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Abundance, Population Dynamics and Impact of the Leucaena Psyllid Heteropsylla cubana Crawford in a Maize-Leucaena Agroforestry System in Kenya

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Abstract

We monitored abundance, population dynamics and damage impacts of the leucaena psyllid Heteropsylla cubana Crawford (Homoptera: Psyllidae) in a maize-leucaena agroforestry system. The abundance of local ladybird beetle predator populations were also evaluated. The studies were conducted between June 1993 and November 1995 at Mtwapa and Amoyo in coastal and western Kenya respectively. Alley-cropping leucaena with maize had no effect on the abundance of the leucaena psyllid or its coccinellid predators. Therefore, neither the ’resource concentration’ hypothesis nor the ’enemies’ hypothesis corroborated for the psyllid-leucaena system within the spatial scale of this study. Psyllid populations were generally much higher at Mtwapa than at Amoyo, suggesting possible environmental effects on population growth. Psyllid populations were influenced by weather (mainly rainfall) and availability of suitable shoots. New growth of young shoots following rainfall encouraged psyllid abundance as long as weather conditions were not extreme. Though population of the generalist ladybird beetles was correlated with that of its psyllid prey, beetles did not appear to have significant effect on prey populations.

Résumé

Nous avons observé 1’abondance, la dynamique des populations et les impacts des dommages du psylidé du leucaena Heteropsylla cubana Crawford (Homoptera: Psyllidae) dans un système d’agroforesterie maïs-leucaena. L’abondance des populations d’un coléoptère coccinellidé prédateur local a été aussi évaluée. Les études ont été menées entre juin 1993 et novembre 1995 à Mtwapa et Amoyo, respectiyement dans les régions cotière et occidentale du Kenya. La culture en allée du leucaena avec le maï’s n’a pas eu d’effet sur l’abondance du psylidé du leucaena ou ses prédateurs coccinellidés. Par consequent, ni l’hypothèse de ‘concentration de ressources’ ni celle d’’ennemis’ n’a corroboré le système psylidé-leucaena à l’échelle spatiale de cette étude. Les populations des psylidés étaient généralement plus élevées à Mtwapa qu’à Amoyo, suggérant la possibilité des effets environnementaux sur la croissance des populations. Les populations des psylidés étaient influencées par le climat (principalement la pluviosité) et la disponibilité des pousses appropriées. La nouvelle croissance de jeunes pousses favorisait l’abondance des psylidés aussi longtemps que les conditions climatiques n’étaient pas extrèmes. Bien qu’il y avait une corrélation entre la population des coccinelidés généralistes et celie du psylidé proie, les colléoptères ne semblèrent pas avoir un effet significatif sur les populations des proies.

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  1. Callistus K. P. O. Ogol

    Present address: Department of Zoology, Kenyatta University, 43844, Nairobi, Kenya

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2E9

    Callistus K. P. O. Ogol & John R. Spence

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Ogol, C.K.P.O., Spence, J.R. Abundance, Population Dynamics and Impact of the Leucaena Psyllid Heteropsylla cubana Crawford in a Maize-Leucaena Agroforestry System in Kenya. Int J Trop Insect Sci 17, 183–192 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758400016350

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