Title: Freshwater
Species #1
Common Name: Black Bass Scientific Name: Micropterus dolomieu Class: Actinopterygii Family: Centrarchidae Species: M. cataroctae, M. dolomieu, M. coosae
Order: Perciformes Genus: Micropterus
Geography / Habitat: Rocky Mountins in North America, the Hudson Bay basin in Canada then to northeastern Mexico.They live among dark water tend to be rather torpedo shaped and very dark brown in order to be more efficient for feeding. They tend to hide next to docks, logs, submerged brush/rocks, underwater ridges, or near an abrupt drop-off. Life Strategy: When water temperatures reach 63 degrees the black bass in New Mexico start to spawn. The male first selects a sunny spot in the gravel shallows and then picks a female, finally he „persuades‟ her to lay eggs in his nest. After the female lays the eggs, the male will fertilizer them and watch them until they hatch. Food / Feed Strategy: feed on small fish, crayfish, worms, lizards, insects, mice, small birds, and frogs.
Common Name: Black Bass Scientific Name: Micropterus dolomieu Body Form or Style: Compressiform and Rover predators Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: The upper jaw of smallmouth bass extends to the middle of the eye
Title: Freshwater
Species #2
Common Name: Flathead Catfish Scientific Name: Pylodictis olivaris Class:Actinopterygii Family: Ictaluridae
Order:Siluriformes Genus:Pylodictis
Species:P. olivaris Geography / Habitat: Lower Great Lakes to northern Mexico. Large rivers of the Mississippi, Missouri and Ohio Basins. Deep pools, lakes and large slow-moving rivers.
Life Strategy: They reach sexual maturity between the third and sixth year. Spawning season is from late May through August, when the water temperature is between 75° and 80° F.
Food / Feed Strategy: Flatheads prey only on live fish
Common Name: flathead Catfish Scientific Name: Pylodictis Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Lower jaw protrudes beyond the lower jaw.
Titile Freshwater
Species #:3
Common Name: Hybrid Striped Bass Scientific Name: Morone chrysops x saxatilis Class: Actinopterygii Order: Perciformes Family: Monidae
Genus: Morone
Species: M. Saxitilis Geography / Habitat: ponds, Maryland, Rhode Island, South Carolina and Ketucky. Migrate between fresh and saltwater. Habitats include shores, bays, and estuaries. Life Strategy: can live in both freshwater and saltwater environments. In coastal populations, individuals may ascend streams and travel as much as 100 miles inland to spawn. These generally ascend tributaries of the lakes or reservoirs where they spend their lives. Spawning begins in the spring when water temperatures approach 60°F Food / Feed Strategy: They are large fish-eating predators that specialize in hunting open water fish like shad.
Common Name: Hybrid Striped Bass Scientific Name: Morone chrysops x saxatilis Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Protruding lower jaw
Title: Freshwater
Species #:5
Common Name: Alligator Gar Scientific Name: Atractosteus Class:actinopterygii Family: lepisosteidae
Order:lepisisteiformes Genus:artactost
Species:A. spatula Geography / Habitat:sluggish pools and backwaters of large rivers, baijous and lakes
Life Strategy: They appear to spawn in the spring beginning sometime in May. Eggs are deposited in shallow water. Food / Feed Strategy: Adults feed primarily on fish, but will also take waterfowl. This species is able to tolerate greater salinities that other gar species and feeds heavily on marinecatfish when they are available.
Common Name: Aligatator Gar Scientific Name: Atractosteus Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:two rows of large teeth on either side of the upper jaw in large young and adults
Title: Freshwater
Species #:6
Common Name: American Eel Scientific Name:
Anguilla Rostrata
Class:actinopterygii
Order:angvilliformes
Family: anguillidae
Genus:Anguilla
Species:A. rostrata Geography / Habitat: Hides in mud, sand, or gravel very close to the shore. Known from Greenland to Brazil, it probably spans a wider range of latitudes than any other species in North America. American eels occur as far west as New Mexico, and are common throughout the Caribbean and the West Indies. Life Strategy:Adult eels spend most of their lives in freshwater, although the amount of time may vary among individuals. At some point, however, adults leave their freshwater habitats and move toward the Sargasso Sea Food / Feed Strategy:The diet of the nocturnal feeding American eelsincludes insect larvae, small fish, crabs, worms, clams, andfrogs. They also feed on dead animals or on the eggs of fishand are able to tear smaller pieces of food that are too largeto be swallowed whole.
Common Name: American Eel Scientific Name:Anguilla Rostrata Body Form or Style: Angulliform Swim / Locomotion Style: Angulliform Mouth Position:The largemouth extends as far back as the midpoint of the eye or past it
Title: Freshwater
Species #:7
Common Name: American Shad Scientific Name: Alosa sapidissima Class:actincptierygii Family: clupeidae
Order:clupeiformes Genus:alosa
Species:A. sapidissina Geography / Habitat: Lives in the sea, but swims up fresh rivers to spawn. Life Strategy:Most fish spawn for the first time when they weigh 3-5 pounds. The fish swim upriver and as far inland as 300 miles. These migrations usually take place in April in southern rivers and through July in northern regions. Even Beginning as early as mid November in Florida. Food / Feed Strategy:Primarily feed on plankton, swimming with their mouths open and gill covers extended while straining the water. They also eatsmall crustaceans, insects, fish eggs, algae, and small fish.
Common Name: American Shad Scientific Name: Alosa sapidissima Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:Upper jaw with a smaller or larger median notch; lower jaw not protruding beyond upper jaw, teeth missing in examples greater than 8 inches
Title: Freshwater
Species #:8
Common Name: Atlantic Sturgeon Scientific Name: Acipenser Oxyrinchus Class:actinopterygii Family: scipenseridae
Order:acipenseriformes Genus:acipenser
Species:A. oxyrinchus Geography / Habitat: Its range extends from New Brunswick, Canada to the eastern coast of Florida.They stay in blackish water where they are born before moving to the ocean. Life Strategy:Atlantic sturgeon may take anywhere from seven to twenty-three years to become sexually mature, depending on the sex and temperature of the water. When mature, they travel upstream to spawn. The females may lay 800,000 to 3.75 million eggs in a single year, doing so every two to six years. After laying their eggs females will travel back downstream, but males may remain upstream after spawning until forced to return downstream by the increasingly cold water Food / Feed Strategy:Sturgeons are bottom-feeders. This combination of a subterminal mouth and barbels make the sturgeon well designed for sensing and capturing benthic prey. Their diet consists of worms, crustaceans, insect larvae, and mollusks.
Common Name: Atlantic Sturgeon Scientific Name: Acipenser Oxyrinchus Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:It has a longer snout than other sturgeons and has four barbels at the side of its mouth. Their mouth is located on the underside their head.
Title: Freshwater
Species #:9
Common Name: Black Crappie Scientific Name: Pomoxis Nigromaculatus Class:actinoptetygii Family: centrarchidae
Order:Periformes Genus:pomxis
Species:P. nigromaculatus Geography / Habitat: Weed beds or submerged objects like logs.The native range extends into Canada and east to the coastal plain south of Virginia. Currently, populations of black crappie can be found in each of the 48 contiguous United States Life Strategy:Spawning occurs in the early spring and the summer in water temperatures between 62-68 degrees f. They spawn over gravel areas or other soft material in nest of colonies. Food / Feed Strategy:Adults feed on fewer fish, and more insects and crustaceans.
Common Name: Black Crappie Scientific Name: Pomoxis Nigromaculatus Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: it has a large mouth with an upper jaw extending under the eye
Title: Freshwater
Species #:10
Common Name: Blue Catfish Scientific Name: ctalurus furcatus Class: actinopterygii Family: ictaluridae
Order: ictulurus Genus: siluriformes
Species:I. furcatus
Geography / Habitat: Primarily in the Mississippi River drainage including Missouri, Ohio, Tennessee, and Arkansas river.Primarily large-river fish, occurring in main channels, tributaries, and impoundments of major river systems. They tend to move upstream in the summer in search of cooler temperatures, and downstream in the winter in order to find warmer water. Life Strategy:They spawn in the spring or early summer. Nests are constructed by one or both parents, usually among crevices and holes under logs and trees and undercut banks. Food / Feed Strategy:invertebrates still comprise the major portion of the diet, blue catfish as small as four inches in length have been known to consume fish. Individuals larger than eight inches eat fish and large invertebrates
Common Name:Blue Catfish Scientific Name: ctalurus furcatus Body Form or Style: Subittiform, bottom fish Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position
Title: Freshwater
Species #:11
Common Name: Blue gill Scientific Name: Lepomis Marcrochius Class:actinopterygii Family: centrarchidae
Order:Periformes Genus: lepomis
Species:L. macrochirus
Geography / Habitat: Native to wide areas of North America from Quebec to Northern Mexico Life Strategy:Bluegills begin spawning when water temperatures reach about 70°F. Spawning may peak in May or June, but continues until water temperatures cool in the fall. Because of their long spawning season, bluegills have very high reproductive potential, which often results in overpopulation in the face of low predation or low fishing pressure Food / Feed Strategy:Young fish feed on plankton, but as they grow the diet shifts to aquatic insects and their larvae. Up to 50% of their diet may consist of midge larvae.
Common Name: Bluegill Scientific Name: Lepomis macrochirus Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title: Freshwater
Species #:12
Common Name: Blacktail Redhorse Scientific Name: Moxostana Peocilurum Class:actinopterygii Family: catostamidae
Order:cypriniformes Genus:moxostoma
Species:M. duquesnei
Geography / Habitat: Backtail redhorse are widespread and often abundant in rivers, reservoirs, small to large streams, swamps, and the Mobile Delta. They occur in swift to standing water over sand, silt, rock, or gravel substrates and around aquatic vegetation. Life Strategy:Spawning occurs in March and April. Adults frequently enter small streams to spawn and leave shortly thereafter. Food / Feed Strategy:Bottom feeder
Common Name: Blacktail Redhorse Scientific Name: Moxostana Peocilurum Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:13
Common Name: Brook Trout Scientific Name: Salvelinus Fontinalis Class:actinopterygii Family: salmonidae
Order:salmoniformes Genus:salvelinus
Species:S. fontinalis
Geography / Habitat: small streams, creeks, lakes, and spring ponds.
Life Strategy:Brook trout spawn in the late falland the early winter. Immature and small, adult brook troutare likely to stay in a stream even when access to a lake or apond is nearby because stream habitats offer more protection from predators. During summer months, larger brooktrout typically inhabit the lake, which has larger food items,and move to rivers or streams only to spawn. Food / Feed Strategy:Brook trout from 4 to 8 incheslong feed mainly on aquatic and terrestrial insects. Between8 and 12 inches, they begin feeding on small fish. Largetrout, particularly in northern waters during the summer,are known to eat small mammals (mice, voles, shews, and lemmings)
Common Name: Brook Trout Scientific Name: Salvelinus fontinalis Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style:Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Large mouth that extends past the eye
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:14
Common Name: Brown Bullhead Scientific Name: Ameriurus nebulosus Class: actinopterygii Family: ictaluride
Order:siluriformes Genus:amerurus
Species:A. nebulosus
Geography / Habitat:Lakes, ponds with low oxygen or muddy conditions in North America, Canada, and Quebec Life Strategy:Bullheads spawn in April through June. The female lays eggs in a shallow hole she scoops out on the bottom of the lake. The male cares for the eggs. After the young hatch, one or both parents look out for the Food / Feed Strategy:Brown bullheads eat just about anything: insects, leeches, snails, fish, clams, plants, and so on.
Common Name: Brown bullhead Scientific Name: Ameriurus nebulosus Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:15
Common Name: Chain Pickerel Scientific Name: Esoxniger Class:actinoperygii Family: esocidae
Order:esociformes Genus:esox
Species:E. niger
Geography / Habitat: Southern Canada to Florida and west to Texas.Pickerel are attracted to weedy pools in streams, ponds, lakes and rivers.Their ambush style of feeding requires cover such as Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV), tree limbs or man-made structures such as pilings, rip-rap, or sunken ships. Life Strategy:Chain Pickerel spawn in the early spring when water temperatures approach 50°F. Pickerel eggs are adhesive ribbon-like masses that are attached to submerged vegetation or structure. The female lays up to 50,000 eggs but does not stay to guard them as many other fish do. Pickerel may reach fourteen inches in length by their third year and become sexually mature by their fourth Food / Feed Strategy:Pickerel are sight-oriented predators and are predominately active during the day.They are quite opportunistic feeders and strike with incredible speed when some unwary prey swims nearby.The main diet of the pickerel consists of small fish, crayfish, frogs, mice, newts and insects.
Common Name: Chain Pickerel Scientific Name:Esox niger Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title: Freshwater
Species #:16
Common Name: Atlantic Salmon Scientific Name: Salmo Salar Class: actinopterygii Family: salmonidae
Order:salmoniformes Genus:salmo
Species: S. salar
Geography / Habitat: Feeds in saltwater and returns to spawn in native freshwaters streams. Life Strategy: pawning usually occurs in gravelbottoms at the head of riffles or the tail of a pool, and in theevening or at night. Exhausted and thin, the adults oftenreturn to sea immediately before winter or remain in thestream until spring.
Food / Feed Strategy: Feed mainly on the immature and the adult stages of aquatic insects.
Common Name: Atlantic Salmon Scientific Name:Salmo Salar Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:17
Common Name: Channel Catfish Scientific Name: Ictalurus Punctatus Class: actinopterygii Family: ictulurdae
Order:siluriformes Genus:ictalurus
Species:I. punctatus
Geography / Habitat: Thrive in small rivers, large rivers, reservoirs, natural lakes, and ponds. North America-Missouri, Nebraska, and Tennessee. Life Strategy:Channel catfish spawn in late spring or early summer when water temperatures reach 75°F. Males select nest sites which are normally dark secluded areas such as cavities in drift piles, logs, undercut banks, rocks, cans, etc. A golden-yellow gelatinous egg mass is deposited in the bottom of the nest. Males guard the nest, and may actually eat some of the eggs if they are disturbed. Food / Feed Strategy:Adults are largely omnivorous, feeding on insects, mollusks, crustaceans, fish, and even some plant material
Common Name: Channel Catfish Scientific Name: Ictalurus Punctatus Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:18
Common Name: Chinook Salmon Scientific Name: oncorhynchus Class: actinopterygii Family: salmonidae
Order: salmoniformes Genus:oncorhynchus
Species:O. tshawyncha
Geography / Habitat: Spends 1-5 years before returning home to spawn. San Francisco Bay to north in Alaska and the arctic waters of Canada and Russia. Also, Asia, Japan, and Kuril Islands. Life Strategy:They hatch in freshwater rivers,spend part of their lives in the ocean, and then spawn infreshwater. Those chinook that have been transplanted tostrictly freshwater environments (as in the Great Lakes) hatchin tributary rivers and streams, spend part of their lives in theopen water of the lake, and then return to tributaries tospawn. In both cases, all chinook die after spawning. Food / Feed Strategy:In fresh waters they feed on plankton and insects. In the ocean, they eat herring, pilchards, sand lance, squid, and crustaceans.
