruan PAPONG, Kansri BOONPRAGOB and Robert LU
} CKING
Abstract: One new species and 71 new records are reported from Thailand. Coenogonium disciforme
sp. nov. is distinguished by its disc-shaped, shortly stipitate isidia, which leave perfectly circular holes,
almost like punched holes, when detached.
Key words: foliicolous lichens, new records, new species, Thailand
Introduction
Foliicolous lichens were first mentioned by
Elias Fries in 1823, but it was Santesson
(1952) who provided the first thorough
monograph of this group, which today still
provides a useful guide to the taxonomy of
foliicolous lichens. Most of the more recent
studies on foliicolous lichens have been
undertaken in the Neotropics (Lücking,
2007), while fewer data are available from
tropical Africa and SE Asia. The first preliminary survey from Thailand was published by Boonpragob et al. (1998) who
listed 34 foliicolous lichen species from a few
sites in Khao Yai National Park.
This study is based on numerous collections of foliicolous lichens made by the first
author from 1999 to 2001 in Khao Yai
National Park. Most specimens were collected from understorey leaves where high
humidity and low light intensity prevail. The
study expands on the known taxonomy,
diversity and distribution of foliicolous
lichens in Thailand. It also provides inforK. Papong: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science,
Khamreung Campus, Mahasarakham University,
Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham Province, 44150
Thailand. Email: khwanreun@hotmail.com
K. Boonpragob: Department of Biology, Faculty of
Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Humak, Bangkabi, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand.
R. Lücking: Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois
60605-2496, USA.
mation for the conservation and sustainable utilization of biodiversity resources in
Thailand.
Methods
Khao Yai National Park is situated between 14(11# and
14(25#N latitude and between 101(22# and 101(27#E
longitude, with an elevation ranging from 750 to
1351 m above sea level. The park covers 2·168 km2 in
four provinces (Saraburi, Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon
Nayok and Prachinburi), and is located near Bangkok.
Foliicolous lichens were collected by the first
author in 1999 and 2000 from five forest types: tropical
rainforest, lower montane forest, dry evergreen forest,
mixed deciduous forest, and secondary forest. All the
specimens are deposited at RAMK.
Morphological characters of thallus and reproductive
structures, colour, size, and shapes were determined
using a low magnification stereomicroscope (Olympus,
SZ) at magnifications of 14 to 80.
Hand-cut sections were prepared for studies of the
anatomy of thalli and reproductive structures, including
perithecia, apothecia, campylidia and pycnidia and
examined with a light microscope (Olympus, CH) at
magnifications of 40 to 1000. Iodine (I) was used
for the colour reactions of ascus walls (Lugol’s solution,
iodine 0·25%). Calcium oxalate crystals were also
observed under the light microscope. All anatomical
measurements were made under the light microscope.
Photographs were taken under the light microscope
(Nikon, Optiphot) with a Nikon (FDX-35) camera.
The New Species
Coenogonium disciforme Papong,
Boonbragob & Lücking sp. nov.
A Coenogonio isidiifero isidiis velut circino circumductis differt.
48
THE LICHENOLOGIST
Vol. 39
F. 1. Coenogonium disciforme, thallus producing numerous disc-shaped and short stalked isidia (arrows) which
leave round holes after being detached. Scale=2 mm.
Typus: Thailand, Nakhon Ratchasima Province,
Pakchong District, trail of ‘‘Heo Su Wat’’ waterfall to
‘‘Khao Laem’’ substation (Kho Yo 19), forest of ‘‘Nong
Prue’’, 14(26#N, 101(33#E, on unidentified leaf, alt.
750 m, 16 August 2000, K. Papong RU-19006B
(RAMK—holotypus).
(Fig. 1)
Thallus epiphyllous, crustose, smooth,
lacinate, greyish green, 15–20 m thick, producing numerous disc-shaped, shortly
stalked isidia 0·1–0·2 mm diam., which leave
very regular round holes in the thallus
after detachment; photobiont a species of
Trentepohlia.
Ascomata not observed.
Distribution. Thailand (type locality).
