Erythrina variegata L.

Accepted

Erythrina variegata tree

Erythrina variegata seeds

Erythrina variegata prickle

Erythrina variegata leaf twig

Erythrina variegata fruit

Erythrina variegata flower

Erythrina variegata flower close up

Erythrina variegata bark

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/79dbe9ff-29c7-4428-ad39-cec7b0221850/702.jpg

🗒 Synonyms

synonym	Chirocalyx candolleanus Walp.
synonym	Chirocalyx divaricatus Walp.
synonym	Chirocalyx indicus Walp.
synonym	Chirocalyx pictus Walp.
synonym	Corallodendron divaricatum (Moc. & Sesse)Kuntze
synonym	Corallodendron orientale (L.)Kuntze
synonym	Corallodendron spathaceum (DC.)Kuntze
synonym	Erythrina alba Cogn. & Marchal
synonym	Erythrina boninensis Tuyama
synonym	Erythrina carnea Blanco
synonym	Erythrina corallodendron Lour.
synonym	Erythrina corallodendron var. orientalis L.
synonym	Erythrina divaricata DC.
synonym	Erythrina humeana Sensu R.Vig.
synonym	Erythrina indica Lam.
synonym	Erythrina indica var. alba W.S.Millard & Blatt.
synonym	Erythrina indica var. fastigiata Guill.
synonym	Erythrina indica var. orientalis (L.)Merr.
synonym	Erythrina lithosperma Miq.
synonym	Erythrina lobulata Miq.
synonym	Erythrina loueiri G.Don
synonym	Erythrina loureiri G.Don
synonym	Erythrina loureirii G.Don
synonym	Erythrina marmorata Planch.
synonym	Erythrina mysorensis Gamble
synonym	Erythrina orientalis (L.)Merr.
synonym	Erythrina parcelli Hort.
synonym	Erythrina parcellii W.Bull
synonym	Erythrina phlebocarpa Bailey
synonym	Erythrina picta L.
synonym	Erythrina rostrata Ridl.
synonym	Erythrina spathacea DC.
synonym	Erythrina variegata var. orientalis (L.)Merr.
synonym	Gelala alba Rumph.
synonym	Gelala litorea Rumph.
synonym	Tetradapa javanorum Osbeck

🗒 Common Names

Assamese	Boga Modar
English	Indian coral tree Tiger's claw
Hin	Dadap
Hindi	Pangara पंगार
Kannada	Paarivala
Malayalam	Kalyana Mullumurukku Murukku
Manipuri	Korou Angangba
Other	Choodu kottai Faurot Haaluvaana/Paalivaana Indian Coral Tree Indian Or Variegated Coral Tree Kakkapoo Kalyana Murungai Kavir Lenten Tree Mandar Mullmurukku Palita Mother Pangaro / Panervo Sunshine Tree Tiger Claw Tiger's Claw Tota
Tamil	முள்ளு முருக்கு Mullumurukku

📚 Overview

Overview

Summary

Tree

Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.

Attributions	Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Brief

Flowering class: Dicot Habit: Tree

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Diagnostic

Diagnostic Keys

Description

Deciduous tree; bark yellowish or greenish-grey, smooth, peeling off in papery flakes; blaze yellow; prickles black on branches, falling after a few years. Leaves trifoliate, alternate; stipules small, lateral; rachis 17-21 cm, slender, pulvinate, glabrous; stipels gland-like; petiolule 7-10 mm, stout, glabrous; leaflet 10-13.5 x 8.5-12.5 cm, widely ovate, rhomboid or deltoid-ovate, base truncate or obtuse, apex acuminate, margin entire, glabrous, membranous; 3 ribbed from base; lateral nerves 4-7 pairs, pinnate, prominent, ascending, intercostae reticulate, faint. Flowers bisexual, bright red, in dense racemes; calyx spathaceous, oblique, recurved, split to the base on one side, 5-toothed at the tip; petals 5, sessile, standard 6.5×2.5 cm, oblong-elliptic, apex obtuse, wings 1.5 x 1 cm, obovate, keel 1. 5 x 1.7 cm, oblong-falcate, free; stamens 10, monadelphous, alternately longer and shorter, vexillary filament free; anthers uniform; ovary stipitate, inferior, pubescent,1-celled, ovules many; style curved, subulate at the apex, not bearded; stigma capitate. Fruit a pod 15-30.5 cm long, torulose, constricted between seeds, dehiscent; seeds 6-8.

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Habit: Tree

G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram

Attributions	G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
Contributors	G Renu D. Narasimhan Sanjana Julias Thilakar
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Bark grey with black prickles, bark of the young branches greyish green, branches soft and lighter. Leaves compound with large 3-leaflets, Flowers red or orange in dense clusters, leafless while blooming/flowering.

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

SubSpecies Varieties Races

Diagnostic Keys

Description

No Data

📚 Nomenclature and Classification

Nomenclature and Classification

Taxon Record Name

References

Type Information

No Data

📚 Natural History

Natural History

Life Cycle

Cyclicity

Flowering and fruiting: March-April

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Leaf Fall

February--April

Flowering

March--April

Fruiting

May--July

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Reproduction

Propagation Techniques

Direct sowing of seeds.