Common Name: Chinook Salmon Scientific Name: oncorhynchus Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:upper jaw projects beyond the lower jaw
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:19
Common Name: Coho Salmon Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus Kisutch Class: actinopterygii Family: salmonidae
Order: salmoniformes Genus:oncorhychus
Species:O. kisotach
Geography / Habitat: Spend 1-2 years in freshwater natural streams. Spring and summer in blackish ponds. In the fall they live in saltwater for 1-3 years before returning to spawn. Life Strategy:Adult male sea-run coho salmon generally enter streamswhen they are either 2 or 3 years old, but adult females donot return to spawn until age 3. The timing of runs into trib-utaries varies. Coho salmon in Alaska enter spawningstreams from July through November, usually during peri-ods of high runoff. In California, the runs occur from Sep-tember through March, and the bulk of spawning occursfrom November through January. Streams throughout theGreat Lakes primarily receive coho from late August intoOctober. Food / Feed Strategy:Juvenile coho in freshwater feedon plankton, then later eat insects. In the ocean, cohosalmon grow rapidly, feeding on a variety of organisms,including herring, pilchards, sand lance, squid, and crus-taceans. Likewise, coho that live entirely in freshwater feedon plankton and insects as juveniles and on pelagic fresh-water baitfish in the lakes.
Common Name: Coho Salmon Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus Kisutch Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:20
Common Name: Common Carp Scientific Name: Cyprinus Carpio Class: actinopterygii Family: cyprinidae
Order: cyriniformes Genus:cyprinus
Species:C. carpio
Geography / Habitat: large bodies of slow or standing water. Native to Asia and Eastern Europe. Life Strategy: By their second year, males arable to reproduce, whereas females are able to do so once they are 3 years old. Carp spawn in the spring and the sum-mer, depending on latitude, becoming active once temper-atures rise to the 60°F range. During the day or the night, several males will accompany one or two females to shal-low, vegetated waters and splash and thrash as the eggs are released and fertilized. A large female can carry millions of adhesive eggs, but the average amount is 100,000 eggs per pound of body weight. and can tolerate tempera-ture fluctuations and extremes, with the ability to survive in 96°F water for24 hours. Food / Feed Strategy: Omnivorous feeders, carp favor predominantly vegetarian diets but will feed on aquatic insects, snails, crustaceans, annelids, mollusks. Aquatic plants and filamentous algae are the most popular food groups of common carp.
Common Name:Common Carp Scientific Name: Cyprinus Carpio Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:21
Common Name: Golden Shiner Scientific Name: notemigonus Class: actinopterygii Family: cyprinidae
Order: cypini Genus:notemigonus
Species:N. crysoleucas
Geography / Habitat: Quiet waters, lakes, ponds, and ditches. Prefer clean water. Native to Eastern North America. Life Strategy:Golden shiners reach sexual maturityin their second year when they are usually 21⁄2 to 31⁄2 incheslong, and spawn over an extended period, commencing in the spring when water temperatures exceed 68°F. They donot prepare nests, as many other shiners and minnows do rather, they scatter adhesive eggs over algae and otheraquatic vegetation and do not exhibit parental care. Food / Feed Strategy:The food of golden shiners consists of plankton,algae, insects, and small fish; they feed in mid-water and at or near the surface.
Common Name: Goloden Shiner Scientific Name: notemigonus Body Form or Style: The golden shiner has a deep, compressed body that is generally golden yellow or brass colored in turbid water, varying to more silvery in clear water. Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:22
Common Name: Lake Herring Scientific Name: Coreonusartedi Class: actinopterygii Family: salminidae
Order:salmoniformes Genus:coregonus
Species:C. artedi
Geography / Habitat: Lake Superior. Midwater zone of cold water lakes. Also large rivers in the northern and western part. Life Strategy:Lake trout generally spend their entire lives in lakes, staying deep and often near the bottom at cool levels. Spawning takes place in the late summer or the early fall over clean, rocky lake bottoms Food / Feed StrategyThe diet of lake trout varies with the age and the size of the fish, the locality, and the food available. Food items commonly include zooplankton, insect larvae, small crustaceans, clams, snails, leeches, and various species of fish,including their own kind.
Common Name: Lake Herring Scientific Name: coreonusartedi Body Form or Style: Dorsal fins including one adipose fin, pointed snout with long lower jaw, long cylindrical body. Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform Mouth Position:it has several rows of strong teeth,which are weak, less numerous, or absent. Its head is generally large
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:23
Common Name: Lake Sturgeon Scientific Name: Acipenser Fulvescens Class: actinopterygii Family:acipenseridae
Order:acipenseriformes Genus:acipenser
Species:A. fulvescens
Geography / Habitat:Lake sturgeons are also found in rivers, but they avoid salt water. These fish were once a major part of North America's Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, and Mississippi River ecosystems and occurred from Canada to Alabama. But intense fishing has exacted a heavy toll on their populations. Life Strategy:Female lake sturgeons don‟t spawn until they're about 20 to 25 years old, and then only once every several years. Males and females come together to breed in April through June in moving water or lake shallows. The males gather around females, vibrating, leaping, and thrashing about as she releases her eggs--50,000 to a million or more. The eggs stick to bottom of the lake or stream and hatch in about a week. Food / Feed Strategy:Sturgeon vacuum food off the bottom of the lake or river with their hoselike mouths. Their meals consist mainly of crayfish and other small animals like snails, clams, and small aquatic insects.
Common Name: Lake Sturgeon Scientific Name: Acipenser fulvescens Body Form or Style: Rows of bony plates (scutes) that becomes less distinguishable in adults. Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform Mouth Position:have a large protrusible, suctorial mouth on the bottom side of the head with 4 barbel in front of the mouth and beneath the snout.
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:24
Common Name: Lake Trout Scientific Name: Salvelinus Namaycush Class: actinopterygii Family: salonidae
Order:salomi formus Genus:salvelinus
Species: S. namycush
Geography / Habitat: Mainly in lakes in North America. They depend on cold oxygen rich waters. Life Strategy:Spawning takes place in the late summer or the early fall over clean, rocky lake bottoms. Rocky shoals or reefs are prominent spawning sites. Unlike other salmonids, laketrout do not make nests. Spawning usually takes place at night, with peak activity occurring after dusk Food / Feed Strategy:Food items commonly include zooplankton, insect larvae, small crustaceans, clams, snails, leeches, and various species of fish, including their own kind. Lake
Common Name: Lake trout Scientific Name: salvelinus namaycush Body Form or Style: Compressiform. Two dorsal fins including one adipose fin, light spots on darker gray background, lower fins edged with white, tail forked, 11 rays in anal fin. Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:25
Common Name: Lake Whitefish Scientific Name: Coregonus Clupeaformes Class: actinopterygii Family: salonidae
Order:salmoniformes Genus:coregonus
Species: C. clupeaforms
Geography / Habitat: Fresh waters of North America. Lakes where they prefer deep, cool water. Life Strategy:Mainly bottom feeders, adult lake whitefish feed primarily on aquatic insect larvae, mollusks, and amphipods, but also on other small fish and fish eggs, including their own. Young fish feed on plankton shoals in large lakes or tributary streams. Eggs are randomly deposited over the bottom by females laying up to 12,000 eggs per pound of body weigh Food / Feed Strategy:Mainly bottom feeders, adult lake whitefish feed primarily on aquatic insect larvae, mollusks,and amphipods, but also on other small fish and fish eggs, including their own. Young fish feed on plankton
Common Name: Lake Whitefish Scientific Name: coregonus clupeaformes Body Form or Style: Compressiform. slender, elongated species, the lake whitefish is silvery to white with an olive to pale greenishbrown back that is dark brown to midnight blue or black in some Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:26
Common Name: Longnose Gar Scientific Name: Lepisosteus osseus Class: actinopterygii Family: lepisosteidae
Order:Lepisosteiformes Genus:Lepisosteus
Species:L. osseus
Geography / Habitat: Rivers and Lakes throughout the eastern half of the United States. Deep south, Texas and Alabama. Warm shallow water with abundant vegetation. Life Strategy:Spawning activity occurs as early as April, in shallow riffle areas. One or many males may accompany females, typically the larger sex. Although nests are not prepared, gravel is swept somewhat by the spawning action itself. Each female may deposit a portion of her eggs at several different locations. Food / Feed Strategy:The Gator Gar is carnivorous, eating smaller fish as it swims along the top of plants at the bottom of the water
Common Name:longnose Gar Scientific Name: Lepisosteus osseus Body Form or Style: sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform Mouth Position:two rows of teeth on its top jaw and its long snout filled with teeth,
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:27
Common Name: Norhtern Pike Scientific Name: Esox lucius Class: actinopterygii Family: esocidae
Order: esociformes Genus:esox
Species:E. lucius
Geography / Habitat: Blackish freshwater of the northern hemisphere. Sluggish streams and shallow, weedy places in lakes, as well as, in cold, clear rocky waters. Life Strategy:Northern pike spawn in Lake Erie tributaries as soon as the ice breaks, usually in late February or early March. They often migrate into very small streams and can be found spawning in flooded drainage ditches in NW Ohio Food / Feed Strategy:Primarily fish but will take nearly anything they can fit in their mouth, including frogs, muskrats, and small duck
Common Name: Northern Pike Scientific Name: Esox lucius Body Form or Style: sagittiform, long and slender fish with a duckbill shaped mouth and lots of needle sharp teeth. Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:28
Common Name: Pink Salmon Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus Class: actinopterygii Family: salmonidae
Order:salmoniformes Genus:oncorhyn
Species:O. gorbus
Geography / Habitat: Coldwater with a range of 5.6-14.6 c. Native to Sacramento River in Northern California to Canada. They were introduced into an entirely freshwater environment in the Great Lakes. Life Strategy: Females dig a series of nests, or redds, depositing hundreds to thousands of eggs, which hatch from late December through February. Young become free-swimming in the early spring soon after hatching, often returning to sea in the company of young chum and sockeye salmon. Adults die soon after spawning. Food / Feed Strategy: While in freshwater on spawning runs, sea-run pink salmon may eat insects, although they often do not feed at all. At sea, they feed primarily on plankton, as well as on crustaceans, small fish, and squid.
Common Name: Pink Salmon Scientific Name: oncorhynchus Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:29
Common Name: Rainbow Trout Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus mykiss Class: actinopterygii Family: salmonidae
Order:salmoniformes Genus:oncorhynchus
Species:O. mykiss
Geography / Habitat: They return to original hatching ground to spawn. Usually remain in the river about a year before heading to sea. They mature in freshwater before spawning in the spring. Native to the Pacific Ocean in Asia and Northern America as well as central, western, eastern, and northern United States. Life Strategy: The maximum recorded life span for a rainbow trout is 11 years. Food / Feed Strategy:Predators with a varied diet will eat anything they can grab. While in waters populated with salmon, trout will eat salmon eggs. Alvein, fry, smolt, and salmon carcasses.
Common Name: Rainbow Trout Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus mykiss Body Form or Style: Compressiform. The body shape may range from slender to thick. The back may shade from blue-green to olive Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:30
Common Name: Redear Sunfish Scientific Name: Lepomis microlophus Class: actinopterygii Family: centrardchidae
Order:Periformes Genus:lepomis
Species:L. microlophus
Geography / Habitat: Native to southeastern United States to bodies of waters. Life Strategy: During spawning the males congregate and create nests close together in colonies and females visit to lay eggs. Will sometimes hybridize with other sunfish species. Food / Feed Strategy: Bottom feeders, favorite food is snails. The fish have thick pharyngeal teeth hard moveable plates in its throat to allow it to crunch exoskeletons and even open small clams.
Common Name:Redear Sunfish Scientific Name: Lepomis microlophus Body Form or Style: compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:31
Common Name:Rock Bass Scientific Name: Ambloplites rupestris Class: actinopterygii Family: centrachidae
Order:periformes Genus:ambloplites
Species:A. rupestris
Geography / Habitat: Native to St. Lawrence River and Great Lakes, the upper and middle Mississippi River basin in North America from Canada down to Missouri and Arkansas, throughout eastern United States to northern portions of Alabama and Georgia. Life Strategy:They have the ability to rapidly change their color to match their surroundings. They can live as long as 10 years, living under lakeside docks and near swimming areas Food / Feed Strategy:Carnivorous and its diet consists of smaller fish, insects and crustaceans.
Common Name: Rock Bass Scientific Name: Ambloplites rupestris Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:32
Common Name: Smallmouth Bass Scientific Name: Micropterus dolomeiui Class: actinopterygii Family: centrarehidae
Order:periformes Genus:micropterus
Species:M. dolomieu
Geography / Habitat: Found in streams, rivers, rocky areas, and stumps also sandy bottoms of lakes and reservoirs. Prefers cooler water and may be found in both still and moving water. Native to the upper and middle Mississippi River basin, the St Lawrence River, Great Lakes, and Hudson Bay basin. Life Strategy: intolerant of pollution, the small mouth bass is a good natural indicator of a healthy environment, though it can better adjust to changes in water conditions than most trout. Food / Feed Strategy:carnivorous, its diet comprises of crayfish, insects, and smaller fish. The young can also fed on zooplankton.
