Brackish, Marine
Lethrinus nebulosus (Forsskål, 1775)
🗒 Synonyms
synonym | Lethrinus alboguttatus Valenciennes, 1830 |
synonym | Lethrinus amboinensis (non Bleeker, 1854) |
synonym | Lethrinus anatarius Richardson, 1845 |
synonym | Lethrinus aurolineatus Macleay, 1882 |
synonym | Lethrinus carinatus Weber, 1913 |
synonym | Lethrinus centurio Valenciennes, 1830 |
synonym | Lethrinus choerorynchus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) |
synonym | Lethrinus cyanoxanthus Richardson, 1843 |
synonym | Lethrinus devisianus Whitley, 1929 |
synonym | Lethrinus erythrurus Valenciennes, 1830 |
synonym | Lethrinus esculentus Valenciennes, 1830 |
synonym | Lethrinus fasciatus Valenciennes, 1830 |
synonym | Lethrinus fraenatus Valenciennes, 1830 |
synonym | Lethrinus frenatus Valenciennes, 1830 |
synonym | Lethrinus gothofredi Valenciennes, 1830 |
synonym | Lethrinus guentheri Bleeker, 1873 |
synonym | Lethrinus harak (non Forsskål, 1775) |
synonym | Lethrinus karwa Valenciennes, 1830 |
synonym | Lethrinus korely Valenciennes, 1830 |
synonym | Lethrinus maculatus Valenciennes, 1830 |
synonym | Lethrinus perselectus Whitley, 1933 |
synonym | Lethrinus scoparius Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908 |
synonym | Lethtinus fletus (non Whitley, 1943) |
synonym | Sciaena nebulosa Forsskål, 1775 |
synonym | Sparus choerorynchus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 |
🗒 Common Names
English |
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Kannada |
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Malayalam |
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Tamil |
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Telugu |
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📚 Overview
Brief
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013).
Attributions | Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013). |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
Diagnostic Keys
Dorsal spines (total): 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 8
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013).
Attributions | Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013). |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
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Description
Cheek without scales; 5-9 scales in supra temporal patch; inner surface of pectoral fin densely covered with scales; posterior angle of opercular fully scaled. Body color is yellowish or bronze, lighter below. Centers of many scales with a white or light blue spot. Sometimes irregular dark indistinct bars on sides and a square black blotch above pectoral fin bordering below the lateral line. Three blue streaks or series of blue spots radiate forward and ventrally from the eye. The fins are whitish or yellowish; the pelvic dusky, the edge of the dorsal fin is reddish. TL/SL relationship (cm): TL = 1.70 +1.24. Juveniles variable with blotches or stripe and changes with habitat .
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013).
Attributions | Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013). |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
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No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
📚 Natural History
Life Cycle
The reproductive nature of spangled emperors is uncertain, although they also may be protogynous hermaphrodites . A study on the Great Barrier Reef found no clear evidence of sex change in spangled emperors within the size range 17-54 cm . In the aquarium, pursuit of a female with a slightly swollen abdomen by a male signifies the start of mating. The male uses its mouth to bump and push the female"quot;s abdomen. Then eggs and sperm are released at the water surface .
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013).
Attributions | Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013). |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
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Size
Max Length
87 (unsexed)
Size
87.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; ); max. published weight: 8,400 g ; max. reported age: 27 years
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013).
Attributions | Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013). |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
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Trophic Strategy
Adults occur alone or in small schools; juveniles form large schools in shallow, sheltered sandy areas. Juveniles appear to live in shallow, inshore waters such as seagrass and mangrove areas, the fish moving into deeper water as they age . In the Gulf of Carpentaria, L. nebulosus associates with L. laticaudis usually in depths of greater than 30 m .
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013).
Attributions | Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013). |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
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Diseases
Encotyllabe Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) ;
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013).
Attributions | Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013). |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
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No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat reef-associated; non-migratory; brackish; marine; depth range 10 - 75 m
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013).
Attributions | Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013). |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
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Description
Remark
Found in Tamil Nadu coast, Gulf of Mannar
Occurrence
native
Distribution
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea, Persian Gulf and East Africa to southern Japan and Samoa. According to a genetic study , Lethrinus nebulosus and Lethrinus choerorynchus are two distinct species in Western Australia.
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013).
Attributions | Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013). |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
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No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Conservation Status
Not Evaluated IUCN 2006
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013).
Attributions | Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013). |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
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No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
fisheries: highly commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes; price category: high; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013).
Attributions | Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1846, version (12/2013). |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC |
References |
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No Data
📚 Information Listing
References
Overview > Diagnostic > Diagnostic Keys
- Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen 1989 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Species Synop. No. 125(9):118 p.
Overview > Diagnostic > Description
- Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen 1989 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Species Synop. No. 125(9):118 p.
Natural History > Life Cycle
- Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen 1989 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Species Synop. No. 125(9):118 p.
Natural History > Size
- Assadi, H. and R. Dehghani P. 1997 Atlas of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman fishes. Iranian Fisheries Research and Training Organization, Iran. IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. Loubens, G. 1980 Biologie de quelques especes de poissons du lagon Neo-Caledonien. III. Croissance. Cah. Indo-Pac. 2:101-153.
Natural History > Trophic Strategy
- Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen 1989 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Species Synop. No. 125(9):118 p.
Natural History > Diseases
- Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome.
Habitat and Distribution > General Habitat
- Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen 1989 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Species Synop. No. 125(9):118 p.
Habitat and Distribution > Distribution > Description
- Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen 1989 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Species Synop. No. 125(9):118 p.
Demography and Conservation > Conservation Status
- 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
Uses and Management > Uses
- Carpenter, K.E. 1997 Lethrinidae. Emperor snappers. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Western Central Pacific. Liao, C.-I., H.-M. Su and E.Y. Chang 2001 Techniques in finfish larviculture in Taiwan. Aquaculture 200(2001):1-31. International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, FlorIda, USA.
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Animalia |
Phylum | Chordata |
Class | Actinopterygii |
Order | Perciformes |
Family | Lethrinidae |
Genus | Lethrinus |
Species | Lethrinus nebulosus (Forsskål 1775) |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
👥 Groups