Notes. This new species is closely related
to the Neotropical Coenogonium isidiiferum
(Lücking) Lücking. Both species produce
disc-shaped isidia, a feature otherwise unknown in the genus, but in C. isidiiferum the
thallus dissolves completely into somewhat
irregular isidia which do not leave regular
round holes on the surface as in C. disciforme.
Coenogonium disciforme has an Eastern paleotropical distribution, and is also known from
Queensland in Australia (Lücking et al.,
2001, as Coenogonium aff. isidiiferum).
New records of foliicolous lichens from
Thailand
Arthonia cyanea Müll. Arg. var. cyanea
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen.—
Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon
2007
Foliicolous lichens from Thailand—Papong et al.
Ratchasima Province: Mo Sing To reservoir, RU19661C.
Arthonia lividula Vain.
Habitat: rainforest, dry evergreen.—Distribution:
eastern paleotropical.—Material examined: Nakhon
Ratchasima Province: Air Force camp, RU-13908D;
Pong Khueang Bin, RU-13968B; Phra Tam Nak,
RU-15369; Diao Dai, RU-20515F, RU-20522B.
Arthonia ramosii (Räsänen) R. Sant.
Habitat: dry evergreen, mixed deciduous.—
Distribution: eastern paleotropical.—Material examined:
Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Khang Khao, RU14118B; Khao Khiao, RU-19080L; Pha Kra Chai,
RU-17078D. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang, RU20490B.
Arthonia trilocularis Müll. Arg.
Habitat: rainforest, montane, mixed deciduous.—
Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon
Ratchasima Province: Khao Khiao, RU-19074C; Diao
Dai cliff, RU-15735. Nakhon Nayok Province: Nang
Rong waterfall, RU-19675B. Prachin Buri Province: Bu
Phram Nai, RU-17636B.
Aulaxina microphana (Vain.) R. Sant.
Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Khao
Khiao, RU-19080B.
Bacidia micrommata (Kremp.)
R. Sant.
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen.—
Distribution: paleotropical.—Material examined: Nakhon
Ratchasima Province: Khao Khiao, RU-18327, RU18325B; Dong Chang Phan, RU-16510A, RU16513B; Khao Laem, RU-18975B; Khao Sam Yot,
RU-19705B. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall,
RU-20535A.
Bacidina pallidocarnea (Müll. Arg.)
Vězda
Habitat: rainforest, dry evergreen.—Distribution:
pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima
Province: Khao Sam Yot, RU-19703A. Saraburi
Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20562D, RU20565D.
Bulbothrix ventricosa (Hale & Korok.)
Hale
Habitat: montane, dry evergreen.—Distribution:
cosmopolitan.—Selected material examined: Nakhon
49
Ratchasima Province: Phra Tam Nak, RU-15365A, RU15366A; TV lodge, RU-19056, RU-19057; Kong Kaeo
waterfall, RU-15695, RU-15696; Nong Phak Chi, RU15698, RU-15700; Khao Khiao, RU-15708; Mo Sing
To reservoir, RU-19656, RU-19682.
Byssolecania hymenocarpa (Vain.)
Lücking & Kalb
Habitat: montane, dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical. Selected material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima
Province: Khao Rom, RU-14036; Khao Khiao, RU15350A, RU-15306A; Khao Laem, RU-18975C, RU19023C.
Byssoloma annuum (Vain.) Thor,
Lücking & Matsumoto
Habitat: rainforest, dry evergreen.—Distribution:
eastern paleotropical.—Material examined: Nakhon
Ratchasima Province: Mo Sing To, RU-21091A; Heo Su
Wat, RU-19026; Mo Sing To reservoir, RU-19635,
RU-19636A.
Byssoloma fadenii Vězda
Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Mo
Sing To, RU-20477D. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang
waterfall, RU-20552A.
Byssoloma gahavisukanum Sérus.
Habitat: montane.—Distribution: eastern paleotropical.—
Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Diao
Dai cliff, RU-15691.
Byssoloma guttiferae (Bat. & Peres)
Lücking & Sérus.