Common Name: Smallmouth Bass Scientific Name: Micropterus dolomeiui Body Form or Style: Compressiform. has a robust, slightly laterally compressed and elongated body. Its pelvic fins sit forward on the body below the pectoral fins. The two dorsal fins are joined or notched. Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Protruding lower jaw
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:33
Common Name: Smelt (rainbow) Scientific Name: Osmerus mordax Class:actinopterygii Family: osmeridae
Order:osmeriformes Genus:osmerus
Species:O. mordax
Geography / Habitat: Rivers and coastal waters of North America from new Jersey to the east coast and from Vancouver to the Arctic Ocean. Introduced to the Great Lakes and other inland bodies of water in Midwestern United States. Life Strategy:They spend the summers along the coast, normally in waters no more than 20 ft. deep and no more than a mile from shore. In the spring they spawn at night in small streams, often one that go dry in the winter. Food / Feed Strategy:They eat zooplankton, invertebrates, and other fish, including small smelt, sculpins, burbot, and whitefish.
Common Name: Smelt Scientific Name: Osmerus mordax Body Form or Style: compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:34
Common Name: Hickory Shad Scientific Name: Alosa medioaris Class: actinopterygii Family: clupeoidae
Order:clupeiformes Genus:dorosoma
Species: dorosoma cepedianum
Geography / Habitat: Spends most of its life in the ocean, when mature, it returns to rivers and streams. Located in the Atlantic coast of North America. Life Strategy:Mature when they are two years old. Young fish remain in rivers and backwaters, migrating to the sea by the fall or early winter. Food / Feed Strategy: Feed on small fish, squid, small crabs and fish eggs.
Common Name: Hickory Shad Scientific Name: Alosa medioaris Body Form or Style: compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform Mouth Position: oblique mouth, a lower jaw that projects beyond the upper jaw.
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:35
Common Name: Suckerfish Scientific Name: Maxostoma macrolepidotum Class: actinopterygii Family: catostomidae
Order:cyprimiformes Genus:Echeneis
Species:naucrates
Geography / Habitat: found in North America, east of central China, and eastern Siberia. They are not usually fished recreationally. Not highly prized in North America.Suckers inhabit all types of freshwater habitats,including rivers, lakes, and small streams. Most river species live in moderately fast-run habitats with moderate depths. Life Strategy:suckers do not need to seek cover from predators, so they often coexist with bass and trout in deep pools Food / Feed Strategy:They have no barbells like catfish, no hardened spines in their dorsal or anal fins like perch and sunfish, and no adipose fins like trout.
Common Name: Sucker Scientific Name:Maxostoma macrolepidotum Body Form or Style: Subcarangiform.They have no barbells like catfish, no hardened spines in their dorsal or anal fins like perch and sunfish, and no adipose fins like trout. Suckers are robust fish, slightly laterally compressed Swim / Locomotion Style:subcarangiform Mouth Position:inferior mouths and large fleshy lips
Title: Freshwater
Species #:36
Common Name: Walleye Scientific Name: sander vitreum Class: actinopterygii Family: percidae
Order:periformes Genus:sander
Species:S. vitreus
Geography / Habitat: Native to Canada and northern United States. The species has been artificially propagated for over a century and has been planted on top of existing population or introduced into waters naturally devoid of the species. Life Strategy:Adults migrate to tributary streams in late winter/early spring to lay eggs over gravel and rock, although there are open water reef or shoal spawning as well. Food / Feed Strategy:Their eyes reflect light which allows them to see well in turbid waters which gives them advantage over their prey.
Common Name: Walleye Scientific Name: Sander vitreum Body Form or Style: compressiform, body is generally mottled with dark blotches on a yellowishto-greenish brown background Swim / Locomotion Style:carangiform Mouth Position:teeth in the jaws and on the roof of the mouth
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:37
Common Name:Warmouth Scientific Name: Chaenobryttus gulosus Class: actinopterygii Family: centrarchidae
Order:Periformes Genus:Lepomis
Species:L. gulosus
Geography / Habitat: Native to a wide area of the United States inhabiting the heavily vegetated, muddy bottomed waters. Life Strategy:Warmouth begin spawning from April through August when they are 3 to 4 inches long and from 1 to 3 years old. Spawning peaks in early June, when waters warm to about 70°F. The male builds a shallow, bowl-shaped nest in water less than 5 feet deep, often in the company of others, so that a small colony of nests is formed. Preferred nesting sites are in a sand or a rubble bottom with a thin covering of silt, near patches of lily pads, cattails, and grasses, or at the base of trees standing in shallow Food / Feed Strategy:suckers do not need to seek cover from predators, so they often coexist with bass and trout in deep pools
Common Name: Warmouth Scientific Name:Chaenobryttus gulosus Body Form or Style: compressiform, stout body and is olive brown above and cream to bright yellow below, Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform Mouth Position:a large mouth and a patch of teeth on the tongue, and the upper jaw extends under or past the pupils of the eyes
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:38
Common Name: White Bass Scientific Name: Morone chrysops Class: actinopterygii Family: moronidae
Order:Periformes Genus:morone
Species:M. chrysops
Geography / Habitat: State fish of Oklahoma. Found in lakes and some large rivers throughout the United States. Life Strategy:White bass are active early spring spawners. Schools of males migrate upstream to spawning areas as much as a month before females. There is no nest preparation. Spawning occurs either near the surface, or in mid-water. Running water with a gravel or rock substrate is preferred Food / Feed Strategy: They eat insect larvae, crustaceans and other fish. They are visual feeders. When not frightened, they will bite readily alive bait such as worms and minnows.
Common Name: White bass Scientific Name: morone chrysops Body Form or Style: Compressiform. The white bass has a moderately deep and compressed body that is raised behind the small head Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:the large mouth is between the two dorsal fins
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:39
Common Name: White Catfish Scientific Name: Ameriurus catus Class: actinopterygii Family: Ictaluridae
Order:Siluriformes Genus:Ameriurus
Species:catus Geography / Habitat: White catfish inhabit the salty bottom areas of slow-moving streams and rivers, as well as ponds, lakes, and the low-salinity portions of tidal estuaries. They generally avoid the swift water of large rivers and do not thrive in weedy or muddy shallow ponds.Found in rivers along the Atlantic coast from southern New York to Florida. Life Strategy:This species spawns in the spring and the early summer, depending on latitude, and its spawning behavior is generally similar to that of the bullhead. The parents build a nest on sand or gravel substrate, usually near shore and often in places associated with some form of sheltering cover; spawning occurs when the water reaches approximately 70°F, and both parents guard the eggs and the young. Food / Feed Strategy:White catfish have a broad appetite and consume aquatic insects, crayfish, clams, snails, mussels, fish eggs, assorted small fish, and some aquatic plants. Adults primarily feed on fish and are active at night, although they are less nocturnal than are other catfish.
Common Name: White Catfish Scientific Name: Ameuurus catus Body Form or Style: Compressiform. The tail is moderately forked, and the anal fin is shorter and rounder than that of channel or blue catfish. Whites have only 19-22 anal fin rays. The chin barbels are white or yellow. They have a blunt, more-rounded head, and they lack black spots on their body. Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:40
Common Name: Ladyfish Scientific Name: Elops saurus Class: actinopterygii Family: Elopidae
Order:Elopiformes Genus:Elops
Species:saurus
Geography / Habitat: Ladyfish are inshore species that prefer bays and estuaries, lagoons, mangrove areas, tidal pools, and canals. They occasionally enter freshwater and are rarely found on coral reels. Life Strategy:These fish form large schools close to shore, although they are known to spawn offshore. Their ribbon like larvae is very similar to those of bonefish and tarpon. Food / Feed Strategy:Adults feed predominantly on fish and crustaceans. Ladyfish schools are often seen pursuing bait at the surface.
Common Name: Ladyfish Scientific Name:: Elops saurus Body Form or Style: The ladyfish has an elongated, slender silvery body with a blue-green back and small scales Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform Mouth Position: The mouth is terminal, and the tail is deeply forked.
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:41
Common Name: Yellow Bullhead Scientific Name: ameriurusnatalis Class: actinopterygii Family: ictaluridae
Order:saluriformes Genus:ameriurus
Species:A. natalis
Geography / Habitat:River, pools, backwaters, and sluggish current over soft or wildly rocky substances in creeks, small to large rivers and shallow portions of lakes and ponds usually preferring Clearwater. Central and eastern United States from central Texas north into North Dakota and east through the Great Lakes. Life Strategy:During late spring or early summer, yellow bullheads excavate nests in mud bottoms and spawn. Both parents guard the nest, which may contain 2,000 to 12,000 eggs. In four to six days eggs hatch and fry begin to school in compact balls, which are guarded by adults until individuals reach about one inch in length. Food / Feed Strategy:the yellow bullhead is omnivorous, feeding on a variety of plant and animal material, both live and dead. Immature aquatic insects and crustaceans often comprise a considerable proportion of the diet.
Common Name: Yellow bullhead Scientific Name:ameriurus natalis Body Form or Style: compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:42
Common Name: Yellow Perch Scientific Name: percaflovescens Class: actinopterygii Family: osteichthyes
Order:Periformes Genus:Perca
Species:percidae
Geography / Habitat: United States and Canada, often stocked on ponds also found in lakes. Yellow perch are most commonly found in the weedy backwaters of rivers, shallow waters of lakes, and large ponds, usually in warmwater situations. Populations can be found in coldwater lakes but these fish usually have stunted growth Life Strategy: Yellow perch usually spawn in their second year, between April and May, when temperatures are 7-19°C. Mating begins with a female slowly swimming in circles near a vegetation bed, followed by 2-3 courting males fighting for position. When she is ready, the female will make a quick series of turns and movements before rapidly swimming forward, leaving a string of eggs in her wake for the males to fertilize.
Food / Feed Strategy: catch small fish, including salmon, when they have the chance. Feeding occurs mostly at dawn and dusk with little to no activity at night
Common Name: Yellow Perch Scientific Name:percaflovescens Body Form or Style: Moderately deep and compressed body with a large head Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:43
Common Name: Blackback Herring Scientific Name: Alosa aestivalis Class: actinopterygii Family: clupeidae
Order:clupeiformes Genus:alosa
Species:A. aestivalis
Geography / Habitat: blueback herring have co-evolved and co-existed with other native fish and wildlife in Maine‟s streams, rivers, ponds and lakes for thousands of years. The historical distribution of this species is throughout the Atlantic seaboard, from Newfoundland to the St. Johns River, Florida. Life Strategy: Blueback herring spawning requirements differ slightly from those of the alewife. They spawn in the main stem sections of rivers and streams and do not ascend into ponds or lakes. Blueback herring spawn from Nova Scotia to northern Florida, but are most numerous in warmer waters from Chesapeake Bay south. Blueback herring spawn from late May through mid-June. Females usually reach 100% maturity by age 5 and produce 60,000-103,000 eggs, whereas males generally mature at an earlier age (ages 3-4) and smaller size than females ( Food / Feed Strategy: Juvenile blueback herring feed predominantly on zooplankton, preying primarily on ctenophores, calanoid copepods, amphipods, mysids, and other pelagic shrimp. While at sea, they also prey on small fishes, such as Atlantic herring, eel, sand lance, cunner and other alewife, as well as eating the eggs/larvae of other fish species
Common Name:Blackback Herring Scientific Name:Alosa aestivalis Body Form or Style: are a medium-sized, relatively deep-bodied fish. It is grayish green on its back and is silvery on its belly and sides Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:44
Common Name: Northern Hogsucker Scientific Name: Hypentelium nigricans Class: actinopterygii Family: Catostomidae
Order:Cypriniformes Genus:Hypentelium
Species:H. nigricans
Geography / Habitat: The northern hogsucker is widely distributed across central and eastern North America, occurring in the Great Lakes, Mississippi, Ohio, and some Atlantic drainages. Hogsucker inhabits primarily large streams and small rivers Life Strategy:Northern hogsuckers spawn in mid to late spring as the water begins to warm. Food / Feed Strategy:the northern hogsucker preys upon many varieties of benthic organisms, the most common of which are insect larvae, small crustaceans, detritus, and algae. It feeds by disturbing the stream bottom with its large snout and sucking up organisms that it dislodges
Common Name: Northern Hogsucker Scientific Name: Hypentelium nigricans Body Form or Style: Compressiform. It has a very steep forehead and long, protruding lips, bearing a strong likeness to a pig‟s snout Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:45
Common Name: Arctic Grayling Scientific Name: Thymallus arcticus Class: actinopterygii Family: salmonidae
Order:Salmoniformes Genus:Thymallinae
Species:T. arcticus
Geography / Habitat: Arctic grayling are widespread in arctic drainages from Hudson Bay to Alaska and throughout central Albertaand British Columbia, as well as in the upper Missouri River drainage in Montan. Grayling prefer the clear, cold, welloxygenatedwaters of medium to large rivers and lakes. Life Strategy:Adult grayling spawn from April through June in rocky creeks; fish from lakes enter tributaries to spawn. Instead of making nests Food / Feed Strategy:Young grayling initially feed on zooplankton and become mainly insectivorous as adults,although they also eat small fish, fish eggs, and, less often, lemmings and planktonic crustaceans.
Common Name:Arctic Grayling Scientific Name: Thymallus arcticus Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: It has a small, narrow mouth with numerous small teeth in both jaws.
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:46
Common Name: Goldeye Scientific Name: Hiodon alosoides Class: actinopterygii Family: hiodontidae
Order:Hiodontiformes Genus:Hiodon
Species:H. alosoides
Geography / Habitat: Endemic to North America, goldeye are found in both Canadian and American waters. They occur from western Ontario to the Mackenzie River. Goldeye are most often found in warm, silty sections of large rivers and in the backwaters of shallow lakes connectedto them. Life Strategy:In the spring, mature goldeye move into pools in rivers or backwater lakes of rivers, to spawn when the water temperature is between 50° and 56°F. Food / Feed Strategy: Goldeye feed on a variety of organisms, from microscopic plankton to insects and fish. They do most of their foraging on or near the surface and predominantly on insects, although they will eat minnows and small frogs.
Common Name: Goldeye Scientific Name: Hiodon alosoides Body Form or Style:The goldeye is a small fish whose compressed body is deep in proportion to its length and is covered with large, loose scales Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:47
Common Name: Spotted Gar Scientific Name: Lepisosteus oculatus Class: actinopterygii Family: Lepisosteidae
Order:Lepisosteiformes Genus:Lepisosteus
Species:L. oculatus
Geography / Habitat: The spotted gar ranges from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico and down through the Mississippi.The spotted gar is common in the pools and backwaters of creeks and small to large rivers and in swamps, lakes, and oxbows, often near vegetation. Life Strategy: Like other gar, this species is often observed basking on the surface on warm days, resembling a floating log. It occasionally breaks the surface and gulps air from its specialized bladder. Spawning occurs in the spring in grassy sloughs.