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Migration

Dispersal

Dispersers

Dispersers: Self

Pollinators

Pollinators: Bird,Rodent

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Life Expectancy

Size

Seed Size

1.7 cm.

Tree Height

12 m.

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Growth

High

Competitiveness

Poor

Where To Plant

Field border,Avenue

Growth Rate

fast growing

Drought Tolerance

Moderate

Drainage

Moderate

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Morphology

Growth Form

Tree

Tree Type

Deciduous

Canopy

Semi

Leaf Type

Bilvapatre like

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Miscellaneous Details

Notes: Plains to Low Altitude, also Cultivated

G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram

Attributions	G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
Contributors	Sanjana Julias Thilakar D. Narasimhan G Renu
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Interesting Facts

Used as a live support for betel vines. Leaves fed to cows to increase milk yield. High quality green manure and mulch.

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

No Data

📚 Habitat and Distribution

Habitat and Distribution

General Habitat

Habitat

Terrestrial

Forests

Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.

Attributions	Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Dry deciduous forests, widely grown as pepper stand and for fencing

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Distribution

Description

Global Distribution

India: Andhra Pradesh,assam, Kerala, Maharastra, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh

Indian Distribution

Kamrup

Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.

Attributions	Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Global Distribution

Indo-Malesia, China and Africa

Indian distribution

State - Kerala, District/s: All Districts

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Maharashtra: Kolhapur Karnataka: Chikmagalur, Coorg, N. Kanara, Shimoga Kerala: All districts Tamil Nadu: All districts

G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram

Attributions	G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
Contributors	G Renu D. Narasimhan Sanjana Julias Thilakar
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharastra, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Assam.

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Endemic Distribution

Nativity

Native

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

No Data

📚 Occurrence

Occurrence

No Data

📚 Demography and Conservation

Demography and Conservation

IUCN Red List Category

Least Concern

Not Evaluated

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Threats

Legislation

Protection Legal Status

No Data

📚 Uses and Management

Uses and Management

Uses

System of Medicines Used In

Ayurveda

Folk medicine

Siddha

Sowa-Rigpa

System Of Medicines Used In

Ayurveda, Folk medicine, Sowa-Rigpa, Siddha

FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=911

Attributions	FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=911
Contributors	FRLHT-ENVIS
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Medicinal

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Medicinal :

Medicinal : Leaf,Seed

Food:

Food: Inedible

Fodder:

Fodder: Goat,Cattle

Fuelwood:

Poor fuelwood

Pest Management:

Pest management: Seed

Services And Uses

Nitrogen fixing, Wind break, Live fence

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Folklore

Management

No Data

📚 Information Listing

Information Listing

Species Resources

Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN)

Encyclopedia of Life (EOL)

Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)

National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)

References

Erythrina indica Lam., Encycl. 2: 391. 1786; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 188. 1876; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 353(249). 1918; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 142. 1988.
Erythrina variegata L. var. orientalis (L.) Merr., Interpr. Herb. Amboin. 276. 1917; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 90. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 150. 1984; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 131. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 186. 1990; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 173. 1992; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 143. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 97. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 94. 2002; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 224. 2009.
Erythrina variegata L. in Stickman, Herb. Amboin. 10. 1754; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 161. 1990; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 173. 1992; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 105. 1995. 1995; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 291. 2009.

D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=911

Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983; Matthew, 1983, Flora of Kolhapur District, Yadav S. R & Sardesai M. M, 2002, Biodiversity Documentation for Kerala Part 6: Flowering Plants, N. Sasidharan, 2004, Flora of Karnataka, Sharma B.D, 1984

Information Listing > References

Erythrina indica Lam., Encycl. 2: 391. 1786; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 2: 188. 1876; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 353(249). 1918; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 142. 1988.
Erythrina variegata L. var. orientalis (L.) Merr., Interpr. Herb. Amboin. 276. 1917; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 90. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 150. 1984; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 131. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 186. 1990; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 173. 1992; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 143. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Chinnar WLS 97. 1999; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 94. 2002; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 224. 2009.
Erythrina variegata L. in Stickman, Herb. Amboin. 10. 1754; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 161. 1990; Sanjappa, Legumes Ind. 173. 1992; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 105. 1995. 1995; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 291. 2009.
D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=911
Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. I, 1983; Matthew, 1983, Flora of Kolhapur District, Yadav S. R & Sardesai M. M, 2002, Biodiversity Documentation for Kerala Part 6: Flowering Plants, N. Sasidharan, 2004, Flora of Karnataka, Sharma B.D, 1984

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Images

No Data

📚 Meta data

Meta data

Erythrina-variegata_map.tif
Erythrina indica_LC.tif
6 Bilvapatre-like leaf.tif

Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045

Attributions	Kavitha, A., N. Deepthi, R. Ganesan, S. C. Gladwin Joseph. Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, 2045
Contributors	A Kavitha Deepthi Narasimhaiah Ganesan R gladwin joseph
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References