Habitat: mixed deciduous.—Distribution: amphipacific.—
Material examined: Prachin Buri Province: Kaeng Salat
Dai waterfall, RU-16940B; Khao Sa Mo Pun, RU17447; Dong Chang Phan, RU-16494C; Heo Su Wat
waterfall, RU-19024B, RU-19030C; Khao Sam Yot,
RU-19705C; RU-19740A. Prachin Buri Province:
Kaeng Hin Phoeng, RU-17042; Bu Phram Nai, RU17534A. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall,
RU-20498, RU-20521A, RU-20526C.
Byssoloma subdiscordans (Nyl.)
P. James
Habitat: rainforest, montane, mixed deciduous.—
Distribution: cosmopolitan.—Selected material examined:
Nakhon Ratchasima Province: TV lodge, RU-15270,
RU-19054B; Kong Kaeo waterfall, RU-15763C; Khao
Khiao, RU-15710, RU-15712; Dong Chang Phan,
50
THE LICHENOLOGIST
RU-16510C; Pha Krachai waterfall, RU-17382; Heo
Su Wat waterfall, RU-18975D; Mo Sing To reservoir,
RU-19634. Prachin Buri Province: Bu Phram Nai, RU17608, RU-17626.
Calenia depressa Müll. Arg.
Habitat: mixed deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Material examined: Prachin Buri Province: Bu Phram
Nai, RU-17571B.
Vol. 39
Selected material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Air Force camp, RU-13908C; old golf course
area, RU-16409; Khao Rom, RU-14075B, RU14043C; Khao Khiao, RU-15317B, RU-15305A; Pha
Krachai waterfall, RU-17084, RU-17070A; Pha Kluai
Mai waterfall, RU-17700A; Khao Laem, RU-19027A;
Mo Sing To reservoir, RU-19622B; Khao Sam Yot,
RU-19723B. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall,
RU-20492E, RU-20494A.
Calenia leptocarpa Vain.
Coenogonium dilucidum (Kremp.)
Kalb & Lücking
Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: eastern paleotropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima
Province: Heo Su Wat waterfall, RU-19020K.
Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Material examined: Prachin Buri Province: Bu Phram
Nai, RU-17506, RU-17537.
Calenia thelotremella Vain.
Coenogonium flavicans (Vězda &
Farkas) Kalb & Lücking
Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: amphipacific.—
Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Khao
Sam Yot, RU-19723C.
Calopadia puiggarii (Müll. Arg.) Vězda
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen, mixed
deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Selected material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Pong
Khueang Bin, RU-13977A, RU-13980A; Diao Dai
cliff, RU-15729A, RU-15734; Khao Laem, RU18968A, RU-19038B; Mo Sing To reservoir,
RU-19620A. Prachin Buri Province: Bu Phram Nai,
RU-17551A.
Caprettia amazonensis Bat. & H. Maia
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen, mixed
deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Mo Sing To,
RU-21116, RU-21085; Khao Khiao, RU-15297I, RU19072C; Kong Kaeo waterfall, RU-21121; Pha Krachai
waterfall, RU-17099B; Khao Laem, RU-19009F; Mo
Sing To reservoir, RU-19656D, RU-19657B. Prachin
Buri Province: Kaeng Hin Phoeng, RU-17000B; Bu
Phram Nai, RU-17590.
Chroodiscus australiensis Vězda &
Lumbsch
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen.—
Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon
Ratchasima Province: Mo Sing To, RU-21093; Khao
Khiao, RU-15333D, RU-18304B; Pha Krachai waterfall, RU-17058B; Khao Laem, RU-19009F.
Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Mo
Sing To reservoir, RU-19624. Saraburi Province:
Khlong Tham Tao waterfall, RU-19209A.
Coenogonium interplexum Nyl.
Habitat: dry evergreen, mixed deciduous.—
Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon
Ratchasima Province: Khao Luk Chang, RU-14123;
Khao Laem, RU-19038.