Food / Feed Strategy: The spotted gar eats small crustaceans as a juvenile, but its diet quickly changes to fish as it matures. Gars are stalkers, slowly following behind prey, until they rapidly strike at the prey from the side. Gars initially grip the prey with their sharp teeth in a sideways fashion. After the prey ceases to struggle, the gar turns it in the jaw and swallows the prey headfirst
Common Name: Spotted Gar Scientific Name: Lepisosteus oculatus Body Form or Style: Sagittiform. The body of the spotted gar is long and cylindrical, covered with hard, ganoid (diamond-shaped) scales. It has a single row of teeth in each jaw. Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: upper jaw longer than the rest of the head
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:48
Common Name: Florida Gar Scientific Name: Lepisosteus platyrhincus Class: actinopterygii Family: Lepisosteidae
Order:Lepisosteiformes Genus:Lepisosteidae
Species:L. platyrhincus
Geography / Habitat: The Florida gar ranges throughout peninsular Florida and into the Panhandle as far as the Apalachicola River drainage, where there is evidence that it hybridizes with the spotted gar. The Florida gar also occurs throughout part of southern Georgia to the Savannah River drainage.The Florida gar is common in medium to large lowland streams and lakes with mud or sand bottomsand an abundance of underwater vegetation. It is also abundant in canals. Gar can be found resting both on the bottom or at the surface. They live in freshwater but can survive in stagnant water that is intolerable to most other fish. Life Strategy: The spawning season is from Maythrough July in backwaters and sloughs. A female can lay up to 6,000 eggs at once. Florida gar often travels in groups of 2 to 10 or more. Food / Feed Strategy: Forage and coarse fish make up much of the adultgar‟s diet, although it also consumes shrimp, insects, crayfish, and scuds.
Common Name: Florida Gar Scientific Name: Lepisosteus platyrhincus Body Form or Style: Sagittiform. The body of the Florida gar is cigar-shaped, and it has a broad, tooth-filled snout. Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:49
Common Name: Fallfish Scientific Name: Semotilus corporalis Class: actinopterygii Family: Cypriniformes
Order:Cypriniformes Genus:Semotilus
Species:S. corporalis
Geography / Habitat: Distribution. These fish fare commonly found from eastern Canada into the James Bay drainage, and south on the east side of the Appalachian Mountains to Virginia.Fallfish inhabitthe gravel- and rockybottomed areas of cold, clear streams, as well as the edges of lakes and ponds. In rivers and streams, adults prefer deeper, quieter waters, whereas juveniles often frequent swifter, shallow waters. Life Strategy:The spawning season is from spring through summer, beginning in early May when the water warms. The male builds a pit-ridge nest out of small stones and pebbles in shallow areas or quiet pools over a clean gravel bottom. Food / Feed Strategy:Adult fallfish consume aquatic and terrestrial insects (such as mayflies, beetles, wasps, and ants), small crustaceans, small fish, and algae. Juveniles feed on zooplankton and phytoplankton.
Common Name: Fallfish Scientific Name:Semotilus corporalis Body Form or Style:Compressiform, The body of the fallfish is slender, with a bluntly pointed head Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:The mouth is terminal and has barbels— which are characteristic of cyprinids—that are sometimes hidden
Title:
Freshwater
Species #:50
Common Name: Red Drum Scientific Name: Sciaenops ocellatus Class: actinopterygii Family: Sciaenidae
Order:Perciformes Genus:Sciaenidae
Species:S. ocellatus
Geography / Habitat: Red drum are found in the western Atlantic Ocean from theGulf of Maine to the Florida Keys (although they are rarenorth of Maryland), and all along the Gulf coast to northern Mexico., the red drum is found in brackish water and saltwater on sand, mud, and grassbottoms of inlets, shallowbays, tidal
passes, bayous,and estuaries.Are primarily found in the mid-Atlantic states. Life Strategy:Males are mature by 4 years of age at 30 inches and 15 pounds, females by 5 years at 35 inches and 18 pounds. The spawning season is during the fall, although it may begin as early as August and end as late as November Food / Feed Strategy:As a bottom fish, this species uses its senses of sight and touch, and its downturned mouth, to locate forage on the bottom through vacuuming or biting the bottom.
Common Name: Red Drum Scientific Name: Sciaenops ocellatus Body Form or Style: Compressiform, The body is elongate, with a subterminal mouth and a blunt nose Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:51
Common Name: Amberjack Scientific Name: Seriola Dumerili Class:actinopterygii Family: carangidae
Order:Perciformes Genus: Seriola
Species:dumerili
Geography / Habitat: In North America greater amberjack occur off Hawaii, off the coasts of Florida, and in nearby Caribbean waters. Greater amberjack are found mostly in offshore waters and at considerable depths, as well as around offshore reefs, wrecks, buoys, and oil rigs. Life Strategy:The greater amberjack often occurs in schools, but it is not primarily a schooling fish and occasionally remains solitary. Migrations appear to be linked to spawning behavior
Food / Feed Strategy:Greater amberjack feed on fish, crabs, and squid.
Common Name: Amberjack Scientific Name: Seriola dumerili Body Form or Style: The greater amberjack has short foredorsal fins, a bluntly pointed head, and no detached finlets Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:52
Common Name: Northern Anchovy Scientific Name: engraulis Class:actinopterygii Family: engraulidae
Order:Clupeiformes Genus:Engraulis
Species:mordox Geography / Habitat: World‟s ocean in temperate waters. In the easternPacific, the northern anchovy is found from northern Vancouver Island south to Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Life Strategy:Northern anchovies spawn through the year, although they do so mainly in the winter and the early spring. Spawning occurs in near shore and offshore environs, predominantly in depths of less than 33 feet and in temperatures of 50° to 55°F
Food / Feed Strategy:Larvae of marine crustaceans such as plankton, euphausids, copepods, and decapods
Common Name: Northern Anchovy Scientific Name: engraulis mordax Body Form or Style: Slender body, rounded in cross-section, with keel on belly, rounded, protuberant snout and very long jaw. Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: lower jaws that extend behind the eyes
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:53
Common Name: Angel fish Scientific Name: Pterophyllum Class:osteichthyes Family: cichlidae
Order:periformes Genus:Pterophyllum
Species:scalare
Geography / Habitat: They are a relatively abundant fish along the length of the Amazon River in south America. Angelfish generally swim in the soft acidic waters, where there are numerous tree roots and vegetation. They also inhabit the floating meadows of the Amazon basin. They are also found in slow-moving rivers, with little current and the grassy lakes in Peru, Ecuador and Brazil. Life Strategy: These fish are hermaphroditic; all are born as females with the dominant fish changing sex to males. Spawning takes place when a male and female release sperm and eggs into the water column above the reef. The tiny larvae that are formed then go through several complex developmental stages Food / Feed Strategy: brine shrimp, blackworms, tubifex worms, whiteworms, daphnia, glassworms, and baby guppies, just to name a few. Fry can and will readily devour newly hatched brine shrimp
Common Name: Angel fish Scientific Name: holacanthus Body Form or Style: relatively flat or laterally compressed fish that attain a body size of approximately 3 inches Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:54
Common Name: Great Barracuda Scientific Name: Sphyraena Class:actinopterygii Family: animalia
Order:Perciformes Genus: Sphyroeidae
Species:S. barracucla
Geography / Habitat: Great barracuda range from Massachusetts to Brazil, although not in abundance from the Carolinas northward. They are caught mainly around Florida, in the Florida Keys, in the Bahamas, and throughout the West Indies.Found in bays, inlets, lagoons, and the shallows of mangrove islands, as well as around reefs, wrecks,piers, sandy or grassy flats, and coastal rivers where saltwater and freshwater mingle. Life Strategy:Young barracuda under 3 pounds usually inhabit shallow waters, such as harbors and coastal lagoons, until they become adults and live farther offshore, sometimes far out to sea. Smaller barracuda will occasionally school, but the large ones are typically solitary
Food / Feed Strategy:The great barracuda eats whatever is available in its habitat; needlefish, small jacks, and mullet are among the mainstay
Common Name: Great Barracuda Scientific Name: Sphyraena barracuda Body Form or Style: Sagittiform. The great barracuda is long and slender,with a large, pointed head and large eyes. Swim / Locomotion Style:Thunniform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:55
Common Name: Pacific Barracuda Scientific Name: Sphyraena argenta Class:actinopterygii Family: Sphyraenidae
Order:Perciformes Genus: Sphyraena
Species:Sphyraena
Geography / Habitat:Pacific barracuda prefer warmer water. Only caught off California during the spring and the summer,they are caught in Mexican waters throughout the year, reflecting a northerly spring migration and a southerlyfall migration. Life Strategy:Spawning takes place off outer Baja California in the open ocean, peaking in June but extending from April through September. The eggs are pelagic, and once they hatch, the young come inshore and stay in the shallow, quiet bays and coastal waters while they grow. When small, they travel in schools, although adults are normally solitary. They are naturally curious and attracted to shiny objects. Food / Feed Strategy:The Pacific barracuda feeds by sight, rather than by smell, and eats small anchovies, smelt, squid, and other small, schooling fish.
Common Name: Pacific Barracuda Scientific Name: Sphyraena argentea Body Form or Style: The Pacific barracuda is slim-bodied, with a tapered head Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position:large canine teeth ina lower jaw that projects beyond the upper jaw
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:56
Common Name: Kelp Bass Scientific Name: Paralabrax clathratus Class:actinopterygii Family: Serranidae
Order:Periformes Genus: Paralabrax
Species:P. clathratus
Geography / Habitat: Kelp bass typically linger in or near kelp beds, over reefs, and around rock jetties and breakwaters or structures in shallow water; larger fish hold in deeper water, to roughly150 feet. Life Strategy:Spawning occurs from May through September and peaks in July. Kelp bass do not migrate and instead tend to be territorial.
Food / Feed Strategy:An omnivorous feeder, kelp bass favor assorted fish and small shrimplike crustaceans when young. Adults consume anchovies, small surfperch, and other small fish.
Common Name: Kelp Bass Scientific Name: Paralabrax clathratus Body Form or Style: elongatedand compressed bass shape Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:57
Common Name: Striped Bass Scientific Name: Monrone Class:Actinopterygii Family: moronidae
Order:Peciformes Genus: M. sazatilis
Species:M. saxatilis
Geography / Habitat: inhabit saltwater, freshwater, and brackish water,although they are most abundant in saltwater. They are anadromous andmigrate in saltwater alongcoastal inshore environs and tidal tributaries. They are often found around piers,jetties, surf troughs, rips,flats, and rocks Life Strategy:The spawning fish swim near the surface of the water, turning on their sides and rolling and splashing; this display is sometimes called a “rock fight.” The semibuoyant eggs are released and drift with the current until they hatch 2 to 3 days later, depending on the water temperature. Food / Feed Strategy:feeds heavily on small fish, including large quantities of herring, menhaden, flounder, alewives, silversides, eels, and smelt, as well as invertebrates such as worms, squid, and crabs
Common Name: Striped Bass Scientific Name: Morone saxatilis Body Form or Style: It has a long body and a long head, a somewhat laterally compressed body form Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:protruding lower jaw
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:58
Common Name: Batfish Scientific Name: Ogocephalus Class: Actinopterygii Family: Ogcocephalidae
Order:Lophiformes Genus:
Species: Geography / Habitat: Most batfish are found along reefs, dwelling anywhere from the water‟s edge out as far as 1,500 feet. Some species prefer shallower water, but most batfish remain in deeperwaters between 200 and 1,000 feet. Shallow-water species frequent clear water, mostly in rocky areas or around the bases of reefs; deep-water species prefer more open muddy, or claybottoms. Life Strategy:Batfish partly hide by covering themselves in sand or mud during the day, and they swim at night. Food / Feed Strategy:Mostly feeding on polychaete worms and crustaceans, batfish also eat other fish.
Common Name: Batfish Scientific Name: Ogocephalus nasutus Body Form or Style: The head and the trunk of the batfish are broad and flattened, having either a disk or a triangular shape, and its body is covered with broad spines Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position:The mouth is small but capable of opening broadly.
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:59
Common Name: Bluefish Scientific Name: Pomatomus saltatrix Class:Actinopterygii Family: Pomatomidae
Order:Periformes Genus: Pomatomus
Species:P. saltatrix
Geography / Habitat: Favoring temperate to tropical waters, bluefish range along rockycoasts and in deep, troubled waters, although they are known to be sporadic, if not cyclical, in occurrence andlocation. Life Strategy:Atlantic coast bluefish spawn mainly in the spring in the South Atlantic Bight and during summer in the Middle Atlantic Bight. Bluefish migrate out to open sea to spawn, anywhere from 2 miles offshore to the continental platform. Food / Feed Strategy:Insatiable predators, bluefish feed on a wide variety of fish and invertebrates but target schools of menhaden, mackerel, and herring. They feed in large groups, viciously attacking schools of smaller fish.
Common Name: Bluefish Scientific Name: Pomatomus saltatrix Body Form or Style: The body shape is fairly long, stout, and compressed, with a flat-sided belly. Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:The mouth is large and has extremely sharp, flattened, and triangular teeth
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:60
Common Name: Bonefish Scientific Name: Albulavulpes Class:Actinopterygii Family: Albulidae
Order:Albuliformes Genus:Albula
Species:A.vulpes
Geography / Habitat: Occurring in warm coastal areas, bonefish inhabit the shallows ofintertidal waters, including around mud and sand flats, as well as in mangrovelagoons. They are also found in waters up to 30 feet deep and are able to live in oxygen-poor water because they possess lunglike bladders into which they can inhale air. Life Strategy:The particulars of bonefish reproduction are not well known, although it is thought that bonefish spawn from late winter to late spring, depending on locale. Food / Feed Strategy:Bonefish feed on crabs, shrimp, clams, shellfish, sea worms, sea urchins, and small fish. They prefer feeding during a rising tide, often doing so near mangroves.
