Code
SPOCA
Growth form
Tree
Biological cycle
Perennial
Habitat
Terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Bignonia tulipifera Schum. |
| synonym | Bignonia tulipifera Thonn. |
| synonym | Spathodea campanulata subsp. congolana Bidgood |
| synonym | Spathodea campanulata subsp. nilotica (Seem.) Bidgood |
| synonym | Spathodea danckelmaniana Büttner |
| synonym | Spathodea nilotica f. bryanii O.Deg. & I.Deg. |
| synonym | Spathodea nilotica Seem. |
| synonym | Spathodea tulipifera (Schum.) G.Don |
🗒 Common Names
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📚 Overview
Description
Global description
Spathodea campanulata is a tree, woody, upright, measuring up to 25 m in height. The trunk is slender and sinuous. The bark is clear and smooth. The leaves are opposite, imparipinnate, up to 50 cm long, with 4 to 9 pairs of elliptical leaflets acuminate at the top and cunate at the base. The rachis and the petiole are tomentose. The inflorescences are terminal, with 30 to 50 large flowers with falciform spathe calyx and campanulate corolla 12 cm long, bright orange. The base in tube ending in 5 lobes with crisp margin. The fruit is a long fusiform capsule of brown color from 15 to 20 cm length and 3,5 to 6 cm in diameter, upright, woody, dehiscent by a longitudinal slit. It releases very many clear seeds with translucent membranous wings.
Wiktrop
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| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
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Mayotte : Spathodea campanulata flowers and fruits all year round.
West Indies: Spathodea campanulata flowers and fruits all year round, especially from September to February.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Cyclicity
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Spathodea campanulata is a woody perennial species. It multiplies by winged seeds produced in very large numbers and spread by the wind. The first flowers appear when the plant is 3-4 years old and growing in good conditions.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Ecology
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Spathodea campanulata is a tropical tree adapted to humid conditions and grows well in areas where rainfall is evenly distributed, although it tolerates a dry season of up to six months. It grows in a wide variety of soils, from poorly to excessively drained, but prefers fertile, deep, well-drained soils.
Central Africa: Spathodea campanulata is a native species of savannah and forest, especially riparian, up to an altitude of 1700 m.
Mayotte: Spathodea campanulata is an exotic species that is planted in gardens for its red flowers and has been used as a reforestation species. It is now invasive especially in hygrophilic and mesophilic environments. It is frequent in ylang and fruit plantations and to a lesser extent in food crops.
West Indies: Spathodea campanulata is an exotic species grown for ornamental purposes but often escaped and becoming invasive. It is found at altitudes of 0 to 900 m.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
Description
Origin
Spathodea campanulata is native to Central and West Africa
Worldwide distribution
This species with invasive behavior is now present in all tropical regions, notably in the islands of the Indian Ocean, the Pacific and the Caribbean.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
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Local harmfulness
Mayotte: Spathodea campanulata is a very frequent weed in crops, present in 19% of cultivated plots. It is particularly present in ylang plantations and fruit crops. It can also be found also in food crops. It has become invasive in natural forest environments.
South Africa: Spathodea campanulata invades agricultural areas, forest plantations and natural ecosystems, choking out other trees and crops as it grows and becoming the dominant tree in these areas.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
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Medicinal: The leaves of Spathodea campanulata have anticonvulsant properties. The flowers have antibacterial properties.
Ornamental: Spathodea campanulata is a decorative plant with its beautiful orange flowers, it is widely used in gardens.
Agronomic: In agroforestry, this species can be used as a reforestation species.
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
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Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
References
- POWO https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:110661-1
- Huat, J., Nagy, M., Carpente, A., Schwartz, M., Le Bourgeois, T. & Marnotte, P. 2021. Guide de la flore spontanée des agrosystèmes de Mayotte. Montpellier, Cirad. 150 p.
- Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 687 p.
- Invasives South Africa https://invasives.org.za/fact-sheet/african-tulip-tree/
- The World Flora Online http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000779723
- CABI https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/10.1079/cabicompendium.51139
- Fournet, J. (2002). Flore illustrée des phanérogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Montpellier, France, Cirad, Gondwana éditions.
- EPPO https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/SPOCA
Information Listing > References
- POWO https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:110661-1
- Huat, J., Nagy, M., Carpente, A., Schwartz, M., Le Bourgeois, T. & Marnotte, P. 2021. Guide de la flore spontanée des agrosystèmes de Mayotte. Montpellier, Cirad. 150 p.
- Barthelat, F. 2019. La Flore illustrée de Mayotte. Meze, Paris, France, Collection Inventaires et Biodiversité, Biotope – Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. 687 p.
- Invasives South Africa https://invasives.org.za/fact-sheet/african-tulip-tree/
- The World Flora Online http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000779723
- CABI https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/10.1079/cabicompendium.51139
- Fournet, J. (2002). Flore illustrée des phanérogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. Montpellier, France, Cirad, Gondwana éditions.
- EPPO https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/SPOCA
Images
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Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT : https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Spathodea%2520campanulata
Wiktrop
| Attributions | Wiktrop |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Lamiales |
| Family | Bignoniaceae |
| Genus | Spathodea |
| Species | Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