Dirinaria cf. picta (Sw.) Clements &
Shear
Habitat: dry evergreen, mixed deciduous.—
Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon
Ratchasima Province: Mo Sing To reservoir, RU19660B. Prachin Buri Province: Bu Phram Nai, RU17665. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall,
RU-20517A.
Echinoplaca tetrapla (Zahlbr.) Lücking
Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: Australia
and China.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima
Province: Khao Laem, RU-19036C.
Enterographa angustissima (Vain.) R.
Sant.
Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: amphipacific.—
Material examined: Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang
waterfall, RU-20793B.
Chroodiscus parvisporus Kalb &
Lücking
Fellhanera bouteillei (Desm.) Vězda
Habitat: rainforest, montane,
secondary.—Distribution:
eastern
Habitat: rainforest, dry evergreen, mixed deciduous.—
Distribution: cosmopolitan.—Selected material examined:
dry evergreen,
paleotropical.—
2007
Foliicolous lichens from Thailand—Papong et al.
Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Pha Krachai waterfall,
RU-17375. Prachin Buri Province: Lam Pra Ya Than,
RU-17492C, RU-17494D; Bu Phram Nai, RU17564B, RU-17564C. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang
waterfall, RU-20481.
Fellhanera mastothallina (Vain.)
Lücking & Sérus.
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen,
secondary.—Distribution:
eastern
paleotropical.—
Selected material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province,
Nong Khing, RU-13951B; Mo Sing To, RU-20477B;
Khao Khiao, RU-15321F, RU-19067A; Khao Laem,
RU-19024A, RU-19024C; Mo Sing To reservoir, RU19628, RU-19621B; Training centre of Khao Yai,
RU-21117.
Fellhanera rhapidophylli (Rehm)
Vězda
Habitat: mixed deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Prachin Buri Province: Bu
Phram Nai, RU-17566A.
Graphis cf. ceylanica Zahlbr.
Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: Asia tropical.—
Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: TV
lodge, RU-19054C.
Gyalectidium novoguineense Sérus.
Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: eastern
paleotropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima
Province: Mo Sing To reservoir, RU-19660G. Saraburi
Province: Klang Dong, RU-20486E.
Lasioloma phycophilum (Vain.)
R. Sant.
Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Khao
Laem, RU-19020A.
Leptogium cyanescens (Rabenh.)
Körb.
51
Mazosia paupercula (Müll. Arg.)
R. Sant.
Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Material examined: Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang
waterfall, RU-20551.
Mazosia phyllosema (Nyl.) Zahlbr.
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen, mixed
deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Selected material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Mo Sing
To, RU-14085A, RU-20477A; Khao Khiao, RU15309C, RU-19080I; Khao Laem, RU-19020L, RU19027C; Khao Sam Yot, RU-19707B, RU-19739A.
Prachin Buri Province: Bu Phram Nai, RU-17509.
Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20491,
RU-20494C.
Mazosia pseudobambusae Kalb &
Vězda
Habitat: montane, dry evergreen.—Distribution:
amphipacific.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima
Province: Khao Khiao, RU-19080J; Khao Laem, RU19026E.
Mazosia rotula (Mont.) A. Massal.
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen.—
Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon
Ratchasima Province, Mo Sing To, RU-14080; Khao
Khiao, RU-15309D; Khao Laem, RU-19031B, RU19032B; Khao Sam Yot, RU-19707A, RU-19710A.
Opegrapha vegae R. Sant.
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen.—
Distribution: amphipacific.—Selected material examined:
Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Khao Khiao, RU15232A; Kong Kaeo waterfall, RU-15694; Pha Kra
Chai waterfall, RU-17084A, RU-17061; Khao Sam
Yot, RU-19725D. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang
waterfall, RU-20508, RU-20506A.
Opegrapha velata (Müll. Arg.)
R. Sant.
Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: cosmopolitan.—
Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Pha
Kluai Mai waterfall, RU-21123.
Habitat: montane, dry evergreen.—Distribution:
amphipacific.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima
Province: Diao Dai cliff, RU-15694; Khao Sam Yot,
RU-19726A.
Mazosia dispersa (J. Hedrick) R. Sant.