Common Name: Bonefish Scientific Name:Albula vulpes Body Form or Style: The bonefish has armor plates, instead of scales Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:suckerlike mouth and snout-shaped nose
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:61
Common Name: Atlantic Bonito Scientific Name: Sarda sarda Class:Actinopterygii Family: Scombridae
Order:Perciformes Genus: sarda
Species:S.sarda
Geography / Habitat: Atlantic bonitooccur in brackish water andsaltwater, particularly intropical and temperatecoastal environs. Schoolingand migratory, they ofteninhabit surface inshorewaters. Life Strategy:Spawningoccurs from January through July. Bonito reach sexualmaturity at about 16 inches in length. Spawning usuallytakes place close to shore, in warm coastal waters. Food / Feed Strategy: Living in open waters, theAtlantic bonito feeds primarily at or near the surface, inschools that are often 15 to 20 miles offshore but are foundclose to shore as well. Adults prey on small schooling fishand will also eat squid, mackerel, menhaden, alewives,anchovies, silversides, and shrimp; in addition, they tend tobe cannibalistic. They feed during the day but are especiallyactive at dawn and dusk.
Common Name:Atlantic Bonito Scientific Name: Sarda sarda Body Form or Style: Completely scaled body a noticeably curved lateral line, and six to eight finletson the back and the belly between the anal fin and the tail. Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:62
Common Name: Pacific Bonito Scientific Name: Sarda chiliensis Class:Actinopterygii Family: Scombridae
Order:Perciformes Genus: Sarda
Species:S.c.lineolata
Geography / Habitat:Bonito live in surfaceto middle depths in theopen sea and are migratory. Older fish usually range fartherfrom the coast than dojuveniles. Bonito may arriveoff the coast in the spring asocean waters warm, butthey may not show up at allif oceanic conditions producecolder than normaltemperatures.Bonito, Their greatest areaof abundance occurs in theNorthern Hemisphere in warm waters between MagdalenaBay, Baja California,and Point Conception, California Life Strategy: Pacific bonito form schools bysize; at 2 years old, they reach sexual maturity. Spawningoccurs sometime between September and February. The free-floating eggs require about 3days to hatch at average spring water temperatures Food / Feed Strategy:Pacific bonito prey on smallerpelagic fish, as well as on squid and shrimp, generally in surfacewaters. Anchovies and sardines appear to be their preferredfoods.
Common Name:Pacific Bonito Scientific Name: Sarda chiliensis Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:63
Common Name: Sea Bream Scientific Name: Archosargus rhomboidalis Class: Actinopterygii Family: Sparidae
Order: Perciformes Genus: Acanthopagrus
Species:
Geography / Habitat: Sea breamare abundant in estuaries,and some are found indeeper, offshore waters.Some move up into brackishwater but not into freshwater.In the estuarine environment,bream frequentseagrass beds, underwaterreefs and rocks, bridge pilings that grow mussels, andoyster beds.Appears in thewestern Atlantic Ocean from the northeastern Gulf of Mexicoto Argentina, including the Caribbean and the WestIndies. Life Strategy:with spawning occuring at 24 hour intervals over a period of up to 3 months. Eggs hatch in the open sea from October to December, with sequenced spawning during the whole period. Females are batch spawners and lay between 20,000 and 80,000 eggs every day during this period. Incubation lasts for around 2 days. Egg size is approximately 1mm, with larval length at hatching around 3mm. Food / Feed Strategy:Are largely omnivorous and feed on crustaceans;crayfish; mollusks, including oysters and mussels;small fish; worms; and algae. Some will also eat bread,chicken gut, mullet gut, cheese, and meat, all of which aresometimes used for bait.
Common Name: Sea Bream Scientific Name: Archosargus rhomboidalis Body Form or Style: Its bluish back is streaked with gold, the belly is silvery,and there is a black spot on each side just above thepectoral fins. Swim / Locomotion Style: Depressiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:64
Common Name: Atlantic Bumper Scientific Name: Chloroscombrus chrysurus Class:actinopterygii Family: carangiclae
Order:Perciformes Genus: chloroscombrus
Species:C. chrysurus
Geography / Habitat: In the western Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic bumper are found north to Massachusetts, off Bermuda and south to Uruguay, aswell as in the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. Bumper are said to beabsent from the Bahamas and the Caribbean. The Pacific bumper ranges from Peru to California.Inhabiting brackish and saltwater, bumper occur over soft bottoms in shallow water. They arecommon in bays, lagoons,and estuaries. Life Strategy:Small bumper have been observed in offshore waters, but they frequently range along sandy beaches. They travel in extensive schools, and juveniles are often found in association with jellyfish.
Food / Feed Strategy:
Common Name: Atlantic Bumper Scientific Name:Chloroscombrus chrysurus Body Form or Style: doesn‟t have a high back, it has an extended belly and a very thin body. With anoverall silvery coloring Swim / Locomotion Style: Compressiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:65
Common Name: Butterfish Scientific Name: Peprilus trilustriacanthus Class:actinopterygii Family: stromateidae
Order:Perciformes Genus:Stromateus
Species:triacanthus
Geography / Habitat: Inhabiting the western Atlantic Ocean, butterfish occur in watersoff eastern Newfoundland and the Gulf of St. Lawrence in Canada, ranging downthe North American coast to Palm Beach, Florida. They are also found in the Gulf of Mexico.Butterfish liveand feed in large, dense schools along the coast in near-surface waters lessthan 180 feet deep and in the 40° to 74°F range. They may also inhabit brackishwaters and in the winter may move into deeper water. Juveniles are usually associated with floatingweeds and jellyfish Life Strategy:Spawning occurs once a year from May through August in offshore waters. The eggs float freely until they hatch within 2 days; juveniles enter coves or estuaries to conceal themselves in floating weeds and among jellyfish tentacles for protection from predators. Food / Feed Strategy:Feeding primarily on jellyfish,butterfish are one of very few fish that eat such low nutrition foods. Their diet also consists of assorted small worms, crustaceans, squid, shrimp, and fish.
Common Name: Butterfish Scientific Name:Peprilus triacanthus Body Form or Style:the butterfish has a very thin and deep body and a blunt head. Swim / Locomotion Style: Depressiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:66
Common Name: Pink Salmon Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Class:Actinopterygii Family: salmonidae
Order: salmoniformes Genus: oncorhynchus
Species:O. gorbuscha
Geography / Habitat:Pink salmon have been introduced to Newfoundland and to the western coast of Lake Superior and currently maintain populations in these locations;there have been sporadic reports of pink salmon in Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Quebec since their introduction into Newfoundland.These anadromous fish spend 18 months at sea and then undertake a spawning migration to the river or stream of their birth, although they sometimesuse other streams. They tend to migrate as far as 40 miles inland of coastal waters, occasionally moving farther. Life Strategy:spawning runs; these occur from July through mid-October in Alaska. Adults die soon after spawning. Food / Feed Strategy:They feed primarily on plankton, as well as on crustaceans, small fish, and squid. They do not feed during the spawning run.
Common Name: Pink Salmon Scientific Name:Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Body Form or Style: Has a hump that appears between the head and the dorsal fin and develops by the time the male enters the spawning stream, as does a hooked upper jaw, or kype. Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:67
Common Name: Capelin Scientific Name: mallotus villosus Class:actinopterygii Family: osmeriformes
Order:osmeriformes Genus: mallatus
Species:M. villosus
Geography / Habitat: Capelin are found in the North Atlantic, especially in the Barents Sea up to Beard Island; in theWhite and the NorwegianSeas; off the coast of Greenland; and from Hudson Bayto the Gulf of Maine. Inhabiting saltwater, capelin are pelagic and live in the open seas. Life Strategy:Between March and October, capelin move inshore in large schools to spawn in shallow saltwater areas over fine gravel or on sand beaches; however, some may spawn at great depths. Spawning occurs more than once, and each female produces between 3,000 and 56,000 eggs; these are released at high tide and hatch in 2 to 3 weeks. Food / Feed Strategy:Capelin feed primarily on plankton crustaceans.
Common Name:Capelin Scientific Name: mallotus villosus Body Form or Style: Males have larger and deeper bodies than do females; also, the male has an anal fin with a strongly convex base, whereas the female has a straight anal fin base. Swim / Locomotion Style: Sagittiform Mouth Position:Has a large mouth with a lower jaw that extends below each eye.
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:68
Common Name: Pacific Sanddab Scientific Name: Class:
Citharichthyssoridus
Family: paralichthyidae
Order:pleuronect Genus: citharichthys
Species:
Geography / Habitat:These flatfish are found on sand bottoms in water that ranges from 30 to 1,800 feet deep, but they are most abundant atdepths of 120 to 300 feet. They are common in shallow coastal water from British Columbia toCalifornia. Life Strategy: Females are larger than males and normally mature at age 3, at roughly 8 inches in length. They produce numerous eggs, and each fish probably spawns more than once in a season. The peak of the spawning season is July through September. Food / Feed Strategy: The diet of Pacific sanddabs is wide ranging and includes small fish, squid, octopus, shrimp, crabs, andworms.
Common Name:Pacific Sanddab Scientific Name: citharichthys soridus Body Form or Style: The body of the Pacific Sanddab is oblongand compressed. Swim / Locomotion Style: Depressiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:69
Common Name: Gafftopsail Catfish Scientific Name: Bagre marinus Class:actinopterygii Family: ariidae
Order:siluriformes Genus: bagre
Species:B. marinus
Geography / Habitat: These fish range along the western Atlantic coast from Cape Cod to Panama andthroughout the Gulf of Mexico, being abundant along Louisiana and Texas. Prefer deeper channels, particularly brackish water in baysand estuaries with sandy bottoms of high organic content. They prefer water temperatures between 68°and 95°F. Life Strategy:Gafftopsail catfish move in large schools and migrate from bays and estuaries to shallow open waters of the Gulf of Mexico in the winter. This movement and migration in gulf coastal and estuarine waters are related to spawning activity and environmental conditions. Spawning takes place in the waters of inshore mud flats between April and July and has some unusual characteristics. Food / Feed Strategy:Crabs, shrimp, and various small fish make up their diet, but like all catfish, gafftopsails have broad dietary interests.
Common Name: Gafftopsail Catfish Scientific Name: Bagre marinus Body Form or Style: Compressiform. a robust body, with a depressed broad head, featuring a few flattened barbels Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:70
Common Name: Milkfish Scientific Name: chanos chanos Class:Actinopterygii Family: chanidae
Order:gonorynohiformes Genus: chanos
Species:C. chanos
Geography / Habitat: In the eastern Pacific, milkfish occur from San Pedro, California, to the Galápagos Islands.Adults travel in schools along continental shelves and around islands where there are well developed reefs and where temperatures exceed 68°F. Milkfish flourish in water a shot as 90°F. Life Strategy:Milkfish spawn in shallow, brackish water, and a single fish may produce 9 million eggs. Food / Feed Strategy:Milkfish larvae feed on zooplankton, whereas juveniles and adults eat bacteria, soft algae, small benthic invertebrates, and sometimes pelagic fish eggs and larvae.
Common Name: Milkfish Scientific Name: chanos chanos Body Form or Style: a streamlined and compressedbody Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:a small, toothless mouth
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:71
Common Name: Atlantic Cod Scientific Name: Gadus Morhua Class:actinopterygii Family: gadidae
Order:gadiformes Genus: gadus
Species:G. morhua
Geography / Habitat: These fish are found primarily off the coasts along the continental shelf. They prefer cool water of 30° to 50°F and may reside in depths of up to 200 fathoms. Adults are generally found in water over 60 feet deep, whereas juveniles may be found inshallower water; both movedeeper during the summer. Life Strategy:The spawning season is during December and January off the Mid-Atlantic Bight and from February through April farther north. Food / Feed Strategy:Omnivorous feeders, cod are primarily active at dawn and dusk. Their primary diet is invertebrates and assorted fish. Very young cod feed on copepods and other small crustaceans while at the surface and, after dropping to the bottom, on small worms or shrimp.
Common Name:Atlantic Cod Scientific Name: Gadus Morhua Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:72
Common Name: Striped Mullet Scientific Name: mugil cephalus Class:Actinopterygii Family: Mugilidae
Order:mugiliformes Genus: mugil
Species:M. cephalus
Geography / Habitat: The striped mullet is cosmopolitan in all warm seas worldwide and isthe only member of the mullet family found off the Pacific coast of the United States. The fantail mulletoccurs in the western Atlantic in Bermuda and from Florida and the northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil. Life Strategy:Mullet are schooling fish found inshore in coastal environs. Many species have the unusual habit of leaping from the water with no apparent cause. Adult striped mullet migrate offshore in large schools to spawn. Food / Feed Strategy:Mullet feed on algae, detritus, and other tiny marine forms; they pick up mud from the bottom and strain plant and animal material from it through their sievelike gill rakers and pharyngeal teeth.
Common Name:Striped Mullet Scientific Name: mugil cephalus Body Form or Style: Cpmpressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:73
Common Name: Roosterfish Scientific Name: mematistius pectoralis Class:Actinopterygii Family: nematisiidae
Order:Perciformes Genus: N. pectoralis
Species:N. pectoralis
Geography / Habitat: Endemic tothe eastern Pacific, roosterfish occur from SanClemente in Southern California to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands; theyare rare north of Baja California,Mexico.Roosterfish inhabit shallow inshore areas, such as sandy shores along beaches. They areoften found around rock outcroppings and rocky islands. Young fish are often found in tidal pools. Life Strategy:
Food / Feed Strategy:Roosterfish consume assorted small fish, with large roosters (50 pounds and over) being capable of capturing even bonito up to 2 pounds in size.
Common Name: Roosterfish Scientific Name: mematistius pectoralis Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:74
Common Name: Rainbow Runner Scientific Name: elagatis bipinnulata Class:Actinopterygii Family: carangidae
Order:Perciformes Genus: elagatis
Species:E. bipinnulata
Geography / Habitat: Found worldwide in marine waters, the rainbow runner occurs in the western Atlantic, from Massachusetts throughoutthe northern Gulf of Mexico to northeastern Brazil. In the eastern Pacific, it occurs from the mouth of the Gulfof California, Mexico, toEcuador, including the Galapagos Islands. Rainbow runners form either small polarized groups or large schools that usually remain at or near the surface, although they can inhabit depths of up to 120 feet. They occur overreefs and in deep, clear lagoons, preferring areas with a current. Life Strategy:
Food / Feed Strategy: Rainbow runners feed on invertebrates, small fish, and squid.
