Figure 1.
Panamic terebrid collection site and specimens.
A. The Las Perlas Archipelago, located off the west coast of Panama (see Inset), is the collection site for the terebrids analyzed. The numbers shown on the map refer to the stations for the Panamic specimens listed in Table 1. B. Las Perlas specimens of Acus and Terebra analyzed in this study. Top left, Acus strigatus. Bottom left, Terebra ornata. Top right-most specimen, Terebra cf. formosa. All other specimens are Terebra argyosia.
Table 1.
List of terebrid samples used in this study. VA = venom apparatus.
Figure 2.
Combined Phylogenetic analysis of Panamic and western Pacific Terebridae.
Shown is a consensus tree (BA) using COI, 16S, and 12S data sets. Posterior probabilities and bootstrap values are specified for each node. Shaded clades were collected in Panama. The bar on the right shows which taxa have venom glands (black bars) and which do not (white bars). Clade A refers to the sister group that includes Pellifronia jungi, Clades D and E refer to the Hastula and Myurella clades respectively; these clades were identified previously. Representative shells are shown as follows: 1. Acus felinus. 2. Acus strigatus. 3. Terebra argosyia. 4. Terebra subulata. 5. Cinguloterebra anilis.
Figure 3.
Diversity of Eastern Pacific Terebra.
The figure shows the diversity of the venomous eastern Pacific forms tentatively assigned to Clade C, Terebra. The samples from Mexico, labeled (b–d), appear different to the samples from Panama, which are labeled (e–f). These are compared to the left-most specimen (a), Terebra subulata from the western Pacific and the right-most specimen (f), Terebra taurina from the western Atlantic.