Porina atriceps (Vain.) Vain.
Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Khao
Laem, RU-19012F.
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen, mixed
deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Selected material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Mo Sing
52
THE LICHENOLOGIST
To, RU-14085C; Khao Khiao, RU-15329A, RU15330E; Khao Sam Yot, RU-19711B, RU-19714B.
Prachin Buri Province: Kaeng Salat Dai waterfall, RU16958, RU-16940A; Khao Sa Mo Pun, RU-17396A;
Kaeng Hin Phoeng, RU-16988, RU-17000A; Bu
Phram Nai, RU-17523, RU-17524. Nakhon Nayok
Province: Nang Rong waterfall, RU-16972. Saraburi
Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20515A, RU20515E.
Porina atrocoerulea Müll. Arg.
Habitat: montane, dry evergreen.—Distribution:
pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima
Province: Khao Khiao, RU-15337A. Prachin Buri
Province: Bu Phram Nai, RU-18396C.
Porina cupreola (Müll. Arg.) Schill.
Habitat:
rainforest.—Distribution:
eastern
paleotropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima
Province: Khao Sam Yot, RU-19703B.
Porina fulvella Müll. Arg.
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen and
mixed deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Selected
material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Khao
Khiao, RU-19060B, RU-18334A, RU-18346A.
Saraburi Province: Chet Khlot waterfall, RU-19245B;
Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20509F, RU-20545B.
Porina hoehneliana (Jaap) R. Sant.
Habitat:
montane,
dry
evergreen,
mixed
deciduous.—Distribution: Europe and Nepal.—Selected
material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Khao
Khiao, RU-15337D, RU-19080A; Khao Laem, RU19026C. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall,
RU-20521D.
Porina kamerunesis F. Schill.
Habitat: rainforest.—Distribution: paleotropical.—
Selected material examined: Nakhon Nayok Province:
Nang Rong waterfall, RU-16975B. Saraburi Province:
Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20489B, RU-20501C.
Porina karnatakensis Makhija,
Adawdkar & Patwardhan.
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen, mixed
deciduous, secondary.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Selected material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province:
Nong Khing, RU-13948A, RU-13949A; Pong
Khueang Bin, RU-13975; Khao Khiao, RU-15337B,
RU-15315A; Youth camp, RU-16475B; Pha Kluai Mai
waterfall, RU-17700A; Khao Laem, RU-19012A, RU-
Vol. 39
19021A. Nakhon Nayok Province: Nang Rong waterfall,
RU-16973. Prachin Buri Province: Kaeng Hin Phoeng,
RU-16990 , RU-17008; Lam Pra Ya Than, RU17471B; Bu Phram Nai, RU-17530; Khao Sa Mo Pun,
RU-17384B, RU-17396B. Saraburi Province: Chet
Khlot, RU-19266, RU-19255C; Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20533C, RU-20544B.
Porina minutissima Henssen, Lücking
& Vězda
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen, mixed
deciduous.—Distribution:
eastern
Paleotropical.—
Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Pha
Kra Chai waterfall, RU-17070D; Pha Kluai Mai waterfall, RU-17700E; Khao Sam Yot, RU-19704B, RU19717B. Nakhon Nayok Province: Nang Rong waterfall,
RU-16968B. Prachin Buri Province: Kaeng Salat Dai
waterfall, RU-16943; Bu Phram Nai, RU-17562, RU17547C. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall,
RU-20490B, RU-20512A.
Porina nitidula Müll. Arg.
Habitat:
montane,
dry
evergreen,
mixed
deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Selected material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Diao Dai
cliff, RU-15692, RU-15724C; Khao Khiao, RU16447B, RU-16448B; Khao Laem, RU-18971B; Mo
Sing To reservoir, RU-19689C, RU-19673C. Nakhon
Nayok Province: Nang Rong waterfall, RU-16971C;
Huay Prue reservoir, RU-19282. Prachin Buri Province:
Bu Phram Nai, RU-17594, RU-17547B. Saraburi
Province: Lam Ta Khong creek, RU-16443B; Heo Pla
Kang waterfall, RU-20482B, RU-20544C; Chet Khlot
waterfall, RU-19207B, RU-19207C.