Common Name:Rainbow Runner Scientific Name: elagatis bipinnulata Body Form or Style: The rainbow runner has slender body that is more elongated than those of most other jacks. Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:75
Common Name: Sailfish Scientific Name: istiophorus playpterrus Class:Actinopterygii Family: istiophorus
Order:Perciformes Genus: istiophorus
Species:I. playtpterus
Geography / Habitat:Sailfish occur worldwide in tropical and temperatewaters of the Atlantic, the Indian, and the Pacific Oceans. Life Strategy:Like other pelagic species that spawn in the open sea, the sailfish produces large numbers of eggs, perhaps 4 to 5 million. These are fertilized in the open water, where they float with plankton until hatching. Sailfish grow rapidly and reportedly can attain 4 to 5 feet in length in their first year. Food / Feed Strategy:Sailfish eat squid, octopus, mackerel, tuna, jacks, herring, ballyhoo, needlefish, flying fish, mullet, and other small fish. They feed on the surface or at mid-depths.
Common Name:Sailfish Scientific Name: istiophorus playpterrus Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunnifrom Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:76
Common Name: Atlantic Salmon Scientific Name: salmo salar Class: Actinopterygii Family: salmonidae
Order: salmoniformes Genus: salmo
Species:S. salar
Geography / Habitat: Atlantic salmon spend most of their lives in the ocean, ascending coastal rivers tospawn. They are found in freshwater only during their spawning runs. Life Strategy:Spawning usually occurs in gravel bottoms at the head of riffles or the tail of a pool in the evening or at night. Exhausted and thin, they often return tosea immediately before winter or remain in the stream until spring. Some survive to spawn a second time. Food / Feed Strategy:In the ocean, salmon grow rapidly, feeding on crustaceans and other fish such as smelt, alewives, herring, capelin, mackerel, and cod. They do not feed during their upstream spawning migration.
Common Name:Atlantic Salmon Scientific Name: salmo salar Body Form or Style: Compressiform, Its body is long and slim, and in adults the caudal or tail fin is nearly square Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:77
Common Name: Silver Perch Scientific Name: bairdiellla chrysoura Class:Actinopterygii Family: terapontidae
Order:Perciformes Genus: Bidyanus
Species:B. bidyanus
Geography / Habitat: Silver perch occur from New York southward along the Atlantic coast and also in the Gulf ofMexico.The silver perch is an inshore fish, most common in bays, seagrass beds tidal creeks, small rivers, and quiet lagoons near estuaries. It is sometimes found in brackish marshesand also occasionally infreshwater. Life Strategy: The silver perch migrates offshore in the winter and returns inshore to breed in the spring. Spawning occurs inshore between May and September in shallow, saline areas. Silver perch reach maturity by their second or third year, when 6 inches long. Food / Feed Strategy: Adults consume crustaceans, worms, and small fish.
Common Name: Silver Perch Scientific Name:Bairdiellla chrysoura Body Form or Style: The body of the silver perch is high andcompressed Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:78
Common Name: Pilot Fish Scientific Name: naucrates doctor Class:Actinopterygii Family: carangidae
Order:Perciformes Genus: naucrates
Species:N. ductor
Geography / Habitat: Warm or tropical open seas Life Strategy:The pilot fish congregates around sharks, rays, and sea turtles, where it eats ectoparasites on and leftovers around the host species; younger pilot fish are usually associated with jellyfish and drifting seaweeds. They are also known to follow ships, sometimes for huge distances Food / Feed Strategy:is carnivorous and follows sharks and ships apparently to feed on parasites and leftover scraps of food. It was formerly thought to lead, or “pilot,” larger fishes to food sources.
Common Name: Pilot Fish Scientific Name: naucrates ductor Body Form or Style:The pilot fish is elongated and has a forked tail Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:79
Common Name: Eulachon Scientific Name: Thaleichthys pacificus Class:Actinopterygii Family: Osmeridae
Order:Osmeriformes Genus:Thaleichthys
Species:T. pacificus
Geography / Habitat: This fish iscommon throughout coolnorthern Pacific waters,with a range from west ofSt. Matthews Island andKuskokwim Bay in theBering Sea, and Bowers Bank in the Aleutian Islandsto Monterey Bay inCalifornia.This fish is foundnear shore and in coastalinlets and rivers. It spendsits life at sea prior tospawning. Life Strategy:Eulachon, as anadromous fish, spend most of their adult lives in the ocean but return to their natal freshwater streams and rivers to spawn and die. As such, one stream may see regular large runs of eulachon while a neighboring stream sees few or none at all. Regular annual runs are common but not entirely predictable, and occasionally a river which has large runs sees a year with no returns; the reasons for such variability are not known. Food / Feed Strategy:The eulachon feeds on planktonic crustaceans.It foms an important part of the diet of many ocean and shore predators, and serves as a prominent food source for people living near its spawning streams.
Common Name: Eulachon Scientific Name: Thaleichthys pacificus Body Form or Style: The eulachon is a small slender fish, with stubby adipose fin just in front of the tail Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:The lower jawprojects slightly beyond the tip of the snout
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:80
Common Name: Gulf Flounder Scientific Name: Class:
Paralichthys albigutta
Family:
Order: Genus:
Species:
Geography / Habitat: Gulf flounderinhabit sand, coral rubble,and seagrass areas nearshore. They often range intotidal reefs and are occasionallyfound around nearshorerocky reefs. They commonlyfavor depths of up to 60feet. Life Strategy: Spawning season is in the winter offshore.
Food / Feed Strategy: The gulf flounder feeds on crustaceans and smallfish.
Common Name: Gulf Flounder Scientific Name: Paralichthys albigutta Body Form or Style: Depressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #: 81
Common Name: Southern Flounder Scientific Name: Paralichthys lethostigma Class: Actinopterygii Family: Achiropsettidae
Order: Pleuronectiformes Genus:Paralichthys
Species: P. lethostigma
Geography / Habitat:As an estuarinedependentbottom fish,the southern flounder commonlyinhabits inshorechannels, bay mouths,estuaries, and sometimesfreshwater. It is tolerant of awide range of temperatures(50° to 90°F) and is oftenfound in waters where salinitiesfluctuate from 0 to 20parts per thousand. Noother flounder of the easternUnited States is regularlyencountered in thistype of environment.Anglers regularly catch thisfish inshore from bridgesand jetties. Life Strategy:Southern flounder spawn in offshorewaters. In the northern Gulf of Mexico, they move out ofbays and estuaries in the fall; this occurs quickly if there is anabrupt cold snap, but it happens more slowly if there isgradual cooling. Spawning occurs afterward, in the late fall and the early winter. A female typically releases several hundredthousand eggs, which hatch and migrate into theestuaries and change from upright swimmers into left-eyedbottom dwellers.
Food / Feed Strategy:The southern flounder feedspartly by burying itself in the sand and waiting to ambushits prey. Small flounder consume shrimp and other smallcrustaceans, whereas larger flounder eat blue crabs, shrimp,and fish such as anchovies, mullet, menhaden, Atlanticcroaker, and pinfish.
Common Name: Southern Flounder Scientific Name:Paralichthys lethostigma Body Form or Style: Depressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title: Saltwater
Species #: 82
Common Name: Starry Flounder Scientific Name: Platichthys stellatus Class: Actinopterygii Family: Pleuronectidae
Order: Pleuronectiformes Genus:Platichthys
Species: P. stellatus
Geography / Habitat: It is usually foundnear shore over mud, sand,or gravel bottoms. Oftenentering brackish or freshwater,the starry flounder ismost abundant in shallowwater but can be found indepths of at least 900 feet.Juveniles are often intertidal. The starryflounder ranges from centralCalifornia to Alaska, andsouth from the Bering Seato Japan and Korea. This isone of the most numerous fish of central Northern Californiabackwaters, particularlyin San Francisco Bay Life Strategy:Spawning occurs in the late winterand the early spring in California waters less than 25 fathomsdeep. Food / Feed Strategy:Adult starry flounder consume a variety of items,including crabs, clams, shrimp, and sand dollars. Large individualsalso eat some fish, such as sardines, sanddabs, andsurfperch.
Common Name: Starry Flounder Scientific Name: Platichthys stellatus Body Form or Style: Depressiform. ts head is pointed, and it has a small mouth. The anal spineis strong. The caudalfin is square or slightly rounded Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:83
Common Name: Black Grouper Scientific Name: Mycteroperca bonaci Class:Actinopterygii Family: Serranidae
Order:Perciformes Genus:Mycteroperca
Species:M. bonaci
Geography / Habitat: Black grouper arefound away from shore,near rocky and coral reefsand dropoff walls in watermore than 60 feet deep.Although black groupertypically drift just above thebottom, young fish mayinhabit shallow waterinshore, and adults occasionallyfrequent open waterfar above reefs.Blackgrouper occur fromBermuda and Massachusettsto southern Brazil, including the southern Gulfof Mexico Life Strategy:Black grouper spawn betweenMay and August. As in many species of grouper, the youngstart out predominantly female, transforming into males asthey grow larger. Food / Feed Strategy:Adult black grouper feedmainly on fish and sometimes squid, and juveniles feedmainly on crustaceans.
Common Name: Black Grouper Scientific Name: Mycteroperca bonaci Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:84
Common Name: Goliath Grouper Scientific Name: Epinephelus itajara Class:Actinopterygii Family: Serranidae
Order:Perciformes Genus:Epinophelus
Species:E. itajara
Geography / Habitat:Goliath grouper inhabit inshore waters andare usually found in shallowwater at depths between 10and 100 feet. They preferrocky bottoms, reefs, ledges,dock and bridge pilings, andwrecks, where they can findrefuge in caves and holes. Found in the estern Atlantic including the Gulf of Mexico, and the eastern Pacific. Life Strategy:There is some indication that the goliath grouper starts out as a female and undergoes a sex change later in life, as occurs in certain grouper. Spawning takes place over the summer months. Food / Feed Strategy:A sluggish but opportunistic feeder, the goliath grouper feeds chiefly on crustaceans, especially spiny lobsters, as well as on turtles, fish, and stingrays.
Common Name: Goliath Grouper Scientific Name: Epinephelus itajara Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:85
Common Name: Common Dolphin Scientific Name: Coryphaena hippurus Class:Actinopterygii Family: Coryphaenidae
Order:Perciformes Genus:Coryphaena
Species:C. hippurus
Geography / Habit: The commondolphin is found worldwidein tropical and subtropicalwaters. In the westernAtlantic, it occurs in areasinfluenced by the warmwaters of the Gulf Streamand has been caught as farnorth as Prince EdwardIsland and as far south asRío de Janeiro. In the easternPacific, it ranges from Peruto Oregon. Life Strategy: Spawning season begins primarily inthe spring or early summer and lasts several months inwarmer waters. Dolphins reach sexual maturity in their firstyear of life and produce a large volume of eggs.Dolphins are schooling fish and are often congregated inlarge numbers, sometimes by the thousands. Food / Feed Strategy:Common dolphin are extremely fast swimmers andfeed in pairs, small packs, and schools, extensively consuming whatever forage fishes are most abundant. Flyingfishand squid are prominent food in areas where these exist,and small fish and crustaceans that are around floating sargassum weed are commonly part of the diet, especially forsmaller dolphin. Dolphins are very aggressive feeders, andthey can move extremely fast to capture a meal.
Common Name: Common Dolphin Scientific Name: Coryphaena hippurus Body Form or Style: The body is slender and streamlined, tapering sharply form head to tail. Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:86
Common Name: Black Drum Scientific Name: Pogonias cromis Class:Actinopterygii Family: Sciaenidae
Order:Perciformes Genus:Pogonias
Species:P. cromis
Geography / Habitat: Black drumare found in the westernAtlantic Ocean, from Massachusetts to southernFlorida and across the Gulfof Mexico to northern Mexico. They rarely occur northof New Jersey.An inshore bottom fish, the black drumprefers sandy bottoms insalt or brackish waters near jetties, breakwaters, bridgeand pier pilings, clam andoyster beds, channels, estuaries, bays, high marshareas, and shorelines. Life Strategy:Black drum adults form schoolsand migrate in the spring to bay and river mouths for thespawning season; in the Gulf of Mexico this is from February to May. Food / Feed Strategy:Adult black drum feed on crustaceans and mollusks, with a preference for blue crabs,shedder crabs, shrimp, oysters, and squid. They locate foodwith their chin barbels and crush and grind shells with theirpharyngeal teeth.
Common Name: Black Drum Scientific Name:Pogonias cromis Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:87
Common Name: Crevalle Jack Scientific Name: Caranx hippos Class:Actinopterygii Family: Carangidae
Order:Perciformes Genus:Caranx
Species:C. hippos
Geography / Habitat: The crevalle jack is distributed across the tropical and temperate waters of the Atlantic Ocean, ranging from Nova Scotia, Canada to Uruguay in the west Atlantic and Portugal to Angola in the east Atlantic, including the Mediterranean Sea. Life Strategy:Spawning occurs offshore fromMarch through September. Young fish occur in moderate tolarge fast-moving schools, and crevalle jacks occasionallyschool with horse-eye jacks, although larger fish are oftensolitary. Food / Feed Strategy:They feedon shrimp, other invertebrates, and smaller fish. Crevallejacks will often corner a school of baitfish at the surface andfeed in a commotion that can be seen for great distances, orthey will chase their prey onto beaches and against sea-walls.
Common Name: Crevalle Jack Scientific Name: Caranx hippos Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:88
Common Name: King Mackerel Scientific Name: Scomberomorus cavalla Class:Actinopterygii Family: Scombridae
Order:Perciformes Genus:Scomberomorus
Species:S. cavalla
Geography / Habitat: King mackerelare primarily an open-water,migratory species, preferringwarm waters that seldomfall below 68°F. They oftenoccur around wrecks, buoys,coral reefs, ocean piers,inlets, and other areaswhere food is abundant.In the western Atlantic, king mackerelrange from Massachusettsto Río de Janeiro, Brazil,including the Caribbeanand the Gulf of Mexico,although they are only trulyabundant off southernFlorida. Life Strategy:Male king mackerel become sexually mature between their second and third years andfemale fish between their third and fourth years. Theyspawn from April through November, and activity peaks inthe late summer and the early fall. A large female mayspawn 1 to 2.5 million eggs. Food / Feed Strategy:King mackerel feed mainly on fish, as well as on asmaller quantity of shrimp and squid.
