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Garcinia xanthochymus Hook. f. ex J. Anders.

Accepted
Garcinia xanthochymus Hook. f. ex J. Anders.
Garcinia xanthochymus Hook. f. ex J. Anders.
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🗒 Synonyms
synonymGarcinia cambodgiensis Vesque
synonymGarcinia pictoria
synonymGarcinia pictoria (Roxb.) Engl.
synonymGarcinia pictorius (Roxb.) W.G. D'Arcy
synonymGarcinia roxburghii Kurz
synonymGarcinia tinctoria
synonymGarcinia tinctoria (DC.) Dunn
synonymGarcinia tinctoria (DC.) W. F. Wight
synonymHebradendron pictorium (Roxb.) Royle
synonymStalagmitis pictoria (Roxb.) G.Don
synonymXanthochymus pictorius Roxb.
synonymXanthochymus tinctorius DC.
🗒 Common Names
English
  • Egg tree
  • Gamboge
  • Himalayan Garcinia
  • Mysore Gamboge
  • Sour Mangosteen
  • Yellow Mangosteen
Hindi
  • Dampel
  • Tamal
Malayalam
  • Anavaya
  • Andoor mavu
  • Bhaviyam
  • Monthanpuli
  • Pinar
  • Thamalam
  • Vayirapuli
Oriya
  • Cheoro
  • Sitambu
Other
  • Anavaya
  • Chalata
  • Chunyel
  • Devagarige
  • Ivarumidi
  • Jharambi
  • Karamala
  • Kulavi
  • Malaipachai
  • Mukki
  • Mysore Gamboge
  • Ota
  • Tamal
  • Tamala
  • Tamalam
  • Tamalamu
  • Tapinijha
📚 Overview
Overview
Summary
Brief
Flowering class: Dicot Habit: Tree
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
AttributionsDr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors
D. Narasimhan
StatusUNDER_CREATION
LicensesCC_BY
References
    Diagnostic Keys
    Description
    Evergreen trees, to 20 m; bark 6 mm thick, blackish or dark grey, exfoliating in small flakes; blaze creamy-yellow; exudation white turning yellow; branches horizontal, tips drooping; branchlets 4-angular. Leaves simple, opposite, estipulate; petiole 10-30 mm long, angular, rugulose, prominent ligulate projection at base, glabrous; lamina 12-45 x 4-12 cm, linear oblong, oblong or oblong-lanceolate; base cuneate or acute; apex acute or acuminate; margin entire, glabrous, shining, coriaceous; lateral nerves 15-20 pairs, slender, pinnate, arched near the margin forming intramarginal nerves; intercostae reticulate, prominent, secondary laterals prominent. Flowers polygamodioecious, white; male flowers: 1.5 cm across, 4-10 in fascicles, axillary or from the axils of the fallen leaves; pedicels thick, to 2.5 cm long; sepals [4]-5, orbicular-concave, unequal, apex ciliate; petals 5, 8 mm long, orbicular, incurved, spreading, greenish; stamens in 5 broad bundles of 3-5 each, alternating with 5 fleshy glands; anthers bilocular; female flowers: solitary; staminodes few, complanate; ovary ovoid, acuminate, 5 locular, ovules one in each cell; style short; stigmatic rays 5, oblong, spreading, entire. Fruit a berry, yellow, when ripe, 4.5-5.5 x 4-4.5 cm, stigmatic lobes 5; pulp yellow, acidic, seeds 1-2, reniform, 2.5-3 x 2.5 cm, smooth.
    Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
    AttributionsDr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
    Contributors
    StatusUNDER_CREATION
    LicensesCC_BY
    References
      Habit: Tree
      G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
      AttributionsG. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
      Contributors
      StatusUNDER_CREATION
      LicensesCC_BY
      References
        No Data
        📚 Natural History
        Cyclicity
        Flowering and fruiting: Throughout the year
        Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
        AttributionsDr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
        Contributors
        StatusUNDER_CREATION
        LicensesCC_BY
        References
          Miscellaneous Details
          Notes: Western Ghats, Moist Deciduous Forests
          G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
          AttributionsG. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
          Contributors
          StatusUNDER_CREATION
          LicensesCC_BY
          References
            No Data
            📚 Habitat and Distribution
            General Habitat
            Mostly cultivated
            Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
            AttributionsDr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
            Contributors
            StatusUNDER_CREATION
            LicensesCC_BY
            References
              Description
              Global Distribution

              Indo-Malesia

              Indian distribution

              State - Kerala, District/s: Alappuzha, Thiruvananthapuram, Palakkad, Malappuram

              Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
              AttributionsDr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
              Contributors
              StatusUNDER_CREATION
              LicensesCC_BY
              References
                Maharashtra: Kolhapur, Pune, Sindhudurg Karnataka: Chikmagalur, Coorg, Hassan, Mysore, N. Kanara, Shimoga Kerala: Palakkad, Thiruvananthapuram Tamil Nadu: Coimbatore, Nilgiri
                G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
                AttributionsG. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
                Contributors
                StatusUNDER_CREATION
                LicensesCC_BY
                References
                  No Data
                  📚 Occurrence
                  No Data
                  📚 Uses and Management
                  Uses
                  Medicinal
                  Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                  AttributionsDr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                  Contributors
                  StatusUNDER_CREATION
                  LicensesCC_BY
                  References
                    No Data
                    📚 Information Listing
                    References
                    1. Flora of Karnataka, Sharma B. D, 1984
                    1. Xanthochymus pictorius Roxb., Pl. Corom. 2: 51. t. 196. 1805, non Garcinia pictoria Roxb. 1832.
                    2. Garcinia tinctoria (DC.) Wight in U.S.D.A. Bur. Pl. Industr. Bull. 137: 50. 1909; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 74(53). 1915.
                    3. Garcinia pictorius (Roxb.) D. Arcy, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 67: 998. 1980; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 20. 1988.
                    4. Xanthochymus tinctorius DC., Prodr. 1: 562. 1824, 'pictorius'.
                    5. Garcinia xanthochymus Hook.f. ex Anders. in Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 269. 1874; N.P. Singh in B.D. Sharma & Sanjappa, Fl. India 3: 129. 1993; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 72. 1994; W. Arisdason & P. Daniel in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 345. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 109. 2009.
                    Information Listing > References
                    1. Flora of Karnataka, Sharma B. D, 1984
                    2. Xanthochymus pictorius Roxb., Pl. Corom. 2: 51. t. 196. 1805, non Garcinia pictoria Roxb. 1832.
                    3. Garcinia tinctoria (DC.) Wight in U.S.D.A. Bur. Pl. Industr. Bull. 137: 50. 1909; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 74(53). 1915.
                    4. Garcinia pictorius (Roxb.) D. Arcy, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 67: 998. 1980; Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 20. 1988.
                    5. Xanthochymus tinctorius DC., Prodr. 1: 562. 1824, 'pictorius'.
                    6. Garcinia xanthochymus Hook.f. ex Anders. in Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 269. 1874; N.P. Singh in B.D. Sharma & Sanjappa, Fl. India 3: 129. 1993; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 72. 1994; W. Arisdason & P. Daniel in P. Daniel, Fl. Kerala 1: 345. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 109. 2009.

                    Tree species diversity in the Eastern Ghats of northern Andhra Pradesh, India

                    Journal of Threatened Taxa
                    No Data
                    📚 Meta data
                    🐾 Taxonomy
                    📊 Temporal Distribution
                    📷 Related Observations
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