Porina palmicola Malcolm & Vězda
Habitat: rainforest, montane and dry evergreen.—
Distribution: New Zealand.—Material examined: Nakhon
Ratchasima Province: Pong Khueang Bin, RU-13968A;
Nong Phak Chi, RU-15703C; Khao Sam Yot, RU19704A, RU-19727A.
Porina perminuta Vain.
Habitat: rainforest, montane and dry evergreen.—
Distribution: paleotropical.—Material examined: Nakhon
Ratchasima Province: Pha Kra Chai waterfall, RU17099A; Khao Khiao, RU-18367B, RU-18404B; Heo
Su Wat waterfall, RU-19012E, RU-19035D; Mo Sing
To reservoir, RU-16969B; Khao Sam Yot, RU19210A, RU-19245C.
Porina rubentior (Stirt.) Müll. Arg.
Habitat: rainforest and dry evergreen.—Distribution:
pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima
2007
Foliicolous lichens from Thailand—Papong et al.
53
Province: Mo Sing To, RU-19618A. Prachin Buri
Province: Bu Phram Nai, RU-17529.
Sporopodium phyllocharis (Mont.)
A. Massal.
Porina sphaerocephala Vain.
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen and
mixed deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Selected
material examined: Prachin Buri Province: Tha Ra
Wa San waterfall, RU-13959, RU-13960. Nakhon
Ratchasima Province: Khao Khiao, RU-18307, RU18312; Pha Kra Chai waterfall, RU-17072; Heo Su
Wat waterfall, RU-19019. Saraburi Province: Heo Pla
Kang waterfall, RU-20486D.
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen, mixed
deciduous and secondary.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Selected material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province:
Mo Sing To, RU-19691C; Khao Khiao, RU-15301E,
RU-15351D; Khao Sam Yot, RU-19712A. Saraburi
Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20496B, RU20535C; Chet Khlot waterfall, RU-19255D.
Porina subnucula Lumbsch, Lücking &
Vězda
Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: eastern
Paleotropics.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima
Province: Heo Su Wat waterfall, RU-19020E, RU19040D; Khao Sam Yot, RU-19713D.
Porina subrubrosphaera Kurok.
Strigula concreta (Fée) R. Sant.
Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Material examined: Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang
waterfall, RU-20793A.
Strigula nitidula Mont.
Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Heo
Su Wat waterfall, RU-19038E. Saraburi Province: Heo
Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20788C, RU-20789B.
Habitat: rainforest and montane.—Distribution:
tropical Asia (Japan).—Material examined: Nakhon
Ratchasima Province: Khao Khiao, RU-18334B.
Strigula obducta (Müll. Arg.)
R. C. Harris
Porina tetramera (Malme) R. Sant.
Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Heo
Su Wat waterfall, RU-19020J, RU-19040G.
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen and
mixed deciduous.—Distribution: pantropical.—Material
examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Heo Su Wat
waterfall, RU-19038F; Khao Khiao, RU-19085C.
Strigula phyllogena (Müll. Arg.)
R. C. Harris
Porina trichothelioides R. Sant.
Habitat: rainforest and dry evergreen.—Distribution:
pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima
Province: Heo Su Wat waterfall, RU-19009E; Mo Sing
To reservoir, RU-19625C.
Habitat: dry evergreen and mixed deciduous.—
Distribution: paleotropical.—Material examined: Nakhon
Nayok Province: Nang Rong waterfall, RU-16968A.
Saraburi Province: Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU20527C.
Sporopodium argillaceum (Müll. Arg.)
Zahlbr.
Habitat: rainforest, montane, dry evergreen and
secondary.—Distribution:
eastern
paleotropics.—
Selected material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province:
old golf course area, RU-14026A; Mo Sing To, RU19718, RU-19719A; Khao Khiao, RU-19073, RU18381A; Nong Phak Chi, RU-15703A, RU-18317;
Dong Chang Phan, RU-16492A, RU-16496A; Heo Su
Wat waterfall, RU-19007B, RU-19018A; Mo Sing To
reservoir, RU-19622, RU-19642; Khao Sam Yot, RU19711A. Saraburi Province: Chet Khlot waterfall, RU19255A; Heo Pla Kang waterfall, RU-20516A, RU20532A.