Common Name: King Mackerel Scientific Name: Scomberomorus cavalla Body Form or Style: Fusiform. The streamlined body is dark gray above and silver on the sides. Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:89
Common Name: Blue Marlin Scientific Name: Makaira nigricans and Makaira mazara Class:Actinopterygii Order:Perciformes Family: Istiophoridae
Genus:Makaira
Species:M. nigricans
Geography / Habitat: This species occurs in tropicaland warm temperateoceanic waters. In the Atlantic Ocean, it is foundfrom 45°north to 35°southlatitude and in the PacificOcean from 48°north to 48°south latitude. It is lessabundant in the easternportions of both oceans. Inthe northern Gulf of Mexico. Life Strategy: Food / Feed Strategy:Blue marlin feed on squidand pelagic fish, including assorted tuna and mackerel, aswell as on dolphin. They feed on almost anything they cancatch, in fact, and they feed according to availability, ratherthan selectivity. Because they require large quantities offood, they are scarce when and where prey is limited.
Common Name: Blue Marlin Scientific Name: Makaira nigricans and Makaira mazara Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style:Thunniform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:90
Common Name: Tiger Shark Scientific Name: Galeocerdo cuvier Class:Chondrichthyes Family: Carcharhinidae
Order:Carcharhiniformes Genus:Galeoderdo
Species:G. cuvier
Geography / Habitat: The tiger shark frequents shallow water where people swim in tropical and temperate waters. The tiger shark is often found close to the coast, in mainly tropical and sub-tropical waters worldwide, though they can reside in temperate waters.
Life Strategy:Although some sharks will attack and kill humans withoutnecessarily eating them, the tiger shark is especially fear-some because it is well known as a man-eater, often devouring the remains of its victims. Food / Feed Strategy: Its usual diet consists of fish, seals, birds, smaller sharks, squid, turtles, and dolphins. It has sometimes been found with man-made waste such as license plates or pieces of old tires in its digestive tract and is often referred to as "the wastebasket of the sea".
Common Name: Tiger Shark Scientific Name Galeocerdo cuvier: Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position:
Title: Saltwater
Species #:91
Common Name: The Great White Shark Scientific Name: Carcharodon carcharias Class:Chondrichthyes Family: Lamnidae
Order:Lamniformes Genus:Carcharodon
Species:C. carcharias
Geography / Habitat: Life Strategy:These sharks primarily inhabit coastal regions where the water temperature ranges. However, they are found in large numbers around the southern coast of Australia, California, South Africa, and Mexico. The maximum population inhabits the coastal region around the Dyer Island in South Africa. Life Strategy:This shark is ovoviviparous. Females give birth to 4 to 14 live pups and may only reproduce 4 to 6 litters in a lifetime. White sharks reach sexual maturity at 10 to 12 years of age. Food / Feed Strategy:The white shark preys upon a variety of fishes and marine mammals. Fish such as salmon, hake, halibut, mackerel and tunas are common prey, as are marine mammals such as harbor porpoises and harbor seals. However whites also eat other sharks, sea turtles and seabirds. They may also feed upon blubber from dead whale carcasses. Examination of the stomach contents of one great white caught off Deer Island, New Brunswick revealed three porpoises within it.
Common Name: The Great White Shark Scientific Name: Carcharodon carcharias Body Form or Style: Sagittitorm Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:92
Common Name: Swordfish Scientific Name: Xiphias gladius Class:Actinopterygii Family: Xiphiidae
Order:Perciformes Genus:Xiphias
Species:X. gladius Geography / Habitat: Swordfishoccur in tropical, temperate,and occasionally coldwaters of the Atlantic, thePacific, and the IndianOceans. They generallymigrate between coolerwaters in the summer towarmer waters in the winteror spawning. In the AtlanticOcean, swordfish rangefrom Canada to Argentina.They typically inhabitwaters from 600 to 2,000feet deep and are believedto prefer waters where thesurface temperature isabove 58°F, Life Strategy:Swordfish swim alone or in looseaggregations, separated by as much as 40 feet from aneighboring swordfish. They are frequently found baskingat the surface, airing their first dorsal
Food / Feed Strategy:Swordfish feed daily, mostoften at night. They may rise to surface and nearsurfacewaters in search of smaller fish or prey upon abundant for-age at depths to 1,200 feet. Squid is the most popular fooditem, but they also feed on menhaden, mackerel, bluefish,silver hake, butterfish, herring, and dolphin.
Common Name: Swordfish Scientific Name: Xiphias gladius Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:93
Common Name: Blackfin Tuna Scientific Name: Thunnus atlanticus Class:Actinopterygii Family: Scombridae
Order:Periciformes Genus:Thunnus
Species:T. atlanticus Geography / Habitat: The blackfin is a pelagic,schooling fish that occurs inthe tropical and warm temperate waters of thewestern Atlantic from Brazilto Cape Cod, including theCaribbean and the Gulf ofMexico. It is most commonfrom North Carolina southand is Florida‟s most abundant tuna. Life Strategy:The blackfin‟s spawning grounds arebelieved to be well offshore. Off Florida, the spawning season extends from April through November, with a peak inMay; in the Gulf of Mexico, it lasts from June through September. Food / Feed Strategy:The diet of blackfin tuna consists of small fish, squid, crustaceans, and plankton. Blackfinoften feed near the surface, and they frequently form largemixed schools with skipjacks.
Common Name: Blackfin Tuna Scientific Name Thunnus atlanticus Body Form or Style:Fusiform, have football shaped bodies, black backs with a slight yellow on the finlets, and have yellow on the sides of their body Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:94
Common Name: Stingray Scientific Name: Class:Chondrichthyes Family: Dasyatidae
Order:Rajiformes Genus:
Species:
Geography / Habitat: Sand and mud bottoms from intertidal to 20m. Inhabits coastal areas, estuaries, and rivers. Capable of existing year round in freshwater environments. Life Strategy:Ovoviviparous. Male often follows female with his snout close to her cloaca and nibbles and bites her disc. Breading period from October to March. Gestation period April to August. Gives birth from mid to late summer in Florida Food / Feed Strategy:
Common Name: Stingray Scientific Name: Body Form or Style: Depressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Octraciiform Mouth Position:mouth, nostrils, and gill slits are situated on its underbelly
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:95
Common Name: Clown fish Scientific Name: Amphiprion ocellaris Class:Actinopterygii Family: Pomacentridae
Order:Perciformes Genus:Amphiprion
Species:A. ocellaris
Geography / Habitat: Clownfish live among the stinging tentacles of the anemone but are not harmed due to a secretion that covers their bodies. Life Strategy:Clownfish lay their eggs in batches on the clear coral or rock adjacent to the anemone, or at the base of the male guards the eggs until they hatch 4-5 days later. In some species of clownfish, the male cares for the young until they reach sexual maturity, at which time they leave to find their own host anemone. Food / Feed Strategy:It catches most of its food by cooperating with its host anemone. The clownfish will leave the safety of the anemone's tentacles and swim out among the nearby reef. Its brilliant colors attract larger fish, who, lured by the thought of a meal, follow it back to the anemone and are stung by the anemone one's tentacles. The anemone then consumes the fish, and the clownfish feeds on the remains.
Common Name: Clownfish Scientific Name: Amphiprion ocellaris Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:96
Common Name: Rockfish Scientific Name: Sebastes paucispinis Class:Actinopterygii Family:
Order:Perciformes Genus:Sebastes
Species:S. paucispinis
Geography / Habitat: Generally live in the waters of the continental shelf and are always found in rocky bottom areas. They are found along the coasts of North America in the Pacific waters. Life Strategy:
Food / Feed Strategy:Adult rockfish feed on a variety of food items. Adultsfeed on sand lance, herring, and small rockfish, as well ascrustaceans.
Common Name: Rockfish Scientific Name: Sebastes paucispinis Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:97
Common Name: Needlefish Scientific Name: trongylura marina Class:Actinopterygii Family: Belonidae
Order:Beloniformes Genus:tylosurus
Species:T. marina
Geography / Habitat: In Alabama, the Atlantic needlefish is usually found near the surface of large rivers and in the lower reaches of large tributaries, preferring open water. Is common inhabitant of coastal waters from Maine to Brazil. In Alabama it has invaded fresh waters, occurring in coastal rivers and estuarine environments, in the Mobile basin upstream to the Fall Line, and in the Tennessee River drainage. Life Strategy:Spawning occurs in late spring and summer, when females produce sinking, filamentous eggs that attach themselves to each other or to submerged objects. Food / Feed Strategy:All needlefish feed primarily on smaller fishes, which they catch with a sideways sweep of the head. In addition some species will also take plankton, swimming crustaceans, and small cephalopods.
Common Name: Needlefish Scientific Name: trongylura marina Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater
Species #:98
Common Name: Spotted Seatrout Scientific Name:
Cynoscion nebulosus
Class:Actinopterygii
Order:Periformes
Family: Sciaenidae
Genus:Cynoscion
Species:C. nabulosus
Geography / Habitat: Found around the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts. They are mostly abundant along the coasts of Georgia, Florida, Alabama, and Texas. They are bottom dwelling species. It prefers sandy and grassy bottoms. Life Strategy:Spotted seatrout are schooling fish and are not considered migratory, as they rarely move more than 30 miles,although they do move into deeper waters or deep holes toavoid cold temperatures. Juveniles spend 2 to 4 years inshallow, grassy areas and then tend to move into thenearshore passes and along beaches. Food / Feed Strategy: Spotted seatrout are predatory,feeding primarily on shrimp and small fish. When shrimpare scarce, they often consume mullet, menhaden, and silversides. The larger specimens feed more heavily on fish.Juveniles feed on grass shrimp and copepods.
Common Name: Spotted Seatrout Scientific Name: Cynoscion nebulosus Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position:
Title: Saltwater
Species #:99
Common Name: Bull Shark Scientific Name: Carcharhinus leucas Class:Chondrichtyes Family: Carcharhinidae
Order:Carcharhiniformes Genus:Carcharhinus
Species:C. leucas
Geography / Habitat: Bull sharks are widespread; they inhabit the westernAtlantic from Massachusetts to southern Brazil, and theeastern Pacific from southern Baja California, Mexico, to Ecuador and possibly Peru. Life Strategy: Food / Feed Strategy:
Common Name: Bull Shark Scientific Name: Carcharhinus leucas Body Form or Style: Sagittitorm Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Bottom
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:100
Common Name: Anemone Shrimp Scientific Name: Lysmata debelius Class:Malacostraca Family: Hippolytidae
Order:Decapoda Genus:Lysmata
Species:L. debelius
Geography / Habitat: Live in the tentacles of an anemoneIt rarely wanders far from its host,
surviving by scavenging scraps that the anemone cannot eat. Life Strategy: Uses an anemone for its protection, home, and food. It will eat any food left over from the anemone as well as any waste produced by it.
Food / Feed Strategy: Eats leftover food and waste produced by its host the anemone.
Common Name: anemone shrimp Scientific Name: Lysmata debelius Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:101
Common Name: Arrow Crab Scientific Name: Stenorhynchus Seticornis Class:Malacostraca Family: Majidae
Order:Decapoda Genus:Stenorhynchus
Species:S. Seticornis
Geography / Habitat: Can be found in coral reefs at depths of 10 and 50 feet in the Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea. In North America they can be found in coral reefs on the coast of Texas and Florida. Life Strategy:During the day this crab hides under ledges, sea fans, and on sponges. At night these creatures start scavenging for food. Though mainly a scavenger, Arrow crab can also be predatory. Food / Feed Strategy: They can be seen feeding on small sea animals such as the feather duster worm or the bristle worm. Although the Arrow crab is territorial and unfriendly to other sea creatures, it is not threatened or startled by sea divers
Common Name: Arrow Crab Scientific Name:Stenorhynchus Seticornis Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title: Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:102
Common Name: Starfish Scientific Name: Narda variolata Class: Family:
Order: Genus:variolata
Species: N. variolata
Geography / Habitat: The starfish lives everywhere in the coral reef and on sand or rocks. Life Strategy: Has the ability to grow a body part that has been lost. Is asexual reproduction in which an outgrowth on the parent organism breaks off to form a new individual Food / Feed Strategy: The majority of sea stars is carnivorous and feed on sponges, bryozoans, ascidians and molluscs. Other starfishes are detritus feeders (detritus = organically enriched film that covers rocks) or scavengers. Some starfish are specialized feeders, for example the crown-of-thorns that feeds on life coral polyps.Starfish has no hard mouth parts to help them capture prey. The stomach is extruded over the prey, thus surrounding the soft parts with the digestive organs. Digestive juices are secreted and the tissue of the prey liquefied. The digested food mass, together with the stomach is then sucked back in. This method can be observed, if you turn around a starfish, that sits on prey or sand you will see the stomach retreating.
Common Name: Starfish Scientific Name: Narda variolata Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:103
Common Name: Basket Star Scientific Name: Gorgonocephalus eucnemis Class:Ophiuroidae Family:
Order:Phrynophiurida Genus:eucnemis
Species:G. eucnemis
Geography / Habitat: on rocks in current
Life Strategy: Arms break off and can be regenerated, Shed eggs and sperm into the water. They can reproduce asexually by division. Food / Feed Strategy:Plankton and detritus
Common Name:Basket Star Scientific Name: Gorgonocephalus eucnemis Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:104
Common Name: Blue Legged Hermit Crab Scientific Name: Clibanarius Tricolor Class:Malacostraca Family: Crustaceans
Order:Decapoda Genus:Clibanarius
Species:C. Tricolor
Geography / Habitat: Shallow waters of the Caribbean Sea. Life Strategy:The Blue-Legged Hermit is the most commonly sold reef scavenger hermit. They do serve the role of being a scavenger well and help to keep the algae in the tank under control. BlueLegged Hermits are known to occasionally kill and eat snails. Food / Feed Strategy:They spend the day foraging for algae and misc. scraps that may come their way.
Common Name: Blue Legged Hermit Crab Scientific Name: Clibanarius Tricolor Body Form or Style: Flat bodied Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:105
Common Name: Feather Star Scientific Name: Stephanometra echinus Class: Family:
Order: Genus: echinus
Species: S. echinus
Geography / Habitat: Feather stars are very abundant in areas exposed to periodic strong currents, because they feed on plaktonic food. Life Strategy: Feather stars are primarily nocturnal but they are seen in the open during the day with their arms rolled up. Feather stars can crawl, roll, walk and even swim but usually they cling to sponges or corals Food / Feed Strategy: feed on plaktonic food
Common Name: Feather Star Scientific Name: Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:106
Common Name: Martha’s sea urchin Scientific Name: Echinometra mathael Class:
Order:
Family:
Genus: mathael
Species: E. mathael
Geography / Habitat: Low tides on rocks.