Strigula subtilissima (Fée) Müll. Arg.
Habitat: montane and mixed deciduous.—
Distribution: pantropical.—Material examined: Nakhon
Ratchasima Province: Khao Khiao, RU-14070. Prachin
Buri Province: Lam Pra Ya Than, RU-17494A.
Tapellaria nigrata (Müll. Arg.)
R. Sant.
Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Dong
Tio lodge, RU-19616E.
Tricharia demoulinii Sérus.
Habitat: mixed deciduous.—Distribution: eastern
Paleotropics.—Material
examined:
Prachin
Buri
Province: Bu Phram Nai, RU-17534B.
54
THE LICHENOLOGIST
Vol. 39
T 1. Number of species of foliicolous lichens in each
forest type at Khao Yai National Park
Trichothelium bipindense F. Schill.
Forest type
Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Material examined: Prachin Buri Province, Wan Lueang,
RU-19109B.
Number of species
Rainforest
Montane
Dry evergreen
Mixed deciduous
Secondary
39
32
51
24
5
Trichothelium javanicum (F. Schill.)
Vězda
Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: eastern
Paleotropics.—Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima
Province: Heo Su Wat waterfall, RU-19020H.
Ecogeography
Trichothelium ake-assii Becker &
Lücking
Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Heo
Su Wat waterfall, RU-19038G.
Trichothelium alboatrum Vain.
Habitat: dry evergreen.—Distribution: pantropical.—
Material examined: Nakhon Ratchasima Province: Heo
Su Wat waterfall, RU-18968D, RU-19037.
This study on the taxonomy and distribution
of foliicolous lichens at Khao Yai National
Park, Thailand, describes one new species
and lists 71 new records for Thailand. Most
species have a pantropical distribution
(57%) with a further 26% with a paleotropical distribution. The smallest distribution
groups are amphipacific (6%) and cosmopolitan (6%), tropical Asia (4%) and Europe
(1%). The European element is Porina
T 2. Number of foliicolous lichen species in floras of tropical Asia
Country
China
India
Number of
foliicolous species
63
90
Indonesia
120
Japan
Malaysia
83
120
Nepal
Papua New Guinea
8
191
Philippines
224
Sri Lanka
Thailand
Vietnam
53
106
70
References
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Sérusiaux 1996; Lücking & Vězda 1998
Santesson 1952; Vězda 1994; Lücking & Vězda 1998; Kalb et al.
2000; Lücking et al. 2001
Santesson 1952; Thor et al. 2000
Santesson 1952; Sammy 1980; Sipman 1993; Lücking 1994;
Lücking & Vězda 1998; Sérusiaux 1997
Santesson 1952; Vězda & Poelt 1987
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2007
Foliicolous lichens from Thailand—Papong et al.
hoehneliana, a species previously known only
from Europe and Nepal (Vězda & Poelt
1988), but the Asian material is a good
match to the type material.
The numbers of foliicolous lichens
recorded from each of the different forest
types at Khao Yai National Park are listed in
Table 1. Most species (51) occurred in the
dry evergreen forest and the lowest number
(5) in the secondary forest. Only two species,
Porina karnatakensis and P. sphaerocephala,
were found in all forest types. The differences in diversity of foliicolous lichens in the
different forest types could be used as a
bioindicator of forest type.
The present study increases the number of
species of foliicolous lichens known from
Thailand to 106. The comparable totals
from elsewhere in tropical Asia are listed in
Table 2.
We thank a number of colleagues in the Lichen
Research Unit for their assistance with fieldwork and
in the laboratory. The first author is grateful to the
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, for laboratory facilities and to Khao
Yai National Park for allowing fieldwork and the
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Accepted for publication 17 July 2006
Kansri Boonpragob