Life Strategy:Locomotion by tube feet but also by movement of the spines on the underside of the body. Sea urchins are generally nocturnal, during the day they hide in crevices. However some sea urchins such as Diadema sometimes form large aggregations in open exposed areas. Despite their sharp spines sea urchins are easy game for some fishes, particularly triggerfishes and puffers. Some sea urchins are camouflaged. They hold on with their tube feet onto some bottom debris like rubble or pieces of seagrass and carry them on their back. Some even carry live soft corals or anemones.
Food / Feed Strategy:Most sea urchins are algal grazers but some feed on sponges, bryozonans and ascidians and others on detritus (detritus = organically enriched film that covers rocks)
Common Name: Martha‟s sea urchin Scientific Name: Echinometra mathael Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:a centrally located jaw (called Aristotle's lantern) with horny teeth. The mouth consists of a complex arrangement of muscles and plates surrounding the circular opening.
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:107
Common Name: Sea cucumber Scientific Name: Bohadschia argus Class: Family:
Order: Genus:argus
Species: B. argus
Geography / Habitat: Rubble, rocks and sand. Also seen on some sponges in large aggregations. Life Strategy:Some species of holothurians have separate sexes others are hermaphrodites. The sea cucumbers hold on to exposed rocks or corals, raise their body to a upright position, rock back and forth and release the sperm and eggs into the sea. Sea cucumbers have a remarkable capacity for regenerating their body parts. When attacked they shed a sticky thread like structure which is actually parts of their guts. The so-called Cuverian threads are toxic (the poison is called holothurin) and can dissuade many potential predators. These structures quickly regenerate. Food / Feed Strategy:Most species feed on the rich organic film coating sandy surfaces. The crawl over the bottom ingesting sand. The edible particles (organic matter such as plankton, foraminifera and bacteria) are extracted when passing through their digestive tract and the processed sand is expelled from the anus (as worm-like excrements).
Common Name: Sea cucumber Scientific Name: Bohadschia argus Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style:Sea cucumbers move by means of tube feet which extend in rows from the underside of the body Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:108
Common Name: Flame Scallop Scientific Name: Lima Scabra Class:Bivalvia Family: Limidae
Order:Limoida Genus:Lima
Species: L. Scabra
Geography / Habitat: The flame scallop is found in the Caribbean Sea.Flame scallops rest in their own nests made of small coral and rocks Life Strategy: To escape predators or harm, the flame scallop‟s valves are used. Flame scallops push their valves together to propel themselves away from dangerous situations. Their predators are crabs and shrimp. Food / Feed Strategy: The omnivorous flame scallops eat only phytoplankton. During the consumption process, flame scallops sift and sort through the phytoplankton with their gills to determine what is appropriate for ingestion
Common Name: Flame Scallop Scientific Name: Lima Scabra Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:109
Common Name: Moon Jellyfish Scientific Name: Aurelia aurita Class:Scyphozoa Family:
Order:coronatae Genus:Aurelia
Species:A. aurita
Geography / Habitat: Most live in shallow coastal waters, but some inhabit depths of 12,000 feet! There are also some freshwater jellyfish. Life Strategy: Most Jellyfish are asexual, with some exceptions, because some are sexual and release huge amounts of sperm into the water which consummate with female Jellyfish's eggs which are released in huge amounts as well. Most Jellyfish have both female and male reproductive systems Food / Feed Strategy: Jellyfish can, for example, prey on vertebrates, distribute food and oxygen to their tissues, remove metabolic wastes, sense changes in light and orientation, and use the sun to migrate. Most Jellyfish primarily drift throughout the water and feed on Zooplankton and microorganisms
Common Name: Jellyfish Scientific Name: Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:110
Common Name: Sand dollar Scientific Name: Echinarachnius parama Class:Echinoidae Family: Echinarachniidae
Order:Clypeasteroida Genus:Echinarachnius
Species:E. parma
Geography / Habitat: Native to the Northern Hemisphere. Found on the North American east coast form New Jersey, as well as Alaska, British Columbia, and Japan. It inhabits isolated areas on sandy bottoms below the low tide level down to a depth of 5,000 ft. Life Strategy:
Food / Feed Strategy:
Common Name: Sand Dollar Scientific Name: Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:111
Common Name: Giant Clam Scientific Name: Tridacna Derasa Class:Bivalvia Family: Tridacnidae
Order: Genus:Tridacna
Species:T. derasa
Geography / Habitat: Giant clams can be found all the way from East Africa to Fiji. Life Strategy:The giant clam has a system of channels, which branches out to all parts of its mantle, and the algae live in these channels. The clam can discard old algae if there are too many or if overheated, or retain all of them if it needs more.All giant clams start out as male, but then became a hermaphrodite. When spawning time arrives, chemical signals are released into the water, then some clams start releasing eggs and others release sperm, all within a space of about 20 minutes. An individual clam can't release its eggs and sperm at the same time, so this prevents the clam from fertilizing itself. The largest clams can release around 500 million eggs at one time. Food / Feed Strategy:Inside the clam is a water chamber with gills and a stomach. The gills absorb oxygen from the water and also filter out food particles and pass them to the mouth and stomach.
Common Name: Giant Clam Scientific Name: Tridacna Derasa Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:112
Common Name: Ghost Shrimp Scientific Name: callianassa californiensis Class: Family:
Order: Genus:callianassa
Species:c. califoriensis Geography / Habitat: ghost shrimp tunnel almost constantly, reworking the sediment to a depth of as much as 30 inches. Their burrows are attractive to other small invertebrates as well, both for protection from predators and for leftover food. Life Strategy:Can survive without oxygen for as long as six days. Food / Feed Strategy:They walk on the bottom and plants collecting small food particles which they then eat.
Common Name: Bay Ghost Shrimp Scientific Name: callanassa californiensis Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:113
Common Name: European Lobster Scientific Name: Homarus gammarus Class:Malacostraca Family: Nephropidae
Order:Decapoda Genus:Homarus
Species:H. gammarus
Geography / Habitat: The eastern Atlantic Ocean from the Tysfjord near Lofoten in northwestern Norway to the Azores and Morocco. It can also been found in the Mediterranean Sea west of Crete and in the northwestern parts of the Black Sea, but not in the Baltic Sea. It is rarely found deeper than 50 m, but can be found anywhere from the low tide mark to 150 m, on hard substrates made of rock or mud Life Strategy:nocturnal and territorial, living in holes or crevices in the sea floor during the day. In the summer, lobsters usually seek mates from rival corridors Food / Feed Strategy:The diet of the adult European lobster comprises mostly sea-bottom invertebrates such as crabs, molluscs, sea urchins, polychaete worms and starfish, but may also include fish and plants. When moulting, lobsters eat a greater proportion of sea urchins and starfish, as a source of calcium. Feeding is reduced in the winter because of the slower metabolic rate brought on by the lower sea temperatures.
Common Name: European Lobster Scientific Name: Homarus gammarus Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:114
Common Name: Cushion Star Scientific Name: Pteraster tesslatus Class: Family:
Order: Genus:pteraster
Species:p. tesselatus
Geography / Habitat: On rocks, subtidal 20 to 1400 feet deep, often in areas with strong currents.
Life Strategy:reproduction is a continuous one and begins when the female pumps eggs out through the osculum. The males then spawn. The fertilized eggs float to the surface of the water. Food / Feed Strategy:Has been observed feeding on encrusting sponges, bryozoans, hydroids, and colonial sea squirts; and less frequently on sea anemones, rock oysters, scallops, and solitary sea squirts
Common Name: Cushion Star Scientific Name: Pteraster tesselatus Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:115
Common Name: Bat Star Scientific Name: Asterina Miniata Class: Family:
Order: Genus:asterina
Species:a. miniata
Geography / Habitat: on rocks, sand and mud, on exposed coasts.
Life Strategy:Reproduce by spawning. The male broadcasts sperm and the female broadcasts eggs from pores near the bases of their arms.
Food / Feed Strategy:Feeds on plants and animals, both dead and alive. Algae and kelp are favorite foods
Common Name: Bat Star Scientific Name: Asterina miniata Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:116
Common Name: Sunflower Star Scientific Name: pycnopodia helianthoides Class: Family:
Order: Genus:oycnopodia
Species: p. helianthoides
Geography / Habitat: soft bottoms and rocky shores Life Strategy:A voracious feeder, preying on many large clams and crustaceans. Often digs out butterclams and leaves pits in sandy areas. A sunflower star can swallow an entire sea urchin, digest it internally and then expel the urchin's test - its external shell. Food / Feed Strategy:Eats crab, sea cucumbers, snails, chitons, bivalve, mollusks, purple sea urchins, and other sea stars.
Common Name: Sunflower Star Scientific Name: pycnopodia helianthoides Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:117
Common Name: Sea Pen Scientific Name: Ptilosarcus gurneyi Class: Family:
Order: Genus:ptilosarcus
Species:p. gurneyi
Geography / Habitat: Anchored in sand-mud, in substrate at least 3" deep
Life Strategy: They can retract fully into the sea bottom. Reproduction either by sexual or asexual means. The animals free-spawn and produce planktonic larvae that develop in the water column. Food / Feed Strategy:Eats Detritus, zooplankton and possibly phytoplankton
Common Name: Sea Pen Scientific Name: ptilosarcus gurneyi Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:118
Common Name: Octopus Scientific Name: octopus dofleini Class: Family:
Order: Genus:octopus
Species:o. dofleini
Geography / Habitat: Subtidal in rock caves; tidepools
Life Strategy:Fast swimmer, and can squirt an ink "fog screen". Can change color to camouflage to the surroundings. Uses tentacles for fighting. Separate sexes; internal fertilization
Food / Feed Strategy:Eats Mollusks, crabs, fishes
Common Name: Octopus Scientific Name: Octopus dofleini Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Saltwater Invertebrates
Species #:119
Common Name: Orangepeel Nudibranch Scientific Name:tochuina tetrquetra Class: Family:
Order: Genus:tochuina
Species:t. tetraquetra
Geography / Habitat: On rocks, shallow subtidal from Alaska to southern California where there is little light and little water movement Life Strategy: Secrete toxic chemicals to defend themselves. One defensive strategy that nudibranchs use is called 'cryptic coloration', otherwise known as camouflage. Many types of nudibranchs are colored to match their surroundings (which is usually also their food source) so they blend into their surroundings and are difficult for predators to spot. Food / Feed Strategy: Eats hydroids, soft coral and orange sea pens
Common Name: Orangepeel nudibranch Scientific Name: tochuina tetraquetra Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater Invertebrates
Species #:120
Common Name: Cherry Shrimp Scientific Name: Neocaridina heteropoda Class: Family: Atyidae
Order:Decapoda Genus:Neocaridina
Species:N. heteropoda
Geography / Habitat: From Taiwan, which is commonly kept in aquariums. They prefer water with a ph of 6.5-8 with a temperature of 65-85 degrees F. Life Strategy:They are omnivores that may live one to two years. They hide in aquatic plants especially after molting. Food / Feed Strategy:They eat algae and microorganisms which form plants.
Common Name: Cherry Shrimp Scientific Name: Neocaridina heteropoda Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater Invertebrates
Species #:121
Common Name: Black lobster Scientific Name: Class: Family:
Order: Genus:
Species:
Geography / Habitat: It is found in the rivers of North East Australia.
Life Strategy: They are generally peaceful animal and will rarely hunt for there food. They are territorial.
Food / Feed Strategy: They are omnivores and will normally wait for food that appears at the bottom of rivers.
Common Name: Black Lobster Scientific Name: Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: walking Mouth Position: front
Title: Freshwater Invertebrates
Species #:122
Common Name: Japanese mystery or trapdoor snail Scientific Name: Cipanqopaludina chinensis Class:Gastropoda Family: Viviparidae
Order:Achitaenioqlossa Genus:Cipangopaludina
Species:C. chinesis
Geography / Habitat: Freshwater snail with gills. Native to Southeast Asia. Life Strategy:uses shell for protection. They reproduce sexually and give birth to live young. Food / Feed Strategy:Primary algae eaters. Popular in tanks because they don‟t eat plants or fish eggs. They also will not populate in aquariums and they‟ll close up in their shell if there is something wrong with the water chemistry.
Common Name:Japanese mystery or trapdoor snail Scientific Name: Cipanqopaludina chinensis Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater Invertebrates
Species #:123
Common Name: Freshwater clam/mussel Scientific Name: Margaritifera Class:Bivalvia Family: Margaritifenide
Order:Unlonoida Genus:Marqaritifera
Species:M. margaritifera
Geography / Habitat: Most species of freshwater mussels live in runs and riffles of moderate size streams to large rivers. They live best where the bottom is a mixture of cobble, gravel, sand, and silt. They also like clean, fast moving water. Found in streams in Rhode Island and Massachusetts. Life Strategy:Mussels have an interesting life cycle. There are male and female mussels. The male mussel releases sperm that enters the female during the spawning period. The eggs are fertilized inside the female and develop into parasitic larvae called glochidia. The glochidia are released into the water and attach to fish. They live on the fish for about three weeks. Then they drop off when they become juveniles and can live freely. Since mussels are immobile this is the only way they can spread. Some species of mussels may live fifty years or more. Food / Feed Strategy:feed by filtering food and detritus from the water column. Their diet must be supplemented with a high-quality invertebrate food, an infusion mixture used for culturing daphnia, and/or green water.
Common Name: Clam Scientific Name: Margaritifera Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: Mouth Position:
Title:
Freshwater Invertebrates
Species #:124
Common Name: Blue Knight Lobster Scientific Name: Class: Family:
Order: Genus:
Species:
Geography / Habitat: Streams of New Guinea
Life Strategy: They burrow in to the ground, they are not too aggressive but they are very territorial.
Food / Feed Strategy: They hardly hunt for fish because they are too slow to catch them.
Common Name: Scientific Name: Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: walking Mouth Position: front
Title:
Freshwater Invertebrates
Common Name: Scientific Name: Class: Family: Species:
Geography / Habitat:
Life Strategy: Food / Feed Strategy:
Common Name: Scientific Name: Body Form or Style: Swim / Locomotion Style: walking Mouth Position: front
Species #:125
Order: Genus: